CN111706457A - 一种与近海风机结合的海洋能发电装置 - Google Patents

一种与近海风机结合的海洋能发电装置 Download PDF

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CN111706457A
CN111706457A CN202010702941.5A CN202010702941A CN111706457A CN 111706457 A CN111706457 A CN 111706457A CN 202010702941 A CN202010702941 A CN 202010702941A CN 111706457 A CN111706457 A CN 111706457A
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supporting plate
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CN111706457B (zh
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王世明
丁成林
吴爱平
刘安东
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Shanghai Ocean University
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F03B13/1815Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem for limited rotation with an up-and-down movement
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
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    • F03B13/12Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/26Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy
    • F03B13/262Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy using the relative movement between a tide-operated member and another member
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/008Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations the wind motor being combined with water energy converters, e.g. a water turbine
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F03D9/11Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing electrical energy
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    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种与近海风机结合的海洋能发电装置,竖杆向上穿过第二支撑板,螺杆向上穿过第一支撑板并与第一发电机输入轴的齿轮垂直啮合,漂浮板上下浮动中带动齿轮转动,第一发电机发电;限位板对漂浮板上下浮动的幅度进行限位;第三支撑板上设置一旋转平台和一圈电磁导轨,电磁导轨内设有若干滚珠,滚珠固定设于连接杆底部,连接杆与旋转平台同时对潮流能发电装置进行支撑;潮流能发电装置包括一横卧的套筒,套筒内设有转轴横卧的转轮,转轮四周设有螺旋桨,转轮两端与第二发电机连接,第二发电机连接与储能器连接。本发明提高海洋能发电装置的能源利用率,且实现多种类能源发电时的稳定可靠的平台安装,提高发电的可靠性。

Description

一种与近海风机结合的海洋能发电装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种与近海风机结合的海洋能发电装置,属于海洋能发电技术领域。
背景技术
海洋能是可再生的绿色环保清洁能源,在未来能源结构调整升级中将发挥重要作用,通过海洋能发电既能提供近海、岛屿作业所需的生活用电,也可以为边远海域的国防、海洋开发等活动提供能量,应用市场非常广阔。对保障我国经济社会发展面临能源安全、生态环境保护和应对气候变化多重压力有重要意义。
但是现有的海洋能发电装置的能源利用率比较低,且没有稳定可靠的平台安装,使得发电的可靠性差。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种与近海风机结合的海洋能发电装置,提高海洋能发电装置的能源利用率,且实现多种类能源发电时的稳定可靠的平台安装,提高发电的可靠性。
本发明采取以下技术方案:
一种与近海风机结合的海洋能发电装置,包括基架,所述基架内自上而下设有第一支撑板13、第二支撑板12、第三支撑板10;所述第一支撑板13上设置储能器5、第一发电机4;漂浮板9上端与竖杆11固定连接,竖杆11的上部为螺杆3;竖杆11向上穿过第二支撑板12,螺杆3向上穿过第一支撑板13并与所述第一发电机4输入轴的齿轮2垂直啮合,所述漂浮板9上下浮动中带动所述齿轮2转动,第一发电机4发电;所述竖杆11上位于第一支撑板与第二支撑板之间的部位设有限位板8,所述限位板8对漂浮板9上下浮动的幅度进行限位;所述第三支撑板10上设置一旋转平台22和一圈电磁导轨,所述电磁导轨内设有若干滚珠21,所述滚珠21固定设于连接杆20底部,所述连接杆20与所述旋转平台22同时对潮流能发电装置进行支撑;所述潮流能发电装置包括一横卧的套筒18,所述套筒18内设有转轴横卧的转轮14,所述转轮14四周设有螺旋桨17,所述转轮14两端与第二发电机16连接,所述第二发电机16连接与所述储能器5连接。
优选的,所述基架顶部设有风力发电机,所述风力发电机与所述储能器5连接。
优选的,所述螺旋桨17设有转速检测器,所述转速检测器与所述电磁导轨电连接,当转速大于设定值时,所述电磁导轨吸附所述滚珠21,将所述旋转平台22锁定,当转速小于设定值时,所述电磁导轨释放所述滚珠21,所述潮流能发电装置随所述旋转平台22转动至适合潮流方向的角度。
进一步的,所述套筒18两端设有导流罩15,所述导流罩15呈外扩式喇叭口形状。
优选的,所述储能器5与蓄电池1连接,所述蓄电池1设置于所述第二支撑板13上。
优选的,所述基架上具有一横板6,所述横板6的上端固定连接有风机基座,所述横板6的底端四角均固定连接有导管架7,四个所述导管架7之间从上至下依次固定连接有所述第一支撑板13、第二支撑板12和第三支撑板10。
优选的,所述第二发电机16与套筒内侧壁之间固定连接有支架19。
进一步的,所述第一发电机4与第二发电机16的输出端均与储能器5的输入的电性连接,所述储能器5的输出端与蓄电池1的输入的电性连接,所述风力发电机的输出端与储能器5的输入端电性连接。
优选的,所述储能器5上设有控制器,所述控制器采用STM32单片机制成。
优选的,所述储能器5为电容。
本发明的有益效果在于:
1)将本发电装置固定在海床上,漂浮板可以在海面上随着海浪上下漂浮,进而带动第一发电机旋转,对储能器进行充电,同时底部的螺旋桨也可以在潮汐作用下被海水带动旋转,实现两侧第二发电机旋转发电,进而对储能器供电,储能器中的电能冲入蓄电池中,通过多设置两种形势的能量利用系统,融合波浪能发电、潮流能发电,综合发挥优势,提高发电的利用率;
2)多个支撑板构成的平台结构稳定,具有很好的可靠性。
3)漂浮板带动螺杆上下升降,从而与齿轮之间实现垂直传动,同时第二支撑板与第一支撑板之间设置限位块实现升降幅度的限位,结构简单,设计巧妙;
4)潮流能发电装置采用了横卧式的套筒,并且在其底部设置了旋转平台,潮流能发电装置可自行根据潮流方向转动至适合的角度,同时,当螺旋桨转速超过设定值时,为了避免潮流能发电装置转动速度过大导致的可靠性问题,电磁导轨可将滚珠吸附固定,当当螺旋桨转速低于设定值时,电磁导轨释放所述滚珠,潮流能发电装置恢复自由转动,可靠性高。
附图说明
图1为本发明与近海风机结合的海洋能发电装置的结构示意图;
图2为图1中的A处结构放大示意图。
图中:1-蓄电池,2-齿轮,3-螺杆,4-第一发电机,5-储能器,6-横板,7-导管架,8-限位块,9-漂浮板,10-第三支撑板,11-竖杆,12-第二支撑板,13-第一支撑板,14-转轮,15-导流罩,16-第二发电机,17-螺旋桨,18-套筒,19-支架,20-连接杆,21-滚珠,22-旋转平台。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进一步说明。
请参阅图1-2,包括横板6,横板6的上端固定连接有风机基座,风机将风能转化为电能,横板6的底端四角均固定连接有导管架7,四个导管架7之间从上至下依次固定连接有第一支撑板13、第二支撑板12和第三支撑板10,多个组件组成一个坚固的框架结构,保障了平台的稳定,同时横板6对下方的物件进行一定遮挡,避免被太阳晒坏或雨水淋坏,第一支撑板13上依次固定连接有储能器5、第一发电机4与蓄电池1,第一发电机4的输出轴末端固定连接有齿轮2,第一支撑板13与第二支撑板12上分别滑动插设有螺杆3与竖杆11,螺杆3的上端与齿轮2相互啮合,螺杆3的与竖杆11固定连接,竖杆11的下端固定连接有漂浮板9,漂浮板9在海浪的作用下可以上下浮动,进而通过竖杆11与螺杆3带动齿轮2旋转,进而实现第一发电机4的旋转,进而实现将波浪能转化为动能再转为电能存储在储能器5中,当储能器5中的电能存积到一定量后,再冲入蓄电池1中,便于后期的使用。
参见图2,第三支撑板10上设置一旋转平台22和一圈电磁导轨,所述电磁导轨内设有若干滚珠21,所述滚珠21固定设于连接杆20底部,所述连接杆20与所述旋转平台22同时对潮流能发电装置进行支撑;所述潮流能发电装置包括一横卧的套筒18,所述套筒18内设有转轴横卧的转轮14,所述转轮14四周设有螺旋桨17,所述转轮14两端与第二发电机16连接,所述第二发电机16连接与所述储能器5连接。
发电机16与套筒内侧壁之间固定连接有支架19,螺旋桨17在潮流能的作用下被带动旋转,进而带动两侧的第二发电机16的旋转,电能也存储在储能器5中。
参见图1,第一发电机4与第二发电机16的输出端均与储能器5的输入的电性连接,储能器5的输出端与蓄电池1的输入的电性连接,风机的输出端与储能器5的输入端电性连接,便于电能的传递与存储;进一步的,储能器5上设有控制器,控制器采用STM32单片机制成,STM32单片机造价低,当储能器5中存储了一定量的电能后,通过控制器对储能器5中存储的电能进行输送至蓄电池1内;进一步的,竖杆11上固定套接有限位块8,限位块8位于第一支撑板13和第二支撑板12之间,限位块8避免了插杆11与螺杆3组成的杆体与第二支撑板12滑脱,造成发电失败;进一步的,套筒18的两侧均固定连接有导流罩15,目的是增加套筒18内水流流量,即增大套筒18内水流的流速,增大发电效能;进一步的,储能器5为电容,便于获取且成本低。
工作原理:将本发装置固定在近海的海床上,上部的风机可以将风能转化为电能,使得在涨潮时候,第一支撑板13依然可以高出于海面,保障上部电气不会泡在水中,漂浮板9在海平面上随着海浪漂浮上下,进而通过竖杆11和螺杆3带动齿轮2的旋转,进而实现第一发电机4的旋转发电,然后电能进入储能器5中,发电组件的结构简单且稳定,可以长期运行,海水在潮汐作用下,近海潮水每天会有两次方向相反的流动,流动的海水会带动螺旋桨17的旋转进而实现第二发电机16的旋转并发电,电量也是发送至储能器5中,当储能器5中的电能存储到一定量后,通过控制器将电能传递至蓄电池1中,便于后期的使用。参见图2,潮流能发电装置采用了横卧式的套筒,并且在其底部设置了旋转平台,潮流能发电装置可自行根据潮流方向转动至适合的角度,同时,当螺旋桨转速超过设定值时,为了避免潮流能发电装置转动速度过大导致的可靠性问题,电磁导轨可将滚珠吸附固定,当当螺旋桨转速低于设定值时,电磁导轨释放所述滚珠,潮流能发电装置恢复自由转动,可靠性高。
本发明的结构稳定且合理,能够长时间在海床上运行,同时在一个底座上有机的将多种能量转换发电方式结合在一起,实现较高的能源利用率。

Claims (10)

1.一种与近海风机结合的海洋能发电装置,其特征在于:
包括基架,所述基架内自上而下设有第一支撑板(13)、第二支撑板(12)、第三支撑板(10);
所述第一支撑板(13)上设置储能器(5)、第一发电机(4);
漂浮板(9)上端与竖杆(11)固定连接,竖杆(11)的上部为螺杆(3);竖杆(11)向上穿过第二支撑板(12),螺杆(3)向上穿过第一支撑板(13)并与所述第一发电机(4)输入轴的齿轮(2)垂直啮合,所述漂浮板(9)上下浮动中带动所述齿轮(2)转动,第一发电机(4)发电;所述竖杆(11)上位于第一支撑板与第二支撑板之间的部位设有限位板(8),所述限位板(8)对漂浮板(9)上下浮动的幅度进行限位;
所述第三支撑板(10)上设置一旋转平台(22)和一圈电磁导轨,所述电磁导轨内设有若干滚珠(21),所述滚珠(21)固定设于连接杆(20)底部,所述连接杆(20)与所述旋转平台(22)同时对潮流能发电装置进行支撑;
所述潮流能发电装置包括一横卧的套筒(18),所述套筒(18)内设有转轴横卧的转轮(14),所述转轮(14)四周设有螺旋桨(17),所述转轮(14)两端与第二发电机(16)连接,所述第二发电机(16)连接与所述储能器(5)连接。
2.如权利要求1所述的与近海风机结合的海洋能发电装置,其特征在于:所述基架顶部设有风力发电机,所述风力发电机与所述储能器(5)连接。
3.如权利要求1所述的与近海风机结合的海洋能发电装置,其特征在于:所述螺旋桨(17)设有转速检测器,所述转速检测器与所述电磁导轨电连接,当转速大于设定值时,所述电磁导轨吸附所述滚珠(21),将所述旋转平台(22)锁定,当转速小于设定值时,所述电磁导轨释放所述滚珠(21),所述潮流能发电装置随所述旋转平台(22)转动至适合潮流方向的角度。
4.如权利要求3所述的与近海风机结合的海洋能发电装置,其特征在于:所述套筒(18)两端设有导流罩(15),所述导流罩(15)呈外扩式喇叭口形状。
5.如权利要求1所述的与近海风机结合的海洋能发电装置,其特征在于:所述储能器(5)与蓄电池(1)连接,所述蓄电池(1)设置于所述第二支撑板(13)上。
6.如权利要求1所述的与近海风机结合的海洋能发电装置,其特征在于:所述基架上具有一横板(6),所述横板(6)的上端固定连接有风机基座,所述横板(6)的底端四角均固定连接有导管架(7),四个所述导管架(7)之间从上至下依次固定连接有所述第一支撑板(13)、第二支撑板(12)和第三支撑板(10)。
7.如权利要求1所述的与近海风机结合的海洋能发电装置,其特征在于:所述第二发电机(16)与套筒内侧壁之间固定连接有支架(19)。
8.如权利要求5所述的与近海风机结合的海洋能发电装置,其特征在于:所述第一发电机(4)与第二发电机(16)的输出端均与储能器(5)的输入的电性连接,所述储能器(5)的输出端与蓄电池(1)的输入的电性连接,所述风力发电机的输出端与储能器(5)的输入端电性连接。
9.如权利要求1所述的与近海风机结合的海洋能发电装置,其特征在于:所述储能器(5)上设有控制器,所述控制器采用STM(32)单片机制成。
10.如权利要求1所述的与近海风机结合的海洋能发电装置,其特征在于:所述储能器(5)为电容。
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