CN111706430A

CN111706430A - Internal combustion engine with rack bar and ratchet wheel

Info

Publication number: CN111706430A
Application number: CN202010561238.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 阮南虎
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-06-18
Filing date: 2020-06-18
Publication date: 2020-09-25

Abstract

The invention relates to a rack bar ratchet internal combustion engine, which comprises a combustion chamber torque output system and a motion control system, wherein the combustion chamber torque output system comprises a rack bar ratchet wheel, a rack bar ratchet wheel and a ratchet wheel; the combustion chamber torque output system comprises a case, at least two main shafts, at least four combustion chambers and main ratchet wheels corresponding to the number of the combustion chambers; the motion control system comprises a differential shaft and a controllable ratchet device arranged on the differential shaft, and the motion control system provides power for the 'stall' and incomplete 'compression' stroke of the main ratchet wheel through the main shaft, the differential shaft and the controllable ratchet device so that the main ratchet wheel completes the 'compression' stroke. The moment arm L of the torque output outwards is constantly equal to the pitch circle radius of the main gear ring of the main ratchet wheel, so that the 'crankshaft mechanism loss' in areas II and III in the background does not exist; the piston of the combustion chamber has no lateral force to the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve, so that the abrasion gap caused by the lateral force is avoided, and the air leakage loss is greatly reduced.

Description

Internal combustion engine with rack bar and ratchet wheel

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of internal combustion engines, and relates to a rack bar ratchet internal combustion engine.

Background

The most widely used of the present engines is a piston connecting rod crankshaft internal combustion engine, pressure generated by combustion in a combustion chamber acts on a piston to push the piston to do linear motion in a cylinder, the pressure is transmitted and applied to the crankshaft through a connecting rod to drive the crankshaft to rotate and output torque, working pressure in the cylinder linearly decreases along with the movement of the piston, and the pressure change of the working pressure conforms to a linear function formula: p-a-kx, as shown in fig. 48 (a), and the moment arm L of the crankshaft, which generates torque, varies with the rotation of the crankshaft, i.e., the moment arm

See (b) in FIG. 48, effective pressure function

Let the oblique line P be A-kx and curve

Drawing the effective torque diagram of the crankshaft on the same axes to obtain a diagram (a) in a diagram 48, and then drawing a diagram (b) in the diagram 48 and a diagram (c) in the diagram 48 in a combined manner to obtain a diagram 48, wherein in the diagram (a) in the diagram 48, the area of a large triangle enclosed by the axes, oblique lines and curves is the total energy generated by combustion in a cylinder, the area of a region I in the diagram is the effective torque actually output by the crankshaft, and the areas of a region II and a region III in the diagram are torque which cannot be output, namely 'loss of a crankshaft mechanism'; the area I only occupies 3/4 of the trapezoidal area divided by the opening line Z of the exhaust valve through integral calculation, and the area II and the area III jointly occupy 1/4 of the trapezoidal area; the piston side pressure moves up and down under the action of the component force of the crankshaft and the connecting rod, the inner wall of the cylinder is abraded after working for a period of time, the inner diameter is ground into an ellipse shape, and the piston cannot be effectively sealed to generate air leakage loss; the area of the region IV being released by opening of the exhaust valveEnergy, namely 'exhaust loss', as can be seen from the graph (a) in fig. 48, as the load of the engine increases, the amplitude a moves upwards, and the area of the region iv increases sharply, because the stroke of the piston is short and is only equal to or slightly larger than the inner diameter of the cylinder, and the stroke is fixed and cannot be changed, so that when the load of the engine is high, a large amount of energy left in the cylinder cannot be combusted outwards due to the short stroke, i.e. the energy is released by the exhaust valve to generate 'exhaust loss'; when the fuel of the engine is gasoline, gas or oil gas, the engine needs to be throttled at low load to generate pumping loss; the air input of the engine is changed along with the change of the load, so that the compression ratio is not a constant optimal ratio but a dynamically changed ratio, and the dynamic compression ratio loss is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a rack and ratchet internal combustion engine, wherein the arm L of torque output outwards is constantly equal to the pitch circle radius of a main gear ring of a main ratchet wheel, so that the 'crankshaft mechanism loss' in the areas II and III in the background does not exist; the piston of the combustion chamber has no lateral force to the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve, so that the abrasion gap caused by the lateral force is avoided, and the air leakage loss is greatly reduced.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.

A rack bar ratchet internal combustion engine comprises a combustion chamber torque output system and a motion control system;

the combustion chamber torque output system comprises a case, at least two main shafts, at least four combustion chambers and main ratchet wheels corresponding to the number of the combustion chambers, wherein each combustion chamber comprises a cylinder sleeve, a piston, a rack rod and a guide mechanism, the main shafts are named as a first main shaft and a second main shaft from right to left, the first main shaft and the second main shaft are installed on the case and synchronously rotate, one end of the first main shaft and/or one end of the second main shaft are/is provided with a flywheel, at least two main ratchet wheels are installed on the first main shaft, at least two main ratchet wheels are installed on the second main shaft, at least two combustion chambers are arranged between the first main shaft and the second main shaft, the rack rods of the combustion chambers are respectively meshed with the two main ratchet wheels on the main shafts, at least two combustion chambers are arranged on the other side of the first main shaft or the second main shaft, and the rack rods of the combustion chambers are respectively meshed with one main ratchet wheel on the main shafts, the guide mechanism is arranged in the motion direction of the rack rod and used for limiting the motion of the rack rod to prevent the rack rod from deflecting, the main ratchet wheels positioned on the same main shaft synchronously rotate, the piston linearly reciprocates in the cylinder sleeve, and the rack rod is connected with the piston;

the motion control system comprises a differential shaft and a controllable ratchet device arranged on the differential shaft, the main shaft is connected with the differential shaft through a transmission mechanism, the controllable ratchet device is connected with the main ratchet wheel through the transmission mechanism, and the motion control system provides power for the main ratchet wheel to stop and not finish the compression stroke through the main shaft, the differential shaft and the controllable ratchet device so that the main ratchet wheel finishes the compression stroke.

Preferably, the same ends of the first main shaft and the second main shaft are respectively provided with a main gear, and the two main gears are meshed through a transition gear shaft arranged on the chassis and synchronously rotate.

Preferably, the combustion chamber torque output system further comprises a connection reel, and the main ratchet wheels on the same main shaft are connected through the connection reel and rotate synchronously.

Preferably, the guide mechanism comprises a boss and a tight-supporting roller, the boss is arranged in the length direction of the rack bar, the tight-supporting roller is arranged on the main shaft or the transition shaft, and the transition shaft is arranged on one side of the first main shaft or the second main shaft and meets the condition that at least two combustion chambers are positioned between the first main shaft or the second main shaft and the transition shaft.

Preferably, the wedging directions of the main ratchet wheels are consistent.

Preferably, the number of teeth of the main ratchet wheel is the same as that of the main gear.

Preferably, the main ratchet wheel comprises a main gear ring and a main core wheel, a pusher dog is arranged on the main gear ring, the connection reel is provided with a notch, and the pusher dog is embedded with the notch, so that the main ratchet wheel on the same main shaft is connected and synchronously rotates through the connection reel.

Preferably, the rack bar is hinged to the piston.

Preferably, the main shaft is two pieces; the number of the combustion chambers is four, and the four combustion chambers are arranged on the side edges of the two main shafts in a matrix manner; or the number of the combustion chambers is five, three combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and two combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of the other main shaft; or the number of the combustion chambers is six, and the side edges of the two main shafts are respectively provided with three combustion chambers; or the number of the combustion chambers is six, two combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and four combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of the other main shaft; or the number of the combustion chambers is seven, two combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and five combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of the other main shaft; or the number of the combustion chambers is seven, three combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and four combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of the other main shaft; or eight combustion chambers are arranged, wherein two combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and six combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of the other main shaft; or eight combustion chambers are arranged, wherein three combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and five combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of the other main shaft; or the number of the combustion chambers is eight, and the side edges of the two main shafts are respectively provided with four combustion chambers.

Preferably, the main shaft is three pieces; the number of the combustion chambers is five, wherein two combustion chambers are respectively arranged on the side edges of two main shafts, and one combustion chamber is arranged on the side edge of one main shaft; the number of the combustion chambers is six, and two combustion chambers are respectively arranged on the side edges of the three main shafts; or the number of the combustion chambers is six, three combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, two combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and one combustion chamber is arranged on the side edge of one main shaft; or the number of the combustion chambers is seven, wherein four combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, two combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and one combustion chamber is arranged on the side edge of one main shaft; or the number of the combustion chambers is seven, wherein the side edges of two main shafts are respectively provided with three combustion chambers, and the side edge of one main shaft is provided with one combustion chamber; or the number of the combustion chambers is seven, three combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and two combustion chambers are respectively arranged on the side edges of the other two main shafts; or the number of the combustion chambers is eight, five combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, two combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and one combustion chamber is arranged on the side edge of one main shaft; or the number of the combustion chambers is eight, four combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, three combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and one combustion chamber is arranged on the side edge of one main shaft; or the number of the combustion chambers is eight, four combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and two combustion chambers are respectively arranged on the side edges of the other two main shafts; or eight combustion chambers are arranged, wherein three combustion chambers are respectively arranged on the side edges of two main shafts, and two combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of the other main shaft.

Preferably, the main shaft is four pieces; the number of the combustion chambers is six, wherein two combustion chambers are respectively arranged on the side edges of two main shafts, and one combustion chamber is respectively arranged on the side edges of the other two main shafts; or the number of the combustion chambers is seven, three combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, two combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and one combustion chamber is respectively arranged on the side edges of the other two main shafts; or the number of the combustion chambers is seven, wherein two combustion chambers are respectively arranged on the side edges of three main shafts, and one combustion chamber is arranged on the side edge of the other main shaft; or the number of the combustion chambers is eight, four combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, two combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and one combustion chamber is respectively arranged on the side edges of the other two main shafts; or the number of the combustion chambers is eight, wherein the side edges of two main shafts are respectively provided with three combustion chambers, and the side edges of the other two main shafts are respectively provided with one combustion chamber; or the number of the combustion chambers is eight, three combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, two combustion chambers are respectively arranged on the side surfaces of the two main shafts, and one combustion chamber is arranged on the side edge of the other main shaft; or the number of the combustion chambers is eight, and the side edges of the four main shafts are respectively provided with two combustion chambers.

Preferably, the piston is devoid of the skirt of a conventional piston.

Preferably, the first main shaft is connected with a first differential gear mounted on the first differential shaft through an intermediate gear shaft to transmit the power of the main shaft to the first differential shaft, and the second main shaft is connected with a second differential gear mounted on the second differential shaft through a reduction gear to transmit the power of the main shaft to the second differential shaft.

Preferably, the controllable ratchet device comprises a controllable ratchet mechanism, the controllable ratchet mechanism comprises a controllable gear ring and a controllable core wheel, the controllable core wheel is installed on the differential shaft, and the controllable gear ring is meshed with the main gear ring of the main ratchet wheel through a transition gear.

Preferably, the controllable ratchet mechanism further comprises a roller limiting seat and a wedging cavity control mechanism, the controllable core wheel comprises a controllable roller and a roller elastic body, the controllable core wheel is provided with an accommodating groove at the position of the wedging cavity of the controllable roller, and two ends of the controllable roller are provided with controllable shafts;

the wedge-caulking cavity control mechanism comprises a lever bracket, a roller lever and a lever upwarp device, wherein the roller lever is arranged on the lever bracket, one end of the roller lever is positioned in the accommodating groove and used for establishing a controllable wedge-caulking cavity, and the lever upwarp device is positioned at the other end of the roller lever and applies upwarp force to the roller lever;

the roller limiting seats are arranged at the front end and the rear end of the controllable core wheel, kidney-shaped holes are formed in the roller limiting seats, the controllable shafts are in clearance fit with the kidney-shaped holes, the controllable shafts are controlled by the kidney-shaped holes to move in the kidney-shaped holes, and the kidney-shaped holes control the controllable shafts to enable the controllable rollers to be in a wedging position or a wedge releasing position;

when the roller lever is stressed to be tilted to establish the controllable wedging cavity, and the waist-shaped hole controls the controllable shaft to enable the controllable roller to be in a wedging position, the controllable roller can play a wedging role.

Preferably, the lever upwarping device is a conical disc, one end of the roller lever, which is located at the conical disc, is provided with a roller, the roller moves on the inner wall conical surface of the conical disc, and the roller lever is forced to upwarp to establish a controllable wedging cavity by applying axial thrust to the conical disc.

Preferably, the roller limiting seat comprises a controllable front end cover and a controllable rear end cover, the kidney-shaped holes are formed in symmetrical positions of the controllable front end cover and the controllable rear end cover, the controllable front end cover and the controllable rear end cover are sleeved on the hub of the controllable core wheel and can rotate on the hub, and the controllable front end cover and the controllable rear end cover are controlled by the locking mechanism and the unlocking mechanism to rotate relative to the hub of the controllable core wheel, so that the kidney-shaped holes are enabled to control the position of the controllable roller.

Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises a seat pin, a pin elastic body and a movable pin, the pin elastic body is arranged between the seat pin and the movable pin and is in a pressed state, the seat pin is fixed in a first arc-shaped long hole formed in the controllable core wheel, movable pin push rods are arranged at two ends of the movable pin, the movable pin push rods are matched with thrust holes formed in the controllable front end cover and the controllable rear end cover, and the movable pin pushes the controllable front end cover and the controllable rear end cover to synchronously rotate towards one direction under the action of the pin elastic body.

Preferably, the unlocking mechanism comprises an arc tooth ejector rod, the controllable front end cover and the controllable rear end cover are provided with a splayed arc flaring hole matched with the arc tooth ejector rod, the arc tooth ejector rod is enabled to be attached to one side face of the splayed arc flaring hole through pushing of the arc tooth ejector rod, the side face of the arc tooth ejector rod is enabled to extrude the side face of the splayed arc flaring hole through continuing pushing of the arc tooth ejector rod, the controllable front end cover and the controllable rear end cover are forced to do a movable pin for pressing the locking mechanism to remove the compression pin elastic body to synchronously rotate, the arc tooth ejector rod penetrates through a second arc long hole formed in the controllable core wheel, and the second arc long hole limits the arc tooth ejector rod to only move along the axial direction.

Preferably, the controllable ratchet device further comprises a ratchet control mechanism, the ratchet control mechanism comprises a convex bottom shifting fork, a shifting fork return mechanism and a ratchet rod mechanism, one end of the controllable gear ring is provided with a convex claw, a fork point of the convex bottom shifting fork is provided with a sliding chute clamped with the convex claw, the sliding chute slides on the convex claw, the convex bottom shifting fork slides relative to the controllable gear ring along the axial direction and rotates along with the controllable gear ring, the bottom of the convex bottom shifting fork is provided with a fan-shaped boss with two inclined surfaces at two sides, the ratchet rod mechanism comprises a chain wheel base, a roller ratchet rod and a ratchet rod return elastic body, the roller ratchet rod is in an L shape, the corner of the L-shaped roller ratchet rod is hinged with the chain wheel base, the top end of the vertical rod of the L-shaped roller ratchet rod is provided with a roller, and the roller abuts against the bottom plane of; when the convex bottom shifting fork rotates clockwise, the L-shaped roller ratchet rod enters the fan-shaped boss from the left side upslope, the L-shaped roller ratchet rod is kept in a standing state under the action of the cross rod, so that the L-shaped roller ratchet rod pushes the convex bottom shifting fork to move forwards, and the shifting fork return mechanism enables the convex bottom shifting fork to return to a non-pushed state under the action of the ratchet rod mechanism; when the convex bottom shifting fork rotates anticlockwise, the L-shaped roller ratchet rod enters the fan-shaped boss from the right side upslope, the L-shaped roller ratchet rod is kept in a pushing-down state under the action of the inclined surface component force of the fan-shaped boss and does not push the convex bottom shifting fork to move forwards, and when the roller passes through the downslope, the ratchet rod returns to the elastic body to enable the L-shaped roller ratchet rod to return to a standing state.

Preferably, the shifting fork restoring mechanism comprises two opposite top disks and a top disk restoring elastic body arranged between the two top disks.

Preferably, the controllable ratchet device further comprises a thrust bearing, and the thrust bearing is arranged between the convex bottom shifting fork and the lever raising device, so that the convex bottom shifting fork does not influence the relative rotation between the convex bottom shifting fork and the lever raising device when pushing the lever raising device.

Preferably, controllable ratchet still includes secondary top pusher, secondary top pusher sets up between thrust bearing and lever upwarping ware, secondary top pusher includes ejector pin, top ejector sleeve, top pushing elastomer, tube bottom board, top ejector sleeve is fixed on the tube bottom board, the ejector pin sets up run through in the ejector sleeve top ejector sleeve, the top pushing elastomer sets up between ejector pin and tube bottom board, top pushing elastomer pressurized energy storage, ejector pin is in most salient position under the initial condition by the effect of top pushing elastomer, when the ejector pin atress is enough to overcome the top pushing elastomer, in the ejector pin gradually contracts into top pushing sleeve, when secondary top pusher atress forward motion, the ejector pin supports on lever upwarping ware, promotes lever upwarping ware forward motion, and then impels lever roller upwarping to establish controllable wedging chamber.

Preferably, the roller lever comprises a lever body and an arc bottom wedge block, and an arc surface matched with the arc bottom of the arc bottom wedge block is arranged on the surface of the lever body, which extends into one end of the controllable wedging cavity.

Preferably, still include compression chamber adjustment mechanism, compression chamber adjustment mechanism includes two at least sprocket bases, chain, adjusting sprocket, speed governing handle device, sprocket base and adjusting sprocket pass through the chain and connect the transmission, adjusting sprocket sets up on speed governing handle device, drives adjusting sprocket through rotating adjusting handle device and rotates, and then adjusting sprocket drives sprocket base and rotates, thereby fixed mounting gyro wheel ratchet pole on the sprocket base changes the trigger position of gyro wheel ratchet pole through the rotation of sprocket base, and then changes the volumetric size of compression chamber.

Preferably, the timing mechanism further comprises a timing output system, the timing output system comprises a timing crank shaft, an arched connecting rod, a short connecting rod and a roller guide rail plate, a crank throw is arranged on the timing crank shaft, one end of the arched connecting rod is connected with the main ratchet wheel, the other end of the arched connecting rod is connected with one end of the short connecting rod, the other end of the short connecting rod is connected with the crank throw on the timing crank shaft, a toggle roller is arranged at the joint of the arched connecting rod and the short connecting rod and is constrained by a guide rail curve on the roller guide rail plate, the timing crank shaft is installed on the case, and the main ratchet wheel, the arched connecting rod, the short connecting rod.

Preferably, the timing crank shaft is provided with two crank throws, the number of the short connecting rods is two, the arch-shaped connecting rod comprises a first arch-shaped connecting rod and a second arch-shaped connecting rod, the roller guide rail plate comprises a first roller guide rail plate and a second roller guide rail plate, one end of the first arch-shaped connecting rod is connected with the main ratchet wheel on the right side, one end of the second arch-shaped connecting rod is connected with the main ratchet wheel on the left side, the other ends of the first arch-shaped connecting rod and the second arch-shaped connecting rod are respectively connected with one of the short connecting rods, and the two short connecting rods are respectively connected with the two crank throw. .

Preferably, one end of the bow link is connected to the attachment tackle of the main ratchet.

Preferably, a timing output sprocket is mounted to one end of the timing crankshaft.

Preferably, still include cam gas distribution system, cam gas distribution system dials frame, distribution sprocket, arc speed governing plate including inlet cam axle, exhaust cam axle, cam, inlet cam installs inlet cam, inlet cam axial displacement on inlet cam axle, exhaust cam is installed to the exhaust cam axle, exhaust cam axial displacement on exhaust cam axle, inlet cam and exhaust cam dial frame control through the cam and remove, the frame is dialled to the cam and is connected with arc speed governing plate, dials the frame through arc speed governing plate control cam and removes, inlet cam's prong is the gradual change formula prong, and the narrow other end in one end in prong cross-section is wide, distribution sprocket is fixed on inlet cam axle and exhaust cam axle, distribution sprocket passes through the chain with timing output sprocket and is connected the transmission.

Preferably, the convex tip of the air inlet cam is gradually widened from back to front, and the air inlet valve is closed in a delayed mode.

Preferably, the convex tip of the air inlet cam is gradually widened from back to front and right, and the air inlet valve is closed in a delayed mode.

Preferably, the exhaust cam is provided with a gradually changing convex tip, one end of the section of the convex tip is narrow, the other end of the section of the convex tip is wide, the convex tip of the exhaust cam is gradually wide from back to front, and the exhaust valve is opened in advance.

Preferably, the exhaust cam is provided with a gradually changing convex tip, one end of the section of the convex tip is narrow, the other end of the section of the convex tip is wide, the convex tip of the exhaust cam is gradually wide from back to front and left to rotate, and the exhaust valve is opened in advance.

Preferably, the phases of the intake cam and the exhaust cam correspond to strokes of the combustion chambers controlled thereby.

Preferably, the cam gas distribution system further comprises a dial frame return elastic body, the cam dial frame is connected with the dial frame return elastic body, and the dial frame return elastic body returns the cam dial frame to the initial state under the action of no external force.

Preferably, the intake cam and the exhaust cam are mounted on the intake camshaft and the exhaust camshaft by keys.

Preferably, the intake cam and the exhaust cam are mounted on the intake camshaft and the exhaust camshaft by flat keys or splines.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. the moment arm L of the torque output outwards is constantly equal to the pitch circle radius of the main gear ring of the main ratchet wheel, so that the 'crankshaft mechanism loss' in areas II and III in the background does not exist;

2. the piston of the combustion chamber has no lateral force on the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve, so that a wear gap caused by the lateral force is avoided, and the air leakage loss is greatly reduced;

3. the invention can lengthen the cylinder jacket to the cylinder jacket in which the combustion energy burns and does work outwards totally, reduce "exhaust loss", even can reach and have no "exhaust loss" theoretically;

4. according to the invention, by designing a motion control system, power is provided when the main ratchet wheel is stalled and does not finish the compression stroke, so that the main ratchet wheel finishes the compression stroke, and the combustion work is ignited;

5. by designing the compression chamber adjusting mechanism, the volume of the compression chamber can be adjusted according to working conditions, and the compression ratio is kept close to the optimal compression ratio by matching with air inflow, so that the dynamic compression ratio loss is reduced;

6. the invention meets the requirement of the combustion chamber torque output system by designing the timing output system, and accurately outputs the motion state and the timing power of the combustion chamber;

7. the invention can adjust the opening and closing time of the air inlet valve and the air exhaust valve according to the working condition by designing the cam air distribution system, thereby controlling the air inlet amount and the air exhaust and reducing the pumping loss.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial view taken from the direction A of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a partial view B-B of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a partial view of the invention taken from the direction B in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the combustor torque output system of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a partial view taken from the direction A of FIG. 5 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a partial view A-A of FIG. 5 of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a partial view of the invention taken from the direction B of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a three-dimensional view of the rack bar of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is front and left side views of the main ratchet of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a front and left side view of the attachment tackle of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a front and left side view of the clinch roller of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is front and left side elevational views of the transition gear shaft of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the controllable ratchet mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is an assembled view of a controllable gear ring and a controllable core of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a controllable core of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a controllable core body of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a controllable roller of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the assembly of the movable pin, the seat pin, and the pin elastomer of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of a controllable front end cap of the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of another perspective of a controllable front end cap according to the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a schematic view of a controllable rear end cap of the present invention;

FIG. 23 is a schematic view of a lever bracket of the present invention;

FIG. 24 is a schematic view of the roller lever of the present invention;

FIG. 25 is two views of the roller lever of the present invention;

FIG. 26 is two views of the arc bottom wedge of the present invention;

FIG. 27 is two views of a conical disk of the present invention;

FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view of the secondary ejector of the present invention;

FIG. 29 is a three view of a raised bottom fork of the present invention;

FIG. 30 is a three-dimensional view of the curved tooth ejector pin of the present invention;

FIG. 31 is a schematic view of the present invention showing the relative movement of the curved-tooth ejector pin pushing the controllable front end cap and the controllable rear end cap;

FIG. 32 is a schematic view of the ratchet mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 33 is a three view of the sprocket base of the present invention;

FIG. 34 is a two-view illustration of the roller ratchet bar of the present invention;

FIG. 35 is a schematic view of a compression chamber adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 36 is a schematic view of one of the five-bar linkage arrangements of the present invention;

FIG. 37 is a schematic view of another set of five-bar linkages according to the present invention;

FIG. 38 is two views of a timing crankshaft of the present invention;

FIG. 39 is two views of a first arcuate link of the present invention;

FIG. 40 is two views of a second arcuate link of the present invention;

FIG. 41 is a perspective view of a first roller guide plate of the present invention;

FIG. 42 is a perspective view of a second roller guide plate of the present invention;

FIG. 43 is a schematic view of the trajectory of the toggle roller of the present invention on the first roller rail plate;

FIG. 44 is a schematic view of the trajectory of the toggle roller of the present invention on the second roller rail plate;

FIG. 45 is a schematic view of a cam air distribution system of the present invention;

FIG. 46 is a three view of the intake cam of the present invention;

FIG. 47 is a three view of the exhaust cam of the present invention;

FIG. 48 is a schematic diagram of a conventional crankshaft effective torque;

in the figure: 1. a combustion chamber torque output system 2, a motion control system 3, a compression chamber adjusting mechanism 4, a timing output system 5 and a cam gas distribution system;

1-1, a case, 1-2, a cylinder sleeve, 1-3, a piston, 1-4, a rack bar, 1-5, a first main shaft, 1-6, a second main shaft, 1-7, a main ratchet wheel, 1-8, a connecting roller, 1-9, a resisting roller, 1-10, a flywheel, 1-11, a main shaft gear, 1-12, a transition gear shaft, 1-13 and a transition shaft;

1-4-1, boss;

1-7-1 parts of a main gear ring, 1-7-2 parts of a main core wheel, 1-7-1-1 parts of a pusher dog;

1-8-1, groove cutting;

2-1 parts of a differential shaft, 2-2 parts of a first differential gear, 2-3 parts of a second differential gear, 2-4 parts of an intermediate gear shaft, 2-5 parts of a reduction gear, 2-6 parts of a transition gear, 2-7 parts of a controllable ratchet device;

2-1-1, a first differential shaft, 2-1-2 and a second differential shaft;

2-7-1 parts of shifting fork restoring mechanism, 2-7-1-1 parts of top disc, 2-7-1-2 parts of top disc restoring elastomer;

2-7-2 parts of controllable ratchet mechanism, 2-7-2-1 parts of controllable gear ring, 2-7-2-2 parts of controllable core wheel, 2-7-2-3 parts of controllable front end cover, 2-7-2-4 parts of controllable rear end cover, 2-7-2-5 parts of lever bracket, 2-7-2-6 parts of roller lever, 2-7-2-7 parts of conical disc, 2-7-2-8 parts of secondary ejector, 2-7-2-9 parts of thrust bearing, 2-7-2-10 parts of convex bottom shifting fork, 2-7-2-11 parts of arc tooth ejector rod;

2-7-2-1-1, convex claw;

2-7-2-2-1, a holding groove, 2-7-2-2-2, a roller elastic body, 2-7-2-2-3, a controllable roller, 2-7-2-2-4, a seat pin, 2-7-2-2-5, a pin elastic body, 2-7-2-2-6, a movable pin, 2-7-2-2-7, a first arc-shaped long hole, 2-7-2-2-8, a second arc-shaped long hole, 2-7-2-2-3-1, a controllable shaft, 2-7-2-2-6-1 and a movable pin push rod;

2-7-2-3-1, a waist-shaped hole, 2-7-2-3-2, a splayed arc-shaped flared hole, 2-7-2-3-3 and a thrust hole;

2-7-2-6-1, a lever body, 2-7-2-6-2 and an arc bottom wedge block;

2-7-2-8-1, a top core, 2-7-2-8-2, a pushing cylinder, 2-7-2-8-3, a pushing elastomer, 2-7-2-8-4 and a cylinder bottom plate;

2-7-2-10-1, a chute, 2-7-2-10-2, a fan-shaped boss,

2-7-3-1, a chain wheel base, 2-7-3-2, a roller ratchet rod, 2-7-3-3 and a ratchet rod recovery elastic body;

3-1 parts of a chain, 3-2 parts of an adjusting chain wheel, 3-3 parts of a speed adjusting handle device;

4-1, a timing crankshaft, 4-2, a first arch connecting rod, 4-3, a second arch connecting rod, 4-4, a short connecting rod, 4-5, a timing output chain wheel, 4-6 toggle rollers, 4-7, a first roller guide rail plate, 4-8 and a second roller guide rail plate

5-1 part of air inlet camshaft 5-2 parts of air outlet camshaft 5-3 parts of cam shifting frame 5-4 parts of air distribution chain wheel 5-5 parts of shifting frame restoring elastomer 5-6 parts of arc speed regulating plate 5-1-2 parts of air inlet cam 5-2-1 parts of air outlet cam,

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.

As shown in fig. 1 to 47, a rack and pinion internal combustion engine includes a combustion chamber torque output system 1, a motion control system 2, a compression chamber adjusting mechanism 3, a timing output system 4, and a cam valve timing system 5;

the combustion chamber torque output system 1 comprises a case 1-1, two main shafts, four combustion chambers and main ratchet wheels 1-7 corresponding to the number of the combustion chambers, each combustion chamber comprises a cylinder sleeve 1-2, a piston 1-3, a rack rod 1-4 and a guide mechanism, the main shafts are named as a first main shaft 1-5 and a second main shaft 1-6 from right to left, the first main shaft 1-5 and the second main shaft 1-6 are installed on the case 1-1, the first main shaft 1-5 and the second main shaft 1-6 rotate synchronously, one end of the first main shaft 1-5 and/or the second main shaft 1-6 is provided with a flywheel 1-10, two main ratchet wheels 1-7 are installed on the first main shaft 1-5, and two main ratchet wheels 1-7 are installed on the second main shaft 1-6, two combustion chambers are arranged between a first main shaft 1-5 and a second main shaft 1-6, rack bars 1-4 of the combustion chambers are respectively and simultaneously meshed with two main ratchet wheels 1-7 positioned on the main shafts, the two combustion chambers are arranged on the other side of the first main shaft 1-5 or the second main shaft 1-6, rack bars 1-4 of the combustion chambers are respectively meshed with one main ratchet wheel 1-7 positioned on the main shafts, a guide mechanism is arranged in the motion direction of the rack bars 1-4 and used for limiting the motion of the rack bars 1-4 to prevent the rack bars 1-4 from swinging, the main ratchet wheels 1-7 positioned on the same main shaft synchronously rotate, a piston 1-3 linearly reciprocates in a cylinder sleeve 1-2, and the rack bars 1-4 are connected with the piston 1-3;

the motion control system 2 comprises a differential shaft 2-1 and a controllable ratchet device 2-7 arranged on the differential shaft 2-1, the main shaft is connected with the differential shaft 2-1 through a transmission mechanism, the controllable ratchet device 2-7 is connected with a main ratchet 1-7 through the transmission mechanism, and the motion control system 2 provides power for the main ratchet 1-7 to stop and not finish the compression stroke through the main shaft, the differential shaft 2-1 and the controllable ratchet device 2-7, so that the main ratchet 1-7 finishes the compression stroke.

The compression chamber adjusting mechanism 3 comprises two chain wheel bases 2-7-3-1, a chain 3-1, an adjusting chain wheel 3-2 and a speed adjusting handle device 3-3, the chain wheel bases 2-7-3-1 and the adjusting chain wheel 3-2 are connected and driven through the chain 3-1, the adjusting chain wheel 3-2 is arranged on the speed adjusting handle device 3-3, the adjusting chain wheel 3-2 is driven to rotate through rotating the adjusting handle device 3-3, the adjusting chain wheel 3-2 drives the chain wheel bases 2-7-3-1 to rotate, the roller ratchet rods 2-7-3-2 are fixedly arranged on the chain wheel bases 2-7-3-1, the triggering positions of the roller ratchet rods 2-7-3-2 are changed through the rotation of the chain wheel bases 2-7-3-1, thereby changing the volume of the compression chamber;

the timing output system 4 comprises a timing crankshaft 4-1, an arched connecting rod, a short connecting rod and a roller guide rail plate, wherein a crank throw is arranged on the timing crankshaft 4-1, one end of the arched connecting rod is connected with a main ratchet 1-7, the other end of the arched connecting rod is connected with one end of the short connecting rod, the other end of the short connecting rod is connected with the crank throw on the timing crankshaft 4-1, a toggle roller 4-6 is arranged at the joint of the arched connecting rod and the short connecting rod, the toggle roller 4-6 is restrained by a guide rail curve on the roller guide rail plate, the timing crankshaft 4-1 is installed on the case 1-1, and the main ratchet 1-7, the arched connecting rod, the short connecting rod and the timing crankshaft 4-1 form;

the cam gas distribution system 5 comprises an air inlet cam shaft 5-1, an exhaust cam shaft 5-2, a cam shifting frame 5-3, a gas distribution chain wheel 5-4 and an arc-shaped speed regulation plate 5-6, wherein the air inlet cam shaft 5-1-2 is provided with the air inlet cam 5-1-2, the air inlet cam 5-1-2 axially moves on the air inlet cam shaft 5-1, the exhaust cam shaft 5-2-1 is provided with the exhaust cam 5-2-1, the exhaust cam 5-2-1 axially moves on the exhaust cam shaft 5-2, the air inlet cam 5-1-2 and the exhaust cam 5-2-1 move under the control of the cam shifting frame 5-3, and the cam shifting frame 5-3 is connected with the arc-shaped speed regulation plate 5-6, the arc speed regulation plate 5-6 is used for controlling the cam shifting frame 5-3 to move, the convex tip of the air inlet cam 5-1-2 is a gradual-changing convex tip, one end of the section of the convex tip is narrow, the other end of the section of the convex tip is wide, the air distribution chain wheel 5-4 is fixed on the air inlet cam shaft 5-1 and the exhaust cam shaft 5-2, and the air distribution chain wheel and the timing output chain wheel are connected and driven through a chain. In a preferred embodiment, the first main shaft 1-5 and the second main shaft 1-6 are provided with main gears 1-11 at the same end, and the two main gears 1-11 are engaged and synchronously rotated by transition gear shafts 1-12 arranged on the machine case 1-1.

As a preferred embodiment, the combustion chamber torque output system 1 further comprises linkage rumbles 1-8, and the main ratchets 1-7 on the same main shaft are connected and synchronously rotated through the linkage rumbles 1-8.

As a preferred embodiment, the guide mechanism comprises a boss 1-4-1 and a tightening roller 1-9, the boss 1-4-1 is arranged in the length direction of the rack bar 1-4, the tightening roller 1-9 is arranged on a main shaft or a transition shaft 1-13, the transition shaft 1-13 is arranged on one side of the first main shaft 1-5 or the second main shaft 1-6, and two combustion chambers are arranged between the first main shaft 1-5 or the second main shaft 1-6 and the transition shaft 1-13.

In a preferred embodiment, the main ratchets 1-7 are wedged in the same direction.

In a preferred embodiment, the number of teeth of the main ratchet wheels 1-7 is the same as the number of teeth of the main gear wheels 1-11.

As a preferred embodiment, the main ratchet wheel 1-7 comprises a main gear ring 1-7-1 and a main core wheel 1-7-2, a pusher dog 1-7-1 is arranged on the main gear ring 1-7-1, a notch 1-8-1 is arranged on the connecting reel 1-8, and the pusher dog 1-7-1 is embedded with the notch 1-8-1, so that the main ratchet wheels 1-7 on the same main shaft are connected and synchronously rotated through the connecting reels 1-8.

In a preferred embodiment, the rack bar 1-4 is hinged to the piston 1-3.

As a preferred embodiment, the spindle is two pieces; the number of the combustion chambers is four, and the four combustion chambers are arranged on the side edges of the two main shafts in a matrix manner; or the number of the combustion chambers is five, three combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and two combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of the other main shaft; or the number of the combustion chambers is six, and the side edges of the two main shafts are respectively provided with three combustion chambers; or the number of the combustion chambers is six, two combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and four combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of the other main shaft; or the number of the combustion chambers is seven, two combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and five combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of the other main shaft; or the number of the combustion chambers is seven, three combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and four combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of the other main shaft; or eight combustion chambers are arranged, wherein two combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and six combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of the other main shaft; or eight combustion chambers are arranged, wherein three combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and five combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of the other main shaft; or the number of the combustion chambers is eight, and the side edges of the two main shafts are respectively provided with four combustion chambers.

As a preferred embodiment, the spindle is three pieces; the number of the combustion chambers is five, wherein two combustion chambers are respectively arranged on the side edges of two main shafts, and one combustion chamber is arranged on the side edge of one main shaft; the number of the combustion chambers is six, and two combustion chambers are respectively arranged on the side edges of the three main shafts; or the number of the combustion chambers is six, three combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, two combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and one combustion chamber is arranged on the side edge of one main shaft; or the number of the combustion chambers is seven, wherein four combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, two combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and one combustion chamber is arranged on the side edge of one main shaft; or the number of the combustion chambers is seven, wherein the side edges of two main shafts are respectively provided with three combustion chambers, and the side edge of one main shaft is provided with one combustion chamber; or the number of the combustion chambers is seven, three combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and two combustion chambers are respectively arranged on the side edges of the other two main shafts; or the number of the combustion chambers is eight, five combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, two combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and one combustion chamber is arranged on the side edge of one main shaft; or the number of the combustion chambers is eight, four combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, three combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and one combustion chamber is arranged on the side edge of one main shaft; or the number of the combustion chambers is eight, four combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and two combustion chambers are respectively arranged on the side edges of the other two main shafts; or eight combustion chambers are arranged, wherein three combustion chambers are respectively arranged on the side edges of two main shafts, and two combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of the other main shaft.

As a preferred embodiment, the spindle is four pieces; the number of the combustion chambers is six, wherein two combustion chambers are respectively arranged on the side edges of two main shafts, and one combustion chamber is respectively arranged on the side edges of the other two main shafts; or the number of the combustion chambers is seven, three combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, two combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and one combustion chamber is respectively arranged on the side edges of the other two main shafts; or the number of the combustion chambers is seven, wherein two combustion chambers are respectively arranged on the side edges of three main shafts, and one combustion chamber is arranged on the side edge of the other main shaft; or the number of the combustion chambers is eight, four combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, two combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, and one combustion chamber is respectively arranged on the side edges of the other two main shafts; or the number of the combustion chambers is eight, wherein the side edges of two main shafts are respectively provided with three combustion chambers, and the side edges of the other two main shafts are respectively provided with one combustion chamber; or the number of the combustion chambers is eight, three combustion chambers are arranged on the side edge of one main shaft, two combustion chambers are respectively arranged on the side surfaces of the two main shafts, and one combustion chamber is arranged on the side edge of the other main shaft; or the number of the combustion chambers is eight, and the side edges of the four main shafts are respectively provided with two combustion chambers.

As a preferred embodiment, the pistons 1-3 are devoid of the skirt of a conventional piston.

As a preferred embodiment, the first main shaft 1-5 is connected to a first differential gear 2-2 installed on a first differential shaft 2-1-1 through an intermediate gear shaft 2-4 to transmit the power of the main shaft to the first differential shaft 2-1-1, and the second main shaft 1-6 is connected to a second differential gear 2-3 installed on a second differential shaft 2-1-2 through a reduction gear 2-5 to transmit the power of the main shaft to the second differential shaft 2-1-2.

As a preferred embodiment, the controllable ratchet device 2-7 comprises a controllable ratchet mechanism 2-7-2, the controllable ratchet mechanism 2-7-2 comprises a controllable gear ring 2-7-2-1 and a controllable core wheel 2-7-2-2, the controllable core wheel 2-7-2-2 is installed on a differential speed shaft 2-1, and the controllable gear ring 2-7-2-1 is meshed with a main gear ring 1-7-1 of a main ratchet 1-7 through a transition gear 2-6.

As a preferred embodiment, the controllable ratchet mechanism 2-7-2 further comprises a roller limiting seat and a wedging cavity control mechanism, the controllable core wheel 2-7-2-2 comprises a controllable roller 2-7-2-3 and a roller elastic body 2-7-2-2-2, the controllable core wheel 2-7-2-2 is provided with an accommodating groove 2-7-2-2-1 at the position of the wedging cavity of the controllable roller 2-7-2-2-3, and two ends of the controllable roller 2-7-2-2-3 are provided with a controllable shaft 2-7-2-2-3-1;

the wedge-caulking cavity control mechanism comprises a lever bracket 2-7-2-5, a roller lever 2-7-2-6 and a lever upwarp device, wherein the roller lever 2-7-2-6 is installed on the lever bracket 2-7-2-5, one end of the roller lever 2-7-2-6 is located in the accommodating groove 2-7-2-2-1 and used for establishing a controllable wedge-caulking cavity, and the lever upwarp device is located at the other end of the roller lever 2-7-2-6 and used for exerting upwarp force on the roller lever 2-7-2-6;

the roller limiting seats are arranged at the front end and the rear end of the controllable core wheel 2-7-2-2, kidney-shaped holes 2-7-2-3-1 are arranged on the roller limiting seats, the controllable shaft 2-7-2-2-3-1 is in clearance fit with the kidney-shaped holes 2-7-2-3-1, the controllable shaft 2-7-2-2-3-1 is controlled by the kidney-shaped holes 2-7-2-3-1 to move in the kidney-shaped holes 2-7-2-3-1, and the kidney-shaped holes 2-7-2-3-1 control the controllable shaft 2-7-2-2-3-1 to enable the controllable roller 2-7-2-3 to be in a wedging position or a wedge-off position Placing;

when the roller lever 2-7-2-6 is stressed to be tilted to establish a controllable wedging cavity, and the waist-shaped hole 2-7-2-3-1 controls the controllable shaft 2-7-2-2-3-1 to enable the controllable roller 2-7-2-2-3 to be in a wedging position, the controllable roller 2-7-2-2-3 can play a wedging role.

In a preferred embodiment, the lever lifter is a conical disc 2-7-2-7, one end of the roller lever 2-7-2-6, which is located at the conical disc 2-7-2-7, is provided with a roller, the roller moves on a conical surface of the inner wall of the conical disc 2-7-2-7, and the roller lever 2-7-2-6 is forced to lift by applying an axial thrust to the conical disc 2-7-2-7 to establish a controllable wedging cavity.

As a preferred embodiment, the roller limiting seat comprises a controllable front end cover 2-7-2-3 and a controllable rear end cover 2-7-2-4, the waist-shaped hole 2-7-2-3-1 is arranged at the symmetrical position of the controllable front end cover 2-7-2-3 and the controllable rear end cover 2-7-2-4, the controllable front end cover 2-7-2-3 and the controllable rear end cover 2-7-2-4 are sleeved on the hub of the controllable core wheel 2-7-2-2 and can rotate on the hub, the controllable front end cover 2-7-2-3 and the controllable rear end cover 2-7-2-4 are controlled by a locking mechanism and an unlocking mechanism to rotate relative to the hub of the controllable core wheel 2-7-2-2, thereby promoting the kidney-shaped hole 2-7-2-3-1 to control the position of the controllable roller 2-7-2-2-3.

As a preferable embodiment, the locking mechanism comprises a base pin 2-7-2-2-4, a pin elastic body 2-7-2-2-5 and a movable pin 2-7-2-2-6, the pin elastic body 2-7-2-2-5 is arranged between the base pin 2-7-2-2-4 and the movable pin 2-7-2-2-6 and is in a pressed state, the base pin 2-7-2-2-4 is fixed in a first arc long hole 2-7-2-2-7 arranged on a controllable core wheel 2-7-2-2, two ends of the movable pin 2-7-2-2-6 are provided with movable pin push rods 2-7-2-2-6-1, the movable pin push rod 2-7-2-2-6-1 is matched with a thrust hole 2-7-2-3-3 arranged on the controllable front end cover 2-7-2-3 and the controllable rear end cover 2-7-2-4, and under the action of the pin elastic body 2-7-2-2-5, the movable pin 2-7-2-6 pushes the controllable front end cover 2-7-2-3 and the controllable rear end cover 2-7-2-4 to synchronously rotate towards one direction.

As a preferred embodiment, the unlocking mechanism comprises an arc-tooth top push rod 2-7-2-11, the controllable front end cover 2-7-2-3 and the controllable rear end cover 2-7-2-4 are provided with a splay arc flared hole 2-7-2-3-2 matched with the arc-tooth top push rod 2-7-2-11, the arc-tooth top push rod 2-7-2-11 is attached to one side surface of the splay arc flared hole 2-7-2-3-2 by pushing the arc-tooth top push rod 2-7-2-11, and the side surface of the arc-tooth top push rod 2-7-2-11 is pushed to extrude the splay arc flared hole 2-7-2-3-2-11 by continuously pushing the arc-tooth top push rod 2-7-2-11 The controllable front end cover 2-7-2-3 and the controllable rear end cover 2-7-2-4 are forced to act as a movable pin 2-7-2-2-6 for compressing the pin elastic body 2-7-2-2-5 of the locking mechanism to synchronously rotate, the arc tooth push rod 2-7-2-11 penetrates through a second arc long hole 2-7-2-2-8 formed in the controllable core wheel 2-7-2-2, and the second arc long hole 2-7-2-8 limits the arc tooth push rod 2-7-2-11 to only move along the axial direction.

As a preferable embodiment, the controllable ratchet device 2-7 further comprises a ratchet control mechanism, the ratchet control mechanism comprises a convex bottom shifting fork 2-7-2-10, a shifting fork return mechanism 2-7-1 and a ratchet rod mechanism 2-7-3, one end of the controllable gear ring 2-7-2-1 is provided with a convex claw 2-7-2-1-1, the fork tip of the convex bottom shifting fork 2-7-2-10 is provided with a sliding groove 2-7-2-10-1 clamped with the convex claw, the sliding groove slides on the convex claw, the convex bottom shifting fork 2-7-2-10 slides relative to the controllable gear ring 2-7-2-1 along the axial direction and rotates along with the controllable gear ring 2-7-2-1, the bottom of the convex-bottom shifting fork 2-7-2-10 is provided with a fan-shaped boss 2-7-2-10-2, the two sides of which are inclined planes, the ratchet rod mechanism 2-7-3 comprises a chain wheel base 2-7-3-1, a roller ratchet rod 2-7-3-2 and a ratchet rod return elastic body 2-7-3-3, the roller ratchet rod 2-7-3-2 is L-shaped, the corner of the L-shaped roller ratchet rod 2-7-3-2 is hinged with the chain wheel base 2-7-3-1, the top end of the vertical rod of the L-shaped roller ratchet rod 2-7-3-2 is provided with a roller, and the roller is abutted against the bottom plane of the convex-bottom shifting fork 2-7-2-10; when the convex bottom shifting fork 2-7-2-10 rotates clockwise, the L-shaped roller ratchet rod 2-7-3-2 enters the fan-shaped boss 2-7-2-10-2 from the left side upslope, the L-shaped roller ratchet rod 2-7-3-2 is kept in a standing state under the action of a cross rod, so that the L-shaped roller ratchet rod 2-7-3-2 pushes the convex bottom shifting fork 2-7-2-10 to move forwards, and the shifting fork return mechanism 2-7-1 returns the convex bottom shifting fork 2-7-2-10 to a non-pushed state under the action of the ratchet rod mechanism 2-7-3; when the convex bottom shifting fork 2-7-2-10 rotates anticlockwise, the L-shaped roller ratchet rod 2-7-3-2 enters the fan-shaped boss 2-7-2-10-2 from the right side to the upper slope, the L-shaped roller ratchet rod 2-7-3-2 is kept in a pushing-down state under the action of the inclined component force of the fan-shaped boss 2-7-2-10-2, the convex bottom shifting fork 2-7-2-10 is not pushed to move forwards, and when the roller passes the lower slope, the ratchet rod returns to the elastic body 2-7-3-3, so that the L-shaped roller ratchet rod 2-7-3-2 returns to a standing state.

As a preferred embodiment, the fork return mechanism 2-7-1 comprises two top discs 2-7-1-1 arranged oppositely and a top disc return elastic body 2-7-1-2 arranged between the two top discs 2-7-1-1.

As a preferable embodiment, the controllable ratchet device 2-7 further comprises a thrust bearing 2-7-2-9, and the thrust bearing 2-7-2-9 is arranged between the bottom-of-convex fork 2-7-2-10 and the lever lifter, so that the bottom-of-convex fork 2-7-2-10 does not influence the relative rotation between the bottom-of-convex fork 2-7-2-10 and the lever lifter while pushing the lever lifter.

As a preferred embodiment, the controllable ratchet device 2-7 further comprises a secondary ejector 2-7-2-8, the secondary ejector 2-7-2-8 is arranged between the thrust bearing 2-7-2-9 and the lever lifter, the secondary ejector 2-7-2-8 comprises an ejector core 2-7-2-8-1, an ejector sleeve 2-7-2-8-2, an ejector elastic body 2-7-2-8-3 and a sleeve bottom plate 2-7-2-8-4, the ejector sleeve 2-7-2-8-2 is fixed on the sleeve bottom plate 2-7-2-8-4, and the ejector core 2-7-2-8-1 is arranged on the ejector sleeve 2-7-2-8-4 8-2 penetrates through the ejection cylinder 2-7-2-8-2, the ejection elastic body 2-7-2-8-3 is arranged between the top core 2-7-2-8-1 and the cylinder bottom plate 2-7-2-8-4, the ejection elastic body 2-7-2-8-3 is pressed to store energy, the top core 2-7-2-8-1 is positioned at the most protruding position under the action of the ejection elastic body 2-7-2-8-3 in the initial state, the top core 2-7-2-8-1 is abutted against the lever lifter, the ejection cylinder (2-7-2-8-2) is abutted against the cylindrical boss end face at the rear end of the arc tooth ejection push rod 2-7-2-11, the secondary pushing device 2-7-2-8 is stressed forwards to push the lever lifter, the arc tooth pushing rod 2-7-2-11 moves forwards until the roller lever 2-7-2-6 is tilted to establish a controllable wedging cavity, the lever lifter is blocked by the lever bracket 2-7-2-5, the controllable wedging cavity is fixed, then the secondary pushing device continues to move forwards, the top core 2-7-2-8-1 is gradually retracted into the pushing cylinder 2-7-2-8-2, the secondary pushing device 2-7-2-8 is not blocked to push the arc tooth pushing rod 2-7-2-11 to push and rotate the controllable front end cover 2-7-2-3 and the controllable rear end cover 2-7-2-4 to 'put' the controllable roller 2-7-2-3 into a 'wedging' position, and a complete controllable wedging cavity is established.

As a preferable embodiment, the roller lever 2-7-2-6 comprises a lever body 2-7-2-6-1 and an arc bottom wedge block 2-7-2-6-2, wherein the lever body 2-7-2-6-1 extends into one end of the controllable wedging cavity and is provided with an arc surface matched with the arc bottom of the arc bottom wedge block 2-7-2-6-2.

As a preferred embodiment, the 1# and 2# combustion chambers positioned at the right side in the figure 1 are taken as the first row, the 3# and 4# combustion chambers on the left side in fig. 1, the timing crankshaft 4-1 is provided with two throws, the number of the short connecting rods is two, the arched connecting rods comprise a first arched connecting rod 4-2 and a second arched connecting rod 4-3, the roller guide rail plate comprises a first roller guide rail plate 4-7 and a second roller guide rail plate 4-8, one end of the first bow-shaped connecting rod 4-2 is connected with a main ratchet 1-7 of the combustion chamber No. 1, one end of the second bow-shaped connecting rod 4-3 is connected with a main ratchet 1-7 of a No. 3 combustion chamber, the other ends of the first bow-shaped connecting rod 4-2 and the second bow-shaped connecting rod 4-3 are respectively connected with one short connecting rod 4-4, and the two short connecting rods 4-4 are respectively connected with two cranks of the timing crankshaft 4-1. .

As a preferred embodiment, one end of the arcuate linkage is attached to the attachment tackle 1-8 of the main ratchet 1-7.

In a preferred embodiment, a timing output sprocket 4-5 is mounted to one end of the timing crankshaft 4-1.

In a preferred embodiment, the convex tip of the air inlet cam 5-1-2 is gradually widened from back to front, and the air inlet valve is closed in a delayed mode.

In a preferred embodiment, the convex tip of the air inlet cam 5-1-2 is gradually widened from back to front and right, and the air inlet valve is closed in a delayed mode.

In a preferred embodiment, the convex tip of the exhaust cam 5-2-1 is a gradual-changing convex tip, one end of the section of the convex tip is narrow, the other end of the section of the convex tip is wide, the convex tip of the exhaust cam 5-2-1 is gradually wide from back to front, and the exhaust valve is opened in advance.

In a preferred embodiment, the convex tip of the exhaust cam 5-2-1 is a gradual-changing convex tip, one end of the section of the convex tip is narrow, the other end of the section of the convex tip is wide, the convex tip of the exhaust cam 5-2-1 is gradually wide from back to front and left, and the exhaust valve is opened in advance.

As a preferred embodiment, the phases of the intake cam 5-1-2 and the exhaust cam 5-2-1 correspond to the strokes of the combustion chambers that they control.

As a preferred embodiment, the cam air distribution system further comprises a dial frame return elastic body 5-5, the cam dial frame 5-3 is connected with the dial frame return elastic body 5-5, and the dial frame return elastic body 5-5 returns the cam dial frame 5-3 to an initial state when no external force acts.

As a preferred embodiment, the intake cam 5-1-2 and the exhaust cam 5-2-1 are mounted on the intake camshaft 5-1 and the exhaust camshaft 5-2 by keys.

As a preferred embodiment, the intake cam 5-1-2 and the exhaust cam 5-2-1 are mounted on the intake camshaft 5-1 and the exhaust camshaft 5-2 by flat keys or splines.

The operation principle of the present invention will be described with reference to the 1# and 2# combustion chambers located on the right side in fig. 1 as the first row and the 3# and 4# combustion chambers located on the left side in fig. 1 as the second row:

combustion chamber torque output system

Firstly, when the piston of a first row of combustion chambers runs to a top dead center, a 1# combustion chamber completes a compression stroke, the 1# combustion chamber is ignited to downwards perform a combustion work doing stroke, a coaxial 2# combustion chamber performs an air suction stroke, under the action of combustion gas, the piston and a rack rod of a 1# cylinder downwards run to drive a 1# main gear ring 1-7-1 meshed with the 1# combustion chamber to clockwise rotate, a 1# main ratchet 1-7 is in a wedging state, and a first main shaft is wedged tightly to clockwise rotate and outwards output torque; the second main shaft 1-6 rotates clockwise under the transmission of the two main shaft gears 1-11 and the transition gear shafts 1-12, and the 3# and 4# main gear rings 1-7-1 rotate anticlockwise, so that the 3# and 4# main ratchet wheels 1-7 are in a wedge-off state, do not interfere the upward operation of the 3# and 4# combustion chambers and respectively perform compression and exhaust strokes;

in the second step, when the combustion chamber of the second bank is moving up to top dead center, the # 3 combustion chamber has completed the "compression" stroke, the # 3 combustion chamber is ignited and undergoes a "combustion power" stroke in a downward direction, the coaxial # 4 combustion chamber undergoes an "intake" stroke, under the action of combustion gas, the piston and the rack bar of the 3# cylinder move downwards, the 3# and 4# main ratchet wheels 1-7 are changed from a wedge-out state to a wedge-in state to drive the 3# main gear ring 1-7-1 meshed with the wedge-out state to rotate clockwise, the second main shaft is wedged to rotate clockwise to output torque outwards, the 1# and 2# combustion chambers move upwards to respectively perform 'exhaust' and 'compression' strokes, the main ratchet wheels 1# and 2# are in a wedge-off state because the main gear ring 1-7-1 rotates anticlockwise, so that the clockwise rotation and the torque output of the two main shafts are free from obstacles;

thirdly, when the pistons of the first row of combustion chambers run to the top dead center and the two combustion chambers of the second row run downwards to the bottom dead center, the 2# combustion chamber completes the compression stroke, the 2# combustion chamber is ignited to perform the combustion work doing stroke downwards, the coaxial 1# combustion chamber performs the suction stroke, the 3# combustion chamber and the 4# combustion chamber run upwards to perform the exhaust stroke and the compression stroke respectively, and the whole process is the same as the first step and only the strokes of the combustion chambers in the same row are exchanged;

fourthly, when the piston of the first row of combustion chambers runs to a bottom dead center and the two combustion chambers of the second row run to a top dead center, the 4# combustion chamber completes a compression stroke, the 4# combustion chamber is ignited to perform a combustion work doing stroke downwards, the coaxial 3# combustion chamber performs an air suction stroke, the 1# combustion chamber and the 2# combustion chamber run upwards to perform compression strokes and exhaust strokes respectively, and the whole process is like the second step and only the strokes of the combustion chambers in the same row are exchanged; and after the fourth step of operation is finished, the first step of operation is restarted, the combustion chamber torque output system is operated again according to the fourth step, and the torque is output outwards repeatedly and circularly.

Motion control system

When the cylinder sleeve is lengthened to the extent that the combustion energy in the cylinder sleeve is totally combusted outwards to do work in order to reduce the exhaust loss, the combustion chamber torque output system 1 works, the combustion chamber which generates power by 'combustion work' stops due to the opposite impact of the pressure of the other row of compression combustion chambers, so that the 'stall' of the main ratchet wheel is not finished by the 'compression' stroke, two sets of controllable ratchet wheel mechanisms 2-7 of the motion control system 2 timely and jointly control the combustion chamber to help the combustion chamber to finish each stroke, the whole process is finished by triggering various states of two sets of controllable ratchet wheels 2-7-2 by two sets of ratchet rod mechanisms 2-7-3, the two sets of controllable ratchet wheels 2-7-2 rotate back and forth in opposite directions, and the two sets of roller ratchet rods 2-7-3-2 relatively 'run' at the position of the bottom stroke of the convex bottom shifting fork 2-7-10, wherein the position list is as follows: (assume No. 1 combustion chamber starts to burn to do work)

Compression chamber adjusting mechanism

The speed regulation handle device is pulled, the regulation chain wheel drives the chain to transmit to the two chain wheel bases, so that the chain wheel bases rotate, the rotation of the chain wheel bases changes the position of the roller ratchet rod entering the downward shifting inclined plane, so that the turning time of each combustion chamber is changed, when the speed of the engine needs to be increased, the speed regulation handle device is pulled, the roller ratchet rod enters the downward shifting inclined plane earlier, the turning time of each combustion chamber is advanced, and thus each compression chamber is enlarged and can contain more fuel gas to perform combustion; on the contrary, when the engine is in a small-load idling state, the speed regulation handle device is reversely pulled, so that the roller ratchet rod is driven into the lower pulling inclined plane later, the direction change time of each combustion chamber is delayed, each compression chamber is reduced, less fuel gas is contained to perform combustion work, the compression ratio is kept close to the optimal compression ratio, and the compression ratio loss is reduced.

Timing output system

The method comprises the following steps: when a piston of a first row of combustion chambers (1# combustion chamber) ascends from a bottom dead center, a 1# main gear ring and a connecting roller connected with the main gear ring rotate anticlockwise to drive a first arched connecting rod and a short connecting rod to push a crank throw of a timing crankshaft to rotate anticlockwise, a toggle roller ensures the correct operation of the first arched connecting rod and the short connecting rod under the constraint of a first guide rail plate, and the timing crankshaft uniformly rotates for 180 degrees;

step two: then, the two main gear rings are reversed, the toggle roller is separated from the first guide rail plate and is unrestrained to gradually return to the initial position, meanwhile, the second row of cylinders goes upwards, the 3# main gear ring and a connecting roller connected with the main gear ring rotate anticlockwise, the second bow-shaped connecting rod and the short connecting rod are driven to push the crank throw of the timing crank shaft to rotate anticlockwise, the toggle roller guarantees the correct operation of the second bow-shaped connecting rod and the short connecting rod under the constraint of the second guide rail plate, and the timing crank shaft uniformly rotates for 180 degrees; and then reversing again, and enabling the toggle roller to be disengaged from the second guide rail plate and gradually return to the initial position without constraint, and simultaneously repeating the step one in the first row and the step.

The timing crank shaft is pushed by two sets of five-link mechanisms to rotate continuously and uniformly, and outputs accurate timing power outwards just like a bicycle driven by pedaling with two legs of a bicycle.

The first arch connecting rod and the second arch connecting rod are designed into arches, interference damage to a timing system caused by sudden stopping of reversing when the combustion chamber runs to the top dead center and the bottom dead center can be effectively prevented, the timing output system can continue to rotate due to inertia at the moment of stopping, at the moment, the first arch connecting rod and the second arch connecting rod can be pulled to elastically deform, accordingly, the damage caused by sudden stopping of reversing is eliminated, and then after the combustion chamber runs normally, the first arch connecting rod and the second arch connecting rod can restore to a normal state under the action of elastic force.

Cam gas distribution system

When a combustion chamber torque output system is in a small load or idling state, the cam shifting frame is pushed down to the rearmost position by the pushing of the shifting frame returning elastic body, the opening and closing of each valve are controlled by the maximum cross section of each air inlet cam and each air exhaust cam, and the convex tips of each air inlet cam and each air exhaust cam are widest;

the air inlet valve is closed in a delayed manner after being opened during air inlet, namely the air inlet valve is closed after the piston sucks air downwards and passes through the bottom dead center and is still prolonged for a period of time, the piston is enabled to ascend for a certain distance to send the fuel gas sucked into the combustion chamber back into the air inlet pipeline through the air inlet valve, so that the fuel gas is matched with a small amount of fuel gas in a small compression chamber in a small load of a combustion system, and the compression ratio is still kept close to the optimal compression ratio in the small load;

when exhausting, because of the little load enters the combustion chamber the gas is few, can export the journey of doing work and shorten, namely in the cylinder jacket lengthened, when the piston travels to the back end, the combustion pressure in the cylinder is not enough, continue to descend and can cause the negative pressure, namely the pressure in the cylinder is less than the atmospheric pressure of environment and produces "little load energy loss", the convex point that the exhaust cam left-hand motion direction has expanded can let the exhaust valve open in advance, namely the piston does not reach the bottom dead center exhaust valve and is opened, make the pressure in the cylinder communicate with atmospheric pressure through the exhaust valve, avoid causing "little load energy loss";

secondly, when the torque output system of the combustion chamber needs to increase the speed or increase the load, the handle of the speed regulation handle device is pulled, because the speed regulation handle device is linked with the arc speed regulation plate, on one hand, the combustion system enlarges the compression chamber, on the other hand, the arc speed regulation plate is pulled, the arc lift at the front end of the speed regulation plate extrudes the cam dial frame to move forward to drive the air inlet cam and the air outlet cam to move forward, the cross section of the cam acted on each air valve is reduced, namely the convex tip is narrowed, the air inlet valve is closed in advance when the load is smaller than before, the gas pushed back into the pipeline is reduced, the gas left in the combustion chamber is increased, the gas is coordinately increased by matching with the compression chamber, the compression ratio is kept close to the optimal compression ratio in the whole variable load process, meanwhile, the exhaust valve is also narrowed due to the change of the cross section, the convex tip, the advance time for, reduce "exhaust losses";

when the combustion system is in the maximum load, each air inlet cam and each exhaust cam are retreated to the extreme position, each air valve is controlled by the minimum cross section, the convex tip of the minimum cross section of the air inlet cam is wider than that of the traditional convex tip, the widened convex tip can send back more sucked fuel gas after the cylinder sleeve is lengthened to the air inlet pipeline, and the energy in the cylinder is exhausted after the piston reaches the extreme position of the bottom dead center at the maximum load, and no redundant energy is discharged after the exhaust valve is opened, so that the exhaust loss of the IV area in the technical background does not exist.

As the compression chamber adjusting mechanism is in linkage fit with the cam gas distribution system, the dynamic compression chambers are matched with the cam gas distribution system due to the paired air inflow in the whole speed adjusting range of the engine and always keep close to the optimal compression ratio, and the torque output system of the combustion chamber is always used for naturally sucking and exhausting without throttling, so that the dynamic compression ratio loss and the pumping loss are not generated.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A rack bar ratchet internal combustion engine is characterized by comprising a combustion chamber torque output system (1) and a motion control system (2);

the combustion chamber torque output system (1) comprises a case (1-1), at least two main shafts, at least four combustion chambers and main ratchet wheels (1-7) corresponding to the number of the combustion chambers, each combustion chamber comprises a cylinder sleeve (1-2), a piston (1-3), a rack rod (1-4) and a guide mechanism, the main shafts are named as a first main shaft (1-5) and a second main shaft (1-6) from right to left, the first main shaft (1-5) and the second main shaft (1-6) are installed on the case (1-1), the first main shaft (1-5) and the second main shaft (1-6) rotate synchronously, one end of the first main shaft (1-5) and/or one end of the second main shaft (1-6) are/is provided with a flywheel (1-10), at least two main ratchet wheels (1-7) are installed on the first main shaft (1-5), and at least two main ratchet wheels (1-7) are installed on the first main shaft ( The ratchet wheels (1-7) are arranged on the second main shaft (1-6), at least two combustion chambers are arranged between the first main shaft (1-5) and the second main shaft (1-6), the rack rods (1-4) of the combustion chambers are respectively and simultaneously meshed with the two main ratchet wheels (1-7) positioned on the main shafts, at least two combustion chambers are arranged on the other side of the first main shaft (1-5) or the second main shaft (1-6), the rack rods (1-4) of the combustion chambers are respectively meshed with one main ratchet wheel (1-7) positioned on the main shafts, the guide mechanism is arranged in the movement direction of the rack rods (1-4) and used for limiting the movement of the rack rods (1-4) to prevent the rack rods (1-4) from deflecting, the main ratchet wheels (1-7) positioned on the same main shaft synchronously rotate, the piston (1-3) makes linear reciprocating motion in the cylinder sleeve (1-2), and the rack bar (1-4) is connected with the piston (1-3);

the motion control system (2) comprises a differential shaft (2-1) and a controllable ratchet device (2-7) arranged on the differential shaft (2-1), the main shaft is connected with the differential shaft (2-1) through a transmission mechanism, the controllable ratchet device (2-7) is connected with a main ratchet (1-7) through the transmission mechanism, and the motion control system (2) provides power for the main ratchet (1-7) to stop and not finish the compression stroke through the main shaft, the differential shaft (2-1) and the controllable ratchet device (2-7), so that the main ratchet (1-7) finishes the compression stroke.

2. A rack and pinion internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the first main shaft (1-5) and the second main shaft (1-6) are provided with a main gear (1-11) at the same end, and the two main gears (1-11) are engaged and rotated synchronously by a transition gear shaft (1-12) provided on the casing (1-1).

3. The rack and pinion internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber torque output system (1) further comprises a linkage rumble (1-8), and the main ratchets (1-7) on the same main shaft are connected and rotated synchronously through the linkage rumble (1-8).

4. The rack and pinion internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide mechanism comprises a boss (1-4-1) and a tightening roller (1-9), the boss (1-4-1) is arranged in the length direction of the rack bar (1-4), the tightening roller (1-9) is arranged on a main shaft or a transition shaft (1-13), the transition shaft (1-13) is arranged on one side of the first main shaft (1-5) or the second main shaft (1-6) and satisfies that at least two combustion chambers are arranged between the first main shaft (1-5) or the second main shaft (1-6) and the transition shaft (1-13).

5. The rack and pinion internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the main ratchet wheel (1-7) comprises a main gear ring (1-7-1) and a main core wheel (1-7-2), a pusher dog (1-7-1-1) is arranged on the main gear ring (1-7-1), a notch (1-8-1) is arranged on the connection reel (1-8), and the pusher dog (1-7-1-1) is embedded with the notch (1-8-1), so that the main ratchet wheels (1-7) on the same main shaft are connected and synchronously rotated through the connection reel (1-8).

6. A rack and pinion internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the first main shaft (1-5) is connected to a first differential gear (2-2) mounted on a first differential shaft (2-1-1) via an intermediate gear shaft (2-4) for transmitting the power of the main shaft to the first differential shaft (2-1-1), and the second main shaft (1-6) is connected to a second differential gear (2-3) mounted on a second differential shaft (2-1-2) via a reduction gear (2-5) for transmitting the power of the main shaft to the second differential shaft (2-1-2).

7. A rack and pinion internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the controllable ratchet device (2-7) comprises a controllable ratchet mechanism (2-7-2), the controllable ratchet mechanism (2-7-2) comprises a controllable gear ring (2-7-2-1) and a controllable core wheel (2-7-2-2), the controllable core wheel (2-7-2-2) is mounted on a differential shaft (2-1), and the controllable gear ring (2-7-2-1) is connected with a main gear ring (1-7-1) of a main ratchet (1-7) through a transmission mechanism.

8. The rack bar ratchet internal combustion engine according to claim 7, wherein the controllable ratchet mechanism (2-7-2) further comprises a roller limiting seat, a wedging chamber control mechanism, the controllable core wheel (2-7-2-2) comprises a controllable roller (2-7-2-2-3) and a roller elastic body (2-7-2-2-2), the controllable core wheel (2-7-2-2) is provided with an accommodating groove (2-7-2-2-1) at the wedging cavity position of the controllable roller (2-7-2-2-3), and two ends of the controllable roller (2-7-2-2-3) are provided with a controllable shaft (2-7-2-2-3-1);

the wedge tight cavity control mechanism comprises a lever bracket (2-7-2-5), a roller lever (2-7-2-6) and a lever upwarp device, wherein the roller lever (2-7-2-6) is installed on the lever bracket (2-7-2-5), one end of the roller lever (2-7-2-6) is located in the accommodating groove (2-7-2-2-1) and used for establishing a controllable wedge tight cavity, and the lever upwarp device is located at the other end of the roller lever (2-7-2-6) and used for exerting upwarp force on the roller lever (2-7-2-6);

the roller limiting seats are arranged at the front end and the rear end of the controllable core wheel (2-7-2-2), kidney-shaped holes (2-7-2-3-1) are arranged on the roller limiting seats, the controllable shaft (2-7-2-2-3-1) is in clearance fit with the kidney-shaped holes (2-7-2-3-1), the controllable shaft (2-7-2-2-3-1) is controlled by the kidney-shaped holes (2-7-2-3-1) to move in the kidney-shaped holes (2-7-2-3-1), and the kidney-shaped holes (2-7-2-3-1) control the controllable shaft (2-7-2-3-1) to enable the controllable roller (2-7-2-2-3) In a "wedging" position or in a "wedging" position;

when the roller lever (2-7-2-6) is stressed and tilted to establish a controllable wedging cavity, and the waist-shaped hole (2-7-2-3-1) controls the controllable shaft (2-7-2-2-3-1) to enable the controllable roller (2-7-2-2-3) to be in a wedging position, the controllable roller (2-7-2-2-3) can play a wedging role.

9. The rack and pinion internal combustion engine according to claim 8, wherein the roller limiting seat comprises a controllable front end cover (2-7-2-3) and a controllable rear end cover (2-7-2-4), the kidney-shaped holes (2-7-2-3-1) are arranged at symmetrical positions of the controllable front end cover (2-7-2-3) and the controllable rear end cover (2-7-2-4), the controllable front end cover (2-7-2-3) and the controllable rear end cover (2-7-2-4) are sleeved on a hub of the controllable core wheel (2-7-2-2) and can rotate on the hub, and the controllable front end cover (2-7-2-3) and the controllable rear end cover (2-7-2-4) are locked and unlocked by a locking mechanism and an unlocking mechanism The controllable roller is controlled to rotate relative to the hub of the controllable core wheel (2-7-2-2), so that the kidney-shaped hole (2-7-2-3-1) is promoted to control the position of the controllable roller (2-7-2-2-3).

10. The rack bar ratchet internal combustion engine according to claim 9, wherein the locking mechanism comprises a seat pin (2-7-2-2-4), a pin elastic body (2-7-2-2-5), and a movable pin (2-7-2-2-6), the pin elastic body (2-7-2-2-5) is arranged between the seat pin (2-7-2-2-4) and the movable pin (2-7-2-2-6) and is in a compressed state, the seat pin (2-7-2-2-4) is fixed in a first arc-shaped long hole (2-7-2-2-7) formed in the controllable core wheel (2-7-2-2), the two ends of the movable pin (2-7-2-2-6) are provided with movable pin push rods (2-7-2-2-6-1), the movable pin push rods (2-7-2-2-6-1) are matched with thrust holes (2-7-2-3-3) arranged on the controllable front end cover (2-7-2-3) and the controllable rear end cover (2-7-2-4), and under the action of the pin elastic body (2-7-2-2-5), the movable pin (2-7-2-2-6) pushes the controllable front end cover (2-7-2-3) and the controllable rear end cover (2-7-2-4) to synchronously rotate towards one direction.

11. The rack-and-pinion internal combustion engine according to claim 9, wherein the unlocking mechanism includes a curved-tooth ejector pin (2-7-2-11), the controllable front end cap (2-7-2-3) and the controllable rear end cap (2-7-2-4) are provided with a splayed arc-shaped flared hole (2-7-2-3-2) engaged with the curved-tooth ejector pin (2-7-2-11), the curved-tooth ejector pin (2-7-2-11) is engaged with one side surface of the splayed arc-shaped flared hole (2-7-2-3-2) by pushing the curved-tooth ejector pin (2-7-2-11), and the curved-tooth ejector pin (2-7-2-11) is engaged by continuously pushing the curved-tooth ejector pin (2-7-2-11) The side face of the-2-11) extrudes the side face of the splayed arc flared hole (2-7-2-3-2) to force the controllable front end cover (2-7-2-3) and the controllable rear end cover (2-7-2-4) to press the movable pin (2-7-2-2-6) of the locking mechanism to compress the pin elastic body (2-7-2-2-5) to synchronously rotate, the arc-tooth ejector push rod (2-7-2-11) penetrates through a second arc-shaped long hole (2-7-2-2-8) formed in the controllable core wheel (2-7-2-2), and the second arc-shaped long hole (2-7-2-2-8) limits the arc-tooth ejector push rod (2-7-2-11) to move only along the axial direction.

12. The rack and pinion internal combustion engine according to claim 8, wherein the controllable ratchet device (2-7) further comprises a ratchet control mechanism, the ratchet control mechanism comprises a bottom-protruding fork (2-7-2-10), a fork return mechanism (2-7-1) and a ratchet mechanism (2-7-3), one end of the controllable gear ring (2-7-2-1) is provided with a claw (2-7-2-1-1), a fork tip of the bottom-protruding fork (2-7-2-10) is provided with a sliding groove (2-7-2-10-1) which is clamped with the claw, the sliding groove slides on the claw, and the bottom-protruding fork (2-7-2-10) slides relative to the controllable gear ring (2-7-2-1) along the axial direction and along with the controllable gear ring (2-7-2-1) The gear ring (2-7-2-1) rotates, fan-shaped bosses (2-7-2-10-2) with inclined planes on two sides are arranged at the bottoms of the convex bottom shifting forks (2-7-2-10), the ratchet rod mechanism (2-7-3) comprises a chain wheel base (2-7-3-1), roller ratchet rods (2-7-3-2) and a ratchet rod return elastic body (2-7-3-3), the roller ratchet rods (2-7-3-2) are L-shaped, the corners of the L-shaped roller ratchet rods (2-7-3-2) are hinged with the chain wheel base (2-7-3-1), rollers are arranged at the top ends of the vertical rods of the L-shaped roller ratchet rods (2-7-3-2), the roller is pressed against the bottom plane of the convex bottom shifting fork (2-7-2-10); when the convex bottom shifting fork (2-7-2-10) rotates clockwise, the L-shaped roller ratchet rod (2-7-3-2) enters the fan-shaped boss (2-7-2-10-2) from the left side to the upper slope, the L-shaped roller ratchet rod (2-7-3-2) is kept upright under the action of a cross rod, so that the L-shaped roller ratchet rod (2-7-3-2) pushes the convex bottom shifting fork (2-7-2-10) to move forwards, and the shifting fork return mechanism (2-7-1) returns the convex bottom shifting fork (2-7-2-10) to a non-pushed state under the action of the ratchet rod mechanism (2-7-3); when the convex bottom shifting fork (2-7-2-10) rotates anticlockwise, the L-shaped roller ratchet rod (2-7-3-2) enters the fan-shaped boss (2-7-2-10-2) from the right side to the upper slope, the L-shaped roller ratchet rod (2-7-3-2) is kept in a pushing-down state under the action of the inclined component force of the fan-shaped boss (2-7-2-10-2), the convex bottom shifting fork (2-7-2-10) is not pushed to move forwards, and when the roller passes through the lower slope, the ratchet rod restoring elastic body (2-7-3-3) enables the L-shaped roller ratchet rod (2-7-3-2) to return to a standing state.

13. The rack and pinion internal combustion engine according to claim 12, wherein the controllable ratchet device (2-7) further comprises a thrust bearing (2-7-2-9), the thrust bearing (2-7-2-9) is disposed between the bottom-of-projection fork (2-7-2-10) and the lever lifter, such that the bottom-of-projection fork (2-7-2-10) pushes the lever lifter without affecting the relative rotation between the bottom-of-projection fork (2-7-2-10) and the lever lifter, the controllable ratchet device (2-7) further comprises a secondary ejector (2-7-2-8), the secondary ejector (2-7-2-8) is disposed between the thrust bearing (2-7-2-9) and the lever lifter, the secondary ejector (2-7-2-8) comprises an ejector core (2-7-2-8-1), an ejector cylinder (2-7-2-8-2), an ejector elastomer (2-7-2-8-3) and a cylinder bottom plate (2-7-2-8-4), wherein the ejector cylinder (2-7-2-8-2) is fixed on the cylinder bottom plate (2-7-2-8-4), the ejector core (2-7-2-8-1) is arranged in the ejector cylinder (2-7-2-8-2) and penetrates through the ejector cylinder (2-7-2-8-2), and the ejector elastomer (2-7-2-8-3) is arranged in the ejector core (2-7-2-8-2) 8-1) and a cylinder bottom plate (2-7-2-8-4), wherein the pushing elastic body (2-7-2-8-3) is compressed to store energy, the top core (2-7-2-8-1) is positioned at the most protruded position under the action of the pushing elastic body (2-7-2-8-3) in the initial state, when the stress of the top core (2-7-2-8-1) is enough to overcome the pushing elastic body (2-7-2-8-3), the top core (2-7-2-8-1) gradually retracts into the pushing cylinder (2-7-2-8-2), and when the secondary pusher (2-7-2-8) is stressed to move forwards, the top core (2-7-2-8-1) is abutted against the lever raising device to push the lever raising device to move forwards, so that the roller lever (2-7-2-6) is raised to establish a controllable wedging cavity.

14. The rack and ratchet internal combustion engine according to claim 1, further comprising a compression chamber adjusting mechanism (3), wherein the compression chamber adjusting mechanism (3) comprises at least two chain wheel bases (2-7-3-1), a chain (3-1), an adjusting chain wheel (3-2) and a speed adjusting handle device (3-3), the chain wheel bases (2-7-3-1) and the adjusting chain wheel (3-2) are connected and driven through the chain (3-1), the adjusting chain wheel (3-2) is arranged on the speed adjusting handle device (3-3), the adjusting chain wheel (3-2) is driven to rotate through rotating the adjusting handle device (3-3), and then the adjusting chain wheel (3-2) drives the chain wheel bases (2-7-3-1) to rotate, the chain wheel base (2-7-3-1) is fixedly provided with the roller ratchet rod (2-7-3-2), and the triggering position of the roller ratchet rod (2-7-3-2) is changed through the rotation of the chain wheel base (2-7-3-1), so that the volume of the compression chamber is changed.

15. The rack-and-pinion internal combustion engine according to claim 1, further comprising a timing output system (4), wherein the timing output system (4) comprises a timing crankshaft (4-1), an arch-shaped connecting rod, a short connecting rod and a roller guide rail plate, a crank throw is arranged on the timing crankshaft (4-1), one end of the arch-shaped connecting rod is connected with the main ratchet (1-7), the other end of the arch-shaped connecting rod is connected with one end of the short connecting rod, the other end of the short connecting rod is connected with the crank throw on the timing crankshaft (4-1), a toggle roller (4-6) is arranged at the connecting position of the arch-shaped connecting rod and the short connecting rod, the toggle roller (4-6) is restrained by a guide rail curve on the roller guide rail plate, the timing crankshaft (4-1) is installed on the case (1-1), and the main ratchet (1-, The bow-shaped connecting rod, the short connecting rod and the timing crankshaft (4-1) form a five-connecting-rod mechanism.

16. The rack and pinion internal combustion engine according to claim 15, wherein the timing crank shaft (4-1) is provided with two throws and the short link is two, the arcuate link includes a first arcuate link (4-2) and a second arcuate link (4-3), the roller guide plate includes a first roller guide plate (4-7) and a second roller guide plate (4-8), one end of the first arcuate link (4-2) is connected to the main ratchet (1-7) on the right side, one end of the second arcuate link (4-3) is connected to the main ratchet (1-7) on the left side, the other ends of the first arcuate link (4-2) and the second arcuate link (4-3) are connected to one of the short links (4-4), respectively, the two short connecting rods (4-4) are respectively connected with two crank throws of the timing crank shaft (4-1).

17. The rack and bar ratchet internal combustion engine according to claim 1, further comprising a cam gas distribution system (5), wherein the cam gas distribution system (5) comprises an air inlet cam shaft (5-1), an air outlet cam shaft (5-2), a cam pulling frame (5-3), a gas distribution chain wheel (5-4) and an arc-shaped speed regulation plate (5-6), the air inlet cam shaft (5-1-2) is provided with the air inlet cam (5-1-2), the air inlet cam (5-1-2) axially moves on the air inlet cam shaft (5-1), the air outlet cam shaft (5-2-1) is provided with the air outlet cam (5-2-1), and the air outlet cam (5-2-1) axially moves on the air outlet cam shaft (5-2), the air inlet cam (5-1-2) and the exhaust cam (5-2-1) are controlled to move through a cam shifting frame (5-3), the cam shifting frame (5-3) is connected with an arc speed regulation plate (5-6), the cam shifting frame (5-3) is controlled to move through the arc speed regulation plate (5-6), a convex tip of the air inlet cam (5-1-2) is a gradually changed convex tip, one end of the section of the convex tip is narrow, the other end of the section of the convex tip is wide, and the air distribution chain wheel (5-4) is fixed on the air inlet cam shaft (5-1) and the exhaust cam shaft (5-2).

18. The rack and pinion internal combustion engine according to claim 17, wherein the nose of the intake cam (5-1-2) is gradually widened from the rear to the front to close the intake valve with a delay, the nose of the exhaust cam (5-2-1) is gradually widened, one end of the section of the nose is narrow, the other end is wide, and the nose of the exhaust cam (5-2-1) is gradually widened from the rear to the front to open the exhaust valve in advance.