CN111704514B - Powdery emulsion explosive anti-caking agent - Google Patents
Powdery emulsion explosive anti-caking agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN111704514B CN111704514B CN201911413087.4A CN201911413087A CN111704514B CN 111704514 B CN111704514 B CN 111704514B CN 201911413087 A CN201911413087 A CN 201911413087A CN 111704514 B CN111704514 B CN 111704514B
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- caking agent
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- mixing
- emulsion explosive
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- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 claims description 17
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 37
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229940057995 liquid paraffin Drugs 0.000 description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 liquid paraffin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001692 EU approved anti-caking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010534 mechanism of action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
- C06B23/009—Wetting agents, hydrophobing agents, dehydrating agents, antistatic additives, viscosity improvers, antiagglomerating agents, grinding agents and other additives for working up
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a powdery emulsion explosive anti-caking agent, which is surface modified mineral powder; comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 95-100 parts of mineral powder and 0.05-5 parts of paraffin; the preparation method comprises the following steps: s1: heating paraffin to a molten state; s2: heating the mineral to a temperature consistent with the paraffin in the melted state in the step S1; s3: mixing and stirring the paraffin in the melted state in the S1 and the mineral in the S2, uniformly coating the paraffin on the surface of the mineral powder, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the anti-caking agent. The anti-caking agent prepared by the invention has good water absorption, and the addition of the anti-caking agent does not cause the great reduction of the explosive property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of emulsion explosives, in particular to a powdery emulsion explosive anti-caking agent.
Background
The powdery emulsion explosive belongs to a high-power conventional industrial explosive, but the caking tendency of the powdery emulsion explosive is always a difficult problem for manufacturers of enterprises and constructors on blasting sites. In particular, after the powdery emulsion explosive is packed into big bags, the big bags stacked on the bottom layer are most easy to be agglomerated and hardened due to heavy pressure during the stock stacking, and even the whole stack of the big bags of powdery emulsion explosive are agglomerated and hardened. The hardened powdered emulsion explosive causes a number of inconveniences and even a number of unsafe hidden troubles in subsequent use.
The reason for agglomeration of the powdery emulsion explosive is that the explosive is extruded by external force or is damped and absorbed, and the main composition ammonium nitrate is easy to absorb air moisture in a humid environment to separate out crystals, and when the recrystallized ammonium nitrate particles are larger, the powdery emulsion explosive forms hard lumps.
The pure silicon dioxide additive is a commonly used anti-caking agent, but because the silicon dioxide has large specific surface area and high oil absorption rate, after the silicon dioxide additive contacts with the powdery emulsion explosive, part of oil phase can be absorbed, so that the explosive explosion reaction is incomplete, the explosion performance is reduced, and when the granularity of the silicon dioxide powder is small, the insensitive effect of superfine powder on the powdery emulsion explosive is easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background technology, the invention provides the powdery emulsion explosive anti-caking agent, the prepared anti-caking agent has good water absorption, and the addition of the anti-caking agent does not cause the great reduction of the explosive explosion performance.
The invention provides a powdery emulsion explosive anti-caking agent, which is surface modified mineral powder.
Preferably, the mineral powder is one or more of silica gel, montmorillonite, molecular sieve and seaweed mud.
Preferably, the surface modification of the mineral powder is a physical modification.
Preferably, the anti-caking agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
95-100 parts of mineral powder
0.05-5 parts of paraffin.
The paraffin is one of microcrystalline paraffin, liquid paraffin, polyethylene wax, semi-refined wax and chlorinated paraffin.
Preferably, the method for preparing the anti-caking agent comprises the following steps:
s1: heating paraffin to a molten state;
s2: heating the mineral to a temperature consistent with the paraffin in the melted state in the step S1;
s3: mixing and stirring the paraffin in the melted state in the S1 and the mineral in the S2, uniformly coating the paraffin on the surface of the mineral powder, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the anti-caking agent.
Preferably, the temperature of heating in S1 is 55-90 ℃.
Preferably, the granularity of the mineral powder in the step S2 is 40-100 meshes.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the anti-caking agent to the powdery emulsion explosive is 0.1-5:100.
Preferably, the mixing device comprises a mixing cavity with an opening at the upper end and a filtering cavity with openings at two ends, and the mixing cavity is rotationally connected with the filtering cavity;
the stirring shaft is internally provided with stirring shafts which are horizontally distributed, a plurality of stirring paddles are arranged on the stirring shaft, one end of the stirring shaft is rotationally connected with the side wall of the mixing cavity, the other end of the stirring shaft penetrates through the side wall of the stirring shaft and is electrically connected with a motor, the motor is fixed on the outer side of the mixing cavity, and the motor is used for driving the stirring shaft to rotate in the mixing cavity;
the filter cavity comprises a plurality of screening cavities divided by a partition plate, wherein the lower end of each screening cavity is provided with a screen, the outer side wall of each screening cavity is provided with an openable discharge door, the discharge door is positioned at the upper end of each screening cavity, one side of each filter cavity is also provided with a liquid inlet, the liquid inlet is positioned at the lower end of each screen, the upper end of each filter cavity is also provided with a top cover, and each top cover is provided with a plurality of feed inlets which are matched with each screening cavity;
still including the support that is used for supporting mixing arrangement, be equipped with the axis of rotation on the support, the axis of rotation with the support rotates to be connected, axis of rotation one end with the lateral wall fixed connection in mixing chamber, the axis of rotation other end is fixed to be equipped with the rotation handle.
Preferably, one side of the mixing cavity is also provided with a mounting block, the other side of the mixing cavity is provided with a reel, a pull rope is arranged between the reel and the mounting block and fixedly connected with the mounting block, the pull rope is rotationally connected with the reel, and a torsion spring is further arranged between the rotating shaft and the bracket.
Preferably, the height of the reel is not lower than the height of the top of the mixing chamber.
Mechanism of action
A class of minerals may act as water-absorbing agents, depending on the composition and structure of the class of minerals. If the mineral is composed of a composition that absorbs water, the mineral has the basic property of absorbing water. If the mineral structure has a channel through which water molecules can freely pass, the mineral structure has a structural element for absorbing the water molecules. When a mineral of a type has the above two factors, the water-absorbing material can be obtained.
In nature, montmorillonite, molecular sieve, and the like have the above-described composition and structural elements, and are common water-absorbing materials, i.e., desiccants. Montmorillonite and bentonite are environment-friendly, nontoxic and odorless minerals which are harmless to human bodies. Good adsorption performance at room temperature and general humidity, strong adsorption capacity and strong static dehumidifying effect. The application range is wider.
Silica gel and molecular sieve are artificially synthesized water-absorbing materials. Is a material containing precise and single tiny holes, and can be used for adsorbing gas or liquid. Sufficiently small molecules can be adsorbed through the pore channels, while larger molecules cannot. Unlike a conventional screen, it operates at the molecular level. For example, a molecule that is as small as possible but slightly larger than it does not go. Thus, molecular sieves are commonly used as desiccants. One molecular sieve can adsorb up to 22% of its own weight of moisture.
The seaweed mud is a mineral which is processed by artificial natural seaweed mud original ecological minerals, and belongs to an artificial processed product. Seaweed mud is usually pale yellow or light gray, soft in texture, porous and light, and strong in water absorption and permeability.
These minerals, which are inherently good water-absorbing materials, appear to be possible as anti-caking agents for powdered emulsion explosives. However, the inorganic nature of such materials is incompatible with the organic nature of the powdered emulsion explosive and the hard nature of the mineral when added to the powdered emulsion explosive tends to cause abrasion of the powdered emulsion explosive organic film which results in agglomeration of the powdered emulsion explosive. Meanwhile, the surface of the water-absorbing material is porous, and small molecules in an oil film of the powdery emulsion explosive are easily adsorbed, so that the uniformity of the oil film is damaged, and the powdery emulsion explosive is agglomerated.
Paraffin wax is a byproduct of petroleum refining, is one of the oil phase material components for making powdered emulsion explosives, and paraffin wax is a white solid substance with a melting point above room temperature, typically below 50 ℃. As a coating, the paraffin wax must be in a fluid state, and when the paraffin wax is mixed with the coated particles, the fluid paraffin wax naturally adheres to the surfaces of the particles and naturally flows on the surfaces of the particles to form a coated film.
The surface of the mineral powder is physically modified by paraffin, wherein the paraffin accounts for a small proportion, generally the volume ratio is 0.1-2%, and the paraffin has a protective effect on the surface of the mineral powder, and has no repression on passable water molecules due to the fact that the modified film is very thin. Emulsion particles of the emulsion explosive, according to the basic formula of emulsion explosive production, oil phase materials are about 5% in mass, and water phase materials account for about 95%; the density of the aqueous phase material is large, generally 1.4g/ml, and the density of the oil phase is about 0.8 g/ml. Therefore, the oil phase material accounts for about 10% by volume. The oil film thickness of the modified mineral matters is far smaller than that of emulsion particles of the emulsion explosive, so that the modified mineral matters can effectively improve the compatibility of other emulsion explosive particles without obstructing the water absorption of the mineral matters, and the anti-caking effect of the emulsion explosive can be effectively achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
(1) The invention adopts paraffin to modify the surface of mineral powder, and the prepared anti-caking agent ensures the water absorption and the surface property of the mineral powder and the surface of the powder emulsion explosive particlesA kind of electronic deviceThe property is equivalent, and the compatibility of the surface of the mineral powder and the surface of the emulsion explosive particles is enhanced; in addition, the surface modified mineral substances basically do not cause the phenomenon of demulsification of the powdery emulsion explosive, so that the caking phenomenon caused by outflow of the water phase coated in the oil phase due to the breakage of the powdery emulsion explosive is avoided.
(2) The mixing device adopted by the invention eliminates the discharge pipe of the existing mixing device, directly feeds and discharges materials from the upper end opening of the mixing cavity, avoids the regular cleaning required by the blockage of the discharge pipe by the materials, and simultaneously avoids incomplete mixing caused by the accumulation of the materials in the discharge pipe.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a mixing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a mixing chamber according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a mixing device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-mixing cavity, 11-stirring shaft, 12-stirring paddle, 13-motor, 14-mounting block, 2-filter cavity, 21-inlet, 22-discharge gate, 23-baffle, 24-screen, 25-screening cavity, 3-top cover, 31-inlet, 4-bracket, 5-rotation shaft, 51-rotation handle, 6-reel, 7-stay cord.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below in connection with specific embodiments.
Example 1
No anti-caking agent is added into the powdery emulsion explosive.
Example 2
To 100 parts of the powdery emulsion explosive was added 1 part of silica gel which was not subjected to surface modification.
Example 3
And heating 1 part of paraffin to 60 ℃ to enable the paraffin to be in a flowable melting state, heating 100 parts of 80-mesh silica gel to a temperature equivalent to that of the melting paraffin, pouring the melting paraffin into the silica gel, dynamically stirring the silica gel, and enabling the melting paraffin to be fully contacted and mixed with the silica gel so as to coat each silica gel particle by the paraffin. After the paraffin completely coats the silica gel particles, cooling to room temperature, and then adding an anti-caking agent into the powdery emulsion explosive, wherein the mass ratio of the anti-caking agent to the powdery emulsion explosive is 2:98.
Example 4
3 parts of solid or liquid paraffin are heated to 64 ℃ to enable the solid or liquid paraffin to be in a flowable melting state, 100 parts of 60-mesh silica gel are heated to a temperature equivalent to that of the melting state paraffin, then the melting state paraffin is poured into the silica gel, the silica gel is stirred dynamically, the melting state paraffin is enabled to be fully contacted and mixed with silica gel particles, and then each silica gel particle is coated by the paraffin. After the paraffin completely coats the silica gel particles, cooling to room temperature, and then adding an anti-caking agent into the powdery emulsion explosive, wherein the mass ratio of the anti-caking agent to the powdery emulsion explosive is 2:98.
Example 5
2 parts of solid or liquid paraffin is heated to 68 ℃ to enable the solid or liquid paraffin to be in a flowable melting state, 100 parts of 100-mesh molecular sieve is heated to a temperature equivalent to that of the melting state paraffin, then the melting state paraffin is poured into the molecular sieve, the molecular sieve is stirred dynamically, the melting state paraffin is enabled to be fully contacted and mixed with molecular sieve particles, and then each molecular sieve particle is coated by the paraffin. After the paraffin completely coats the molecular sieve particles, cooling to room temperature, and then adding an anti-caking agent into the powdery emulsion explosive, wherein the mass ratio of the anti-caking agent to the powdery emulsion explosive is 0.1:99.9.
Example 6
And heating 5 parts of solid or liquid paraffin to 74 ℃ to enable the solid or liquid paraffin to be in a flowable melting state, heating 100 parts of 80-mesh molecular sieve to a temperature equivalent to that of the melted paraffin, pouring the melted paraffin into the molecular sieve, dynamically stirring the molecular sieve, and enabling the melted paraffin to be fully contacted and mixed with the molecular sieve particles so as to coat each molecular sieve particle by the paraffin. After the paraffin completely coats the molecular sieve particles, cooling to room temperature, and then adding an anti-caking agent into the powdery emulsion explosive, wherein the mass ratio of the anti-caking agent to the powdery emulsion explosive is 5:95.
Example 7
And heating 5 parts of solid or liquid paraffin to 78 ℃ to enable the solid or liquid paraffin to be in a flowable melting state, heating 100 parts of a 100-mesh molecular sieve to a temperature equivalent to that of the melting paraffin, pouring the melting paraffin into the molecular sieve, dynamically stirring the molecular sieve, and enabling the melting paraffin to be fully contacted and mixed with the molecular sieve particles so as to coat each molecular sieve particle by the paraffin. After the paraffin completely coats the molecular sieve particles, cooling to room temperature, and then adding an anti-caking agent into the powdery emulsion explosive, wherein the mass ratio of the anti-caking agent to the powdery emulsion explosive is 10:90.
Example 8
And heating 1 part of solid or liquid paraffin to 74 ℃ to enable the solid or liquid paraffin to be in a flowable melting state, heating 100 parts of 40-mesh montmorillonite to a temperature equivalent to that of the melted paraffin, pouring the melted paraffin into the montmorillonite, dynamically stirring the montmorillonite, and enabling the melted paraffin to be fully contacted and mixed with montmorillonite particles so as to coat each montmorillonite particle by the paraffin. After the paraffin completely coats the montmorillonite particles, cooling to room temperature, and then adding an anti-caking agent into the powdery emulsion explosive, wherein the mass ratio of the anti-caking agent to the powdery emulsion explosive is 2:98.
Example 9
3 parts of solid or liquid paraffin is heated to 70 ℃ to enable the solid or liquid paraffin to be in a flowable melting state, and meanwhile 100 parts of montmorillonite with 100 meshes are heated to a temperature equivalent to that of the melted paraffin, then the melted paraffin is poured into the montmorillonite, the montmorillonite is stirred dynamically, the melted paraffin can be fully contacted and mixed with montmorillonite particles, and further each montmorillonite particle is coated by the paraffin. After the paraffin completely coats the montmorillonite particles, cooling to room temperature, and then adding an anti-caking agent into the powdery emulsion explosive, wherein the mass ratio of the anti-caking agent to the powdery emulsion explosive is 5:95.
Example 10
Heating 0.5 part of solid or liquid paraffin to 66 ℃ to enable the solid or liquid paraffin to be in a flowable melting state, heating 100 parts of 80-mesh seaweed mud to a temperature equivalent to that of the melted paraffin, pouring the melted paraffin into the seaweed mud, dynamically stirring the seaweed mud, enabling the melted paraffin to be fully contacted and mixed with the seaweed mud particles, and further enabling the paraffin to coat each seaweed mud particle. After the paraffin completely coats the seaweed mud particles, cooling to room temperature, and then adding an anti-caking agent into the powdery emulsion explosive, wherein the mass ratio of the anti-caking agent to the powdery emulsion explosive is 1:99.
Example 11
3 parts of solid or liquid paraffin is heated to 70 ℃ to enable the solid or liquid paraffin to be in a flowable melting state, 100 parts of 90-mesh seaweed mud is heated to a temperature equivalent to that of the melted paraffin, then the melted paraffin is poured into the seaweed mud, the seaweed mud is stirred dynamically, the melted paraffin can be fully contacted and mixed with the seaweed mud particles, and then each seaweed mud particle is coated by the paraffin. After the paraffin completely coats the seaweed mud particles, cooling to room temperature, and then adding an anti-caking agent into the powdery emulsion explosive, wherein the mass ratio of the anti-caking agent to the powdery emulsion explosive is 4:96.
The emulsion explosive mixed in examples 1-11 is loaded into a paper roll with the thickness of 32mm, the weight of the explosive roll is 170g, and the length of the explosive roll is 220mm; detonation properties of the explosives were tested in the field and friction sensitivity of the emulsion explosives were tested in the laboratory, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Mixed explosive Properties of Paraffin modified mineral
As can be seen from table 1, the emulsion explosive with the anti-caking agent added with the paraffin-modified mineral substance satisfies the requirements in terms of detonation performance and friction sensitivity, and furthermore, the emulsion explosive with the anti-caking agent added is significantly superior in terms of fluidity and anti-caking property to the emulsion explosive without the anti-caking agent added or without the surface modification of the anti-caking agent added.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the mixing device used in the present invention comprises a mixing chamber 1 with an open upper end and a filter chamber 2 with two open ends, wherein the mixing chamber is rotatably connected with the filter chamber;
the mixing cavity is internally provided with a stirring shaft 11 which is horizontally distributed, the stirring shaft is provided with a plurality of stirring paddles 12, one end of the stirring shaft is rotationally connected with the side wall of the mixing cavity, the other end of the stirring shaft penetrates through the side wall of the stirring shaft and is electrically connected with a motor 13, the motor is fixed on the outer side of the mixing cavity, and the motor is used for driving the stirring shaft to rotate in the mixing cavity;
the filter cavity comprises a plurality of screening cavities 25 which are divided by a baffle plate 23, wherein the lower end of each screening cavity is provided with a screen 24, the outer side wall of each screening cavity is provided with an openable discharge door 22, the discharge door is positioned at the upper end of each screening cavity, one side of each filter cavity is also provided with a liquid inlet 21, the liquid inlet is positioned at the lower end of each screen, the upper end of each filter cavity is also provided with a top cover 3, the top cover is provided with a plurality of feed inlets 31, and the feed inlets are matched with the screening cavities;
still include the support 4 that is used for supporting mixing arrangement, be equipped with axis of rotation 5 on the support, the axis of rotation with the support rotates to be connected, axis of rotation one end with the lateral wall fixed connection of mixing chamber, the axis of rotation other end is fixed to be equipped with the rotation handle 51.
The mixing cavity is divided into a plurality of screening cavities through the partition plates, the upper end of each screening cavity corresponds to one feeding port, simultaneous addition of various solid materials is realized, the mixing efficiency of the materials is improved, the lower end of each screening cavity is also provided with a screen, the added materials can be screened, large-particle materials are cut off, then the corresponding discharging door is opened after one-time screening, the large-particle materials are discharged, and in order to further improve the screening efficiency of the screen, a vibrator can be arranged on the outer side of the filtering cavity; the liquid inlet arranged on the filter cavity is arranged at the lower end of the screen, liquid paraffin entering the mixing cavity from the liquid inlet is directly sprayed on the screened material, so that the paraffin and mineral substances are further mixed more fully, the paraffin and the mineral substances entering the mixing cavity are driven by the stirring shaft to be mixed, a heating plate can be arranged on the side wall of the mixing cavity for preventing the paraffin from solidifying, a heat preservation layer is arranged on the outer side of the side wall of the mixing cavity, and a heating assembly can be arranged in the stirring shaft for further ensuring the full combination of the paraffin and the mineral substances; when the materials are required to be poured out of the mixing cavity, the transport vehicle is placed under the mixing cavity, then the driving device drives the rotating handle to rotate, so that the mixing cavity rotates 180 degrees, meanwhile, the motor is controlled to drive the stirring shaft to rotate, the materials in the mixing cavity are completely discharged, and then the driving device drives the mixing cavity to rotate reversely for 180 degrees, so that the opening of the mixing cavity faces upwards, and the next round of mixing can be performed.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic structural diagram of a mixing device according to another embodiment of the present invention is provided, wherein a mounting block 14 is further provided on one side of the mixing chamber, a reel 6 is provided on the other side of the mixing chamber, a pull rope 7 is provided between the reel and the mounting block, the pull rope is fixedly connected with the mounting block, the pull rope is rotatably connected with the reel, and a torsion spring is further provided between the rotating shaft and the bracket.
The height of the reel is not lower than the height of the top of the mixing chamber.
When the material is required to be discharged, the reel rotates, the pull rope is wound on the reel, the pull rope drives the mixing cavity to rotate along the support, the material is discharged downwards until the opening of the mixing cavity, after the material is discharged, the reel discharges the pull rope, and as the torsion spring is arranged between the rotating shaft and the support, the torsion spring is in a compression state during material discharge, when the pull rope is loose, the mixing cavity is reversed to an initial state under the action of the torsion spring, and then the next round of mixing can be performed.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The preparation method of the powdery emulsion explosive anti-caking agent is characterized in that the anti-caking agent is surface modified mineral powder;
the surface modification of the mineral powder is physical modification;
the anti-caking agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 95-100 parts of mineral powder and 0.05-5 parts of paraffin;
the preparation method of the anti-caking agent comprises the following steps:
s1: heating paraffin to a molten state;
s2: heating the mineral to a temperature consistent with the paraffin in the melted state in the step S1;
s3: mixing and stirring the paraffin in the melted state in the S1 and the mineral in the S2 in a mixing device to uniformly coat the paraffin on the surface of the mineral powder, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain an anti-caking agent;
the mixing device comprises a mixing cavity with an opening at the upper end and a filtering cavity with openings at the two ends, and the mixing cavity is rotationally connected with the filtering cavity;
the stirring shaft is internally provided with stirring shafts which are horizontally distributed, a plurality of stirring paddles are arranged on the stirring shaft, one end of the stirring shaft is rotationally connected with the side wall of the mixing cavity, the other end of the stirring shaft penetrates through the side wall of the stirring shaft and is electrically connected with a motor, the motor is fixed on the outer side of the mixing cavity, and the motor is used for driving the stirring shaft to rotate in the mixing cavity;
the filter cavity comprises a plurality of screening cavities divided by a partition plate, wherein the lower end of each screening cavity is provided with a screen, the outer side wall of each screening cavity is provided with an openable discharge door, the discharge door is positioned at the upper end of each screening cavity, one side of each filter cavity is also provided with a liquid inlet, the liquid inlet is positioned at the lower end of each screen, the upper end of each filter cavity is also provided with a top cover, and each top cover is provided with a plurality of feed inlets which are matched with each screening cavity;
still including the support that is used for supporting mixing arrangement, be equipped with the axis of rotation on the support, the axis of rotation with the support rotates to be connected, axis of rotation one end with the lateral wall fixed connection in mixing chamber, the axis of rotation other end is fixed to be equipped with the rotation handle.
2. The method for preparing the powdery emulsion explosive anti-caking agent according to claim 1, wherein the mineral powder is one or more of silica gel, montmorillonite, molecular sieve and seaweed mud.
3. The method for preparing the powdery emulsion explosive anti-caking agent according to claim 1, wherein the heating temperature in S1 is 55-90 ℃.
4. The method for preparing the powdery emulsion explosive anti-caking agent according to claim 1, wherein the granularity of the mineral powder in the S2 is 40-100 meshes.
5. The method for preparing the powdery emulsion explosive anti-caking agent according to claim 1, wherein one side of the mixing cavity is further provided with a mounting block, the other side of the mixing cavity is provided with a reel, a pull rope is arranged between the reel and the mounting block and fixedly connected with the mounting block, the pull rope is rotatably connected with the reel, and a torsion spring is further arranged between the rotating shaft and the bracket.
6. The method of preparing a powdered emulsion explosive anticaking agent according to claim 5, wherein the height of the reel is not lower than the height of the top of the mixing chamber.
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