CN111704359B - Tea dust glaze prepared from natural mineral soil and firing method thereof - Google Patents
Tea dust glaze prepared from natural mineral soil and firing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111704359B CN111704359B CN202010636566.9A CN202010636566A CN111704359B CN 111704359 B CN111704359 B CN 111704359B CN 202010636566 A CN202010636566 A CN 202010636566A CN 111704359 B CN111704359 B CN 111704359B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
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- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
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- C04B33/34—Burning methods combined with glazing
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- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/86—Glazes; Cold glazes
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Abstract
A tea dust glaze prepared from natural mineral soil and a firing method thereof are disclosed, wherein the tea dust glaze comprises the raw material components of 73-77% of loess and 23-27% of screw soil by mass percent; the loess is yellow soil in the water county of Yunnan province, and comprises the main components of 73-76 wt% of silicon dioxide, 12-15 wt% of aluminum oxide and 4.5-5.5 wt% of ferric oxide; the screw soil is mineral soil in the water county, and comprises the main components of 48-51 wt% of calcium oxide, 5.5-6.5 wt% of silicon dioxide, 2.4-2.8 wt% of ferric oxide and 4-4.5 wt% of aluminum oxide. The tea dust glaze is completely prepared from natural mineral soil, and the fired tea dust glaze has stable glaze color, good glaze effect and better matching between a green body and glaze.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of glaze preparation, in particular to a method for naturally preparing and firing tea dust glaze by adopting the original production in Jianshui county in Yunnan province of China.
Background
The tea dust glaze is also called tea dust glaze for short, and is prepared by using iron oxide as a coloring agent and firing the iron oxide by high-temperature reduction flame at 1200-1300 ℃. The glaze is in a devitrification state, the glaze color is yellow green and is doped with tea fine powder, green is called tea, yellow is called powder, simple and clear, and people-friendly taste is achieved. The tea dust glaze belongs to the traditional iron crystal glaze, has relatively fixed basic component requirements and an extremely high kiln firing curve system, has strict requirements on the components of a blank with iron content in order to meet the requirement of crystallization, and has unsatisfactory glaze surface effect due to the requirement on blank glaze matching and the like; most of the raw materials for preparing the tea dust glaze in the market adopt chemical raw materials, so that the prepared tea dust glaze is high in cost and is not environment-friendly.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the environment-friendly tea dust glaze which is completely prepared from natural mineral soil, has stable glaze color, good glaze effect, better matching property between a blank body and glaze and basically no influence of the blank body on the glaze color, and the firing method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a tea dust glaze prepared from natural mineral soil comprises 73-77% of loess and 23-27% of screw soil by mass percent;
the loess is yellow soil in the water county of Yunnan province, and comprises 73-76 wt% of silicon dioxide, 12-15 wt% of aluminum oxide, 4.5-5.5 wt% of ferric oxide and the balance of other oxides and impurities, wherein the pH value is 4.2-4.8, and the loess is weakly acidic;
the screw soil is mineral soil in Jianshui county of Yunnan province, and comprises 48-51 wt% of calcium oxide, 5.5-6.5 wt% of silicon dioxide, 2.4-2.8 wt% of ferric oxide, 4-4.5 wt% of aluminum oxide and the balance of other oxides and impurities, wherein the pH value is 8.5-9.5, and the mineral soil is alkalescent.
The firing method of the tea dust glaze comprises the following steps:
(1) smashing and uniformly mixing loess and screw soil according to a proportion, adding the mixed soil ore into a ball milling tank, adding water, and carrying out ball milling for 70-75 hours to obtain thick yellow glaze slip; in a ball milling tank, the mass ratio of the mixed soil ore to water to the ball stone is 1:0.5: 1.5;
(2) Filtering the prepared glaze slurry by a 300-mesh filter screen, adding a proper amount of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain tea dust glaze slurry;
(3) glazing: taking dry blanks prepared by using Jianshui purple pottery white mud or Jianshui purple pottery red mud in advance, glazing the surfaces of the blanks by using a glaze spraying method or a glaze dipping method, and naturally airing the glazed blanks;
(4) and (3) firing: putting the glazed and dried blank into a gas kiln, igniting and baking the blank after the blank is put into the gas kiln, slowly raising the temperature to 300 ℃ with small fire, keeping an air inlet and a chimney of the gas kiln unblocked, ensuring sufficient oxygen in the kiln, raising the temperature to 450 ℃ within 1 hour, slightly slowing the temperature to 1000 ℃, entering a strong reduction stage when the temperature in the kiln reaches about 1000 ℃, increasing the gas pressure, closing the chimney, carrying out strong reduction for 1 hour, raising the temperature to 150 ℃ during the strong reduction, then reducing the gas pressure, carrying out weak reduction for 1 hour, raising the temperature to 1220-1250 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20 minutes, reaching the tea dust glaze cooked point, then shutting down the fire, naturally cooling and discharging the tea dust glaze product out of the kiln to obtain the product with the tea dust glaze on the surface.
Further, the specific temperature rise process of the heating and firing of the blanks in the kiln is divided into the following ten stages:
the first stage is as follows: heating from room temperature to 90 ℃ for 60 minutes;
and a second stage: heating from 90 deg.C to 150 deg.C for 60 min;
And a third stage: heating from 150 deg.C to 220 deg.C for 60 min;
a fourth stage: heating from 220 deg.c to 300 deg.c for 60 min;
and a fifth stage: heating from 300 ℃ to 450 ℃ for 60 minutes, and oxidizing and firing;
the sixth stage: heating from 450 ℃ to 980 ℃ for 240 minutes, and oxidizing and firing;
a seventh stage: heating from 980 deg.C to 1000 deg.C for 30 min, and reduction firing;
an eighth stage: heating from 1000 ℃ to 1150 ℃ for 90 minutes, and strongly reducing and firing;
the ninth stage: heating to 1220-1250 ℃ from 1150 ℃, and firing in a weak reduction mode for 60 minutes;
the tenth stage: keeping the temperature of 1220-1250 ℃ for 20 minutes.
According to the method, loess and screw clay produced in the indigenous production of Yunnan Jianshui are adopted, the glaze is prepared by simple proportioning and polishing, the Jianshui purple pottery pug is used as a blank bottom, the glaze is applied to a blank, the glaze and the blank pug are both excavated in the Jianshui purple pottery, the glaze and the blank pug contain partially same mineral components, the blank and the glaze have good matching performance, and the tea dust glaze product which is stable in glaze color, good in glaze effect and basically free of influence of the blank is obtained by scientific firing. The glaze material has simple formula, completely adopts natural mineral soil, is not added with any chemical raw material for coloring, is natural, green and environment-friendly, has good stability, and is suitable for daily-use ceramics, furnishing ceramics, sanitary ceramics, building ceramics and other products. The invention opens up a new way for producing the tea dust glaze and reduces the production cost of the tea dust glaze by about 85 percent. The tea dust glaze prepared by the invention has bright color and simple production process.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1
A tea dust glaze prepared from natural mineral soil comprises 75% of loess and 25% of screw soil by mass percent;
the loess is the loess in the multicolored soil in Jianshui county of Yunnan province in China, the main components of the loess are 73-76 wt% of silicon dioxide, 12-15 wt% of aluminum oxide, 4.5-5.5 wt% of ferric oxide and the balance of other oxides and impurities, the pH value is 4.2-4.8, and the loess is weakly acidic;
the screw soil is also called Mongolian soil, is mineral soil in Jianshui county, and mainly comprises 48-51 wt% of calcium oxide, 5.5-6.5 wt% of silicon dioxide, 2.4-2.8 wt% of ferric oxide, 4-4.5 wt% of aluminum oxide and the balance of other oxides and impurities, wherein the pH value is 8.5-9.5, and the mineral soil is alkalescent.
The firing method of the tea dust glaze comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 75% of loess and 25% of screw soil according to the mass ratio, smashing and uniformly mixing the loess and the screw soil to form mixed soil ore, adding the mixed soil ore into a ball milling tank, adding water, and carrying out ball milling for 72 hours to obtain thick yellow glaze slurry; in a ball milling tank, the mass ratio of the mixed soil ore to water to the ball stone is 1:0.5: 1.5;
(2) And filtering the prepared glaze slurry by using a 300-mesh filter screen, adding a proper amount of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain the tea dust glaze slurry. The tea dust glaze slip mainly comprises ferric oxide, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide and calcium oxide, and is approximately neutral, and the performance of the glaze is stable;
(3) glazing: taking dry blanks prepared by using Jianshui purple pottery white mud in advance, glazing the surfaces of the blanks by using a glaze spraying method or a glaze dipping method, and naturally airing the glazed blanks;
(4) firing: putting the glazed and dried blank into a gas kiln, igniting and baking the blank after the blank is put into the gas kiln, slowly raising the temperature to 300 ℃ with small fire, keeping an air inlet and a chimney of the gas kiln unblocked, ensuring sufficient oxygen in the kiln, raising the temperature to 450 ℃ within 1 hour, slightly slowing the temperature to 1000 ℃, entering a strong reduction stage when the temperature in the kiln reaches about 1000 ℃, increasing the gas pressure, closing the chimney, carrying out strong reduction for 1 hour, raising the temperature to 150 ℃ during the strong reduction, then reducing the gas pressure, carrying out weak reduction for 1 hour, raising the temperature to 1250 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20 minutes, reaching the tea dust glaze cooked point, then shutting down the fire, naturally cooling and discharging the tea dust glaze from the kiln to obtain a product with the tea dust glaze on the surface.
The specific temperature rise process of the heating and firing of the blanks in the kiln is divided into the following ten stages:
The first stage is as follows: heating from room temperature to 90 ℃ for 60 minutes;
and a second stage: heating from 90 deg.C to 150 deg.C for 60 min;
and a third stage: heating from 150 deg.C to 220 deg.C for 60 min;
a fourth stage: heating from 220 deg.c to 300 deg.c for 60 min;
the fifth stage: heating from 300 ℃ to 450 ℃ for 60 minutes, and oxidizing and firing;
the sixth stage: heating from 450 ℃ to 980 ℃ for 240 minutes, and oxidizing and firing;
a seventh stage: heating from 980 deg.C to 1000 deg.C for 30 min, and reduction firing;
an eighth stage: heating from 1000 ℃ to 1150 ℃ for 90 minutes, and strongly reducing and firing;
the ninth stage: heating from 1150 deg.c to 1250 deg.c for 60 min, and weak reducing and sintering;
the tenth stage: the temperature is kept constant at 1250 ℃ for 20 minutes.
Because a certain amount of kaolin is added into the mud of the white mud blank, the white mud blank can resist higher temperature and can be reduced and fired to higher temperature, the third-order iron in the white mud can be reduced into second-order iron, the porcelain becomes whiter, and the texture of the tea dust glaze can be fully reflected.
Example 2
A tea dust glaze prepared from natural mineral soil comprises, by mass, loess 77% and screw soil 23%.
The loess is the loess in the five-color soil of the construction water area, and the main chemical components of the loess are as follows: 5.37 wt% of ferric oxide, 74.96 wt% of silicon dioxide, 13.59 wt% of aluminum oxide, 6.1 wt% of sodium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, potassium oxide and the like, and the balance of impurities. The pH value is 4.56, and the pH value is weak acid.
The screw soil is mineral soil of a water construction site, the main components of the screw soil are 49.38 wt% of calcium oxide, 5.98 wt% of silicon dioxide, 2.63 wt% of ferric oxide, 4.31% of aluminum oxide, 0.686 wt% of sodium oxide, magnesium oxide, potassium oxide and the like, the balance is impurities, the pH value is 9.17, and the screw soil is alkalescent. Physical properties: light yellow, weak plasticity, weak viscosity, weak alkalescence and high temperature resistance.
The firing method of the tea dust glaze comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 77% of loess and 23% of screw soil according to the mass ratio, smashing and mixing the loess and the screw soil uniformly to form mixed soil ore, adding the mixed soil ore into a ball milling tank, adding water, and carrying out ball milling for 75 hours to obtain thick yellow glaze slurry; in a ball milling tank, the mass ratio of the mixed soil ore to water to the ball stone is 1:0.5: 1.5;
(2) filtering the prepared glaze slurry by a 300-mesh filter screen, adding a proper amount of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain tea dust glaze slurry;
(3) glazing: taking dry blanks prepared by the Jianshui purple pottery red mud in advance, glazing the surfaces of the blanks by a glaze spraying method or a glaze dipping method, and naturally airing the glazed blanks;
(4) firing: putting the glazed and dried blank into a gas kiln, igniting and baking the blank after the blank is put into the gas kiln, slowly raising the temperature to 300 ℃ with small fire, keeping an air inlet and a chimney of the gas kiln unblocked, ensuring sufficient oxygen in the kiln, raising the temperature to 450 ℃ within 1 hour, slightly slowing the temperature to 1000 ℃, entering a strong reduction stage when the temperature in the kiln reaches about 1000 ℃, increasing the gas pressure, closing the chimney, carrying out strong reduction for 1 hour, raising the temperature to 150 ℃ during the strong reduction, then reducing the gas pressure, carrying out weak reduction for 1 hour, raising the temperature to 1220 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20 minutes, reaching the tea dust glaze cooked point, then shutting down the fire, naturally cooling and discharging the tea dust glaze from the kiln to obtain the product with the tea dust glaze on the surface.
The specific temperature rise process of the heating and firing of the blanks in the kiln is divided into the following ten stages:
the first stage is as follows: heating from room temperature to 90 ℃ for 60 minutes;
and a second stage: heating from 90 deg.C to 150 deg.C for 60 min;
and a third stage: heating from 150 deg.C to 220 deg.C for 60 min;
a fourth stage: heating from 220 deg.c to 300 deg.c for 60 min;
the fifth stage: heating from 300 ℃ to 450 ℃ for 60 minutes, and oxidizing and firing;
the sixth stage: heating from 450 ℃ to 980 ℃ for 240 minutes, and oxidizing and firing;
a seventh stage: heating from 980 deg.C to 1000 deg.C for 30 min, and reduction firing;
an eighth stage: heating from 1000 ℃ to 1150 ℃ for 90 minutes, and strongly reducing and firing;
the ninth stage: heating from 1150 ℃ to 1220 ℃ for 60 minutes, and weakly reducing and firing;
the tenth stage: the temperature is kept constant at 1220 ℃ for 20 minutes.
The red mud has high iron content, and the green body can be foamed when the firing temperature of the red mud blank is too high, so that the tea dust glaze cooked point can be reached when the temperature is increased to about 1220 ℃.
Example 3
A tea dust glaze prepared from natural mineral soil comprises 73% of loess and 27% of screw soil by mass.
The loess is the loess in the five-color soil of the construction water area, and the main chemical components of the loess are as follows: 5.45 wt% of ferric oxide, 75.31 wt% of silicon dioxide, 14.32 wt% of aluminum oxide, 5.91 wt% of sodium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, potassium oxide and the like, and the balance of impurities. The pH value is 4.6, and the pH value is weak acid.
The screw soil is mineral soil of a water construction site, and comprises main components of 48.78 wt% of calcium oxide, 6.15 wt% of silicon dioxide, 2.72 wt% of ferric oxide, 4.42 wt% of aluminum oxide, 0.721 wt% of sodium oxide, magnesium oxide, potassium oxide and the like, and the balance of impurities, wherein the pH value of the mineral soil is 9.2, and the mineral soil is alkalescent.
The firing method of the tea dust glaze comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 73% of loess and 27% of screw soil according to the mass ratio, smashing and uniformly mixing the loess and the screw soil to form mixed soil ore, adding the mixed soil ore into a ball milling tank, adding water, and carrying out ball milling for 70 hours to obtain thick yellow glaze slurry; in a ball milling tank, the mass ratio of the mixed soil ore to water to the ball stone is 1:0.5: 1.5;
(2) filtering the prepared glaze slurry by a 300-mesh filter screen, adding a proper amount of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain tea dust glaze slurry;
(3) glazing: taking dry blanks prepared by the Jianshui purple pottery red mud in advance, glazing the surfaces of the blanks by a glaze spraying method or a glaze dipping method, and naturally airing the glazed blanks;
(4) firing: putting the glazed and dried blank into a gas kiln, igniting and baking the blank after the blank is put into the gas kiln, slowly raising the temperature to 300 ℃ with small fire, keeping an air inlet and a chimney of the gas kiln unblocked, ensuring sufficient oxygen in the kiln, raising the temperature to 450 ℃ within 1 hour, slightly slowing the temperature to 1000 ℃, entering a strong reduction stage when the temperature in the kiln reaches about 1000 ℃, increasing the gas pressure, closing the chimney, carrying out strong reduction for 1 hour, raising the temperature to 150 ℃ during the strong reduction, then reducing the gas pressure, carrying out weak reduction for 1 hour, raising the temperature to 1220 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20 minutes, reaching the tea dust glaze cooked point, then shutting down the fire, naturally cooling and discharging the tea dust glaze from the kiln to obtain the product with the tea dust glaze on the surface.
The specific temperature rise process of the heating and firing of the blanks in the kiln is divided into the following ten stages:
the first stage is as follows: heating from room temperature to 90 ℃ for 60 minutes;
and a second stage: heating from 90 deg.C to 150 deg.C for 60 min;
and a third stage: heating from 150 deg.C to 220 deg.C for 60 min;
a fourth stage: heating from 220 deg.c to 300 deg.c for 60 min;
the fifth stage: heating from 300 ℃ to 450 ℃ for 60 minutes, and oxidizing and firing;
the sixth stage: heating from 450 ℃ to 980 ℃ for 240 minutes, and oxidizing and firing;
a seventh stage: heating from 980 deg.C to 1000 deg.C for 30 min, and reduction firing;
an eighth stage: heating from 1000 ℃ to 1150 ℃ for 90 minutes, and strongly reducing and firing;
the ninth stage: heating from 1150 ℃ to 1220 ℃ for 60 minutes, and weakly reducing and firing;
the tenth stage: the temperature is kept constant at 1220 ℃ for 20 minutes.
The tea dust glaze slip prepared by the invention is glazed on a green body and then is subjected to high-temperature reduction firing at the temperature of 1220-1250 ℃, wherein the calcium oxide component plays a role of a fluxing agent, ferric oxide is used as a coloring agent, third-order iron is reduced into second-order iron, the glaze surface is in a devitrification state, the glaze color is yellow-green and is doped with tea fine powder, green is called tea, yellow is called dust, and the texture of the tea dust glaze is fully embodied. The glaze is applied to two main types of pugs (white mud and red mud) for manufacturing Jianshui purple pottery and is fired, the glaze color is stable, the glaze surface effect is good, the matching property of a blank body and glaze is good, and the glaze color is basically not influenced by the blank body.
Claims (2)
1. A tea dust glaze prepared from natural mineral soil is characterized by comprising 73-77% of loess and 23-27% of screw soil in percentage by mass;
the loess is yellow soil in the water county of Yunnan province, and comprises 73-76 wt% of silicon dioxide, 12-15 wt% of aluminum oxide, 4.5-5.5 wt% of ferric oxide and the balance of other oxides and impurities, wherein the pH value is 4.2-4.8, and the loess is weakly acidic;
the screw soil is mineral soil in the county of Water construction in Yunnan province, and comprises 48-51 wt% of calcium oxide, 5.5-6.5 wt% of silicon dioxide, 2.4-2.8 wt% of ferric oxide, 4-4.5 wt% of aluminum oxide and the balance of other oxides and impurities, wherein the pH value is 8.5-9.5, and the mineral soil is alkalescent;
the firing method of the tea dust glaze comprises the following steps:
(1) smashing and uniformly mixing loess and screw soil according to a proportion, adding the mixed soil ore into a ball milling tank, adding water, and carrying out ball milling for 70-75 hours to obtain thick yellow glaze slip; in a ball milling tank, the mass ratio of the mixed soil ore to water to the ball stone is 1:0.5: 1.5;
(2) filtering the prepared glaze slurry by a 300-mesh filter screen, adding a proper amount of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain tea dust glaze slurry;
(3) glazing: taking dry blanks prepared by using Jianshui purple pottery white mud or Jianshui purple pottery red mud in advance, glazing the surfaces of the blanks by using a glaze spraying method or a glaze dipping method, and naturally airing the glazed blanks;
(4) And (3) firing: putting the glazed and dried blank into a gas kiln, igniting and baking the blank after the blank is put into the gas kiln, slowly raising the temperature to 300 ℃ with small fire, keeping an air inlet and a chimney of the gas kiln unblocked, ensuring sufficient oxygen in the kiln, raising the temperature to 450 ℃ within 1 hour, slightly slowing the temperature to 1000 ℃, entering a strong reduction stage when the temperature in the kiln reaches 1000 ℃, increasing the gas pressure, closing the chimney, carrying out strong reduction for 1 hour, raising the temperature to 150 ℃ during the strong reduction, then reducing the gas pressure for weak reduction for 1 hour, raising the temperature to 1220-1250 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20 minutes, reaching the tea dust glaze cooked point, then shutting down the fire, naturally cooling and discharging the tea dust glaze from the kiln to obtain a product with the tea dust glaze on the surface.
2. The tea dust glaze prepared from natural ore soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific temperature rise process of the blank kiln loading and heating firing is divided into the following ten stages:
the first stage is as follows: heating from room temperature to 90 ℃ for 60 minutes;
and a second stage: heating from 90 deg.C to 150 deg.C for 60 min;
and a third stage: heating from 150 deg.C to 220 deg.C for 60 min;
a fourth stage: heating from 220 deg.c to 300 deg.c for 60 min;
the fifth stage: heating from 300 ℃ to 450 ℃ for 60 minutes, and oxidizing and firing;
And a sixth stage: heating from 450 ℃ to 980 ℃ for 240 minutes, and oxidizing and firing;
a seventh stage: heating from 980 deg.C to 1000 deg.C for 30 min, and reduction firing;
an eighth stage: heating from 1000 ℃ to 1150 ℃ for 60 minutes, and strongly reducing and firing;
the ninth stage: heating to 1220-1250 ℃ from 1150 ℃, and firing in a weak reduction mode for 60 minutes;
the tenth stage: keeping the temperature of 1220-1250 ℃ for 20 minutes.
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