CN111702432B - Method for quickly manufacturing mold cavity part - Google Patents
Method for quickly manufacturing mold cavity part Download PDFInfo
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- CN111702432B CN111702432B CN202010349755.8A CN202010349755A CN111702432B CN 111702432 B CN111702432 B CN 111702432B CN 202010349755 A CN202010349755 A CN 202010349755A CN 111702432 B CN111702432 B CN 111702432B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/24—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass dies
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for quickly manufacturing a mold cavity part. The method comprises the following steps: manufacturing a ceramic base, wherein the surface geometry of the ceramic base is composed of a cavity geometry reverse plate and a cavity part bottom surface outline geometry reverse plate, and the surface smoothness meets the requirements of the cavity and the bottom surface outline; manufacturing a ceramic sleeve, wherein the inner contour shape of the ceramic sleeve is a reversed version of the geometric shape of the side contour of the cavity part, and the smoothness meets the requirement of the side contour; the outer surface of the ceramic sleeve is sleeved with graphite, the inner surface of the ceramic sleeve is sleeved on the ceramic base and forms a space with the ceramic base, and tool and die steel powder is filled in the space; axially pressing the powder to be completely compact at a temperature lower than the solidus line by 100 ℃ to a temperature corresponding to 30% of the volume fraction of the liquid phase under the pressure of 1-10MPa, stopping pressurizing and heating to obtain a cavity part blank, carrying out micro-machining on the top surface of the blank, and then carrying out heat treatment to obtain the final cavity part. The invention has the advantages of short production period, less equipment investment, less material waste, low production cost, energy conservation and environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of mold manufacturing, in particular to a method for quickly manufacturing a mold cavity part.
Background
The die is a tool which can make the blank produce plastic deformation in the cavity with certain geometric shape under the action of external stress, so as to produce the product with specific shape and size. Generally, a mold is composed of a plurality of parts, wherein a cavity part is a core part of the mold because the cavity part has a specific geometric shape required for forming a product, and other parts play roles of fixing, supporting, protecting and the like. The cavity of the cavity part usually has a very complex geometry, the surfaces of which usually require a high degree of finish, so that the manufacture of the cavity part is a very difficult task. The material used to make the cavity part is mainly tool and die steel, and the existing manufacturing process is as follows: selecting products manufactured by metallurgical enterprises, namely annealed working die steel (such as plates, bars, blocks and the like) as a blank, firstly, obtaining the outline dimensions of a rough-processed cavity and a near-finished cavity part through a series of tedious and complicated procedures of milling, turning, planing, grinding and the like in a precise numerical control machining center; at this time, vacuum quenching is performed; then, obtaining a cavity with a near-final size through precise numerical control electric spark machining; then, grinding and polishing are carried out to obtain the final size and finish degree of the cavity and the outline of the cavity part; and finally, carrying out vacuum tempering to obtain the required cavity part. Based on the above, the conventional mold manufacturing technology needs a series of lengthy and complicated machining and electric discharge machining processes to obtain the final size and finish of the cavity and the contour of the cavity part, and then the final cavity part is obtained through heat treatment. Therefore, the existing die manufacturing technology has long manufacturing period, high energy consumption and large equipment investment, and basically all materials removed by mechanical processing, electric spark processing and grinding and polishing are wasted, so that the production cost is high, and a certain environmental problem is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for rapidly manufacturing a mold cavity part.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for rapidly manufacturing a die cavity part, wherein the die cavity part is manufactured by using die steel, comprises the following steps:
a, manufacturing and assembling a hot-pressing assembly:
manufacturing a ceramic base, wherein the surface geometry of the ceramic base is composed of a cavity geometry reverse plate and a cavity part bottom surface outline geometry reverse plate, and the smoothness meets the requirements of the cavity and the bottom surface outline; manufacturing a ceramic sleeve, wherein the inner contour shape of the ceramic sleeve is a reverse version of the geometric shape of the side contour of the cavity part, and the smoothness meets the requirement of the side contour; manufacturing graphite which can be sleeved outside the ceramic sleeve; sleeving the graphite outside the ceramic sleeve, sleeving the lower part of the inner side of the ceramic sleeve, on which the graphite is sleeved, on the ceramic base, wherein the inner contour of the ceramic sleeve and the surface of the ceramic base enclose a space to form an assembly part;
b, accurately calculating and filling the weight of the die steel powder:
accurately calculating the weight of the tool and die steel powder required by a blank which is 1-2% higher than the height of the cavity part according to the geometric dimension of the cavity part and the theoretical density of the tool and die steel, and filling the tool and die steel powder with the weight into the space of the assembly in the step a;
c, axially pressing the tool die steel powder:
putting the assembly part filled with the tool and die steel powder in the step b into a working chamber of a hot press, putting a hot pressing head with a plane lower end surface into the upper part of the inner cavity of the ceramic sleeve of the assembly part filled with the tool and die steel powder, enabling the lower end surface of the hot pressing head to contact with the tool and die steel powder, and heating the tool and die steel powder to a preset high temperature under a vacuum or inert gas protective atmosphere; after the tool and die steel powder is heated to a preset high temperature, the hot pressing head is operated to move downwards to axially press the tool and die steel powder, the load applied on the hot pressing head is controlled to enable the tool and die steel powder to bear 1-10MPa of axial pressure, the axial pressure and the lateral pressure of the inner profile of the ceramic sleeve jointly act to form metallurgical bonding between the tool and die steel powder and densification of the tool and die steel powder, when the hot pressing head moves downwards to the height of the tool and die steel powder equal to the height of the blank used when the weight of the tool and die steel powder is calculated in the step b, the tool and die steel powder is completely densified, the downward movement of the hot pressing head is immediately stopped, the hot pressing head is stopped to pressurize and heat the tool and die steel powder, and at the moment, the completely densified tool and die steel powder completely copies the geometric shape of the surface of the ceramic base, The inner contour shape of the ceramic sleeve is used for obtaining the cavity with the final size and the finish degree and the bottom contour and the side contour of the cavity part, and the tool and die steel powder consolidation body at the moment forms a cavity part blank;
d micro machining of the cavity part blank:
c, grinding or milling and grinding the top surface of the cavity part blank pressed in the step c to obtain the final height of the cavity part and the required top surface outline finish;
e, heat treatment of the cavity part blank after micro-machining:
and d, carrying out heat treatment on the cavity part blank subjected to micro-machining in the step d to obtain the final die cavity part.
According to the scheme, the tool and die steel is cold-work die steel, hot-work die steel, alloy tool steel or high-speed tool steel containing Fe, C, Cr and one or more of W, Mo and V.
According to the scheme, the working chamber of the hot press is firstly vacuumized or is firstly vacuumized and then filled with inert gas, and the system pressure after vacuumizing is 1 multiplied by 10-2-9×10-2Pa; the inert gas is nitrogen or argon or helium, and the pressure is 0.05-0.1 MPa.
Preferably, the heating rate is 20-30 ℃/min.
Preferably, the high temperature ranges from a temperature below 100 ℃ of the powder solidus of the tool and die steel to a temperature corresponding to 30% of the volume fraction of the liquid phase.
Preferably, the downward speed of the hot-pressing head is 0.5-2 mm/s.
According to the scheme, the heat treatment comprises the following steps: d, heating and preserving heat of the cavity part blank machined in a micro-machining mode in the step d in vacuum to finish austenitizing; then quenching treatment is carried out by using high-pressure nitrogen or argon or helium; and finally, carrying out vacuum tempering to obtain the final cavity part.
According to the scheme, the austenitizing temperature is 1000-1300 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 0.5-2 hours.
According to the scheme, the vacuum tempering temperature is 400-600 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1-4 hours, and the tempering is carried out for 2-4 times.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. compared with the prior art for manufacturing the die cavity part, the process of the invention is greatly reduced, so that the production period is greatly shortened.
2. Compared with the prior art for manufacturing the die cavity part, the method has the advantages that the process is greatly reduced, the required equipment is greatly reduced, and the equipment investment is greatly reduced.
3. Compared with the prior art for manufacturing the die cavity part, the process of the invention is greatly reduced, so that the energy consumed in the manufacturing process is greatly reduced.
4. In the existing technology for manufacturing a die cavity part, machining, electric spark machining and grinding and polishing cause waste of expensive high-alloy-content tool and die steel, and materials removed by machining also cause environmental problems; in the process of manufacturing the die cavity part, the top surface of the pressed cavity part blank is only subjected to micro grinding or milling and grinding processing, so that the material is greatly saved, and the environmental problem is low.
5. Compared with the prior art for manufacturing the die cavity part, the invention has the advantages of shortening the production period, reducing the equipment investment, reducing the energy consumption and reducing the material waste, thereby greatly reducing the production cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cavity part of a gear forging die in accordance with embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a ceramic submount in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a ceramic sleeve according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an assembly of the ceramic sleeve of FIG. 3 with the ceramic base of FIG. 2, over-wrapped with graphite;
FIG. 5 is an optical microscope photograph of the vicinity of the cavity surface after quenching + tempering of the cavity member manufactured by the method of the present invention in example 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a cavity part of the extrusion mold in embodiment 2;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a ceramic submount in example 2;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a ceramic sleeve according to embodiment 2;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an assembly of the ceramic sleeve of FIG. 8 with the ceramic base of FIG. 7, over-wrapped with graphite;
FIG. 10 is an optical microscopic photograph of the vicinity of the cavity surface after quenching + tempering of the cavity member produced by the method of the present invention in example 2;
in the figure: 1. a cavity of a cavity part in example 1, 2, a bottom surface contour of a cavity part in example 1, 3, a side surface contour of a cavity part in example 1, 4, a top surface contour of a cavity part in example 1, 5, a cavity reverse on a ceramic base in example 1, 6, a bottom surface contour reverse on a ceramic base in example 1, 7, a side surface contour reverse on a ceramic sleeve in example 1, 8, graphite in example 1, 9, a ceramic sleeve in example 1, 10, a ceramic base in example 1, 11, a cavity of a cavity part in example 2, 12, a bottom surface contour of a cavity part in example 2, 13, a side surface contour of a cavity part in example 2, 14, a top surface contour of a cavity part in example 2, 15, a cavity reverse on a ceramic base in example 2, 16, a bottom surface contour on a ceramic base in example 2, 17. the side profile on the ceramic sleeve of example 2 is reversed, 18, graphite of example 2, 19, the ceramic sleeve of example 2, 20, the ceramic base of example 2.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The object of this example is to use hot work die steel H13[ Fe- (0.32-0.45) C- (4.75-5.50) Cr- (1.10-1.75) Mo- (0.80-1.20) V- (0.20-0.50) Mn- (0.80-1.20) Si- (0.00-0.30) Ni, theoretical density 7.75g/cm3The solidus temperature is 1315 ℃ and the liquidus temperature is 1454 DEG C]A cavity part of a gear forging die as shown in FIG. 1 is manufactured, wherein the cavity, bottom surface contour, side surface contour and top surface contour are respectively designated by numerals 1, 2, 3 and 4 (in the process of manufacturing the cavity part by powder axial pressing, the surface of the cavity part in contact with the ceramic base is called bottom surface since it is located at the bottom of the cavity part, and the contour of the bottom surface except the cavity is called bottom surface contour; the surface of the cavity part in contact with the hot press ram is called top surface since it is located at the top of the cavity part, and the contour of the top surface except the cavity is called top surface contour; i.e. the surface not in contact with the ceramic base nor with the hot press ram is called side surface, and the corresponding contour is called side surface contour). The ceramic base in fig. 2 is manufactured by slip casting, the surface geometry of the ceramic base consists of a reverse version of the geometry of the cavity in fig. 1 (labeled 5 in fig. 2) and a reverse version of the geometry of the bottom surface profile in fig. 1 (labeled 6 in fig. 2), and the smoothness meets the requirements of the cavity and the bottom surface profile in fig. 1. The ceramic sleeve of FIG. 3 was produced by slip casting, having an inside profile in the form of a negative (7 in FIG. 3) of the side profile geometry of FIG. 1, smooth finishThe degree meets the requirement of the profile of the side surface in figure 1. The graphite (8 in fig. 4) is sleeved outside the ceramic sleeve (9 in fig. 4) in fig. 3, the lower part of the inner side of the ceramic sleeve, the graphite of which is sleeved outside, is sleeved on the ceramic base (10 in fig. 4) in fig. 2, and the inner contour of the ceramic sleeve and the surface of the ceramic base form a space to form an assembly part, as shown in fig. 4. According to the geometric dimensions of the cavity part in FIG. 1, namely a cylinder with the diameter of 150 mm and the height of 50 mm and containing the cavity inside, and the theoretical density of H13 steel is 7.75g/cm3The weight of H13 steel powder required was 6155.4 g, the weight of H13 steel powder was filled in the space of the fitting in fig. 4, the fitting with H13 steel powder was placed in the working chamber of the hot press, and the hot press head with a flat lower end face was placed in the upper part of the inner cavity of the ceramic sleeve of fig. 4 filled with H13 steel powder, so that the lower end face of the hot press head contacted the filled H13 steel powder. Firstly, the working chamber of the hot press is vacuumized to 4 x 10-2Pa, heating H13 steel powder to 1250 ℃ at the speed of 30 ℃/min, wherein the temperature is 65 ℃ lower than the solidus temperature 1315 ℃, H13 steel powder is in an all-solid state, operating a hot-pressing head to descend at the speed of 1.5 mm/s to axially press the H13 steel powder, controlling the load applied on the hot-pressing head to enable the H13 steel powder to be subjected to the axial pressure of 8MPa, wherein the axial pressure and the lateral pressure of the inner profile of the ceramic sleeve jointly act to form metallurgical bonding among the H13 steel powder and densification of the H13 steel powder, when the hot-pressing head descends to the height of the H13 steel powder equal to 50.5 mm, the H13 steel powder is fully densified, immediately stopping descending the hot-pressing head and stopping pressurizing the hot-pressing head and heating the H13 steel powder, and at the time, the fully-densified H13 steel powder fully replicates the geometric morphology of the surface of the ceramic base and the inner profile shape of the ceramic sleeve, the H13 steel powder consolidation forms the cavity part blank, resulting in the final size and finish of the cavity and the bottom and side profiles of the cavity part. When the cavity part blank is cooled to below 200 ℃, taking the cavity part blank out of the working chamber of the hot press, and carrying out micro grinding on the top surface of the cavity part blank, namely the surface in contact with the hot press head, so as to remove 0.5 mmMeter height, to achieve a final cavity part height of 50 mm and a desired top surface profile finish. Heating the cavity part blank subjected to micro grinding to 1050 ℃ in vacuum, and preserving heat for 1 hour to complete austenitizing; quenching with high-pressure nitrogen; then tempering is carried out in vacuum at the tempering temperature of 580 ℃ for 2 hours, and the tempering is carried out for 2 times to obtain the final cavity part. The density of the material near the cavity is 7.73-7.75g/cm through testing3I.e., a relative density of 99.7% to 100%, is substantially fully dense. FIG. 5 is an optical microscopic image of the vicinity of the surface of the cavity after quenching and tempering of the above-described cavity part manufactured by the method of the present invention, with an average carbide size of 3.1 μm; tests show that the average hardness of the surface of the cavity after quenching and tempering is HRC49.7, and the average three-point bending strength of the cavity part is 3249 MPa. In the prior art, the cast H13 steel used for manufacturing the cavity part of the gear forging die is examined, and in the present example, under the conditions of vacuum quenching and vacuum tempering described above, the average carbide size is 5.1 μm, the average hardness HRC is 48.0, and the average three-point bending strength is 3107 MPa.
Example 2
The present example is aimed at using alloy tool steel CPM10V [ Fe- (2.35-2.55) C- (9.30-10.25) V- (4.75-5.50) Cr- (1.10-1.45) Mo, theoretical density 7.50g/cm3The solidus temperature is about 1275 ℃ and the liquidus temperature is about 1350 DEG C]A cavity part of an extrusion die is manufactured as shown in fig. 6, wherein the cavity, bottom profile, side profile and top profile are marked with numerals 11, 12, 13 and 14, respectively. The ceramic base in fig. 7 is manufactured by slip casting, the surface geometry of the ceramic base consists of a reverse version of the geometry of the cavity in fig. 6 (marked 15 in fig. 7) and a reverse version of the geometry of the bottom profile in fig. 6 (marked 16 in fig. 7), and the smoothness meets the requirements of the cavity and the bottom profile in fig. 6. The ceramic sleeve of fig. 8 is manufactured by slip casting, and the inner contour shape is a reverse version of the geometric shape of the side profile of fig. 6 (marked with 17 in fig. 8), and the smoothness meets the requirements of the side profile of fig. 6. The graphite (18 in figure 9) is sleeved outside the ceramic sleeve (19 in figure 9) in figure 8, the lower part of the inner side of the ceramic sleeve sleeved with the graphite is sleeved on the ceramic base (20 in figure 9) in figure 6, and the inner outline of the ceramic sleeve and the surface of the ceramic base form a space to form a structureThe assembly, as shown in fig. 9. According to the geometric dimensions of the die cavity part in FIG. 6, namely, the diameter of a cylinder with 120 mm and the height of a cylinder with 55 mm containing a die cavity inside, and the theoretical density of CPM0V steel is 7.50g/cm3The blank with a pressing height of 56.1 mm, i.e. 2% above the height of the cavity part, was accurately calculated and the required weight of CPM10V steel powder was 3770.6 g, this weight of CPM10V steel powder was loaded into the fitting space in fig. 9, the fitting containing CPM10V steel powder was placed in the working chamber of the hot press, and a hot press ram with a flat lower end face was placed in the upper part of the ceramic sleeve cavity in fig. 9, which was loaded with CPM10V steel powder, so that the lower end face of the hot press ram contacted the loaded CPM10V steel powder. Firstly, the working chamber of the hot press is vacuumized to 2 x 10-2Pa, followed by argon to a pressure of 0.08MPa, and then the CPM10V steel powder was heated at a rate of 20 deg.C/min to 1285 deg.C at which temperature the liquid phase volume fraction was about 15%. The hot pressing head is operated to descend at the speed of 2 mm/s, the CPM10V steel powder is axially pressed, the load applied to the hot pressing head is controlled to enable the CPM10V steel powder to be subjected to the axial pressure of 5MPa, the axial pressure and the lateral pressure of the inner profile of the ceramic sleeve act together to form metallurgical bonding between the CPM10V steel powder and densify the CPM10V steel powder, when the hot press ram was lowered to a height of 56.1 mm for the CPM10V steel powder, and (3) completely compacting the CPM10V steel powder, immediately stopping descending the hot-pressing head, stopping pressurizing the hot-pressing head, and heating the CPM10V steel powder, wherein the completely compacted CPM10V steel powder completely copies the geometric appearance of the surface of the ceramic base and the inner contour of the ceramic sleeve to obtain a cavity with final size and finish and the bottom contour and the side contour of a cavity part, and the CPM10V steel powder is solidified to form a cavity part blank. And when the cavity part blank is cooled to below 200 ℃, taking the cavity part blank out of the working chamber of the hot press, carrying out micro milling on the top surface of the cavity part blank, namely the surface in contact with the hot press head to remove the height of 0.9 mm, and then carrying out micro grinding to remove the height of 0.2 mm to obtain the final height of 55 mm of the cavity part, so that the top hole of the cavity is communicated with the top surface, and the required top surface outline finish degree is achieved. After micro-milling and grindingHeating the cavity part blank to 1230 ℃ in vacuum, and preserving heat for 0.6 hour to finish austenitizing; quenching by using high-pressure argon; then tempering is carried out in vacuum at the tempering temperature of 540 ℃ for 1 hour for 3 times to obtain the final cavity part. The density of the material near the cavity is 7.49-7.50g/cm through testing3I.e., a relative density of 99.9% to 100%, is substantially fully dense. FIG. 10 is an optical microscopic image of the vicinity of the cavity surface after quenching and tempering of the cavity member manufactured by the method of the present invention, and the average carbide size is 4.5 μm. Tests show that the average hardness of the surface of the cavity after quenching and tempering is HRC63.0, and the average three-point bending strength of the cavity part is 4200 MPa.
Claims (6)
1. A method of rapidly manufacturing a mold cavity part, comprising: the manufacturing of the die cavity part by the die steel comprises the following steps:
a, manufacturing and assembling a hot-pressing assembly:
manufacturing a ceramic base, wherein the surface geometry of the ceramic base is composed of a cavity geometry reverse plate and a cavity part bottom surface outline geometry reverse plate, and the smoothness meets the requirements of the cavity and the bottom surface outline; the manufacture of the ceramic sleeve is carried out,
the inner contour shape of the ceramic sleeve is a reverse version of the geometric shape of the side contour of the cavity part, and the smoothness meets the requirement of the side contour; manufacturing graphite which can be sleeved outside the ceramic sleeve; sleeving the graphite outside the ceramic sleeve, sleeving the lower part of the inner side of the ceramic sleeve, on which the graphite is sleeved, on the ceramic base, wherein the inner outline of the ceramic sleeve and the ceramic base are
A space is enclosed on the surface of the ceramic base to form an assembly part;
b, accurately calculating and filling the weight of the die steel powder:
accurately calculating the weight of the tool and die steel powder required by a blank which is 1-2% higher than the height of the cavity part according to the geometric dimension of the cavity part and the theoretical density of the tool and die steel, and enabling the tool and die with the weight
Steel powder is filled in the space of the assembly in the step a;
c, axially pressing the tool die steel powder:
putting the assembly part filled with the tool and die steel powder in the step b into a working chamber of a hot press, putting a hot pressing head with a plane lower end surface into the upper part of the inner cavity of the ceramic sleeve of the assembly part filled with the tool and die steel powder, enabling the lower end surface of the hot pressing head to contact with the tool and die steel powder, and heating the tool and die steel powder to a preset high temperature under a vacuum or inert gas protective atmosphere; after the tool and die steel powder is heated to a preset high temperature, the hot pressing head is operated to move downwards to axially press the tool and die steel powder, the load applied on the hot pressing head is controlled to enable the tool and die steel powder to bear 1-10MPa of axial pressure, the axial pressure and the lateral pressure of the inner profile of the ceramic sleeve jointly act to form metallurgical bonding between the tool and die steel powder and densification of the tool and die steel powder, when the hot pressing head moves downwards to the height of the tool and die steel powder equal to the height of the blank used when the weight of the tool and die steel powder is calculated in the step b, the tool and die steel powder is completely densified, the downward movement of the hot pressing head is immediately stopped, the hot pressing head is stopped to pressurize and heat the tool and die steel powder, and at the moment, the completely densified tool and die steel powder completely copies the geometric shape of the surface of the ceramic base, The inner contour shape of the ceramic sleeve is used for obtaining the cavity with the final size and the finish degree and the bottom contour and the side contour of the cavity part, and the tool and die steel powder consolidation body at the moment forms a cavity part blank;
d micro machining of the cavity part blank:
c, grinding or milling and grinding the top surface of the cavity part blank pressed in the step c to obtain the final height of the cavity part and the required top surface outline finish;
e, heat treatment of the cavity part blank after micro-machining:
d, carrying out heat treatment on the cavity part blank subjected to micro-machining in the step d to obtain a final die cavity part;
the heating rate is 20-30 ℃/min;
the high temperature ranges from the temperature lower than the tool and die steel powder solidus line by 100 ℃ to the temperature corresponding to the liquid phase volume fraction of 30%;
the downward speed of the hot pressing head is 0.5-2 mm/s.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the tool and die steel is cold-work die steel, hot-work die steel, alloy tool steel or high-speed tool steel containing Fe, C, Cr and one or more of W, Mo and V.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: firstly vacuumizing the working chamber of the hot press or firstly vacuumizing the working chamber of the hot press and then filling inert gas, wherein the system pressure after vacuumizing is 1 multiplied by 10-2-9×10-2Pa; the inert gas is nitrogen or argon or helium, and the pressure is 0.05-0.1 MPa.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the heat treatment comprises the following steps: d, heating and preserving heat of the cavity part blank machined in a micro-machining mode in the step d in vacuum to finish austenitizing; then quenching treatment is carried out by using high-pressure nitrogen or argon or helium; and finally, carrying out vacuum tempering to obtain the final cavity part.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: the austenitizing temperature is 1000-1300 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 0.5-2 hours.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein: the vacuum tempering temperature is 400-600 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1-4 hours, and the tempering is carried out for 2-4 times.
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