CN111702310B - Method for comprehensively evaluating electrode centering state of resistance spot welding tongs - Google Patents
Method for comprehensively evaluating electrode centering state of resistance spot welding tongs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111702310B CN111702310B CN202010551275.XA CN202010551275A CN111702310B CN 111702310 B CN111702310 B CN 111702310B CN 202010551275 A CN202010551275 A CN 202010551275A CN 111702310 B CN111702310 B CN 111702310B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- spot welding
- test piece
- electrode
- spot
- welding electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 597
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 195
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012854 evaluation process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/10—Spot welding; Stitch welding
- B23K11/11—Spot welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/10—Spot welding; Stitch welding
- B23K11/11—Spot welding
- B23K11/115—Spot welding by means of two electrodes placed opposite one another on both sides of the welded parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/36—Auxiliary equipment
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Resistance Welding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for comprehensively evaluating the electrode centering state of a resistance spot welding electrode holder, which specifically comprises the following steps: preparation work before evaluation; positioning a spot welding electrode; the spot welding electrode starts to perform spot welding on the spot welding test piece; observing or measuring the appearance form and the size parameters of the spot welding test piece after spot welding; and evaluating the centering state of the spot welding electrode according to the appearance and the size parameters of the spot welding test piece after spot welding. The method of the invention does not need a special detection device, can completely and accurately evaluate the centering state of the spot welder only by using the test piece in a production field, has simple and intuitive evaluation process, and is convenient for analyzing actual problems such as welding quality related to the centering state of the spot welder or whether the available pressure range of the spot welder is qualified.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of performance detection of spot welding equipment, and particularly relates to a method for comprehensively evaluating the electrode centering state of a resistance spot welding electrode holder.
Background
In the prior art, when spot welding equipment is used for spot welding of parts, if the centering state of an upper electrode and a lower electrode is not good, welding quality defects such as splashing on the surface of a welding spot, inconsistent or uneven depth of the indentation of the welding spot and the like are easy to occur, the maximum electrode pressure available for a welding tongs is reduced, aging or abrasion of mechanical parts such as an electrode connecting rod or a welding tongs arm is accelerated, and the service life and rigidity of the welding tongs are reduced; meanwhile, the reduction in rigidity of the electrode holder causes further deterioration in the centering state of the spot welding electrode during welding. Therefore, monitoring and evaluating the centering state of the spot welding electrode and adjusting the spot welding electrode in time are necessary for improving the welding quality and controlling the operation cost.
Since the spot welding electrode is elastically deformed when applying electrode pressure to a workpiece, the centering state of the electrode is generally deteriorated; when the power is supplied, the materials between the electrode and the workpiece and between the workpiece are heated and melted, and the friction coefficient of the contact part is changed, so that the displacement and plastic deformation are easily generated between the electrode and the workpiece and between the workpiece and the workpiece, and the centering state of the electrode is further deteriorated; further, when there is a problem in the rigidity of the electrode holder, the influence of pressurization and energization on the electrode centering state becomes more remarkable.
In summary, the spot welding electrode centering state in the actual spot welding process is changed along with the changes of factors such as electrode pressure, electrode holder rigidity, friction force between the electrode and the workpiece, friction force between the workpiece and the like on the basis of the spot welding electrode no-load centering state, and is not a fixed value.
In the prior art, the detection technology of the centering state of the spot welding electrode is used for detecting whether the specific numerical value of the characteristic parameter of the centering state of the spot welding electrode is in a qualified range at a certain stage (for example, corresponding stages such as no load, after pressurization or after electrification) in the spot welding process, and the detection method has the following defects:
1. when a more accurate detection result is required, a special detection device is required, and the detection cost is higher.
2. In the spot welding process, the influence of the spot welding electrode centering state on the welding quality cannot be completely reflected by the result of the spot welding electrode centering state in a single stage;
3. the relation between the detection result of the centering state of the spot welding electrode and parameters which indirectly reflect the welding quality such as the welding quality or the available pressure range of the welding tongs (namely, the available pressure range of the welding tongs when the welding spot quality requirement is met) is not intuitive, and the analysis of field practical problems is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a method for comprehensively evaluating the centering state of an electrode of a resistance spot welding electrode holder, which can completely and accurately evaluate the centering state of the electrode holder in a production field by only using a test piece on the premise of no need of a special detection device, has simple and intuitive evaluation process, and is convenient for analyzing actual problems such as whether the welding quality related to the centering state of the electrode holder or the available pressure range of the electrode holder is qualified or not. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows by combining the attached drawings of the specification:
a method for comprehensively evaluating the electrode centering state of a resistance spot welding electrode holder comprises the following steps:
s1: preparation work before evaluation;
s2: positioning a spot welding electrode;
s3: the spot welding electrode starts to perform spot welding on a spot welding test piece;
s4: observing or measuring the appearance and the size parameters of the spot welding test piece after spot welding;
s5: and evaluating the centering state of the spot welding electrode according to the appearance and the size parameters of the spot welding test piece after spot welding.
Further, in the step S1, the preparation work includes the following three aspects, and there is no order requirement between the preparation works:
(1) preparing a spot welding test piece;
the spot welding test piece consists of an upper spot welding test piece and a lower spot welding test piece, and the spot welding mark positions on the upper surface and the lower surface are vertically symmetrical;
(2) preparing a spot welding electrode;
the spot welding electrodes comprise an upper spot welding electrode and a lower spot welding electrode, and are polished to meet the use requirements;
(3) setting spot welding parameters;
the spot welding parameters include: pre-pressing time, electrode pressure, energizing time, and welding current.
Furthermore, the upper and lower spot welding test pieces are identical in shape and size.
Furthermore, the upper spot welding test piece and the lower spot welding test piece are arranged in an aligned mode.
Furthermore, welding spot position marks are arranged at the expected spot welding positions of the upper surface and the lower surface of the spot welding test piece.
Furthermore, in the spot welding test piece, the upper spot welding test piece and the lower spot welding test piece are fixedly connected to form a fixed-layer spot welding test piece, or the upper spot welding test piece and the lower spot welding test piece are contacted to form a movable-layer spot welding test piece.
Further, in step S2, one of the upper spot welding electrode or the lower spot welding electrode is aligned with the center position of the spot welding mark on the surface of the test piece corresponding to the upper spot welding electrode or the lower spot welding electrode, so as to position the welding position of the upper spot welding electrode or the lower spot welding electrode on the spot welding test piece, thereby facilitating analysis of the influence of the centering state of the spot welding electrode on the welding position, the electrode indentation, and the like;
in step S3, the spot welding process is started, the spot welding test piece is clamped and fixed between the upper and lower spot welding electrodes, and the spot welding electrodes start to perform spot welding on the spot welding test piece according to the spot welding parameters set in step S1.
Further, in step S2, positioning the spot welding test piece by using a welding jig;
the upper surface of the welding fixture is provided with a positioning groove for positioning one end and two sides of a spot welding test piece, the bottom of the welding fixture and the expected spot welding position of the lower surface of the spot welding test piece are provided with positioning holes, and the outline shape and the size of the inner side surface of each positioning hole are matched with the outline shape and the size of the outer circumference of the lower spot welding electrode;
the lower spot welding electrode is aligned to and penetrates through a positioning hole at the bottom of the welding fixture and is pressed against the lower surface of the lower spot welding test piece, so that the lower spot welding electrode and the welding position are positioned on the spot welding test piece; (ii) a
In step S3, the spot welding process is started, the spot welding test piece is held between the upper and lower spot welding electrodes, the spot welding test piece is separated from the welding jig, and the spot welding electrodes start spot welding on the spot welding test piece according to the spot welding parameters set in step S1.
Further, in step S4, after spot welding is completed, the spot welding test piece is taken down, and the appearance of the spot welding test piece after spot welding is visually observed to obtain the shape parameters of the spot welding test piece after spot welding;
the shape parameters of the spot-welded test piece comprise: the test piece comprises a spot welding electrode, a test piece base and a test piece base, wherein the spot welding electrode is provided with a spot welding indentation, the spot welding indentation is provided with a spot welding electrode, the spot welding indentation is provided with a relative offset between the spot welding indentation of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding indentation of the lower spot welding electrode, the offset of the upper test piece and the lower test piece in the length direction of the test piece, the offset of the upper test piece and the lower test piece in the width direction of the test piece, and the relative rotation angle of the upper test piece and the lower test piece.
Further, estimating the spot welding electrode centering state according to the spot welding test piece spot welding morphological parameters obtained in the step S4, and obtaining an estimation result;
and the evaluation result is that the morphological parameters of the spot-welded test piece are qualified or unqualified.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method for comprehensively evaluating the centering state of the electrode of the resistance spot welding tongs can accurately judge the centering state of the electrode of the spot welding tongs only by using the test piece in a production field, does not need a special detection device, and greatly reduces the detection cost.
2. According to the method for comprehensively evaluating the electrode centering state of the resistance spot welding electrode holder, the influence of the electrode centering state of the spot welding electrode on the welding quality or the available pressure range of the electrode holder can be completely evaluated by analyzing the appearance state of the spot-welded test piece.
3. The method for comprehensively evaluating the electrode centering state of the resistance spot welding tongs has the advantages that the test result is visually connected with the welding quality, the evaluation process is simple and visual, and the analysis on the actual problems of the welding quality related to the electrode centering state or whether the available pressure range of the welding tongs is qualified or not is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of a method for comprehensively evaluating the electrode centering state of a resistance spot welding holder according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a spot welding coupon using interlayer fixation in the method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a spot welding coupon using interlayer fixation in the method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of a spot welding coupon using interlaminar motion in the method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a spot welding coupon using interlaminar motion in accordance with the method of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the installation of a spot welding strip moving between layers on a welding fixture in the method of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a state where the spot welding test piece moving between layers is detached from the welding jig in the method of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing an appearance state of a spot-welded spot welding test piece fixed between layers in the method of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the appearance of a spot-welded spot welding test piece moving between layers in the method of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-upper spot welding test piece, 2-lower spot welding test piece, 3-upper spot welding electrode,
4-lower spot welding electrode, 5-spot welding test piece fixing welding spot, 6-spot welding mark,
7-welding fixture, 8-spot welding indentation.
Detailed Description
For clearly and completely describing the technical scheme and the specific working process thereof, the specific implementation mode of the invention is as follows by combining the attached drawings of the specification:
in the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "above," and "over" a second feature may be directly on or obliquely above the second feature, or simply mean that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment discloses a method for comprehensively evaluating the electrode centering state of a resistance spot welding electrode holder, as shown in fig. 1, the method specifically comprises the following processes:
s1: preparation work before evaluation;
the preparation work comprises the following three aspects, and the preparation work has no sequence requirement:
(1) preparing a spot welding test piece;
as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the spot welding test piece is composed of an upper spot welding test piece 1 and a lower spot welding test piece 2, the upper spot welding test piece 1 and the lower spot welding test piece 2 are identical in shape and size, and both adopt a steel plate with a thickness of 1.2mm and a material model of st13, and both ends of the upper spot welding test piece 1 and the lower spot welding test piece 2 are fixed by welding to form a spot welding test piece fixing welding spot 5, so as to form a spot welding test piece with interlayer fixation;
spot welding marks are sprayed at the predicted spot welding positions in the middle of the upper surface and the lower surface of the spot welding test piece fixed between the layers, and the spot welding marks on the upper surface and the lower surface are vertically symmetrical;
the spot welding mark is used for providing reference for visually observing and judging the position deviation and deformation condition of a spot welding indentation, and in the first specific implementation, the spot welding mark consists of 3 concentric circles with equal radial intervals and 4 radial straight lines uniformly distributed on the circumference of the concentric circles;
(2) preparing a spot welding electrode;
the spot welding electrodes comprise an upper spot welding electrode 3 and a lower spot welding electrode 4, the spot welding electrodes adopt used old spot welding electrodes or new spot welding electrodes, and the spot welding electrodes are polished by a double-sided spot welding electrode die repairing device so as to enable the spot welding electrodes to meet evaluation requirements;
in the step of preparing the spot welding electrode, when the spot welding electrode is required to be positioned before spot welding of a subsequent spot welding test piece, a new spot welding electrode needs to be replaced and used so as to avoid influence on the positioning accuracy of the spot welding test piece due to too short axial length of the used old spot welding electrode; and if the spot welding electrode is not needed for positioning, selecting the used old spot welding electrode.
(3) Setting spot welding parameters;
in the first embodiment, the spot welding electrode centering state of the spot welding tongs under the electrode pressure of 3kN is to be comprehensively evaluated, so the spot welding parameters are set as follows:
the pre-pressing time was 20cyc (cyc is cycle, 50cyc for 1 second, 50 cycle, 50cyc for 50Hz ac frequency), the electrode pressure was 3kN, the energization time was 12cyc, and the welding current was 7 kA.
S2: positioning the spot welding electrode and clamping a spot welding test piece;
as shown in fig. 2, the lower spot welding electrode 4 is aligned with and pressed against the spot welding mark center position on the lower surface of the lower spot welding test piece 2, so as to realize the fixed position of the welding position of the lower spot welding electrode on the spot welding test piece;
s3: the spot welding electrode starts to perform spot welding on the spot welding test piece;
starting a spot welding program, clamping and fixing a spot welding test piece between an upper spot welding electrode and a lower spot welding electrode, and starting the spot welding of the spot welding electrodes on the spot welding test piece according to the spot welding parameters set in the step S1;
s4: observing or measuring the appearance and the size parameters of the spot welding test piece after spot welding;
after the spot welding finishes, take off the spot welding test piece, the visual observation spot welding test piece's after spot welding outward appearance form obtains spot welding test piece spot welding back form parameter, in this embodiment one, to the fixed spot welding test piece between the layer, spot welding test piece spot welding back form parameter includes: the spot welding electrode impression uniformity degree and the relative offset between the spot welding impression of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding impression of the lower spot welding electrode are shown in the specification, wherein:
the spot welding electrode indentation uniformity comprises two aspects:
on one hand, the method comprises the following steps: when the angle is 0 degree, the spot welding electrode indentation plane is parallel to the test piece, the indentation uniformity is good, otherwise, the larger the angle is, the better the indentation uniformity is;
another aspect refers to: the degree of consistency between the shape of the spot welding electrode indentation and the shape of the spot welding electrode end face, for example, the electrode end face is circular, the shape of the spot welding electrode indentation is elliptical, and the more the shape of the spot welding electrode indentation tends to be circular, the better the uniformity is;
the relative offset between the spot welding impression of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding impression of the lower spot welding electrode refers to: as shown in fig. 10, the spot welding indentation of the upper spot welding electrode on the upper surface of the upper spot welding test piece and the spot welding indentation of the lower spot welding electrode on the lower surface of the lower spot welding test piece are clearly visible relative to the corresponding spot welding mark positions, and the relative offset between the two can be obtained by comparison;
in addition, the form parameters of the spot welding test piece after spot welding can be obtained by adopting a machine measurement mode, the appearance image of the spot welding test piece after spot welding is collected through a machine vision technology, and the form parameters of the spot welding test piece after spot welding can be obtained through calculation and analysis.
S5: evaluating the centering state of the spot welding electrode according to the appearance and the size parameters of the spot welding test piece after spot welding;
evaluating the centering state of the spot welding electrode according to the spot welding morphological parameters of the spot welding test piece obtained in the step S4 and obtaining an evaluation result;
the evaluation result is that the morphological parameters of the spot-welded test piece are qualified or unqualified;
taking the relative offset between the spot welding impression of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding impression of the lower spot welding electrode as an example:
setting the relative offset between the spot welding impression of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding impression of the lower spot welding electrode to be less than or equal to 0.5mm, when the obtained relative offset between the spot welding impression of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding impression of the lower spot welding electrode is 0.6mm, evaluating that the centering state of the spot welding electrode is unqualified, and when the obtained relative offset between the spot welding impression of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding impression of the lower spot welding electrode is 0.4mm, evaluating that the centering state of the spot welding electrode is qualified;
in addition, according to the pre-set spot welding test piece spot welding morphological parameter values, the corresponding evaluation result can be directly used as the adjustment requirement of the spot welding equipment after being obtained;
taking the relative offset between the spot welding impression of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding impression of the lower spot welding electrode as an example:
the qualified area for setting the relative offset between the spot welding impression of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding impression of the lower spot welding electrode is as follows: less than or equal to 0.5mm, when the obtained 'relative offset between the spot welding indentation of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding indentation of the lower spot welding electrode' is less than 0.4mm, only recording the relative offset without adjusting spot welding equipment, and when the obtained 'relative offset between the spot welding indentation of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding indentation of the lower spot welding electrode' is between 0.4mm and 0.5mm, adjusting the spot welding equipment as soon as possible to enable the corresponding 'relative offset between the spot welding indentation of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding indentation of the lower spot welding electrode' to be in a qualified area; when the obtained relative offset between the spot welding impression of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding impression of the lower spot welding electrode is larger than 0.5mm, the production is stopped immediately, and the equipment is adjusted to enable the corresponding relative offset between the spot welding impression of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding impression of the lower spot welding electrode to be in a qualified area.
Example two:
the second embodiment discloses a method for comprehensively evaluating the electrode centering state of a resistance spot welding electrode holder, as shown in fig. 1, the method specifically comprises the following processes:
s1: preparation work before evaluation;
the preparation work comprises the following three aspects, and the preparation work has no sequence requirement:
(1) preparing a spot welding test piece;
as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the spot welding test piece comprises an upper spot welding test piece 1 and a lower spot welding test piece 2, the upper spot welding test piece 1 and the lower spot welding test piece 2 have the same shape and size, both adopt a steel plate with a thickness of 1.2mm and a material model of st13, and the upper spot welding test piece 1 and the lower spot welding test piece 2 are not fixedly connected to each other, so as to form a spot welding test piece with interlayer movement;
spot welding marks are sprayed at the predicted spot welding positions at one end of the upper surface and one end of the lower surface of the spot welding test piece fixed between the layers, and the spot welding marks on the upper surface and the lower surface are vertically symmetrical;
the spot welding mark is used for providing reference for visually observing and judging the position deviation and deformation condition of the spot welding indentation, and in the second specific implementation, the spot welding mark consists of 3 concentric circles with equal radial intervals and 4 radial straight lines uniformly distributed on the circumference of the concentric circles;
(2) preparing a spot welding electrode;
the spot welding electrodes comprise an upper spot welding electrode 3 and a lower spot welding electrode 4, the spot welding electrodes adopt used old spot welding electrodes or new spot welding electrodes, and the spot welding electrodes are polished by a double-sided spot welding electrode mold repairing device so as to enable the spot welding electrodes to meet evaluation requirements;
in the step of preparing the spot welding electrode, when the spot welding electrode is required to be positioned before spot welding of a subsequent spot welding test piece, a new spot welding electrode needs to be replaced and used so as to avoid influence on the positioning accuracy of the spot welding test piece due to too short axial length of the used old spot welding electrode; if the spot welding electrode is not needed for positioning, the used old spot welding electrode is selected.
(3) Setting spot welding parameters;
in the second embodiment, the spot welding electrode centering state of the spot welding tongs under the pressure of 3kN electrode is to be comprehensively evaluated, so the spot welding parameters are set as follows:
the pre-pressing time was 20cyc (cyc is cycle, 50cyc for 1 second, 50 cycle, 50cyc for 50Hz ac frequency), the electrode pressure was 3kN, the energization time was 12cyc, and the welding current was 7 kA.
S2: positioning the spot welding electrode and clamping a spot welding test piece;
as shown in fig. 6 and 7, in the second embodiment, a welding fixture 7 is used to position and clamp the interlayer movable spot welding test piece, wherein a positioning groove is formed on the upper surface of the welding fixture 7 to position a short edge at one end and long edges at two sides of the interlayer movable spot welding test piece, a positioning hole is formed at the bottom of the welding fixture 7 and the expected spot welding position of the lower surface of the interlayer movable spot welding test piece, that is, at a position corresponding to the position of a spot welding mark 6 on the lower surface of the interlayer movable spot welding test piece, and the shape and size of the inner side surface profile of the positioning hole are matched with the shape and size of the outer circumference profile of the lower spot welding electrode 4;
as shown in fig. 7, the lower spot-welding electrode 4 is aligned with and passes through the positioning hole at the bottom of the welding fixture 7, and is pressed against the spot-welding mark center position on the lower surface of the lower spot-welding test piece 2, so as to fix the welding position of the lower spot-welding electrode on the spot-welding test piece;
s3: the spot welding electrode starts to perform spot welding on a spot welding test piece;
starting a spot welding program, clamping the interlayer movable spot welding test piece between the upper and lower spot welding electrodes, moving the welding fixture 7 downwards at the moment, so as to separate the interlayer movable spot welding test piece from the welding fixture 7 as shown in fig. 8, clamping the interlayer movable spot welding test piece between the upper and lower spot welding electrodes, wherein the upper spot welding test piece can relatively rotate and translate relative to the lower spot welding test piece, and at the moment, starting spot welding on the spot welding test piece by the spot welding electrodes according to the spot welding parameters set in the step S1;
s4: observing or measuring the appearance and the size parameters of the spot welding test piece after spot welding;
after the spot welding is finished, take off the spot welding test block, the appearance form of spot welding test block after the spot welding is observed to the eye, obtain the form parameter after the spot welding of spot welding test block, in this embodiment two, to the spot welding test block of interlayer activity, the form parameter includes after the spot welding of spot welding test block: "spot welding electrode indentation uniform degree", "go up spot welding electrode spot welding indentation and the relative offset between the spot welding electrode spot welding indentation down", "two test blocks about on the offset X of test block length direction" and "two test blocks about on the offset Y of test block width direction" and "two test block relative turned angle" about "wherein:
the spot welding electrode indentation uniformity comprises two aspects:
on one hand, the method comprises the following steps: when the angle is 0 degree, the spot welding electrode indentation plane is parallel to the test piece, the indentation uniformity is good, otherwise, the larger the angle is, the better the indentation uniformity is;
another aspect is: the degree of consistency between the shape of the spot welding electrode indentation and the shape of the spot welding electrode end face, for example, the electrode end face is circular, the shape of the spot welding electrode indentation is elliptical, and the more the shape of the spot welding electrode indentation tends to be circular, the better the uniformity is;
the relative offset between the spot welding impression of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding impression of the lower spot welding electrode is as follows: as shown in fig. 10, the spot welding indentation of the upper spot welding electrode on the upper surface of the upper spot welding test piece and the spot welding indentation of the lower spot welding electrode on the lower surface of the lower spot welding test piece are clearly visible relative to the corresponding spot welding mark positions, and the relative offset between the two can be obtained by comparison;
the offset X of the upper and lower test pieces in the length direction of the test piece and the offset Y of the upper and lower test pieces in the width direction of the test piece can be obtained by manual measurement;
in addition, the form parameters of the spot-welded test piece can be obtained by adopting a machine measurement mode, the appearance image of the spot-welded test piece is collected through a machine vision technology, and the form parameters of the spot-welded test piece can be obtained through calculation and analysis.
S5: evaluating the centering state of the spot welding electrode according to the appearance and size parameters of the spot welding test piece after spot welding;
evaluating the centering state of the spot welding electrode according to the spot welding morphological parameters of the spot welding test piece obtained in the step S4 and obtaining an evaluation result;
the evaluation result is that the morphological parameters of the spot-welded test piece are qualified or unqualified;
taking the relative offset between the spot welding impression of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding impression of the lower spot welding electrode as an example:
setting the relative offset between the spot welding impression of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding impression of the lower spot welding electrode to be less than or equal to 0.5mm, when the obtained relative offset between the spot welding impression of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding impression of the lower spot welding electrode is 0.6mm, evaluating the centering state of the spot welding electrode to be unqualified, and when the obtained relative offset between the spot welding impression of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding impression of the lower spot welding electrode is 0.4mm, evaluating the centering state of the spot welding electrode to be qualified;
in addition, according to the pre-set spot welding test piece spot welding morphological parameter values, the corresponding evaluation result can be directly used as the adjustment requirement of the spot welding equipment after being obtained;
taking the relative offset between the spot welding impression of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding impression of the lower spot welding electrode as an example:
the qualified area for setting the relative offset between the spot welding impression of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding impression of the lower spot welding electrode is as follows: less than or equal to 0.5mm, when the obtained 'relative offset between the spot welding indentation of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding indentation of the lower spot welding electrode' is less than 0.4mm, only recording the relative offset without adjusting spot welding equipment, and when the obtained 'relative offset between the spot welding indentation of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding indentation of the lower spot welding electrode' is between 0.4mm and 0.5mm, adjusting the spot welding equipment as soon as possible to enable the corresponding 'relative offset between the spot welding indentation of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding indentation of the lower spot welding electrode' to be in a qualified area; when the obtained relative offset between the spot welding impression of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding impression of the lower spot welding electrode is larger than 0.5mm, the production is stopped immediately, and the equipment is adjusted to enable the corresponding relative offset between the spot welding impression of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding impression of the lower spot welding electrode to be in a qualified area.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for comprehensively evaluating the electrode centering state of a resistance spot welding electrode holder is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: preparation work before evaluation;
in step S1, the preparation job includes the following three aspects, and there is no order requirement between the preparation jobs:
(1) preparing a spot welding test piece;
the spot welding test piece consists of an upper spot welding test piece and a lower spot welding test piece, and the spot welding mark positions of the upper surface and the lower surface are vertically symmetrical;
the predicted spot welding positions of the upper surface and the lower surface of the spot welding test piece are provided with welding spot position marks;
(2) preparing a spot welding electrode;
the spot welding electrodes comprise an upper spot welding electrode and a lower spot welding electrode, and are polished to meet the use requirements;
(3) setting spot welding parameters;
the spot welding parameters include: prepressing time, electrode pressure, electrifying time and welding current;
s2: positioning a spot welding electrode;
in the step S2, positioning the spot welding test piece by using a welding jig;
the upper surface of the welding fixture is provided with a positioning groove for positioning one end and two sides of a spot welding test piece, the bottom of the welding fixture and the expected spot welding position of the lower surface of the spot welding test piece are provided with positioning holes, and the outline shape and the size of the inner side surface of each positioning hole are matched with the outline shape and the size of the outer circumference of the lower spot welding electrode;
the lower spot welding electrode is aligned to and penetrates through a positioning hole at the bottom of the welding fixture and is pressed against the lower surface of the lower spot welding test piece, so that the lower spot welding electrode and the welding position are positioned on the spot welding test piece;
s3: the spot welding electrode starts to perform spot welding on the spot welding test piece;
in the step S3, starting a spot welding procedure, clamping the spot welding test piece between the upper and lower spot welding electrodes, separating the spot welding test piece from the welding fixture, and starting spot welding on the spot welding test piece by the spot welding electrode according to the spot welding parameters set in the step S1;
s4: observing or measuring the appearance form and the size parameters of the spot welding test piece after spot welding;
s5: and evaluating the centering state of the spot welding electrode according to the appearance and the size parameters of the spot welding test piece after spot welding.
2. The method for comprehensively evaluating the electrode centering state of the resistance spot welding electrode holder as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the upper spot welding test piece and the lower spot welding test piece are the same in shape and size.
3. The method for comprehensively evaluating the state of the electrode pair of the resistance spot welding tongs according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the upper spot welding test piece and the lower spot welding test piece are arranged in an aligned mode.
4. A method for comprehensively evaluating the state of electrode centering of a resistance spot welding holder according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:
in the spot welding test piece, the upper spot welding test piece and the lower spot welding test piece are fixedly connected to form a fixed spot welding test piece between layers, or the upper spot welding test piece and the lower spot welding test piece are contacted to form a movable spot welding test piece between layers.
5. The method for comprehensively evaluating the electrode centering state of the resistance spot welding electrode holder as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
in step S2, aligning one of the upper spot welding electrode or the lower spot welding electrode with the center position of the spot welding mark on the surface of the test piece corresponding to the upper spot welding electrode or the lower spot welding electrode, so as to position the welding position of the upper spot welding electrode or the lower spot welding electrode on the spot welding test piece;
in step S3, the spot welding process is started, the spot welding test piece is clamped and fixed between the upper and lower spot welding electrodes, and the spot welding electrodes start to perform spot welding on the spot welding test piece according to the spot welding parameters set in step S1.
6. The method for comprehensively evaluating the state of the electrode pair of the resistance spot welding holder according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that:
in the step S4, after spot welding, the spot welding test piece is taken down, and the appearance of the spot welding test piece after spot welding is visually observed to obtain the shape parameters of the spot welding test piece after spot welding;
the shape parameters of the spot welding test piece after spot welding comprise: the test piece comprises a spot welding electrode, a test piece base and a test piece base, wherein the spot welding electrode is provided with a spot welding indentation, the spot welding indentation is provided with a spot welding electrode, the spot welding indentation is provided with a relative offset between the spot welding indentation of the upper spot welding electrode and the spot welding indentation of the lower spot welding electrode, the offset of the upper test piece and the lower test piece in the length direction of the test piece, the offset of the upper test piece and the lower test piece in the width direction of the test piece, and the relative rotation angle of the upper test piece and the lower test piece.
7. The method for comprehensively evaluating the electrode centering state of the resistance spot welding tongs according to claim 6, characterized in that:
evaluating the centering state of the spot welding electrode according to the spot welding test piece spot welding morphological parameters obtained in the step S4 and obtaining an evaluation result;
and the evaluation result is that the morphological parameters of the spot-welded test piece are qualified or unqualified.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010551275.XA CN111702310B (en) | 2020-06-17 | 2020-06-17 | Method for comprehensively evaluating electrode centering state of resistance spot welding tongs |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010551275.XA CN111702310B (en) | 2020-06-17 | 2020-06-17 | Method for comprehensively evaluating electrode centering state of resistance spot welding tongs |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111702310A CN111702310A (en) | 2020-09-25 |
| CN111702310B true CN111702310B (en) | 2022-07-22 |
Family
ID=72540945
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010551275.XA Active CN111702310B (en) | 2020-06-17 | 2020-06-17 | Method for comprehensively evaluating electrode centering state of resistance spot welding tongs |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111702310B (en) |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02224876A (en) * | 1989-02-28 | 1990-09-06 | Toshiba Corp | Method for aligning resistance welding |
| JP2000015453A (en) * | 1998-07-07 | 2000-01-18 | Pacific Ind Co Ltd | Automatic stop device in misalignment or chipping of projection nut |
| US6696660B2 (en) * | 2001-07-20 | 2004-02-24 | Electronic Data Systems Corporation | Method and system for weld process monitoring |
| US6870122B2 (en) * | 2003-04-07 | 2005-03-22 | General Motors Corporation | Electrode alignment inspector and method |
| CN202283635U (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-06-27 | 兰州兰石换热设备有限责任公司 | Single-spot welding test specimen fixture |
| CN205309544U (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-06-15 | 陕西重型汽车有限公司 | Spot welding soldering turret electrode regulation is adjusted instrument well and is adjusted instrument suit well by adjustment that it constitutes |
| CN108247189A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-07-06 | 吉林大学 | Lifetime of resistance spot welding electrode position tracking device and method |
| DE102019200199A1 (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2020-07-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Procedure for checking a welding gun for resistance welding workpieces |
| CN109664009B (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2021-05-18 | 武汉百舸自动化工程有限责任公司 | Feedforward type resistance welding quality monitoring system and method |
| CN109877437B (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2021-08-13 | 武汉百舸自动化工程有限责任公司 | Centering detection device and method for resistance welding gun |
-
2020
- 2020-06-17 CN CN202010551275.XA patent/CN111702310B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111702310A (en) | 2020-09-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US7718918B2 (en) | Production or assembly line method of spot welding | |
| KR101038427B1 (en) | Improved method of spot welding aluminum | |
| JP5196642B2 (en) | Resistance welding method monitoring method and apparatus for carrying out the method | |
| KR101891747B1 (en) | Fixed jig apparatus for simulataneously controlling precision length and position for testing weld specimen of aircraft component | |
| WO2011016193A1 (en) | Resistance welding method, resistance welder, and method and device for evaluating resistance welding | |
| US20120248086A1 (en) | Resistance welding method, resistance-welded member and control apparatus for resistance welder, resistance welding evaluation method, and resistance welding evaluation program | |
| KR101859357B1 (en) | Jig apparatus for fixed precision positioning for testing weld specimen of aircraft part | |
| CN110977106B (en) | Repair welding repairing method for cracks of titanium alloy fan case | |
| US20080237303A1 (en) | Decision method for dressing of welding electrodes | |
| CN111702310B (en) | Method for comprehensively evaluating electrode centering state of resistance spot welding tongs | |
| JP2007030017A (en) | Method of friction stir spot welding | |
| KR20180130173A (en) | System and Method for Real time Monitoring of Electric Resistance Welding | |
| CN109048020A (en) | A kind of band pole weldering welding procedure suitable for aluminum steel dissimilar metal | |
| JP5290661B2 (en) | Electrode consumption measurement method and electrode consumption measurement device for spot welding equipment | |
| CN111397543A (en) | Full-automatic spot welding electrode centering detection device and detection method thereof | |
| CN116275437A (en) | Resistance spot welding method and system | |
| CN212350750U (en) | Welding fixture capable of accurately controlling position of resistance spot welding joint | |
| CN211028693U (en) | Movable spot welder | |
| JP3760434B2 (en) | Resistance welding quality control method, resistance welding method and resistance welding apparatus | |
| KR200379330Y1 (en) | The Welding table of spot welding machine | |
| CN219914323U (en) | Resistance spot welding nugget indentation depth measuring device | |
| JP4088535B2 (en) | Electrode detection device for spot welding | |
| JP2004291088A (en) | Method for inspecting surface quality of steel member | |
| KR20080006030A (en) | Welding condition creation method of spot welding | |
| US20240011756A1 (en) | Estimation method for nugget diameter and determination method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CP03 | Change of name, title or address | ||
| CP03 | Change of name, title or address |
Address after: 130012 no.4888, Yushan Road, Changchun high tech Development Zone, Jilin Province Patentee after: FAW Besturn Automotive Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: No. 4888, Yushan Road, Changchun high tech Industrial Development Zone, Changchun City, Jilin Province Patentee before: FAW Pentium Car Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |