CN111700180A - Microbial fermentation pig feed and preparation process thereof - Google Patents

Microbial fermentation pig feed and preparation process thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111700180A
CN111700180A CN202010680018.6A CN202010680018A CN111700180A CN 111700180 A CN111700180 A CN 111700180A CN 202010680018 A CN202010680018 A CN 202010680018A CN 111700180 A CN111700180 A CN 111700180A
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parts
powder
fermentation
feed
pig feed
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彭程
孟玲琳
刘开永
石风雷
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Anhui Zhengdayuan Feed Co ltd
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Anhui Zhengdayuan Feed Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010680018.6A priority Critical patent/CN111700180A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K50/00Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/30Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/12Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/16Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
    • A23K10/18Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/22Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/35Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from potatoes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/22Compounds of alkali metals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23VINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2400/00Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
    • A23V2400/11Lactobacillus
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a microbial fermentation pig feed which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of barley flour, 15-20 parts of bran powder, 20-25 parts of corn cob powder, 10-15 parts of beans, 8-10 parts of fish meal, 15-20 parts of potato powder, 15-20 parts of vegetables and fruits, 2-4 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 10-15 parts of bacterial liquid; the preparation process of the microbial fermented pig feed comprises the following steps: 1) soaking barley flour, bran powder, corn cob powder and beans in water, and adding fish meal and potato powder; 2) adding a bacterium solution into the dilute solution obtained in the step 1), uniformly stirring, and carrying out aerobic fermentation; 3) pouring the aerobic fermentation raw material liquid obtained in the step 2) into a sealed fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation; 4) heating and sterilizing the feed in the step 3); 5) adding the vegetable and fruit juice into the sterilized fermented feed, and then adding sodium bicarbonate to obtain the microbial fermented pig feed. The invention has low cost of raw materials, high nutritive value, easy absorption after fermentation, different treatments according to the properties of the raw materials and better homogenization of the raw materials.

Description

Microbial fermentation pig feed and preparation process thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fermented feed, in particular to microbial fermented pig feed and a preparation process thereof.
Background
The feed prepared by fermenting the coarse feed by microorganisms is called as fermented feed, and the fermented coarse feed comprises bran, rice bran, straws, pasture, various cakes (dregs), pomace, vinasse and the like. The common breeding feed only can ensure that the pigs grow quickly, but cannot provide various nutrients required by the growth of the pigs, and the common pig feed has the problems of nutrient component deficiency, toxin and a large amount of antibiotics and the like. Therefore, pigs fed with the common feed have poor health condition, and the pork quality and the edible safety are poor. Although the fermented feed can meet the nutritional requirements of pigs, the raw materials are different in fiber and fermentation degree. Even some raw materials are rich in nutrition, but are softened to be beneficial to fermentation, otherwise early-stage zymophyte can not grow. Different raw materials cannot adopt the same fermentation treatment method.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, the invention aims to provide a microbial fermented pig feed, which is used for fermenting feeds with high fiber content and difficult absorption, is easy to absorb the fermented feeds, has low raw material cost and high nutritional value, is easy to absorb after fermentation, and is subjected to different treatments according to the properties of the raw materials, so that the raw materials are better homogenized.
The microbial fermentation pig feed provided by the invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of barley flour, 15-20 parts of bran powder, 20-25 parts of corn cob powder, 10-15 parts of beans, 8-10 parts of fish meal, 15-20 parts of potato powder, 15-20 parts of vegetables and fruits, 2-4 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 10-15 parts of bacteria liquid.
In some embodiments of the invention, the composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of barley flour, 18 parts of bran powder, 22 parts of corn cob powder, 13 parts of bean dregs, 9 parts of fish meal, 18 parts of potato powder, 17 parts of vegetables and fruits, 3 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 12 parts of bacteria liquid.
Corn is usually thrown away directly after corn kernels are removed, a large amount of raw materials are wasted, the corn contains rich fiber and corn starch, the corn is made into powder, the eating of pigs is facilitated, and the material utilization rate is also improved.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the beans are a mixture of soybean hulls and soybean meal, and the mass ratio of the soybean hulls to the soybean meal is 3: 5.
In other embodiments of the invention, the fish meal is a powder made from dried small fish, which has a weight not exceeding 30g when fresh weight. The small fish is used because of low cost, high nutritive value and easy processing into powder.
In other embodiments of the invention, the vegetables and fruits comprise rotten vegetable leaves, damaged fruits, fruit peels and carrots discarded in the vegetable market, the rotten vegetable leaves are cleaned, thrown away and cut into slices, the fruits and the fruit peels are cleaned and cut into blocks or slices, the carrots are cleaned and cut into blocks, and then the raw materials are mixed and put into a juicer to be squeezed into the vegetable and fruit juice.
In other embodiments of the invention, the bacterial liquid is a mixture of lactic acid bacteria, yeast and bacillus subtilis in a ratio of 10:5: 7.
A preparation process of microbial fermentation pig feed comprises the following specific process steps:
1) soaking barley flour, bran powder, corn cob powder and beans in water for 24-36 hr, adding fish powder and potato powder into the soaked materials, stirring, and adding appropriate amount of water to dilute to obtain dilute solution if the materials are thick;
2) adding a bacterium solution into the dilute solution obtained in the step 1), uniformly stirring, and carrying out aerobic fermentation for 6-8 hours to obtain an aerobic fermentation raw material solution;
3) pouring the aerobic fermentation raw material liquid obtained in the step 2) into a sealed fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation for 5-7 days to obtain a microbial anaerobic fermentation feed;
4) heating and sterilizing the anaerobic fermented feed in the step 3) at 75-80 ℃ for 20-30 minutes to obtain sterilized fermented feed;
5) adding the vegetable and fruit juice into the sterilized fermented feed, uniformly stirring, and then adding sodium bicarbonate to obtain the microbial fermented pig feed.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the bacterial liquid is a mixed bacterial liquid of lactic acid bacteria, yeast and bacillus subtilis.
According to the invention, the raw materials are rich in nutrition, cheap and sufficient in market supply, and are beneficial to large-scale production and processing, the raw material proportion of the feed can meet the nutritional requirements of pigs, and the fermented raw materials are more beneficial to the absorption of the pigs. Because the fiber contents of wheat flour, bran, corn cob powder, bean powder and the like are high, the prepared solution is directly fermented and is not beneficial to early-stage fermentation growth of bacterial liquid, therefore, the raw materials are soaked for softening and expansion, and then the easily soluble fish meal and potato powder are added for fermentation treatment. Aerobic fermentation is carried out firstly, then anaerobic fermentation is carried out, bacteria are grown and activated in the raw material liquid firstly, and then anaerobic fermentation metabolism is carried out. The fermentation cannot be continued after the fermentation is finished, otherwise, the fermentation is excessive, so that the feed smells and becomes sour, and the pigs cannot eat the feed. Therefore, it is necessary to sterilize the fermented feed. The vegetables and fruits can not stay for a long time at high temperature, or the nutritional ingredients of the vegetables and fruits can be damaged, so that the significance of adding the vegetables and fruits into the feed is not achieved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Example 1
A microbial fermentation pig feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of barley flour, 15 parts of bran powder, 20 parts of corn cob powder, 10 parts of beans, 8 parts of fish meal, 15 parts of potato powder, 15 parts of vegetables and fruits, 2 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 10 parts of bacteria liquid.
The mass ratio of the soybean hull to the soybean meal in the beans is 3: 5. The fish meal is powder prepared from dried small fish, and the weight of the dried small fish does not exceed 30g when fresh weight is reached. The vegetable and fruit comprises rotten vegetable leaves discarded in the vegetable market, damaged fruits, fruit peels and carrots, the rotten vegetable leaves are cleaned, thrown away and cut into slices, the fruits and the fruit peels are cleaned and cut into blocks or slices, the carrots are cleaned and cut into blocks, and then the raw materials are mixed and put into a juicer to be squeezed into vegetable and fruit juice. The bacterial liquid is prepared by mixing the bacterial liquid of lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycetes and bacillus subtilis according to the proportion of 10:5: 7.
A preparation process of microbial fermentation pig feed comprises the following specific process steps:
1) soaking barley flour, bran powder, corn cob powder and beans in water for 24 hr, adding fish powder and potato powder into the soaked materials, stirring, and adding appropriate amount of water to dilute to obtain dilute solution;
2) adding a bacterium solution into the dilute solution obtained in the step 1), uniformly stirring, and carrying out aerobic fermentation for 6 hours to obtain an aerobic fermentation raw material solution;
3) pouring the aerobic fermentation raw material liquid obtained in the step 2) into a sealed fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation for 5 days to obtain a microbial anaerobic fermentation feed;
4) heating and sterilizing the anaerobic fermented feed in the step 3) at 75 ℃ for 20 minutes to obtain sterilized fermented feed;
5) adding the vegetable and fruit juice into the sterilized fermented feed, uniformly stirring, and then adding sodium bicarbonate to obtain the microbial fermented pig feed.
Obtaining the microbial fermented pig feed product 1.
Example 2
A microbial fermentation pig feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of barley flour, 20 parts of bran powder, 25 parts of corn cob powder, 15 parts of beans, 10 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of potato powder, 20 parts of vegetables and fruits, 4 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 15 parts of bacteria liquid.
The raw material treatment method was the same as in example 1.
A preparation process of microbial fermented pig feed, which has the specific process steps as in example 1. The difference lies in that: 1. soaking barley flour, bran flour, corn cob powder and beans in water for 36 hr; 2. aerobic fermentation is carried out for 8 hours; 3. heating and sterilizing at 80 deg.C for 30 min to obtain sterilized fermented feed.
Obtaining a microbial fermented pig feed product 2.
Example 3
A microbial fermentation pig feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of barley flour, 18 parts of bran powder, 22 parts of corn cob powder, 13 parts of bean dregs, 9 parts of fish meal, 18 parts of potato powder, 17 parts of vegetables and fruits, 3 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 12 parts of bacteria liquid.
The raw material treatment method was the same as in example 1.
A preparation process of microbial fermented pig feed, which has the specific process steps as in example 1. The difference lies in that: 1. soaking barley flour, bran flour, corn cob powder and beans in water for 30 hr; 2. aerobic fermentation is carried out for 7 hours; 3. heating and sterilizing at 78 deg.C for 25 min to obtain sterilized fermented feed.
Obtaining a microbial fermented pig feed product 3.
Example 4
A microbial fermentation pig feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of barley flour, 15 parts of bran powder, 25 parts of corn cob powder, 10 parts of beans, 8 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of potato powder, 20 parts of vegetables and fruits, 2 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 10 parts of bacteria liquid.
The raw material treatment method was the same as in example 1.
A preparation process of microbial fermented pig feed, which has the specific process steps as in example 1. The difference lies in that: 1. soaking barley flour, bran flour, corn cob powder and beans in water for 28 hr; 2. aerobic fermentation is carried out for 7.5 hours; 3. heating and sterilizing at 76 deg.C for 28 min to obtain sterilized fermented feed.
Obtaining a microbial fermented pig feed product 4.
The microbial fermented pig feed products 1 to 4 obtained in the above examples 1 to 4 were each fed to 100 pigs of the same stage, and the growth of four groups of pigs after 100 days was observed, and only the raw materials used in the above examples 1 to 4 were soaked for pig feed for comparison.
The experimental results are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 products 1-4 are used in 100 days after 100 pigs had been fed the same growth status as the unfermented diet
Figure BDA0002585447350000051
As can be seen from the experimental results in the table, the pig feed fermented by the microorganisms has the advantages of fast growth and more meat growth in the same time.
Meanwhile, the microbial fermentation feed prepared by the application is not easy to get ill.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A microbial fermentation pig feed is characterized in that: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of barley flour, 15-20 parts of bran powder, 20-25 parts of corn cob powder, 10-15 parts of beans, 8-10 parts of fish meal, 15-20 parts of potato powder, 15-20 parts of vegetables and fruits, 2-4 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 10-15 parts of bacteria liquid.
2. The microbial fermented pig feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of barley flour, 18 parts of bran powder, 22 parts of corn cob powder, 13 parts of bean dregs, 9 parts of fish meal, 18 parts of potato powder, 17 parts of vegetables and fruits, 3 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 12 parts of bacteria liquid.
3. The microbial fermented pig feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: the beans are a mixture of soybean hulls and soybean meal, and the mass ratio of the soybean hulls to the soybean meal is 3: 5.
4. The microbial fermented pig feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fish meal is powder prepared from dried small fish, and the weight of the dried small fish does not exceed 30g when fresh weight is reached.
5. The microbial fermented pig feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vegetable and fruit comprises rotten vegetable leaves discarded in the vegetable market, damaged fruits, fruit peels and carrots, the rotten vegetable leaves are cleaned, thrown away and cut into slices, the fruits and the fruit peels are cleaned and cut into blocks or slices, the carrots are cleaned and cut into blocks, and then the raw materials are mixed and put into a juicer to be squeezed into vegetable and fruit juice.
6. The microbial fermented pig feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bacterial liquid is prepared by mixing the bacterial liquid of lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycetes and bacillus subtilis according to the proportion of 10:5: 7.
7. A preparation process of microbial fermentation pig feed is characterized by comprising the following steps: the specific process steps are as follows:
1) soaking barley flour, bran powder, corn cob powder and beans in water for 24-36 hr, adding fish powder and potato powder into the soaked materials, stirring, and adding appropriate amount of water to dilute to obtain dilute solution if the materials are thick;
2) adding a bacterium solution into the dilute solution obtained in the step 1), uniformly stirring, and carrying out aerobic fermentation for 6-8 hours to obtain an aerobic fermentation raw material solution;
3) pouring the aerobic fermentation raw material liquid obtained in the step 2) into a sealed fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation for 5-7 days to obtain a microbial anaerobic fermentation feed;
4) heating and sterilizing the anaerobic fermented feed in the step 3) at 75-80 ℃ for 20-30 minutes to obtain sterilized fermented feed;
5) adding the vegetable and fruit juice into the sterilized fermented feed, uniformly stirring, and then adding sodium bicarbonate to obtain the microbial fermented pig feed.
8. The process for preparing a microbial fermented pig feed according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the bacterial liquid is a mixed bacterial liquid of lactobacillus, saccharomycetes and bacillus subtilis.
CN202010680018.6A 2020-07-15 2020-07-15 Microbial fermentation pig feed and preparation process thereof Pending CN111700180A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113502205A (en) * 2021-07-13 2021-10-15 安徽省正大源饲料集团有限公司 Fermentation device and method for processing protein additive by using pheasant feed
CN114532456A (en) * 2022-03-31 2022-05-27 上海交通大学重庆研究院 Pig feed containing colorful potatoes as well as preparation method and application of pig feed

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102228138A (en) * 2011-06-04 2011-11-02 内蒙古农业大学 Microbiological additive for ruminants and preparation technology thereof
CN106615814A (en) * 2016-12-29 2017-05-10 中粮生物科技(北京)有限公司 Feed, preparation method thereof and application of feed to increase of feed intake of lactating sows
CN109123073A (en) * 2018-09-12 2019-01-04 齐全农牧集团股份有限公司 A kind of preparation method of nonreactive functional feed
CN109170257A (en) * 2018-08-31 2019-01-11 安徽省新康饲料有限公司 A kind of two stage process fermented feed and preparation method thereof preventing sow excessive internal heat
CN109463540A (en) * 2018-12-27 2019-03-15 柳州市绿威生物科技有限公司 A kind of livestock biological feedstuff and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102228138A (en) * 2011-06-04 2011-11-02 内蒙古农业大学 Microbiological additive for ruminants and preparation technology thereof
CN106615814A (en) * 2016-12-29 2017-05-10 中粮生物科技(北京)有限公司 Feed, preparation method thereof and application of feed to increase of feed intake of lactating sows
CN109170257A (en) * 2018-08-31 2019-01-11 安徽省新康饲料有限公司 A kind of two stage process fermented feed and preparation method thereof preventing sow excessive internal heat
CN109123073A (en) * 2018-09-12 2019-01-04 齐全农牧集团股份有限公司 A kind of preparation method of nonreactive functional feed
CN109463540A (en) * 2018-12-27 2019-03-15 柳州市绿威生物科技有限公司 A kind of livestock biological feedstuff and preparation method thereof

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113502205A (en) * 2021-07-13 2021-10-15 安徽省正大源饲料集团有限公司 Fermentation device and method for processing protein additive by using pheasant feed
CN113502205B (en) * 2021-07-13 2024-01-26 安徽省虹源饲料科技有限公司 Fermentation device and method for feeding protein additive for spicy chicken
CN114532456A (en) * 2022-03-31 2022-05-27 上海交通大学重庆研究院 Pig feed containing colorful potatoes as well as preparation method and application of pig feed

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Application publication date: 20200925