CN111699798A - Automatic device of putting of cave dish - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic shelf placing device, which comprises a rack, a vertical rail arranged on the inner side of the rack for guiding, a plurality of shelves arranged in the rack and capable of lifting and sliding along the vertical rail, a bearing fork arranged on the shelves and capable of horizontally stretching and moving, a lifting driving assembly for controlling the shelves to lift and move, a translation driving assembly for controlling the bearing fork to extend out or retreat in a grouping manner, and at least a plurality of adjacent shelves at the bottom are movably connected in a distance-variable manner so that the distance between the shelves can be gradually reduced from bottom to top and the shelves are stacked in the bottom of the rack. A plurality of supporting forks in a single group are pushed out to the front culture rack, so that the simultaneous arrangement of a plurality of seedling culture hole trays is completed at one time, and the quantity, the efficiency and the safety of the hole trays are greatly improved. The height of a shelf interval is reduced after the shelf interval at the bottom is reduced, other shelves integrally descend by the same height, and the other shelf groups correspond to all the layers of the culture shelf, so that the seedling culture hole trays can be transferred to the culture shelf.

Description

Automatic device of putting of cave dish

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural engineering, in particular to an automatic plug placing device for seedling cultivation in a plant factory.

Background

The plant factory is the product of agricultural planting industrialization and is also the direction of agricultural product planting development in the 21 st century. In the batch production planting process, need move the seeding tray to the greenhouse and cultivate the frame for the multilayer seedling culture in space-saving, consequently have a large amount of cave dishes and need carry the frame of putting on the shelf, and the highest one deck of general cultivation frame has two meters height, and artifical transport is lifted and is sent up or stand on tiptoe and take off, and the operation degree of difficulty is big inefficiency, and the security is also not high.

The existing plug tray placing machine mainly places plug trays through a mechanical arm, only can operate a single plug tray at each time, and the mechanical arm needs to rotate, lift and move comprehensively, so that the action is complex and the efficiency is low, and the wide application of the plug tray placing machine is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an automatic plug tray placing device which can be synchronously put on shelves in multiple layers and transferred together.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides an automatic device of putting of cave dish, its includes the frame, locate the frame inboard and carry out the vertical rail, a plurality of locating of leading in the frame and can follow vertical rail goes up and down gliding layer frame, install in but layer frame and the bearing fork of the flexible removal of level control layer frame lift movement's lift drive assembly, the translation drive assembly that a plurality of bearing forks of group control stretched out or retreat, but variable pitch swing joint makes it can be by lower supreme distance that reduces one by one and pile up in the frame bottom between a plurality of adjacent layer framves in bottom at least.

As an improvement of the technical scheme of the automatic plug tray placing device, the adjacent layer frames are connected with each other through at least two sections of hinges.

As an improvement of the technical scheme of the automatic plug tray placing device, the adjacent layer frames are connected with each other through the telescopic rod.

As an improvement of the technical scheme of the automatic plug tray placing device, the layer frames are sequentially connected through flexible slings.

As an improvement of the technical scheme of the automatic plug tray placing device, horizontal rail grooves are formed in two sides of the shelf, and supporting slide rails matched and slidably connected with the horizontal rail grooves are arranged in two sides of the supporting fork.

As an improvement of the technical scheme of the automatic tray placement device, the translation driving assembly comprises a driving motor fixedly mounted on the frame, a vertically arranged transmission shaft driven by the driving motor, and pushing wheels arranged on the transmission shaft and matched with the two sides of the supporting fork.

As an improvement of the technical scheme of the automatic plug tray placing device, the pushing wheel is a gear, and racks meshed with the gear are arranged on two sides of the supporting fork.

As an improvement of the technical scheme of the automatic plug tray placement device, the lifting driving assembly comprises a lifting motor fixedly mounted on the frame, a winding drum mounted at the top of the frame and driven by the lifting motor, and a guy cable wound on the winding drum and having a free end connected with the top shelf.

As an improvement of the technical scheme of the automatic plug tray placing device, a ratchet wheel self-locking mechanism for preventing the reel from releasing the rope is arranged at the end of the reel.

As an improvement of the technical scheme of the automatic plug tray placing device, the bottom end of the rack is arranged on a movable base in a floating mode, and the movable base is provided with trundles and a driver for driving the rack to ascend and descend.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: a plurality of layer frames are arranged in a rack of the automatic hole tray placing device, and a supporting fork is installed on the layer frames to support a seedling raising hole tray, so that the seedling raising hole tray can be supported and transported at one time. The interval between the transfer shelves is smaller than that between the culture shelves, so that the seedling culture hole trays can be transferred to the culture shelves in multiple groups and batches at a single time. A plurality of support forks in a single group are pushed out to the front culture frame, and the spacing of the support forks in the single group is consistent with the layer spacing of the culture frame, so that a plurality of seedling culture hole trays can be placed at the same time at one time, and the quantity, the efficiency and the safety of the seedling culture hole trays are greatly improved. The height of a layer frame interval is reduced after the layer frame interval of bottom reduces, and other layer frame wholly descend the same height, thereby another group layer frame corresponds with each layer of cultivateing the frame and can transfer the seedling cultivation cave dish propelling movement of corresponding batch group to cultivateing the frame. And the transfer and placement of the seedling raising hole trays are finished by parity of reasoning.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an automatic placing device for an aperture plate according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention relates to an automatic shelf placing device, which comprises a frame 11, a vertical rail 18 arranged inside the frame 11 for guiding, a plurality of shelves 12 arranged inside the frame 11 and capable of sliding up and down along the vertical rail 18, a supporting fork 15 mounted on the shelves 12 and capable of horizontally extending and retracting, a lifting driving component for controlling the shelves to move up and down, a translational driving component for controlling the plurality of supporting forks 15 to extend out or retract back in groups, and at least a plurality of adjacent shelves 12 at the bottom are movably connected in a distance-variable manner so as to be capable of reducing the distance one by one and stacked inside the bottom of the frame 11. A plurality of supporting forks 15 in a single group are pushed out to the front culture frame, and the distance between the supporting forks 15 in the single group is consistent with the layer distance of the culture frame, so that a plurality of seedling culture hole trays can be placed at the same time, and the quantity, the efficiency and the safety of the seedling culture hole trays are greatly improved. The height of a layer frame interval is reduced after the layer frame interval of bottom reduces, and other layer frame wholly descend the same height, thereby another group layer frame corresponds with each layer of cultivateing the frame and can transfer the seedling cultivation cave dish propelling movement of corresponding batch group to cultivateing the frame. And the transfer and placement of the seedling raising hole trays are finished by parity of reasoning.

Specifically, set up a plurality of layers frame 12 in the automatic device's of putting frame 11 of cave dish, for example 15 layers, layer frame 12 is installed bearing fork 15 and is carried out the bearing to the cave dish of growing seedlings, can once only bear and transport a plurality of cave dishes, and 15 cave dishes of growing seedlings can be transported to 15 layers of frames. The interval between the transfer layer frames 12 is smaller than that between the culture frames, so that the seedling culture hole trays can be transferred to a plurality of culture frames in a single multi-group multi-batch mode. The culture shelf is 5 layers, 15 layer shelves in the frame are divided into 3 groups, and 5 layers of each group correspond to the culture shelf, so that 15 seedling culture hole trays can be transported once and divided into three groups to be quickly placed on 3 culture shelves according to 3 batches.

Further, the adjacent shelves 12 are movably connected in a distance-variable manner so that the shelves can be sunk and stacked in a distance-variable manner, and all the shelves 12 are stacked together, so that the uppermost shelf 12 is not high, and the seedling raising tray can be conveniently placed on the supporting fork 15 of the shelf 12. Then the shelf 12 is gradually pulled up and put into seedling culture hole trays one by one.

Specifically, the adjacent shelves 12 are connected to each other by at least two hinges 19, and the two hinges 19 can be folded in half to reduce the distance between the shelves 12 to zero. A three-link hinge allows each link to be shorter. Before the last group of seedling raising hole trays are dismounted, the interval between the shelf layers at the bottom cannot be zero, otherwise, the seedling raising hole trays at the lowest layer cannot be successfully transferred and placed. Wherein, hinge 19 can use the sliding connection piece that has the long spout of hole to replace as the connecting piece, and sliding connection piece one end articulates in layer frame 12 of downside, and the post is chosen in the protruding of top layer frame, chooses the neck of post to pass long spout. When piling up and expanding, choose the post to be located the both ends of long spout respectively.

Similarly, adjacent shelves 12 are connected to each other by telescopic rods, the product of the shelf spacing and the number of batches of which is equal to the shelf spacing of the cultivation shelves when the telescopic rods are extended.

Similarly, the shelves 12 are connected in sequence by flexible slings, so that the shelves can be stacked and unfolded.

Further, horizontal rail grooves 13 are formed in two sides of the layer frame 12, and supporting slide rails 16 which are matched with the horizontal rail grooves 13 in a sliding mode are arranged on two sides of the supporting fork 15, so that the supporting fork 15 is not only stably supported, but also can flexibly slide.

Wherein, translation drive assembly including fixed mounting in the frame 11 drive the commentaries on classics motor 21, by drive the transmission shaft 25 of the vertical setting of motor 21 driven, locate transmission shaft 25 and with the push wheel of bearing fork 15 both sides looks adaptation, drive motor 21 through transmission shaft 25 drive push wheel with bearing fork 15 release or retract. Pushing out the frame plates of each layer of the culture frame, and retracting after putting down the seedling culture hole tray. The driving motor 21 can drive the transmission shaft 25 to rotate through the transverse rotating shaft 22 and the bevel gear 23.

Preferably, the pushing wheel is a gear 26, and racks 66 engaged with the gear are arranged on two sides of the support fork 15, and the support fork 15 is controlled to be pushed out and retracted through gear-rack transmission. The two ends of the teeth of the gear 26 are provided with guide tips (not shown), and the two ends of the teeth of the rack 66 are provided with cut-in tips, so that the gear 26 can be guided into and meshed with each other when the gear 26 switches the transmission rack 66, and one gear 26 can be meshed with a plurality of racks 66 in turn for transmission.

The pushing wheel can be an elliptical wheel or an incomplete round wheel which is partially lacked, and the supporting fork 15 is intermittently driven to advance or retreat when the pushing wheel rotates. When the supporting fork 15 moves up and down, the narrow direction of the pushing wheel is parallel to the front and back direction of the supporting fork 15 so as not to obstruct the up and down movement of the supporting fork 15.

Similarly, the translation driving assembly comprises a telescopic ejector rod arranged on the frame 11, a return spring with two ends respectively connected with the shelf 12 and the bearing fork 15, a push head arranged on the bearing fork 15, and a shifting arm arranged at the front end of the telescopic ejector rod and capable of rotating to match with the push head.

The lifting driving assembly comprises a lifting motor 31 fixedly mounted on the frame 11, a winding drum 32 mounted on the top of the frame 11 and driven by the lifting motor 31, and a cable 33 wound around the winding drum 32 and having a free end connected with the top shelf 12. The lifting motor 31 drives the winding drum 32 to wind or unwind, so that the inhaul cable 33 is controlled to wind and unwind, the lifting of the topmost shelf 12 is controlled, and the overall lifting of all the shelves 12 is controlled finally.

Similarly, as an alternative embodiment, a screw rod can be arranged, the vertical screw rod is driven by a lifting motor to control the height position of the topmost shelf, and the shelf extends out of the supporting lug to be in adaptive connection with the screw rod, so that the overall lifting control of the shelf is realized.

Preferably, the end of the winding drum 32 is provided with a ratchet self-locking mechanism for preventing the winding drum from releasing the rope, the ratchet 36 does not block the winding drum 32 from rotating in the ascending process, and the layered frame 12 is prevented from sliding down and pressing the seedling raising plug tray in the gradually ascending process. The opening ratchet 36 is unlocked and the lower stage 12 can be unwound.

Further, the bottom end of the frame 11 is floatingly mounted on a movable base, and the movable base is provided with casters and a driver for driving the frame to ascend and descend. The truckle setting can conveniently be removed. The driver can order about the frame relative movement base and do the elevating movement, and the trace rises the certain distance and can make things convenient for support fork 15 to stretch out to cultivate the interior unhindered of frame, descends a bit distance and can make the bottom of the plug tray that grows seedlings paste the plywood of cultivateing the frame, accomplishes and unloads the dish, makes things convenient for support fork 15 to withdraw unhindered. The lifting connecting component can be a double-stay bar, the structure is similar to a jack, the included angle of the double-stay bar can be reduced by rotating the threaded rod to jack the rack, and the push-pull polished rod can also jack the rack instead of the threaded rod. And a hydraulic jacking mechanism or an electric support rod and a sliding wedge block can be adopted to realize micro-lifting control.

Preferably, the automatic tray placing device may be provided with a controller (not shown) to control the corresponding motor and driver to realize automation of the placing process.

Finally, the five-layer three-row type structure culture shelf is used as a design model to explain the working state of the automatic aperture disk placing device, and the device can also be expanded to other structure models.

The working state of the automatic aperture disk placing device comprises an initial state, a rising state, a first placing state, a bottom folding state, a second placing state, a bottom further folding state, a third placing state and a recovery initial state.

(1) The initial state is as follows: fifteen layers of supporting forks 15 for placing plug trays (seedling raising plug trays for short) are in a folding state, and the placing sequence of each supporting fork 15 is A1, B1, C1, A2, B2, C2, A3, B3, C3, A4, B4, C4, A5, B5 and C5 from bottom to top. Wherein A1-A5 are regarded as one group, B1-B5 are regarded as a second group, C1-C5 are regarded as a third group, and the groups are alternately distributed in turn.

(2) Lifting state: the lifting motor 31 rotates, the C5 is pulled to move upwards through the steel wire inhaul cable 33 on the winding drum 32, then the bearing forks 15 on all layers are pulled to be unfolded to preset positions through hinges among the bearing forks 15 on all layers, the ratchet mechanism carries out self-locking, lifting is completed, and the hole tray is manually placed on the bearing forks 15. The forked tray structure is easier to dismount the plug tray.

(3) Placing for the first time: before pushing automatic device of putting of cave dish to cultivateing the frame, drive the motor and start, the gear on the transmission shaft 25 on both sides rotates simultaneously, drives rack 66 on A1, A2, A3, A4, the five-layer bearing fork 15 of A5 for on the cave dish on it is carried to corresponding cultivation frame plywood, puts down the cave dish after gear 26 reversal, bearing fork 15 withdraws.

(4) Folding the bottom: the ratchet wheel 36 is unlocked, the lifting motor reversely rotates to a preset position, the A1 layer of bearing forks touch the bottom plate of the device, the B1 layer and the A1 layer are folded, the B1 layer is lowered to the height position of the original A1 layer, the B group of bearing forks 15 correspond to the heights of all layers of the culture frame, the rack 66 on the bearing fork B1 is meshed with the gear 26 at the lowest part, other racks 66 in the group are meshed with the corresponding gears 26, and then the ratchet wheel 36 is self-locked.

(5) Placing for the second time: and (4) moving the automatic tray placing device to a second station, repeating the action of the step (3) to place the trays on the layers B1, B2, B3, B4 and B5, and withdrawing the supporting fork 15.

(6) And (4) folding the bottom again: the ratchet wheel 36 is unlocked, the lifting motor 31 rotates reversely to a preset position, A1, B1 and C1 are folded, the C1 layer is made to descend to the height position of the original B1 layer, the height of each layer of the C group of the bearing forks 15 corresponds to that of each layer of the culture frame, the rack 66 on the bearing fork C1 is meshed with the gear 26 at the lowest part, other racks 66 in the group are meshed with the corresponding gears 26, and the ratchet wheel 36 is self-locked.

(7) Placing for the third time: and (4) moving the automatic plug tray placing device to a third station, and repeating the action in the step (3) to finish placing the plug trays on the C1, the C2, the C3, the C4 and the C5. And at this point, the transport of all the plug trays on the device is finished.

(8) And (4) recovering the initial state: the ratchet wheel 36 is unlocked, the lifting motor 31 rotates reversely, the supporting fork 15 is restored to the initial folding state, and one round of seedling raising tray placing is completed. Of course, if the tray is placed further, it is not necessary to completely fold all the support forks 15 at the lowest position.

The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, therefore, the present invention is not limited by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an automatic device of putting of cave dish which characterized in that: including the frame, locate the frame inboard and carry out the vertical rail, a plurality of locating in the frame and can follow vertical rail goes up and down gliding layer frame, install in but layer frame and the bearing fork of the flexible removal of level control layer frame lift movement's lift drive assembly, the translation drive assembly that a plurality of bearing forks of group control stretched out or retreat, but at least variable pitch swing joint makes it can by lower supreme distance that reduces one by one and pile up in the frame bottom between a plurality of adjacent layer framves in the bottom.

2. The automatic tray placement device according to claim 1, wherein: the adjacent shelves are connected with each other through at least two sections of hinges.

3. The automatic tray placement device according to claim 1, wherein: the adjacent layer frames are connected with each other through the telescopic rod.

4. The automatic tray placement device according to claim 1, wherein: the layer frames are connected in sequence through flexible slings.

5. The automatic tray placement device according to claim 1, wherein: the layer frame both sides are equipped with horizontal track groove, bearing fork both sides be equipped with horizontal track groove adaptation sliding connection's support slide rail.

6. The automatic tray placement device according to claim 1 or 5, wherein: the translation driving assembly comprises a driving motor fixedly installed on the rack, a transmission shaft vertically arranged and driven by the driving motor, and a pushing wheel arranged on the transmission shaft and matched with the two sides of the bearing fork.

7. The automatic tray placement device according to claim 6, wherein: the pushing wheel is a gear, and racks meshed with the gear are arranged on two sides of the supporting fork.

8. The automatic tray placement device according to claim 1, wherein: the lifting driving assembly comprises a lifting motor fixedly mounted on the rack, a winding drum mounted at the top of the rack and driven by the lifting motor, and a pull rope wound on the winding drum and connected with the top layer rack at the free end.

9. The automatic tray placement device according to claim 8, wherein: the end part of the winding drum is provided with a ratchet wheel self-locking mechanism for preventing the winding drum from unwinding the rope.

10. The automatic tray placement device according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom end of the frame is installed on a movable base in a floating mode, and the movable base is provided with trundles and a driver for driving the frame to ascend and descend.

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