CN111695269A - Multi-time-interval electricity-gas comprehensive energy system state estimation method, system and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a state estimation method, a state estimation system and a state estimation device for an electric-gas comprehensive energy system of multiple time discontinuities. The system comprises: a processor and a memory coupled to the processor, the memory storing a computer program. The device comprises an acquisition unit, an estimation unit and an execution unit. The invention realizes effective perception of the running state and the change trend of the electricity-gas comprehensive energy system in a certain period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of state estimation of an electricity-gas integrated energy system, and particularly relates to a state estimation method, system and device of the electricity-gas integrated energy system with multiple time discontinuities.
Background
With the continuous deepening of the coupling relation between the electric power system and the natural gas system, a high-efficiency novel operation mode of the electricity-gas comprehensive energy system is formed through collaborative planning and design. The loss is little in the natural gas transmission process, possesses long distance transmission ability, can with the nimble conversion of electric energy, each other be the support. The novel operation mode is significant in terms of improving energy utilization efficiency and reducing pollutant discharge. Therefore, in order to sense the operation state of the electric-gas integrated energy system in real time and grasp the dynamic change trend thereof, it is necessary to perform state estimation on the electric-gas integrated energy system.
At present, a great deal of research on the state estimation problem of the electricity-gas integrated energy system is carried out by people. The current state estimation method of the electric-gas integrated energy system considers the aspects of the robust performance, the solving algorithm and the like, is separated from the reality in the state estimation process, does not consider the difference of response speeds between a natural gas system and an electric power system in the electric-gas integrated energy system, uniformly adopts the steady-state model approximation, causes the estimation result to have larger deviation from the actual condition, and is difficult to describe the dynamic characteristic of the system in the longer transient state process of the natural gas.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of large deviation of the state estimation of the conventional electric-gas integrated energy system, and provides a multi-time-interval state estimation method, a multi-time-interval state estimation system and a multi-time-interval state estimation device for the electric-gas integrated energy system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme
The method for estimating the state of the multi-time-interval electric-gas integrated energy system comprises the following steps:
collecting natural gas system characteristics and electric power system characteristics of the electricity-gas integrated energy system;
according to the natural gas system characteristic and the electric power system characteristic, a target function with the minimum error weighted square sum is used as constraint, state estimation is carried out through a multi-time-interval electro-pneumatic comprehensive energy system state estimation model, and an estimation result of the state quantity of the electro-pneumatic comprehensive energy system, including a node voltage amplitude estimation value, a node voltage phase angle estimation value and pressure intensity estimation values of all points of the natural gas system, is obtained through solving; the state estimation model of the multi-time-interval power-gas integrated energy system comprises a natural gas system model considering transient state, a power system steady-state model and a coupling element model;
and feeding back the state quantity estimation result of the electric-gas integrated energy system obtained by solving to each control system of the electric-gas integrated energy system.
Further, a natural gas system model, a power system steady-state model and a coupling element model considering the transient state are established by analyzing the natural gas system characteristics and the power system characteristics in the electricity-gas integrated energy system.
Further, the natural gas system characteristics include a topology structure, a node number, pipeline parameters, and pressurization station parameters of the natural gas system; the power system characteristics include topology, bus numbering, and branch parameters of the power system.
Further, the natural gas system model considering the transient state comprises a natural gas pipeline equation, a pressurization station equation and a node balance relation;
the natural gas pipeline equation is a natural gas pipeline transient equation in a difference form:
the pressure station equation is as follows:
in the formula ac,tIndicating the pressurization ratio of the pressurization station c at time t,
and
respectively representing the natural gas pressure at the inbound and outbound sites,
and
representing the natural gas flow at the inbound and outbound sites, respectively;
the node balance relationship is as follows:
for any time t, any node i at the time satisfies the flow conservation relation.
Further, the steady-state model of the power system is a measurement equation of the node voltage, the branch power flow and the node injection power.
Further, the coupling element model is:
the relationship between the gas turbine natural gas input flow and the electrical power output is as follows:
PGT,t＝ηGTFGT,t(18)
in the formula, PGT,tFor gas turbine output power, ηGTAs an efficiency factor, FGT,tThe micro gas turbine consumes gas quantity;
and the conversion relation between the power consumption of the electric gas conversion device and the output flow of the natural gas is as follows:
PP2G,t＝ηP2GFP2G,t(19)
in the formula, PP2G,tConsuming power for electric conversion, ηP2GAs an efficiency factor, FP2G,tIs the amount of natural gas flow generated.
Further, when a multi-time-section electricity-gas integrated energy system state estimation model is built, a target function of the model is built on the basis of a least square method, and the weighted square sum of errors between the estimation value and the measurement value under each time section is minimized.
The multi-time-interval electricity-gas integrated energy system state estimation system comprises: a processor and a memory coupled to the processor, the memory storing a computer program that, when executed by the processor, performs the steps of the method for estimating a state of an electric-gas integrated energy system with multiple temporal discontinuities.
The multi-time-interval state estimation device for the electric-gas integrated energy system comprises:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the natural gas system characteristic and the electric power system characteristic of the electricity-gas integrated energy system;
the estimation unit is used for carrying out state estimation through a multi-time discontinuous surface electricity-gas integrated energy system state estimation model by taking an objective function with the minimum error weighted square sum as constraint according to the natural gas system characteristics and the electric power system characteristics, and solving to obtain an estimation result of the electricity-gas integrated energy system state quantity including a node voltage amplitude estimation value, a node voltage phase angle estimation value and pressure intensity estimation values of all points of the natural gas system; the state estimation model of the multi-time-interval power-gas integrated energy system comprises a natural gas system model considering transient state, a power system steady-state model and a coupling element model;
and the execution unit is used for feeding back the state quantity estimation result of the electric-gas integrated energy system obtained by solving to each control system of the electric-gas integrated energy system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention provides a state estimation method, a system and a device of an electric-gas comprehensive energy system with multiple time discontinuities. Compared with the traditional steady-state model, the method has the advantages that under the actual condition, when the natural gas system in the electricity-gas integrated original system is in the transient state process, the estimation result has higher accuracy, and the change process of the natural gas system in the transient state process can be accurately described.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for estimating the state of a multi-interval power-gas integrated energy system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of an electric-gas integrated energy system.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an electro-pneumatic coupling element.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a state estimation apparatus for a multi-time intermittent electric-gas integrated energy system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
The invention provides a multi-time-interval state estimation method for an electricity-gas integrated energy system, which mainly aims at the longer transient process of a natural gas system in the electricity-gas integrated energy system. The method establishes an objective function with the objective of minimizing the weighted sum of squares of the error between the estimated and measured values, and solves the objective function. Firstly, collecting network parameters of an electricity-gas integrated energy system, wherein the network parameters comprise a topological structure, a bus number and branch parameters of an alternating power system, a topological structure, a node number, pipeline parameters and pressurizing station parameters of a natural gas system; then forming a measurement equation based on the steady-state model of the power system and the Euler equation of the natural gas system; finally, a state estimation model is established with the goal of minimizing the weighted sum of squares of the error between the estimated and measured values.
The invention provides a multi-time-interval state estimation method for an electric-gas comprehensive energy system based on the electric-gas comprehensive energy system, which is shown in figure 1. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
s01, collecting and importing network parameters of the electricity-gas integrated energy system, wherein the network parameters comprise a topological structure, a bus number and branch parameters of an electricity-gas system, a topological structure, a node number, pipeline parameters and pressurizing station parameters of a natural gas system;
s02, analyzing the characteristics of a natural gas system and a power system in the electricity-gas integrated energy system, and establishing a natural gas system model, a power system steady-state model and a coupling element model considering transient state;
s03, aiming at the electric-gas integrated energy system, establishing an objective function with the minimum error weighted square sum, integrating the electric-gas integrated energy system and forming a multi-time discontinuous electric-gas integrated energy system state estimation model;
and S04, solving the state quantity estimation result by using computer simulation software to obtain the state quantity estimation result of the electric-gas comprehensive energy system, wherein the state quantity estimation result comprises the node voltage amplitude estimation value, the node voltage phase angle estimation value and the pressure intensity estimation values of all points of the natural gas system, and feeding back the state quantity estimation result obtained by solving to each control system.
The method comprises the following specific implementation steps:
step 1: and inputting network parameters of the electric-gas integrated energy system.
Firstly, importing the operation parameters of the electricity-gas integrated energy system network shown in figure 2, wherein the operation parameters specifically comprise a topological structure, a bus number and branch parameters of an alternating power system, a topological structure, a node number, pipeline parameters and pressurizing station parameters of a natural gas system;
step 2: and establishing an electricity-gas comprehensive energy system model.
Step 2.1: and establishing a natural gas system model.
(1) Natural gas pipeline equation
Natural gas flow is driven by pressure differences at the beginning and end of the pipeline and depends to some extent on factors such as pipeline length, pipeline internal diameter, transmission path height, pipeline roughness and boundary conditions. Considering the above factors, the transient change process inside the pipeline can be described by a one-dimensional dynamic equation along the axis of the natural gas pipeline, i.e. a set of partial differential equations obtained according to the law of conservation of mass and the law of momentum, as shown in the following formula:
in the above formula, rho (t, x) is the density of natural gas in the pipeline, v (t, x) is the speed of the natural gas, g is the gravity acceleration, α is the elevation angle of the pipeline, lambda is the friction coefficient, d is the inner diameter of the pipeline, for convenient calculation, certain simplification is carried out on the formula (1) and the formula (2), and the influence of the convection term is ignored
And assuming that the altitude is constant, i.e., α is 0, the equation can be ignored(2) The second and fourth terms in (1). Further, the relationship between the natural gas flow rate and the natural gas movement speed shown in the formula (3) and the relationship between the ideal gas pressure and the density shown in the formula (4) may be substituted for the formulas (1) and (2), to obtain two differential equations shown in the formulas (5) and (6).
F(t,x)＝v(t,x)·ρ(t,x)·A (3)
Applying a Wendroff difference method to a natural gas pipeline transient equation to obtain a natural gas pipeline transient equation form in a difference form:
where K denotes a set of pipes, s 1,2,3k-1,Nk；
For any pipeline k, 4 new variables F are introducedk,0,t、
πk,0,tAnd
by Fk,0,tAnd
represents the initial flow and the final flow of the pipeline, pik,0,tAnd
the pressure at the starting node and the pressure at the end node of the pipeline are expressed, so that the following relation can be obtained:
wherein (i, j) ∈ k,
and
indicating the initial injection flow and the final outflow flow of the pipe k, the initial and final being chosen according to a reference direction given in advance. Pii,tRepresenting the natural gas pressure at node i.
(2) Equation of pressure station
For the pressurizing station, the pressure variation relationship at the inlet and outlet of the pressurizing station is considered, so that the pressure variation relationship is equivalently treated as a branch:
in the formula ac,tIndicating the pressurization ratio of the pressurization station c at time t.
And
respectively representing the natural gas pressure at the inbound and outbound sites,
and
indicating the natural gas flow rates at the inbound and outbound sites, respectively.
(3) Node balance relationship
For any time t, any node i at that time should satisfy the flow conservation relation, that is, the mass flow of the natural gas flowing into the node is equal to the mass flow of the natural gas flowing out of the node:
in the formula, Fi,tIndicating the natural gas injection flow rate at node i.
Step 2.2: and establishing a power system steady-state model.
The measurement in the power system is node voltage, branch power flow and node injection power, wherein the measurement equation of the branch power flow and the node injection power is as follows:
in the formula, Pij,tAnd Qij,tRepresenting active and reactive power flows, P, of the branchesi,tAnd Qi,tIndicating injected power of node i，UiRepresenting the voltage at node i, G and B being the real and imaginary parts, θ, of the node admittance array, respectivelyij,t＝θi,t-θj,tRepresenting the phase angle difference across the leg.
Step 2.3: and establishing a coupling element model.
As shown in fig. 3, the coupling element comprises a gas turbine and an electric gas conversion device. Gas turbines can produce electrical energy by burning natural gas, which can be considered as equivalent power sources in an electrical system and equivalent gas loads in a natural gas system. Gas turbines are often used to smooth out load fluctuations in electrical power systems. And the electricity changes the gas device and can realize the conversion from electric energy to the natural gas, and thereby surplus electric energy can be converted into the natural gas and reduce the energy waste.
(1) Gas turbine
The following relationship exists between the natural gas input flow and the electric power output of the gas turbine:
PGT,t＝ηGTFGT,t(18)
in the formula, PGT,tFor gas turbine output power, ηGTAs an efficiency factor, FGT,tMicro gas turbines consume gas quantities.
(2) Electric gas conversion
The conversion relationship between the power consumption of the electric gas conversion device and the output flow of the natural gas can be represented by the following formula:
PP2G,t＝ηP2GFP2G,t(19)
in the formula, PP2G,tConsuming power for electric conversion, ηP2GAs an efficiency factor, FP2G,tIs the amount of natural gas flow generated.
And step 3: and constructing a state estimation method of the multi-time-interval power-gas integrated energy system.
The objective function of the model is constructed based on the least square method, the weighted square sum of the errors between the estimated value and the measured value under each time section is minimized, and the expression is as follows:
r in the objective functioneAnd RgCovariance matrixes of measurement errors of the power system and the natural gas system are respectively,
measuring column vectors, including node voltages, for quantities
Branch active power
Branch reactive power
Node injection active power
Node injected reactive power
Natural gas flow rate of node injection
Nodal pressure
Pressure at points in the pipeline
And flow rate
ze,t,zg,tThe corresponding column vector of estimates is measured for the quantity. In the objective function, each element in the quantity measurement column vector is obtained through a data acquisition system, the estimation value column vector is obtained through solving, and the elements in the estimation value column vector should meet the constraint condition formed by the natural gas system model considering the transient state, the power system steady-state model and the coupling element model which are established in the step 2.
And (3) combining the objective function and the constraint conditions obtained through all links in the step (2) to form a multi-time discontinuous electricity-gas integrated energy system state estimation model. The model is a multi-time discontinuous surface state estimation model established aiming at a transient process existing in a natural gas system, aims to sense the dynamic characteristics of an electricity-gas integrated energy system within a period of time, and improves the estimation performance by utilizing the redundancy of multi-time discontinuous surface measurement.
And 4, step 4: and (4) solving the state estimation of the multi-time discontinuous electricity-gas integrated energy system.
According to the constructed multi-interval electric-gas integrated energy system state estimation model, computer simulation software is used for solving the model, the estimated value of the node voltage amplitude of the electric power system, the estimated value of the node voltage phase angle and the estimated value of the pressure intensity of each point of the natural gas system in the calculation results are final state estimation results of the electric-gas integrated energy system, the system state estimation results obtained through solving are fed back to each control system of the electric-gas integrated energy system, and the results obtained through solving are fed back to each control system for reference of operation scheduling personnel.
As shown in fig. 4, the apparatus for estimating a state of an electric-gas integrated energy system with multiple time intervals according to the present invention includes: the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the natural gas system characteristic and the electric power system characteristic of the electricity-gas integrated energy system; the estimation unit is used for carrying out state estimation through a multi-time discontinuous surface electricity-gas integrated energy system state estimation model by taking an objective function with the minimum error weighted square sum as constraint according to the natural gas system characteristics and the electric power system characteristics, and solving to obtain an estimation result of the electricity-gas integrated energy system state quantity including a node voltage amplitude estimation value, a node voltage phase angle estimation value and pressure intensity estimation values of all points of the natural gas system; the state estimation model of the multi-time-interval power-gas integrated energy system comprises a natural gas system model considering transient state, a power system steady-state model and a coupling element model; and the execution unit is used for feeding back the state quantity estimation result of the electric-gas integrated energy system obtained by solving to each control system of the electric-gas integrated energy system. The estimation unit is used for constructing a multi-time-interval power-gas comprehensive energy system state estimation model by taking an objective function with the minimum error weighted square sum as a constraint and combining a natural gas system model, a power system steady-state model and a coupling element model which consider transient states, so that the running track of the system in a certain period of time is sensed, and the accuracy of an estimation result is improved. In an actual situation, when a natural gas system in the electric-gas integrated original system is in a transient state process, a natural gas system model, a power system steady-state model and a coupling element model which consider the transient state are established by analyzing the characteristics of the natural gas system and the characteristics of the power system in the electric-gas integrated energy system, so that an estimation result has higher accuracy, and the change process of the natural gas system in the transient state process can be accurately described.
The invention provides a state estimation system of a multi-time-interval electricity-gas integrated energy system, which comprises: a processor and a memory coupled to the processor, the memory storing a computer program that, when executed by the processor, performs the steps of the method for estimating a state of an electric-gas integrated energy system with multiple temporal discontinuities.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The method for estimating the state of the multi-time-interval electric-gas integrated energy system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
collecting natural gas system characteristics and electric power system characteristics of the electricity-gas integrated energy system;
according to the natural gas system characteristic and the electric power system characteristic, a target function with the minimum error weighted square sum is used as constraint, state estimation is carried out through a multi-time-interval electro-pneumatic comprehensive energy system state estimation model, and an estimation result of the state quantity of the electro-pneumatic comprehensive energy system, including a node voltage amplitude estimation value, a node voltage phase angle estimation value and pressure intensity estimation values of all points of the natural gas system, is obtained through solving; the state estimation model of the multi-time-interval power-gas integrated energy system comprises a natural gas system model considering transient state, a power system steady-state model and a coupling element model;
and feeding back the state quantity estimation result of the electric-gas integrated energy system obtained by solving to each control system of the electric-gas integrated energy system.
2. The multi-interval electrical-pneumatic energy system state estimation method according to claim 1, wherein the transient-state-considered natural gas system model, the power system steady-state model, and the coupling element model are created by analyzing natural gas system characteristics and power system characteristics within the electrical-pneumatic energy system.
3. The multi-interval electrical-pneumatic energy integration system state estimation method according to claim 2, wherein the natural gas system characteristics comprise a topology of the natural gas system, a node number, pipeline parameters, and pressurization station parameters; the power system characteristics include topology, bus numbering, and branch parameters of the power system.
4. The multi-temporal discontinuity electric-gas integrated energy system state estimation method according to claim 2, wherein the transient-considered natural gas system model comprises a natural gas pipeline equation, a pressurization station equation and a node balance relationship;
the natural gas pipeline equation is a natural gas pipeline transient equation in a difference form:
the pressure station equation is as follows:
in the formula ac,tIndicating the pressurization ratio of the pressurization station c at time t,
and
respectively representing the natural gas pressure at the inbound and outbound sites,
and
representing the natural gas flow at the inbound and outbound sites, respectively;
the node balance relationship is as follows:
for any time t, any node i at the time satisfies the flow conservation relation.
5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the power system steady state model is a measurement equation of node voltage, branch power flow and node injection power.
6. The method according to claim 2, wherein the coupling element model is:
the relationship between the gas turbine natural gas input flow and the electrical power output is as follows:
PGT,t＝ηGTFGT,t(18)
in the formula, PGT,tFor gas turbine output power, ηGTAs an efficiency factor, FGT,tThe micro gas turbine consumes gas quantity;
and the conversion relation between the power consumption of the electric gas conversion device and the output flow of the natural gas is as follows:
PP2G,t＝ηP2GFP2G,t(19)
in the formula, PP2G,tConsuming power for electric conversion, ηP2GAs an efficiency factor, FP2G,tIs the amount of natural gas flow generated.
7. The method according to claim 2, wherein when constructing the multi-time-interruption electric-gas comprehensive energy system state estimation model, an objective function of the model is constructed based on a least square method, and a weighted square sum of errors between the estimation values and the measurement values under each time section is minimized.
8. The multi-time-interval electricity-gas comprehensive energy system state estimation system is characterized by comprising: a processor and a memory coupled to the processor, the memory storing a computer program that, when executed by the processor, performs the steps of the method for multiple temporal discontinuity electro-pneumatic energy system state estimation according to any of claims 1-7.
9. The device for estimating the state of the multi-time-interval electric-gas integrated energy system is characterized by comprising the following components:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the natural gas system characteristic and the electric power system characteristic of the electricity-gas integrated energy system;
the estimation unit is used for carrying out state estimation through a multi-time discontinuous surface electricity-gas integrated energy system state estimation model by taking an objective function with the minimum error weighted square sum as constraint according to the natural gas system characteristics and the electric power system characteristics, and solving to obtain an estimation result of the electricity-gas integrated energy system state quantity including a node voltage amplitude estimation value, a node voltage phase angle estimation value and pressure intensity estimation values of all points of the natural gas system; the state estimation model of the multi-time-interval power-gas integrated energy system comprises a natural gas system model considering transient state, a power system steady-state model and a coupling element model;
and the execution unit is used for feeding back the state quantity estimation result of the electric-gas integrated energy system obtained by solving to each control system of the electric-gas integrated energy system.
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