CN106874595B - Water transfer pipe network computational methods based on node parameter technology - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B1/00—Methods or layout of installations for water supply
- E03B1/02—Methods or layout of installations for water supply for public or like main supply for industrial use
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2113/00—Details relating to the application field
- G06F2113/14—Pipes
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of water transfer pipe network computational methods based on node parameter technology, are related to Water Resources Domain.The method：Survey pipe network system is treated to be initialized；Pipe network system to be measured after initialization is decomposed into the calculating pipeline connected between parametrization node and two neighboring parametrization node；It will calculate pipeline by calculating pipeline Connecting quantity and node Connecting quantity and be combined with parameterizing node connection；Whether the time for judging currently to calculate is the model cootrol end time, if it is, completing the calculating for entirely having pressure pipe net in current time pipe network system to be measured；If it is not, then returning to S1, until the time is currently calculated as the end time, the calculating for entirely having pressure pipe net in present period pipe network system to be measured is completed.Water transfer pipe network computational methods proposed by the present invention are on the basis of realizing that pipe network is decomposed and quickly calculated, moreover it is possible to ensure the precision of simulation calculating well, calculating effect is no less than business software Hammer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water conservancy, in particular to a water pipe network computing method based on a node parameterization technology.
Background
The water supply system is an important infrastructure of a city and is responsible for conveying water from a water source to a water consumer so as to meet the requirements of urban life and production water. Along with the rapid development of cities, the demand of urban water supply capacity is higher and higher, and the construction of water supply systems is more and more complex. On one hand, the pipe network under the pressure water delivery has more operating conditions and large management and control difficulty; on the other hand, the safe and efficient operation of the water delivery pipe network is very important for the normal operation of each water demand department in the city. Besides the problems of reasonable design and the like, the water delivery pipe network also has the problems of pipeline leakage and even breakage in operation, local engineering damage caused by an overlarge water hammer of a water pump station, local water attack caused by out-of-control valve and the like. The safe and efficient operation of the water delivery pipe network not only depends on reasonable and hard engineering design and construction, but also does not leave an analog simulation platform supporting rapid analysis and decision-making of managers. The existing relatively laggard water pipe network simulation calculation technology and information management technology are short boards for scientific management of urban water pipe networks in China.
The research on the simulation calculation of the complex water delivery pipe network and the related technology thereof have more achievements at home and abroad for reference. Although the calculation methods and model software for the water delivery pipe network are numerous and the simulation calculation experience is rich at home and abroad, the respective limitations and disadvantages still exist in practice. Many calculation models are still mainly based on energy equations and the equation of mean deviation theory, and are difficult to simulate the hydraulic transition process, especially when the internal regulation projects such as pump stations and air regulating valves are more and the pipe network connection is complex, either the functions are incompatible or the models are not open-source, and various problems such as complex model data management and high simulation calculation cost exist. The data storage, the model compatibility and the calculation efficiency are key factors for selecting the pipe network calculation model, and the pipe network calculation model which is convenient to store data, efficient in operation and easy to program has important significance for rapid prediction and decision of the water delivery pipe network.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a water pipe network computing method based on a node parameterization technology, so that the problems in the prior art are solved.
In order to achieve the above object, the method for calculating a water transportation pipe network based on a node parameterization technology of the present invention comprises:
s1, initializing a pipe network system to be tested according to node parameter values of all nodes in the pipe network system to be tested and a pipeline constant water delivery formula;
s2, decomposing the initialized pipe network system to be tested into parameterized nodes and a computing pipeline connected between two adjacent parameterized nodes; meanwhile, obtaining a calculation pipeline connection parameter and a node connection parameter, and connecting and combining the calculation pipeline and the parameterized node through the calculation pipeline connection parameter and the node connection parameter;
s3, judging whether the current calculated time is the model control ending time or not, and if so, finishing the calculation of the whole pressure pipe network in the pipe network system to be detected at the current time; if not, returning to S1 until the current calculation time is the end time, and finishing the calculation of the whole pressure pipe network in the pipe network system to be measured at the current time period.
Preferably, in step S2, a transient calculation model of the pressure pipeline is used to calculate any calculated pipeline to obtain any calculated pipeline connection parameter, wherein the transient calculation model of the pressure pipeline is established as follows:
deriving a water attack equation set according to the continuity of water flow in a pipeline and the momentum conservation principle, wherein a continuity equation in the water attack equation set is shown in a formula (1), and a momentum equation in the water attack equation set is shown in a formula (2);
wherein a is the water shock wave velocity in m/s; v is the flow velocity in m/s; h is the head, unit m; alpha is the angle for calculating the anticlockwise rotation of the pipeline to the horizontal direction when alpha is&0.05, ignoring vsin alpha; f is the Darcy-Weisbach coefficient of friction loss; g is gravity acceleration in m/s 2 (ii) a D is the calculated diameter of the pipeline in m; x is the calculated spatial position in m; t is tRepresents the current calculation time in units of s;
solving a water attack equation by adopting a characteristic line method, which specifically comprises the following steps: converting the water attack equation set into two sets of ordinary differential equations along the wave propagation direction by utilizing the corresponding characteristic equation of partial differential equation, namely, the ordinary differential equation C with the equation (3) as the equation (1) + Equation (4) is ordinary differential equation C of equation (2) － ：
Dispersing and integrating the two groups of ordinary differential equations to respectively obtain equation sets with flow and water head as parameters, wherein the equation sets are respectively an equation set (5) and an equation set (6):
wherein H P Calculating the water head of a section P in the pipeline in unit m; q P For calculating the flow at the section P in the pipeline, unit m 3 /s；H 1 、H 2 Respectively calculating the water heads of the known section 1 and the known section 2 in the pipeline in a unit of m; q 1 、Q 2 Respectively calculating the flow at the known section 1 and the known section 2 in the pipeline, and the unit m 3 S; Δ x is the calculation space step, unit m; a represents the area of the cross section to be calculated in the pipeline;
based on the equation set (5) and the equation set (6), explicitly calculating the water flow information at the position of the section P to be calculated of the calculation pipeline at the current moment by using the water flow information at the last moment of the calculation pipeline;
for ease of calculation, equation set (5) and equation set (6) are simplified as:
C + :H P ＝C P -B P Q P (7)
C - :H P ＝C M +B M Q P (8)
wherein, setting:
converting the simplified equation (7) and the simplified equation (8) to obtain the flow Q at the section P P Is calculated byAnd calculating the water head and/or pressure in the pipeline according to the equation (7) and the equation (8) to finish the calculation of the water flow of the arbitrary calculation pipeline.
More preferably, the parameterized node comprises the node types of a common connecting node/branch of a river point, a water head boundary, a flow water head boundary, a flow valve, a water pump unit, an air valve, a check valve, an inspection well, a water level pool/pressure regulating pool, a pressure regulating tower, a water distributing/taking node, a mud valve and a tunnel/open channel section node; in step S2, each type of parameterized node is calculated by adopting a node calculation model to obtain node connection parameters.
More preferably, the first node calculating unit is adopted to calculate the connection parameter of any one common connection node/branch of a river point, and specifically:
setting the water head at the common connection node/branch of a river point as H Node The common connection node/branch of a river has two characteristics:
a first feature: flow Q of each pipeline i flowing into the common connection node/branch of a river point i Satisfies the equation:
a second feature: flow-Q of each pipeline i flowing out of the common connection node/branch of a river point i Satisfies the equation:
then the continuity and the energy conservation Sigma Q of the water flow at the common connection node/branch of a river point i =0, the water head calculation formula (9) at the ordinary connection node/branch of a river point is obtained:
wherein, C PDWi 、B PDWi The section of the end of the pipe i, which respectively represents the point of inflow of the common connection node/branch of a river, corresponds to C in equation (7) P 、B P A parameter; c MUPi 、B MUPi The section of the head end of the pipeline i corresponding to the point of outflow of the common connecting node/branch of a river corresponds to C in equation (8) M 、B M And (4) parameters.
More preferably, the water head boundary, the flow boundary and the flow water head boundary are collectively referred to as external edge nodes, the external edge nodes are set as nodes i, and a second node calculation unit is adopted to calculate the connection parameters of any one node i, specifically:
setting known flow rate change process Q at upstream of pipeline connected with node I up = Q (t); then the flow process Q of the pipeline section I at the node I is obtained by the node attribute parameter index p ＝Q up Calculating the water head at the position I of the section of the pipeline with the node I by adopting a formula (10):
H P ＝C MUP +B MUP Q P (10)
or a known water head process at the downstream of the pipeline connected with the node I is set as follows: h DW H (t), obtaining the water head process H of the pipeline section at the node I by node attribute parameter index P ＝H DW The formula (11) is adopted to calculate the I flow of the pipeline section at the node I:
wherein H P Calculating the water head of a pipeline section I at a node I in a unit m; q P Calculating the water head of the pipeline section I at the node I in unit m 3 /s；C PDW 、B PDW Pipe end section C representing inflow node I P 、B P A parameter; c MUP 、B MUP Pipeline head end section C respectively showing outflow node I M 、B M And (4) parameters.
More preferably, a third node calculation unit is adopted to calculate any one flow valve connection parameter, specifically:
judging whether the flow valve is a tail end valve positioned at the tail end of the pipeline or an internal valve arranged in the middle of the pipeline;
if it is the end valve beta, the flow Q of said end valve beta β The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, C β ＝(Q β0 τ) 2 /(2H β0 )，Q β0 、H β0 Respectively the flow and the water head when the tail end valve is fully opened; tau is a relative flow coefficient of the end valve and satisfies tau = C d A β /(C d A β ) 0 ，(C d A β ) 0 Indicating full opening of end valve C d A β A value; tau is 1 when the end valve is fully opened, and tau is 0 when the end valve is fully closed; c d Is the flow coefficient, A β The end valve opening area;
if it is an internal valve r, the flow Q of said internal valve r r The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein, Δ H r Local head loss in m when the internal valve is fully opened; q r0 The flow rate of the internal valve when fully opened is in unit of m 3 S; since the formula (15) is an implicit expression, the flow Q of the internal valve needs to be calculated by iteration r ；
Calculating the cross-sectional flow and Q of the outlet end of the pipeline connected with the end valve after the flow of the end valve and/or the internal valve is obtained β Equal; pipeline inlet end cross-sectional flow and Q connected with internal valve r Equal; then respectively calculating the water head H of the section of the outlet end of the pipeline connected with the end valve k And a water head H of a cross section of an inlet end of the pipeline connected with the internal valve w ：
Water head H at pipeline inlet end k k Calculating the formula: h k ＝C PDW -B PDW Q k ；
W head H at outlet end of pipeline w Calculating the formula: h w ＝C MUP +B MUP Q w ；
And taking a local impedance node mud discharging valve as a flow valve node of which the internal valve is fully opened with tau = 1.
More preferably, the fourth node calculation unit is used for calculating the connection parameters of the water pump unit, and specifically comprises the following steps: the calculation equation of any water pump unit is as follows:
H Pump ＝H d (q 2 +n 2 )WH(e) (16)
in the formula: h Pump The unit is the unit m of the unit lift; h d Designing the lift for a water pump unit, wherein the unit is m; q and n are the relative flow and the relative rotation speed of the water pump unit respectively; WH (e) represents the total characteristic quantity of the water pump unit, and the total characteristic quantity is obtained by looking up a Suter curve; e is the relation quantity between the rotating speed and the flow of the water pump unit, and meets the requirement
The equation of the relative flow q of the water pump unit and the relative rotating speed n of the water pump unit is as follows:
H d (q 2 +n 2 )WH(e)-C MUP +C PDW -(B MUP +B PDW )Q d q＝0 (17)
wherein Q is d Designing the lift for a water pump unit, wherein the unit is m;
in addition, the relative rotation speed n of the water pump unit has different determination methods under different operation conditions, and the determination methods comprise the following steps:
under the working condition I, when the water pump unit normally operates, the rated rotating speed of the water pump unit is 1.0;
under a second working condition, when the engine is normally started and stopped, approximately considering that n linearly changes between 0 and 1 in the starting and stopping time;
and under a third working condition, when the water pump unit is powered off, calculating the relative rotation speed n according to a torque equation of the water pump unit, wherein the calculation expression is as follows:
in the formula: n is 0 Representing the relative speed of rotation at the previous moment; m is a unit of 0 Representing the relative torque at the previous moment, m 00 Representing the relative torque at the first 2 time steps Δ t; t is c Is the inertia time constant, T, of the water pump unit c ＝GD 2 N d 2 /365P d Wherein GD is 2 Is flywheel torque, unit t.m 2 ，N d Is the rated speed of the water pump set, unit r/min, P d The rated power of the water pump unit is kW;
after the relative rotation speed n is obtained, the relative flow Q is calculated by trial according to an equation (17), and the over-flow Q of the water pump unit is obtained Pump ＝Q d q and the lift H of the computer set is calculated by formula (16) Pump (ii) a In addition, from m = (q) 2 +n 2 ) WB (e) calculates the relative torque of the pump unit.
More preferably, the fifth node calculation unit is used for calculating any one air valve connection parameter, specifically: solving the absolute pressure p by equation (27), calculating the air mass change at the current moment, solving the water flow Q flowing into the air valve at the current moment after the gas volume change avin And out of the airWater flow Q of air valve avout Then calculates the head H at the air valve av av ；
Suppose that: defining the relative pressure p in the conduit connected to any one of the air valves re ＝p/p abs And calculating the air quality of the air inlet and outlet valve according to the air state and pressure condition in the pipeline according to four conditions:
the first type of conditions: 0.53<p re &1, air flows into the air valve at subsonic velocity:
the second type of conditions: p is a radical of re When the air flow rate is less than or equal to 0.53, the air flows in at the critical speed:
the third type of conditions:while, air flows out at subsonic velocity:
the fourth type of conditions:at time, air flows out at critical velocity:
on the basis of obtaining the mass of the gas in the pipeline, combining a gas state equation (23), obtaining the volume of the gas in the pipeline connected with the air valve:
pV＝M av RT (23)
wherein M is av Satisfy the requirement of
In addition, the increment of the gas volume in the pipeline connected with the air valve is equal to the difference between the water volume of the outflow air valve and the water volume of the inflow air valve, and the formula (24) is satisfied:
the absolute pressure p is calculated using equation (27):
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
wherein p is the absolute pressure in the pipe; p is a radical of abs Atmospheric pressure outside the tube;the mass flow of air entering and exiting the air valve at the current moment; c in And A in Respectively is the flow coefficient and the flow area when the air enters the air valve; ρ is a unit of a gradient abs Is air density, satisfies rho abs ＝p abs /RT abs R is a gas constant, T abs Represents the outside air temperature of the duct; c out 、A out Air valve for air exhaustGate flow coefficient and flow area; t represents the temperature in the pipeline; v represents the volume of gas in the pipeline connected with the air valve at the current moment; m av Indicating the mass of gas in the pipeline connected with the air valve at the current moment; m av0 Indicating the mass of gas in the pipe connected with the air valve at the previous moment; v 0 Indicating the volume of gas in the pipe connected to the air valve at the previous moment; q avin And Q avout Respectively representing the water flow flowing into the air valve and the water flow flowing out of the air valve at the current moment; Δ t represents a time step; q avin0 And Q avout0 Respectively showing the flow of water flowing into the air valve and the flow of water flowing out of the air valve at the previous moment; rho is the density of the water body; c PDW 、B PDW Pipe end section C representing inflow node I P 、B P A parameter; c MUP 、B MUP Pipeline head end section C respectively showing outflow node I M 、B M A parameter; z is the air valve position elevation; h abs Is the absolute head of atmospheric pressure in m.
More preferably, the check valve, the manhole and the mud valve are used as a node II, and a sixth node calculation unit is adopted to calculate the connection parameters of the node II;
and calculating the connection parameters of the node II, wherein the two conditions are as follows:
in the first situation, a node II is put into use, the flow rate is 0, the node II is used as an external edge node, and the connection parameter of the node II is recorded by adopting a parameter calculation method of an external boundary point;
in the second case, node II is not used, and then the water head H of the section at the inlet end of node II P1 And outlet end section water head H of node II P2 The head loss equation is satisfied:
H P2 ＝H P1 -ΔH P (28)
lost head Δ H through node II P Calculated from the local loss coefficient parameter ζ of the node, typicallyA isThe area of the cross section of the pipeline; q P Calculating the section flow for the pipeline section II at the node II;
combining the node connection parameters and a pipeline characteristic equation:
H P1 ＝C PDW -B PDW Q P (29)
H P2 ＝C MUP +B MUP Q P (30)
calculate Q P Comprises the following steps:
finally, the water head H of the inlet end section of the node II is calculated by the formulas (29) and (30) P1 And outlet end section water head H of node II P2 。
More preferably, the water level pool/pressure regulating pool and the pressure regulating tower are used as a node iii, and a seventh node calculating unit is used for calculating connection parameters of the node iii, specifically:
and (3) calculating the flow of the pipeline section at the node III by adopting a formula (32) and a formula (33):
∑±Q i ＝ΔQ (32)
wherein H P0 A water head at the pipeline section at a node III at a moment, wherein As is the storage area of the node III;
then according to the node connection parameters, the flow Q of each pipeline i flowing into the node III i All satisfy the equationflow-Q for each pipe i of outflow node III i All satisfy the equationCan obtain a pipeline section water head H at a node III Ⅲ Equation (34) is calculated:
calculating the flow of each pipeline connected with the node III into and out of the node III according to the connection parameters;
C PDWi 、B PDWi end sections C of pipes each representing an inflow node III P 、B P A parameter; c MUPi 、B MUPi Pipeline head end section C corresponding to outflow node III M 、B M A parameter; a is the flow area of the pipeline section of the node III; Δ t is the calculation time step;
taking a water diversion/taking node as a node IV, and calculating a connection parameter of the node IV by adopting an eighth node calculation unit;
water diversion flow Q of node IV out Satisfies equation (35):
∑±Q i ＝Q out (35)
a water head H at the node IV Ⅳ ：
Calculating the flow of each pipeline connected with the node IV into and out of the node IV according to the connection parameters;
C PDWi 、B PDWi end sections C of pipes each representing an inflow node III P 、B P A parameter; c MUPi 、B MUPi Pipeline head end section C corresponding to outflow node III M 、B M A parameter;
taking the tunnel/open channel section node as a node V, and calculating a connection parameter of the node V by adopting a ninth node calculating unit;
the inlet end section water head H of the node V P3 And the outlet end section water head H of the node V P4 Meet the water head lossEquation (37):
H P4 ＝H P3 -ΔH P2 (37)
wherein node V loses head Δ H P2 Calculated by the slope coefficient J and the length L of the node parameters, and satisfies the requirement of delta H P2 ＝JL；
The water head H is calculated by adopting an equation (38) and an equation (39) p3 And head H p4 ：
H P3 ＝C PDW -B PDW Q P (38)
H P4 ＝C MUP +B MUP Q P (39)
Wherein, the section node flow Q at the node V P Comprises the following steps:
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the calculation method of the water delivery pipe network provided by the invention can well ensure the precision of analog calculation on the basis of realizing pipe network decomposition and quick calculation, and the calculation effect is not inferior to that of commercial software Hammer.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a water transportation network computing method based on a node parameterization technology according to the present application; FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a characteristic line method; FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a characteristic line method discrete grid; FIG. 4 is a diagram of a generic connecting node; figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an outer border node; FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a valve node; FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a water pump assembly; FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an air valve; FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a storage node; FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a water intake node; FIG. 11 shows the connection nodes such as open channels;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an engineering layout of an Yan perch pump station-stream Weng Zhuang pump station;
fig. 13 is a schematic view of the flow rate and head process of the inlet and outlet of the pipeline 2 in the embodiment 1; 13 (a) shows a schematic diagram of the process of the inlet and outlet flow and the water head of the pipeline 2 calculated by the method; 13 (b) a schematic diagram of the inlet and outlet flow and the water head process of the pipeline 2 calculated by using hammer software is shown;
fig. 14 is a schematic view of the flow rate and head process of the inlet and outlet of the pipeline 16 in embodiment 1; 14 (a) shows a schematic diagram of the process of flow and water head of the inlet and the outlet of the pipeline 16 calculated by the method of the invention; 14 (b) a schematic diagram of the process of flow and water head of the inlet and the outlet of the pipeline 16 calculated by using hammer software is shown;
fig. 15 is a schematic view of the flow rate and head process of the inlet and outlet of the pipeline 19 in embodiment 1; 15 (a) a schematic diagram of the process of flow and water head of an inlet and an outlet of the pipeline 19 calculated by the method is shown; 15 (b) a schematic diagram of the process of flow and water head of the inlet and the outlet of the pipeline 19 calculated by using hammer software is shown;
fig. 16 is a schematic view of the change of the head and tail end flow rate of the pipeline at different times along the way in example 1, and 16 (a) shows a schematic view of the change of the head and tail end flow rate of the pipeline at different times along the way calculated by the method of the present invention; 16 (b) a schematic diagram of the change of the flow of the head end and the tail end of the pipeline along the way at different times is obtained by calculation through hammer software;
fig. 17 is a schematic view of the variation of the head and tail end water heads of the pipeline at different times along the way in embodiment 1, and 17 (a) shows a schematic view of the variation of the head and tail end water heads of the pipeline at different times along the way calculated by the method of the present invention; 17 (b) a schematic diagram of head and tail end water heads of the pipeline at different times along the process is obtained by calculation through hammer software;
fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of the accidental pump-stopping operation process of the water pump 1 in embodiment 1, and 18 (a) is a schematic diagram of the accidental pump-stopping operation process of the water pump 1 calculated by the method of the invention; 18 (b) a schematic diagram of the operation process of the water pump 1 in the accident pump stopping process is obtained by calculation through hammer software;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view showing the operation of the air valve 1 in case of accident pump-off in the embodiment 1; 19 (a) shows a schematic diagram of the operation process of the air valve 1 which is calculated by adopting the method of the invention and stops the pump in case of accident; 19 (b) a schematic diagram of the air valve 1 accident pump-stopping operation process calculated by using hammer software is shown;
FIG. 20 is a schematic view showing the operation of the air valve 2 in the case of accidental pump-off in the embodiment 1; 20 (a) shows a schematic diagram of the air valve 2 accident pump-stopping operation process calculated by the method of the invention; 20 (b) a schematic diagram of the air valve 2 accident pump-stopping operation process calculated by using hammer software is shown;
FIG. 21 is a schematic view showing the operation of the air valve 4 in the case of accidental pump-off in the embodiment 1; 21 (a) shows a schematic diagram of the air valve 4 accident pump-stopping operation process calculated by the method of the invention; 21 (b) a schematic diagram of the air valve 4 accident pump-stopping operation process calculated by using hammer software is shown;
FIG. 22 is a schematic view showing the air valve 6 accident pump-off operation in embodiment 1; 22 (a) a schematic diagram of the air valve 6 accident pump-stopping operation process calculated by adopting the method of the invention is shown; 22 And (b) shows a schematic diagram of the air valve 6 accident-stop operation process calculated by using hammer software.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the application, the parameterized nodes comprise the nodes of common connecting nodes/branch of a river points, water head boundaries, flow water head boundaries, flow valves, water pump units, air valves, check valves, maintenance wells, water level pools/pressure regulating pools, pressure regulating towers, water distributing/taking nodes, mud valves and tunnel/open channel section nodes; in step S2, each type of parameterized node is calculated by adopting a node calculation model to obtain node connection parameters.
For the convenience of unified storage and calculation, parameterization is performed on each type of node, and then the parameterization is shown in the following table 1.
Table 1 parameterized node parameter tables of each type
The attribute parameter part "boundary condition number" in the table represents a time series process obtained by actual measurement or other means, and the series process is input into the model by a unified file, so that a number for indexing a corresponding sequence in the file exists. The remaining node parameters are described in conjunction with the node calculation model.
Example 1
The regulation and storage project of transferring the water from the south to the north into the dense cloud reservoir has the three-level total length of about 31km from a soft reservoir to the back of the dense cloud reservoir, comprises 22km of single-row PCCP pipelines with the diameter of 2.6m and about 800m of steel pipe pipelines, and newly establishes 3 booster pump stations, wherein the engineering calculation schematic diagram of the part from the front pool of the goose inhabiting pump station to the front pool of the stream Weng Zhuang pump station is shown in figure 1. The goose inhabitation pump station is the eighth stage of the cascade pump station, is positioned on the southwest side of the inverted siphon on the Beijing dense diversion canal of the Huai-Rou region, and is a pipeline pressurizing pump station. Pump station design flow 10m 3 And/s, the designed lift is 56.2m, and 3 horizontal double-suction centrifugal pumps are configured.
In the embodiment, the pressure pipeline from the front pool of the Yan perch pump station to the front pool of the stream Weng Zhuang pump station is used as a research object to conduct the water conveying pipe network calculation method invention research based on the node parameterization technology, wherein the complex connection relation of three parallel water pump units is considered in a detailed mode, so that the circular pipe network connection shown in the figure 12 appears. In the figure, branch lines of each water pump unit are connected with flow valves, and 6 air regulating valves are arranged at the key water head change positions in a water conveying pipeline after the water pump units go out of a pump station. In addition, the inflection points and the like of the pipes are also generalized to be connection nodes.
As shown in fig. 12, the computation pipe network unit of this embodiment includes: 19 pressure pipelines, wherein the pipelines are connected in series to form a 1-12 series-parallel connection, and the pipelines are connected in series to form a 13-19 series-parallel connection; 3 parallel water pump units; 3 flow regulating valves corresponding to the water pump set; 1 upstream pump station front pool water level boundary node, 1 downstream pump station front pool water level boundary node; 4 pipeline connection nodes; 6 air valves are connected to the node.
The working condition that the valve does not act (power failure) under the condition that the pump is stopped (3 pumps are stopped simultaneously) in an engineering accident is simulated by applying the method, and the result is compared and analyzed with the result calculated by the Hammer of the professional water Hammer calculation software as follows. The analysis content comprises the following steps: representing the flow and water head change conditions of the inlet and the outlet of the pipeline; representing the distribution condition of the flow water head of the connecting pipeline; representing the change of node flow and water head with time.
1. Representing flow and water head process of pipe section inlet and outlet
According to the simulation calculation result and the pipe network topography, the flow at the inlet and the outlet of the pipeline and the water head change condition represented by the pipelines 2, 16 and 19 are analyzed, and as shown in fig. 13-15, the obtained results are as follows:
as can be seen from fig. 13, the inlet and outlet flow rates and the water head of the pipeline 2 calculated by the method of the invention and the Hammer software are basically overlapped with the time-varying process, which on one hand indicates that the calculation result of the method of the invention is more accurate, and on the other hand also indicates that the flow rate and the water head of the water flow after flowing through the pipeline 2 are not greatly changed.
(ii) as can be seen in fig. 14, the flow and head of the water flowing through the pipe 16 calculated by the method of the present invention and Hammer are changed (air valve action), and the simulated change processes of the two methods are basically consistent.
(iii) in FIG. 13, it can be seen that the inlet and outlet flows of the pipe 19 calculated by the method of the present invention and Hammer are substantially coincident with each other over time, but the inlet head is significantly fluctuated.
According to the chart results, the representative pipe section inlet and outlet flow and the water head process calculated by the method are basically consistent with the result calculated by the Hammer software, and the representative pipe section inlet and outlet flow and the water head process can well correspond to extreme values, catastrophe points and the like.
2. Representing the flow and water head process of inlet and outlet of pipeline
The flow rate and water head distribution of the pipe network at the initial time of 1s,15s,30s,90s,180s,300s and 600s are analyzed by taking the connecting pipeline 1-2-3-4-8-9-13-14-15-16-17-18-19 as a representative, and see fig. 16 and 17.
As can be seen from FIGS. 16 and 17, the flow value and the hammer calculation, which represent the flow in the pipeline only in the first 30s of the simulation by the method of the present inventionThe larger difference, especially the hammer calculated total flow in the second half-section pipeline is obviously less than 15m 3 S, and in fact the design flow is 15m 3 And/s, the flow calculated by the method is more reasonable. In addition, as can be seen from fig. 16 (a) and (b), the pipeline basically has reverse water flow after 90s, and the maximum flow rates of the two simulated reverse directions are basically consistent. Representing the on-way head of the pipeline, the two simulation results show a large difference in head at the end of the pipeline 14, the head jump calculated by the method described in the present application is reflected in the pipeline 14, and Hammer appears at the end of the pipeline 14. In terms of arrangement, the processes of calculating the water head of the water tank and the water tank are basically consistent, and the simulation effect of the invention is good.
3. Representing the time change of the node flow and the water head
And (3) analyzing the change conditions of the node flow and the water head in the pipe network along with time by taking the node of the water pump 1 and the nodes of the air valves 1, 2, 4 and 6 as representatives. Considering the deactivation of the flow control valve, the analysis is not taken out alone in this embodiment, see fig. 18-22.
First, as can be seen from fig. 18, the flow, head and speed processes simulated by the two are basically consistent, the water pump is reversed in about 130s, the maximum relative reverse flow is about 0.43, and the maximum relative reverse speed is about 0.75. But obviously, the calculation result of the invention can reflect the tiny fluctuation in the operation process of the water pump.
As can be seen from FIGS. 19-22, the calculation results of this embodiment are more reflective of the small fluctuation of the air valve during operation, and the maximum and minimum values of the variation process of the water head and the flow calculated by the method of the present invention and the Hammer are substantially the same. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) as can be seen in FIG. 19, the inlet and outlet flow processes of the air valve 1 calculated by the method of the present invention and Hammer are basically overlapped;
(2) as can be seen in FIG. 20, the inlet and outlet flow processes of the air valve 2 calculated by the method of the present invention and Hammer are basically coincident;
(3) as can be seen in FIG. 21, the inlet and outlet flows of the air valve 4 calculated by the method of the present invention and Hammer have differences, and the inlet flow calculated by the method of the present invention has more drastic changes;
(4) as can be seen in FIG. 22, the inlet and outlet flow processes of the air valve 4 calculated by the method of the present invention and Hammer are basically coincident and have small local fluctuation;
by adopting the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, the following beneficial effects are obtained: the calculation method of the water delivery pipe network provided by the invention can well ensure the precision of analog calculation on the basis of realizing pipe network decomposition and quick calculation, and the calculation effect is not inferior to that of commercial software Hammer.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A water pipe network computing method based on a node parameterization technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, initializing a pipe network system to be tested according to node parameter values of all nodes in the pipe network system to be tested and a pipeline constant water delivery formula;
s2, decomposing the initialized pipe network system to be tested into parameterized nodes and computing pipelines connected between two adjacent parameterized nodes; meanwhile, obtaining a calculated pipeline connection parameter and a node connection parameter, and connecting and combining the calculated pipeline and the parameterized node by calculating the pipeline connection parameter and the node connection parameter;
s3, judging whether the current calculated time is the model control ending time or not, and if so, finishing the calculation of the whole pressure pipe network in the pipe network system to be detected at the current time; if not, returning to S1 until the current calculation time is the end time, and finishing the calculation of the whole pressure pipe network in the pipe network system to be measured at the current time period.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, a transient variable calculation model of the pressure pipeline is used to calculate any calculated pipeline to obtain any calculated pipeline connection parameter, wherein the transient variable calculation model of the pressure pipeline is established as follows:
deriving a water attack equation set according to the continuity of water flow in a pipeline and the momentum conservation principle, wherein a continuity equation in the water attack equation set is shown in a formula (1), and a momentum equation in the water attack equation set is shown in a formula (2);
wherein a is the water shock wave velocity in m/s; v is the flow velocity in m/s; h is the head, unit m; alpha is the angle for calculating the anticlockwise rotation of the pipeline to the horizontal direction when alpha is&0.05, ignoring vsin alpha; f is the Darcy-Weisbach coefficient of friction loss; g is gravity acceleration in m/s 2 (ii) a D is the calculated diameter of the pipeline in m; x is the calculated spatial position in m; t represents the current calculation time in units of s;
solving a water attack equation by adopting a characteristic line method, which specifically comprises the following steps: converting the water hammer equation set into two sets of ordinary differential equations along the wave propagation direction by utilizing the corresponding characteristic equation of the partial differential equation, namely the ordinary differential equation C with the equation (3) as the equation (1) + Equation (4) is ordinary differential equation C of equation (2) － ：
C + :
C - :
Dispersing and integrating the two groups of ordinary differential equations to respectively obtain equation sets with flow and water head as parameters, wherein the equation sets are respectively an equation set (5) and an equation set (6):
C + ：
C - ：
wherein H P Calculating the water head of a section P in the pipeline in unit m; q P For calculating the flow at the section P in the pipeline, unit m 3 /s；H 1 、H 2 Respectively calculating the water heads of the known section 1 and the known section 2 in the pipeline in a unit of m; q 1 、Q 2 Respectively calculating the flow at the known section 1 and the known section 2 in the pipeline, and the unit m 3 S; delta x is the calculated space step, unit m; a represents the area of the cross section to be calculated in the pipeline;
based on the equation set (5) and the equation set (6), explicitly calculating the water flow information at the position of the section P to be calculated of the calculation pipeline at the current moment by using the water flow information at the last moment of the calculation pipeline;
for ease of calculation, equation set (5) and equation set (6) are simplified as:
C + :H P ＝C P -B P Q P (7)
C - :H P ＝C M +B M Q P (8)
wherein, setting:
converting the simplified equation (7) and the simplified equation (8) to obtain the flow Q at the section P P Is calculated byCalculating the water head in the pipeline and/or according to the equation (7) and the equation (8)And (4) pressure, and finishing the calculation of the water flow of the pipeline in any calculation mode.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the parameterized nodes include node types of common connection nodes/branch of a river points, head boundaries, flow head boundaries, flow valves, water pump units, air valves, check valves, manholes, water level/surge tanks, surge towers, diversion/intake nodes, mud valves, and tunnel/open channel segment nodes; in step S2, each type of parameterized node is calculated by adopting a node calculation model to obtain node connection parameters.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the first node calculation unit is adopted to calculate the connection parameters of any one common connection node/branch of a river point, specifically:
setting the water head at the common connection node/branch of a river point as H Node The common connection node/branch of a river has two characteristics:
a first feature: flow Q of each pipeline i flowing into the common connection node/branch of a river point i Satisfies the equation:
the second characteristic: flow-Q of each pipeline i flowing out of the common connection node/branch of a river point i Satisfies the equation:
then the continuity and the energy conservation Sigma Q of the water flow at the common connection node/branch of a river point i =0, the water head calculation formula (9) at the ordinary connection node/branch of a river point is obtained:
wherein, C PDWi 、B PDWi Respectively representing the inflow into said common connectionThe section of the end of the pipe i connected with the node/branch of a river corresponds to C in equation (7) P 、B P A parameter; c MUPi 、B MUPi The section of the head end of the pipeline i corresponding to the point of the common connection node/branch of a river flowing out corresponds to C in equation (8) M 、B M And (4) parameters.
5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the water head boundary, the flow boundary and the flow water head boundary are collectively referred to as external edge nodes, the external edge node is taken as a node I, and a second node calculation unit is adopted to calculate the connection parameters of any one node I, specifically:
setting known flow rate change process Q at upstream of pipeline connected with node I up = Q (t); then the flow process Q of the pipeline section I at the node I is obtained by the node attribute parameter index p ＝Q up Calculating the water head at the position I of the section of the pipeline with the node I by adopting a formula (10):
H P ＝C MUP +B MUP Q P (10)
or a known water head process at the downstream of the pipeline connected with the node I is set: h DW H (t), obtaining the water head process H of the pipeline section at the node I by node attribute parameter index P ＝H DW The formula (11) is adopted to calculate the I flow of the pipeline section at the node I:
wherein H P Calculating the water head of a pipeline section I at a node I in a unit m; q P Calculating the water head of the pipeline section I at the node I in unit m 3 /s；C PDW 、B PDW Pipe end section C representing inflow node I P 、B P A parameter; c MUP 、B MUP Pipeline head end section C respectively showing outflow node I M 、B M And (4) parameters.
6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that a third node calculation unit is used to calculate any one flow valve connection parameter, specifically:
judging whether the flow valve is a tail end valve positioned at the tail end of the pipeline or an internal valve arranged in the middle of the pipeline;
if it is the end valve beta, the flow Q of said end valve beta β The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, C β ＝(Q β0 τ) 2 /(2H β0 )，Q β0 、H β0 Respectively the flow and the water head when the tail end valve is fully opened; tau is a relative flow coefficient of the end valve and satisfies tau = C d A β /(C d A β ) 0 ，(C d A β ) 0 Indicating full opening of end valve C d A β A value; tau is 1 when the end valve is fully opened, and tau is 0 when the end valve is fully closed; c d Is the flow coefficient, A β The end valve opening area;
if it is an internal valve r, the flow Q of said internal valve r r The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein, delta H r Local head loss in m when the internal valve is fully opened; q r0 The flow rate of the internal valve when fully opened is in unit of m 3 S; since the formula (15) is an implicit expression, the flow Q of the internal valve needs to be calculated by iteration r ；
Calculating to obtain the flow of the tail end valve and/or the internal valve, and then calculating the flow and the Q of the cross section of the outlet end of the pipeline connected with the tail end valve β Equal; pipeline inlet end cross-sectional flow and Q connected with internal valve r Equal; then respectively calculating the water head H of the section of the outlet end of the pipeline connected with the end valve k And withWater head H of pipeline inlet end section connected with internal valve w ：
Head H at the entrance k of the pipeline k Calculating the formula: h k ＝C PDW -B PDW Q k ；
W head H at outlet end of pipeline w Calculating the formula: h w ＝C MUP +B MUP Q w ；
And taking the local impedance node mud discharging valve as a flow valve node with the fully opened internal valve tau = 1.
7. The method according to claim 3, wherein the fourth node calculation unit is used for calculating the connection parameters of the water pump unit, and specifically comprises:
the calculation equation of any water pump unit is as follows:
H Pump ＝H d (q 2 +n 2 )WH(e) (16)
in the formula: h Pump The unit is the unit m of the unit lift; h d Designing the lift for a water pump unit, wherein the unit is m; q and n are the relative flow and the relative rotation speed of the water pump unit respectively; WH (e) represents the total characteristic quantity of the water pump unit, and the total characteristic quantity is obtained by looking up a Suter curve; e is the relation quantity between the rotating speed and the flow of the water pump unit, and meets the requirement
The equation of the relative flow q of the water pump unit and the relative rotating speed n of the water pump unit is as follows:
H d (q 2 +n 2 )WH(e)-C MUP +C PDW -(B MUP +B PDW )Q d q＝0 (17)
wherein Q is d Designing the lift for a water pump unit, wherein the unit is m;
in addition, the relative rotation speed n of the water pump unit has different determination methods under different operation conditions, and the determination methods comprise the following steps:
under the working condition I, when the water pump unit normally operates, the rated rotating speed of the water pump unit is 1.0;
under a second working condition, when the engine is normally started and stopped, approximately considering that n linearly changes between 0 and 1 in the starting and stopping time;
and under a third working condition, when the water pump unit is powered off, calculating the relative rotation speed n according to a torque equation of the water pump unit, wherein the calculation expression is as follows:
in the formula: n is a radical of an alkyl radical 0 Representing the relative speed of rotation at the previous moment; m is 0 Representing the relative torque at the previous moment, m 00 Representing the relative torque at the first 2 time steps Δ t; t is c Is the inertia time constant, T, of the water pump unit c ＝GD 2 N d 2 /365P d Wherein GD is 2 In units of moment of flywheel, t m 2 ，N d Is the rated speed of the water pump set, unit r/min, P d The rated power of the water pump unit is kW;
after the relative rotation speed n is obtained, the relative flow Q is calculated by trial according to an equation (17), and the over-flow Q of the water pump unit is obtained Pump ＝Q d q and the lift H of the computer set is calculated by formula (16) Pump (ii) a In addition, from m = (q) 2 +n 2 ) WB (e) calculates the relative torque of the pump unit.
8. A method according to claim 3, characterized by calculating any one of the air valve connection parameters using a fifth node calculation unit, in particular: solving the absolute pressure p by equation (27), calculating the air mass change at the current moment, solving the water flow Q flowing into the air valve at the current moment after the gas volume change avin And water flow rate Q out of the air valve avout Then calculates the head H at the air valve av av ；
Suppose that: defining the relative pressure p in the conduit connected to any one of the air valves re ＝p/p abs And calculating the air quality of the air inlet and outlet valve according to the air state and the pressure condition in the pipeline according to four conditions:
the first type of conditions: 0.53<p re &1, air flows into the air valve at subsonic velocity:
the second type of conditions: p is a radical of re At ≦ 0.53, air flows in at critical speed:
the third type of conditions:while, air flows out at subsonic velocity:
the fourth type of conditions:at time, air flows out at critical velocity:
on the basis of obtaining the gas mass in the pipeline, combining a gas state equation (23), obtaining the gas volume in the pipeline connected with the air valve:
pV＝M av RT (23)
wherein M is av Satisfy the requirement of
In addition, the increment of the gas volume in the pipeline connected with the air valve is equal to the difference between the water volume of the outflow air valve and the water volume of the inflow air valve, and the formula (24) is satisfied:
the absolute pressure p is calculated using equation (27):
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
wherein p is the absolute pressure in the pipe; p is a radical of formula abs Atmospheric pressure outside the tube;the mass flow of air entering and exiting the air valve at the current moment; c in And A in Respectively is the flow coefficient and the flow area when the air enters the air valve; rho abs Is air density, satisfies rho abs ＝p abs /RT abs R is a gas constant, T abs Represents the outside air temperature of the duct; c out 、A out Respectively representing the flow coefficient and the flow area of the air valve during air exhaust; t represents the temperature in the pipeline; v represents the volume of gas in the pipeline connected with the air valve at the current moment; m is a group of av Indicating the mass of gas in the pipeline connected with the air valve at the current moment; m av0 Indicating the mass of gas in the pipe connected with the air valve at the previous moment; v 0 Indicating the volume of gas in the pipe connected to the air valve at the previous moment; q avin And Q avout Respectively representing the water flow into the air valve and the air flow out at the present momentThe water flow rate of the air valve; Δ t represents a time step; q avin0 And Q avout0 Respectively showing the flow of water flowing into the air valve and the flow of water flowing out of the air valve at the previous moment; rho is the density of the water body; c PDW 、B PDW Pipe end section C representing inflow node I P 、B P A parameter; c MUP 、B MUP Pipeline head end section C respectively showing outflow node I M 、B M A parameter; z is the air valve position elevation; h abs Is the absolute head of atmospheric pressure in m.
9. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the check valve, the service well and the mud valve are taken as a node II, and a sixth node calculation unit is adopted to calculate the connection parameters of the node II;
and calculating the connection parameters of the node II, wherein the two conditions are as follows:
in the first situation, a node II is put into use, the flow rate is 0, the node II is taken as an external edge node, and the connection parameters of the node II are recorded by adopting a parameter calculation method of an external boundary point;
in the second case, node II is not used, and then the water head H of the section at the inlet end of node II P1 And outlet end section water head H of node II P2 The head loss equation is satisfied:
H P2 ＝H P1 -△H P (28)
loss head delta H through node II P Calculated from the local loss coefficient parameter ζ of the node, typicallyA is the area of the cross section of the pipeline; q P Calculating the section flow for the pipeline section II at the node II;
combining the node connection parameters and a pipeline characteristic equation:
H P1 ＝C PDW -B PDW Q P (29)
H P2 ＝C MUP +B MUP Q P (30)
calculate Q P Comprises the following steps:
finally, the water head H of the inlet end section of the node II is calculated by the formulas (29) and (30) P1 And outlet end section water head H of node II P2 。
10. The method according to claim 3, wherein the water level pool/pressure regulating pool and the pressure regulating tower are used as a node III, and a seventh node calculating unit is used for calculating connection parameters of the node III, specifically:
and (3) calculating the flow of the pipeline section at the node III by adopting a formula (32) and a formula (33):
∑±Q i ＝△Q (32)
wherein H P0 A water head at the pipeline section at a node III at a moment, wherein As is the storage area of the node III;
then according to the node connection parameters, the flow Q of each pipeline i flowing into the node III i All satisfy the equationflow-Q for each pipe i of outflow node III i All satisfy the equationThe pipeline section water head H at the node III can be obtained Ⅲ Equation (34) is calculated:
calculating the flow of each pipeline connected with the node III into and out of the node III according to the connection parameters;
C PDWi 、B PDWi end sections C of pipes each representing an inflow node III P 、B P A parameter; c MUPi 、B MUPi Pipeline head end section C corresponding to outflow node III M 、B M A parameter; a is the flow area of the pipeline section of the node III; delta t is a calculation time step;
taking a water dividing/taking node as a node IV, and calculating a connection parameter of the node IV by adopting an eighth node calculation unit;
water diversion flow Q of node IV out Satisfies equation (35):
∑±Q i ＝Q out (35)
a water head H at the node IV Ⅳ ：
Calculating the flow of each pipeline connected with the node IV into and out of the node IV according to the connection parameters;
taking the tunnel/open channel section node as a node V, and calculating a connection parameter of the node V by adopting a ninth node calculating unit;
the inlet end section water head H of the node V P3 And an outlet end section water head H of the node V P4 Satisfies the head loss equation (37):
H P4 ＝H P3 -△H P2 (37)
wherein node V loses head Delta H P2 Calculating by the slope coefficient J and the length L of the node parameters to satisfy the requirement of delta H P2 ＝JL；
The water head H is calculated by adopting an equation (38) and an equation (39) p3 And head H p4 ：
H P3 ＝C PDW -B PDW Q P (38)
H P4 ＝C MUP +B MUP Q P (39)
Wherein, the section node flow Q at the node V P Comprises the following steps:
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| CN103839190A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-06-04 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Pipe network node flow measuring and dispatching method based on pressure monitoring |
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| CN103455725A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2013-12-18 | 武汉大学 | Non-steady flow simulating method for pipe network system |
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