CN103839190A - Pipe network node flow measuring and dispatching method based on pressure monitoring - Google Patents
Pipe network node flow measuring and dispatching method based on pressure monitoring Download PDFInfo
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- CN103839190A CN103839190A CN201410056986.4A CN201410056986A CN103839190A CN 103839190 A CN103839190 A CN 103839190A CN 201410056986 A CN201410056986 A CN 201410056986A CN 103839190 A CN103839190 A CN 103839190A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
- G01M3/28—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds
- G01M3/2807—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds for pipes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D3/00—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations
- F17D3/18—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for measuring the quantity of conveyed product
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- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
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Abstract
A pipe network node flow measuring and dispatching method based on pressure monitoring comprises the steps that node pressure of a predetermined node in a pipe network is measured actually, and according to the measured node pressure, based on the discrete point spatial interpolation computing method, node water heads of all nodes are worked out; the pipe section flow of a predetermined pipe section is measured actually, coefficients of friction resistance of all flow measuring pipe sections are determined according to the actually measured pipe section flow and the worked-out node water heads, pipelines are grouped through the spatial clustering algorithm according to the coefficients of friction resistance of the pipe sections, and coefficients of friction resistance of all pipe sections are determined; according to the worked-out node water heads, the coefficients of friction resistance of the pipe sections, pipe lengths and pipe diameters, the pipe section flows of all the pipe sections are worked out; according to the material equilibrium principle, the node flows of all the nodes are worked out, and therefore pipe network model updating and checking, pipe network dispatching, leakage quantity analysis, leaking point positioning and other pipeline maintenance and operation management are conducted conveniently. By applying the method, energy consumption and loss due to leakage can be reduced substantially, and the pipeline management level is improved.
Description
Technical field
The pipe network the present invention relates in the liquids and gases supply systems such as water supply system, unwatering system, air supply system, heating system, fuel transfer system, chemical industry calculates, analyzes and scheduling, the especially a kind of metering of pipe network node flow and dispatching method based on pressure monitoring.
Background technology
From the Archimedes of ancient Greek (
b.C. 287-212) fluidstatic Archimedes' principle is proposed since, Lie Aonaduo. reach. fragrant strange (Leonardo da Vinci, 1452-1519) ripples and pipe stream principle are proposed, Evandelista. evangelista torricelli (Evangelista Torricelli, 1608-1647) the torricelli theorem of proposition orifice outflow flow relocity calculation, Isaac. newton (Isaac Newton, 1643-1727) Newtonian fluid theory of mechanics is proposed, Bu Laizi Pascal (Blaise Pascal, 1623-1662) Pascal law about pressure is proposed, Denier. Bernoulli Jacob (Daniel Bernoulli, 1700-1782) Bernoulli equation is proposed, and Si Bahe darcy-Wei (Darcy-Weisbach) formula in modern age, sea once-William (Hazen-Williams) formula, and Hardy. Kroes method (Hardy-cross) error compensation method etc., above-mentioned all technical know-hows and method, all taking discharge as driving, carry out calculating and analyzing based on the waterpower of flow, for the progress and development of science, engineering design and application, and the Operation and management of water supply network is made significant contribution.
But, in actual water supply network Operation and management, it is unpractical measuring all nodes or user water consumption all the time, node flow is can not be getable accurately, calculate and analytical technology taking flow as the waterpower driving, in real world, there is significant limitation, limited the development of water supply network operational management skill.Worldwide, people still adopt artificial experience dispatching method so far, cause huge energy dissipation and water yield leakage.More seriously, people even do not know that water missed somewhere.Therefore, leak detection and spy are leaked, and are the eternal work of water supply network worker and energy-saving and cost-reducing critical path always.International water has been assisted since the water supply network " match campaign (Battle Competitions) " of initiating for 1985, carry out four campaigns such as water supply network (BWN), the perception network of rivers (BWSN), Model Checking (BWCN) and design of pipe networks (BWN-II), attempted to have breakthrough in water supply network field.Although obtained great successes, never break through the traditional thought based on flow rate calculation.
Along with the development of Information technology, especially SCADA system and technology of Internet of things are in water supply network since widespread use, people have passed through intelligent perception technology, the Real-Time Scheduling of water supply network has been done to a large amount of research and application work, but still do not have to break through the computational analysis pattern based on traffic driven, cause SCADA monitoring result can only serve as an observation index of manual dispatching.
Current pipe network system is as liquids and gases pressure suppling systems such as water supply system, unwatering system, air supply system, heating system, fuel transfer system, chemical industry, taking water supply network system as example, calculate and carry out according to following four equations for the pipe network component of dispatching, that is: energy equation, continuity equation, water pump equation and modal equation.The basic data that water supply network hydraulic analysis calculates is node flow, the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance and pump characteristic.The process that hydraulic analysis calculates is, utilize user's moon meter reading data, according to using aqueous mode, conversion is node flow in seconds, even directly supposes node flow and the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance, by pipe network compensating computation, determine node head, and utilize the node head of observed pressure and compensating computation, by adjusting the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance and node flow, carry out the calculating of pipe network hydraulic model and check.Water supply network dispatching method is that the pipe network hydraulic model that utilization is checked, predicts definite node flow by the water yield, or according to yardman's personal experience, carry out pipe network scheduling.In addition, the also pipe network hydraulic model rule of thumb or through checking, carries out water supply network SCADA monitoring point and arranges; Rule of thumb, by listen the physical monitoring means such as leakage or through check pipe network hydraulic model, carry out leakage point determine; According to definite leakage point and measurement leaking hole open area, estimate water supply network water leakage by head; According to pipe network hydraulic model, the node flow of supposing and the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance through checking, set up waterhummer analysis model; According to pipe network hydraulic model, the node flow of supposing and the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance through checking, by the definite standard of design for fire protection specification, carry out the safety analysis of fire-fighting flow; According to artificial experience or pipe network hydraulic model, the node flow of supposing and the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance through checking, operate and carry out water supply network emergency management by valve switch.
Current water supply network hydraulic calculation method is the pipe network adjustment Technique based on node flow, owing to realizing the calculating of node flow by user's the moon meter reading data and water Changing Pattern, there is very large error, cause waterpower result of calculation insincere, limited the application of hydraulic model technology in operational management.Current water supply network hydraulic calculation model is a kind of forward computation model that carrys out computing node head according to node flow, the subject matter of its existence is according to hypothesis or inaccurate node flow and the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance, carries out hydraulic analysis and water pump scheduling by pipe network model.Due to reasons such as the uncertainties of uncertainty, fire-fighting and the accident water of the uncertainty of the uncertainty of node flow and the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance, newly-increased pipeline, valve switch, cause pipe network model can only be used for carrying out the work such as planning and design and engineering design prediction scheme, limit the effect of pipe network model, for pipe network maintenance management causes waste, the increase of booster and the increase of water leakage of energy.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of metering of pipe network node flow and dispatching method based on pressure monitoring, improve the accuracy of pipe network node flow metering, and can be applied to pipe network scheduling and leakage loss control.
The metering of pipe network node flow and a dispatching method based on pressure monitoring, comprise the following steps:
A. survey the node pressure of the destined node in pipe network, according to surveyed node pressure, based on discrete point space interpolation computing method, calculate the node head of the whole nodes in pipe network;
B. survey the pipeline flow of the predetermined pipeline section in pipe network, according to the node head of actual measurement pipeline flow and calculating, determine the coefficient of friction resistance of each flow measurement pipeline section, and according to the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance having calculated, by Spatial Clustering, pipeline is divided into groups, determine the coefficient of friction resistance of the whole pipeline sections in pipe network;
C. according to the node head, the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance and the caliber that calculate, calculate the pipeline flow of all pipeline sections, again according to node continuity equation and substantial equilibrium method, calculate the node flow of all nodes in pipe network, for use in the operational management outside the pipe network model accuracy check of described pipe network or analysis, scheduling or the scheduling of pipe network model modification or described pipe network.
Said method is further comprising the steps of:
D. at least upgrade pipe network model according to node flow, can also upgrade pipe network model according to the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance.
Said method is further comprising the steps of:
E. according to the node head, the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance and the node flow that calculate, the node pressure of actual measurement and pipeline flow, and the requirement of pipe network model accuracy, determine quantity, position and the density of monitoring point.
Said method is further comprising the steps of:
F. according to node head, the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance, node flow and definite monitoring point of calculating, the pipeline flow of node pressure, pipe network quantity delivered and the actual measurement of actual measurement, and the requirement of pipe network model accuracy, carry out the check of pipe network model.
Said method is further comprising the steps of:
G. according to the node head, the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance, node flow that calculate and definite monitoring point and the pipe network model through checking, carry out Hydraulic Analysis of Water Pipe Networks.
Said method is further comprising the steps of:
To requiring the monitoring point increasing to carry out node pressure and pipeline flow monitoring for meeting computational accuracy, re-start step a to c or step a to f.
Described pipe network is water supply and sewerage pipeline, described method also comprises: according to the part in the node head, the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance, node flow that calculate, definite monitoring point, pipe network model renewal or through checking and the node pressure of actual measurement and the pipeline flow of actual measurement and whole parameters, implement one or more in the following task:
Carry out the real-time and/or non real-time water pump scheduling based on combination water pump characteristic curve;
Carry out water factory's water production rate production scheduling;
The valve switch and the pressure that carry out gravity water supply system regulate scheduling;
Carry out the water leakage analysis of pipe network;
Carry out the leakage point location positioning of pipe network;
Carry out transient flow or the waterhummer analysis of pipe network;
Carry out the fire-fighting flow rate calculation analysis of pipe network;
Carry out the emergency processing of pipe network;
Carry out the burst analysis of pipe network;
Carry out operation training and the application of pipe network;
Or, described pipe network is the pipe network of water supply, air feed, heat supply, oil transportation or defeated chemical liquid, described method also comprises: according to part and whole parameter in the node pressure calculating, the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance, node flow, definite monitoring point, pipe network model structure or through checking and the node pressure of actual measurement and the pipeline flow of actual measurement, the operational management outside calculating, analysis, scheduling or the scheduling of the pressure pipe network of enforcement water supply, air feed, heat supply, oil transportation or defeated chemical liquid.
In step a, described discrete point space interpolation computing method are to format and net point scalarization method, digital terrain (DTM) method, digital elevation (DEM) method or hierarchical model (LOD) method by contour tracing method, sealene triangle linear interpolation method, the regional network of the triangulation network or rectangular node.
In step b, described Spatial Clustering is partitioning, stratification, density algorithm, trellis algorithm, model algorithm, K-MEANS algorithm, K-MEDOIDS algorithm, Clara algorithm or Clarans algorithm.
In step c, pipeline flow is according to the head, the coefficient of friction resistance, pipe range and the caliber of each pipeline section of the each node calculating, by pipeline section static state, accurate dynamically, intend dynamically or dynamic head loss calculation method calculates.
Useful technique effect of the present invention:
Be different from current pipe network system analysis and be according to hypothesis or user monthly or node flow and the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance of the metering of checking meter in season determine node head, the present invention is part pipeline flow and the part of nodes pressure based on actual measurement, all node heads and the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance calculated, carry out pipeline flow backwards calculation, again according to substantial equilibrium method, calculate the flow of each node, realize a kind of reverse pipe network node flow metering and scheduling based on pressure monitoring.Existing pipe net modeling and computing method have been broken through in essence of the present invention ground, for pipe network Real time optimal dispatch brings thorough change, can thoroughly solve the blindly problem of scheduling of pipe network, for reducing energy consumption, stablize ductwork pressure, determining leak source and leakage quantity, minimizing pipe burst rate and raise the management level have important realistic meaning and application prospect.For example, the pressure monitoring data based on water supply network, supply water scheduling and management, will improve scheduling precision, also accurately positioning leakage point and water leakage greatly.The present invention is applicable to liquids and gases pressure suppling systems such as various water supply and sewerage pipelines, air supply system, heating system, fuel transfer system, chemical industry and bring corresponding advantage.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 the present invention is based on the pipe network node flow metering of pressure monitoring and the schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of dispatching method;
Fig. 2 is the water supply network head computing method schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the pipe network illustraton of model of an exemplary embodiment;
Fig. 4 a to 4c is the 24hr actual measurement head of example endpoint J-148, J-136, J-55 in example and the comparison of time delay hydraulic simulation calculated water head result and basic data.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are elaborated.Should be emphasized that, following explanation is only exemplary, instead of in order to limit the scope of the invention and to apply.
Consult Fig. 1, in some embodiments, the metering of pipe network node flow and dispatching method based on pressure monitoring, be the pressure Real-time Monitoring Data that utilizes public supply mains, by discrete point space interpolation computing method, solves the head of the each node of water supply network; By the cluster analysis to pipeline section, pipeline section is carried out to Clustering by the identical principle of the coefficient of friction resistance, utilize flow monitoring data, calculate the coefficient of friction resistance of each pipeline section; Utilize the reverse method for solving of the pipeline section loss of flood peak, calculate the flow of each pipeline section; Utilize node continuity equation and substantial equilibrium method, calculate the flow of each node.And can be by actual measurement pipeline flow and node calculated flow rate, carry out the check of pipe network system and calculate.Also can utilize node flow and the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance of calculating, carry out the forward compensating computation of pipe network; Also can utilize pump characteristic and combination technique, carry out the Real-Time Scheduling of water supply network.
" node head " herein, for water supply and sewerage pipeline, refer to the ground elevation of pipe network Nodes and the pressure of water (pressure unit is in " m water column ") sum, for other types of liquid or the pipe network of gas, refer to the ground elevation of pipe network Nodes and the measurement of this point or calculating pressure (pressure unit is in " m material height ") sum.
In some embodiments, the metering of the pipe network node flow based on pressure monitoring comprises the following steps with dispatching method:
node head calculates
According to the monitoring pressure in real time of part of nodes, by discrete point space interpolation computing method, the contour tracing method of the such as triangulation network or rectangular node, sealene triangle linear interpolation method, regional network are formatted and net point scalarization method, digital terrain (DTM) method, digital elevation (DEM) method, hierarchical model (LOD) method etc., calculate the node head of the whole nodes in pipe network.
Due to the dynamic of current in pipe network, the undulatory property of pressure, and the impact etc. of gas content in water, observed pressure data are not constant, but transient fluctuation.Therefore, obtain metastable pressure data most important.In a kind of preferred embodiment, pressure monitoring frequency adopts 5-10 time/min, gets 2-5min and carries out moving average, the data of pressure moving average value mutation are transmitted in real time, and the every 15min packing of normal data transmits.This method is conducive to carry out in time the adjusting of water pump, and can locate fast booster point and water leakage.
The Computing Principle of preferred embodiment is, based on digital terrain model DTM(Digital Terrain Model) Computing Principle, utilize (the x of limited discrete monitoring point, y) coordinate and monitoring head, by TIN TIN(Triangulated Irregular Network) and Lawson method of interpolation, calculate the head of each node.Basic skills is to set up a large triangle or polygon, and comprise all monitoring points.The pipe network node that will calculate, be connected with leg-of-mutton three summits that comprise this node, form three new triangles, then according to Lawson local optimum criterion, new triangle is carried out to local optimum, try to achieve the head of this node.As shown in Figure 2, in figure, J-1 to J-6 is pressure monitoring point to computation process, and H-1 is a node that needs calculated water head in pipe network.(A) represent head computing node in monitoring point polygonal position; (B) monitoring point of connected node is selected in expression; (C) the monitoring point triangle fillet of expression Delete superfluous; (D) represent to form four new triangles.
pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance cluster calculation
By the node head of measured discharge and calculating, carry out the coefficient of friction resistance of each flow measurement pipeline section and determine.According to the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance having calculated, by historical summaries such as tubing, caliber, location, pipe flow speed, lengths of service, by Spatial Clustering, pipeline is divided into groups, thus the coefficient of friction resistance of definite all pipeline sections.
Wherein flow monitoring method can be divided into two kinds, i.e. Real-Time Monitoring and periodic measurement:
1) Real-Time Monitoring: on very important pipeline section, carry out flow Real-Time Monitoring.
2) periodic measurement: regularly representational pipeline section is measured, to obtain real pipe friction factor.Using regularly pipe friction factor being measured as a kind of means of pipe network operation management, be feasible and favourable.
Taking sea once-William's calculation of head losses formula is example, pipe friction factor (sea once-William's formula system
Number C) computing method are:
Therefore, sea once-William's coefficient C is:
In formula, L is the pipe range (m) of two node pipeline sections; D is pipeline section caliber (m); H be each monitoring node measurement head (pressure+ground elevation, unit is m); Q is the measuring flow (m of monitoring pipeline section
3/ s); I and j are node serial number.
node flow calculates
First according to the node head, the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance, pipe range and the caliber that calculate, by pipeline section static state, standard (plan) dynamically and all calculation of head losses formula such as dynamic, carry out the backwards calculation of pipeline flow, then according to water balance method, calculate the flow of each node.
Specifically, obtain according to calculation of head losses formula (1):
According to the continuity equation principle of current, the water yield that flows to node on the occasion of, the flow of the node of wandering about as a refugee is negative value, the flow that calculates all pipeline sections that are connected with node with, can obtain the flow of this node:
In formula, C be sea once-William's coefficient; L is the pipe range (m) of two node pipeline sections; D is pipeline section caliber (m); H is the calculated water head (m) of each node; F is the pipeline flow (m calculating
3/ s); Q is the node flow (m calculating
3/ s); I and j are node serial number; M is the pipeline section number being connected with node i.
position, monitoring point is determined
According to the node head, the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance and the node flow that calculate, and node pressure, each water factory total supply and the pipeline flow of actual measurement, carry out determining of monitoring point quantity, position and density.
Based on node head Computing Principle, pressure monitoring point is arranged according to following several principles, that is:
A. pipe network frontier point: obtain pipe network frontier point, make the polygon of monitoring frontier point formation surround all pipe network nodes that need calculated water head.
B. water source point: the reference mark, water source such as pumping plant exit point, water tower level.These points are source points of pipe network power, usually used as pressure monitoring point.
C. node on main pipe: the important node being connected with main pipe.Propping up pipe pressure is from water source point, gets off by main pipe transmission, and the head of these points is accurate, and the node head of downstream arm calculates will be accurate.Therefore, on main pipe node usually used as pressure monitoring point.
D. the larger point of interpolation calculation head and pipe network static simulation head difference: first, taking conventional tube pessimistic concurrency control as basis, carry out the calculating of steady state flow waterpower, obtain the calculated water head of each node.Recycle above-mentioned pressure monitoring point arrangement principle, carry out the head interpolation calculation based on TIN, obtain the interpolation calculation head of each node.Point more maximum difference, as monitoring point, again carry out interpolation calculation, until the interpolation calculation head of all pipe network nodes and analog computation head difference all meet accuracy requirement.
Flow monitoring point is arranged: in order to calculate node flow and the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance accurately, need to carry out flow monitoring to some pipe networks.The concrete method for arranging of flow monitoring point can be following two kinds:
A. the total flow that passes in and out pipe network is the normative reference of checking pipe network node flow result of calculation correctness, and pipe network total flow is the pipeline flow sum being connected with water source, therefore, all pipeline sections that are directly connected with water tower with water source is carried out to flow monitoring.
B. to by pipeline section clustering algorithm, in each class, select a pipe to monitor.Generally select flow large, and be easy to install the pipeline section of flowmeter.
pipe network model modification
Can, according to node flow and the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance calculated, upgrade pipe network model, carry out waterpower and waterhummer analysis.Specifically, pipe network model modification process can comprise:
A. the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance: it is very slowly that the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance changes, can be monthly, season or year carry out regular renewal.Within this cycle, the coefficient of friction resistance of each calculating storage can be averaged, or only demand the mean value of nearest 3-5 day, mean value, according to pipeline section cluster analysis result, is upgraded the coefficient of friction resistance of every pipeline section in model.
B. node flow upgrades: the new node flow of each all nodes that calculate is stored in destination file, and the node flow of Renewal model database.Taking 24hr as unit, extract respectively 24hr, the 24hr before a week before current time, and the continuous node flow of 24hr the year before, the node flow when 24hr starts separately, as benchmark, is obtained the aqueous mode of using of these three kinds of situations.The mode of selecting or automatically selecting by user, select next 24hr with aqueous mode, according to current node flow and selected with aqueous mode, carry out water pump scheduling and the time delay hydraulic simulation of next 24hr.
pipe network Model Checking
According to the node head, the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance, node flow that calculate, definite monitoring point and observed pressure, each Water Works amount and actual measurement pipeline flow, by hydraulic analysis such as pipe network adjustments, according to the requirement of pipe network model accuracy, carry out the check of pipe network model.Specifically, the check process of pipe network model can comprise:
A. the model upgrading after node flow and the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance, carry out stable state or time delay hydraulic simulation; Again the computing node head of all monitoring points and pipeline flow are compared with node pressure and the pipeline flow of actual measurement, find out the monitoring point that does not meet accuracy requirement.Preferred head precision is 0.3m, and flow accuracy is 1L/s;
B. to not meeting the node of head accuracy requirement, consider to increase monitoring point.
C. to not meeting the pipeline section of flow accuracy requirement, consider the grouping of refinement pipeline section, and increase pipeline flow monitoring point.
Pipe network model based on monitoring point calculation of pressure is not to be subject to scale of model restriction, as long as the node that monitoring point, border polygon can comprise can carry out head calculating.But computing node is many when monitoring point is few, the error of calculation can increase with the increase of node.Preferably, adopt and carry out with the following method the processing of pipe network model,
Excision arm: by model method of cutting out, manifold system is all wiped out; Or
Excision arm community: the community of only having a pipe to supply water is wiped out.
Said method can reach the object that can reduce monitoring point quantity and can improve again computational accuracy.
As shown in Figure 1, in one embodiment, pipe network is measured with dispatching method and can be comprised the following steps for Hydraulic Analysis of Water Pipe Networks and range of application:
According to the topology relationship figure of pipe network, set up pipe network computer model, can comprise the water facilities such as water pump, water tower, head-tank, water factory's clear water reserviors, and the pipe network facilities such as node, pipeline section, hydrant, valve, protecting water hammer.
According to existing pipe-network pressure monitoring system, extract the real-time or non real-time seasonal effect in time series pressure data record of each monitoring point, can pass through the technology such as noise processed, mean value computation, moving average, extract or calculate the pressure data in a certain moment of each monitoring point.
According to existing pipeline flow monitoring system, extract the real-time or non real-time seasonal effect in time series data on flows record of each monitoring point, can pass through the technology such as noise processed, mean value computation, moving average, extract or calculate the data on flows in a certain moment of each monitoring point.
According to the deal with data of pressure monitoring point, can format and the discrete point space interpolation computing technique such as net point scalarization method by discrete point space interpolation back tracking method, sealene triangle linear interpolation method, the regional network of rectangular node, the head that carries out contributing region calculates.
According to the discrete point space interpolation head result of calculation of contributing region, extract the head of all nodes in pipe network.
Also can adopt all other methods of carrying out the calculating of node head according to monitoring point pressure.
According to monitoring flow and the caliber of the calculated water head of each node and monitoring pipeline section, can pass through all calculation of head losses formula such as pipeline section static state, standard (plan) is dynamic and dynamic, carry out the calculating of the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance.
According to pipe network topological structure, according to the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance having calculated, and can be in conjunction with historical summaries such as tubing, caliber, location, pipe flow speed, lengths of service, can pass through the clustering algorithms such as partitioning, stratification, density algorithm, trellis algorithm, model algorithm, K-MEANS, K-MEDOIDS, Clara, Clarans, pipeline section is carried out to the pipeline section cluster based on calculating the coefficient of friction resistance.
According to pipeline section cluster analysis result, determine the coefficient of friction resistance of all pipeline sections.
According to the coefficient of friction resistance of the calculated water head of each node, each pipeline section and caliber, by pipeline section static state, standard (plan) dynamically and all calculation of head losses formula such as dynamic, the flow of the each pipeline section of backwards calculation.
According to current continuity equation, by water balance method, calculate the node flow (aquifer yield) of each node.
Further, can also, according to node flow and the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance calculated, upgrade computing machine hydraulic analysis and the waterhummer analysis model of pipe network, also upgrade pipe network model.
Can also be according to model accuracy requirement, carry out determining of position, real-time pressure monitoring point, quantity and density.
Can also be according to model accuracy requirement, carry out determining of position, temporary pressure monitoring point, quantity and density.
Can also be according to model accuracy requirement, carry out determining of position, real-time pipeline flow monitoring point, quantity and density.
Can also be according to model accuracy requirement, carry out determining of position, interim pipeline flow monitoring point, quantity and density.
Can also be according to the node head, the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance, node flow that calculate, definite monitoring point and observed pressure, each Water Works amount and actual measurement pipeline flow, and the requirement of pipe network model accuracy, carry out the check of pipe network model.
Can also arrange monitoring point for position, the determined monitoring point of preceding step, to requiring the monitoring point increasing to carry out node pressure and pipeline flow monitoring for meeting computational accuracy, and according to increase in real time and temporary pressure and flow monitoring result, then carry out the computing machine hydraulic model structure of pipe network from the beginning shown in Fig. 1.
Can also, according to part and the whole parameter in the node head calculating, the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance, node flow, definite monitoring point, pipe network model that set up or through checking and the node pressure of actual measurement and the pipeline flow of actual measurement, carry out: based on the real-time of combination water pump characteristic curve and non real-time scheduling; Based on water factory's production scheduling of calculating the water yield; The scheduling such as the valve switch of gravity water supply system and pressure adjusting; The analysis of leaking of pipe network; The leakage point location positioning of pipe network; The transient flow of pipe network or waterhummer analysis; The fire-fighting flow rate calculation of pipe network is analyzed; The emergency processing of pipe network; The burst analysis of pipe network; The operation training of pipe network and application.
According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, utilize the discrete points data of SCADA pressure monitoring, by triangulation network interpolation algorithm, calculate the head of each node; By node head and pipeline section physical message, computing node flow; Recycling node flow and head match, and carry out the application such as management and running, loss due to leakage control, DMA of pipe network, thereby make water supply network operational management bring remarkable optimization.
Method of the present invention, be not only applicable to urban water supply and sewerage, region plumbing, indoor water supply and drainage, plant area's plumbing equal pressure water supply and sewerage pipeline system, be also applicable to pressure pipe network calculating, analysis, scheduling, the Operation and management of the liquid such as coal gas, heating power, oil transportation, chemical industry and gas.
example
Pipe network system as shown in Figure 3, is made up of 250 pipeline sections, 166 nodes, a water source, two water pumps and a water tower, and caliber is from DN50 to DN600, pipeline total length 46.23km, water supply scale 10,000 m
3/ day, benchmark output 85.37L/s, urban water supply pattern is divided into I class, II class and III class residential district, government's water supply, business water supply, general industry, chemical engineering industry, military project industry, school and the large class of agricultural water ten.System is carried out to stable state and time delay hydraulic simulation in 24 hours, using the pipeline flow of analog computation result and node head as SCADA monitor signal.The pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance adopts the current coefficient of friction resistance, does not check calculating.
Pipe network is carried out to the node flow Inversion Calculation of following three aspects:
1) the whole nodes of pipe network are carried out to pressure monitoring;
2) carry out pressure monitoring to simplifying the whole nodes of pipe network;
3) the minimum monitoring point of simplification pipe network that meets accuracy requirement is selected.
In Fig. 3, all nodes are full pipe network model, and gray scale point is to simplify for pipe network the arm cutting off, and medium sized point is that the minimum pipe network monitoring point that meets pressure precision requirement is arranged, maximum 3 is the point that carries out 24hr simulation.
SCADA signal format is as shown in table 1.
Table 1SCADA Monitoring Data example (part)
On all nodes of pipe network, carry out pressure monitoring, as table 2 " monitoring head ", on reservoir and water tower connecting pipe, carry out flow monitoring, pipe friction factor adopts pipe network to calculate the coefficient of friction resistance.Utilize Monitoring Data, the head that carries out the each node of pipe network calculates, and result is as table 2 " interpolation calculation head "; Utilize calculated water head, carry out the prediction of node flow, as table 2 " computing node flow "; Utilize computing node flow, carry out the compensating computation of pipe network waterpower, result of calculation is as table 2 " check calculated water head ".For the ease of interpretation of result, then ask interpolation calculation head and the difference of monitoring head, and check calculated water head and the difference of monitoring head.
Table 2 is after all nodes are calculated, and by " check-monitoring head " result that sequence obtains from big to small, can find out, the maximum error of calculation only has 0.01m, and all the other are 0 entirely, and the error of calculation is very little.
The result of calculation of the whole node monitorings of table 2 pipe network
Pipe network is carried out to arm shearing, can simplify like this pipe network, but can not destroy the duty of pipe network, still keeping each node and pipeline flow is real traffic.As shown in Figure 2, gray scale node wherein and pipeline section are the pipe network facilities cutting away to pipe network model after shearing.
After pipe network is simplified, all remaining nodes are carried out to pressure monitoring, then carry out head and the node flow prediction of each node, then carry out pipe network compensating computation by node flow.Result of calculation is as shown in table 3, and as can be seen from the table, the error of calculation is 0 entirely.
Table 3 is simplified the result of calculation of the whole node monitorings of pipe network
In order to reduce the quantity of pressure monitoring point, according to the pressure monitoring point arrangement principle of introducing above, and the accuracy requirement of head error of calculation 0.3m, optimize pipe network monitoring point.As shown in pressure monitoring point after optimization point as medium sized in Fig. 3, the pressure monitoring point after optimization is 97, has reduced 69, accounts for 41%.
Table 4 is after all nodes are calculated, by the result example that " check-monitoring head " sorted and obtained from small to large.Can find out, maximum absolute error is 0.26m, meets the accuracy requirement of 0.3m.
Table 4 node " check-monitoring head " ranking results example
Utilize the definite monitoring point of steady state condition, checking by experiment, is also suitable for the operating mode that other all hydraulics change.Choose in the calculating of stable state waterpower two points (J-148 and J-136) of " check-monitoring head " negative, positive error maximum, and a point (J-55) of pipe network median error maximum, three large scale nodes as shown in Figure 3.Utilize optimum monitoring point Monitoring Data, by system being carried out to 24hr time delay hydraulic simulation, and compare with basic data, comparative result is as shown in Figs. 4a-c, and in figure, solid line is actual measurement 24hr head line, and dotted line is the 24hr head line calculating.
Water leakage and leakage point are determined: utilize the node flow calculating, can carry out determining of water leakage and leakage point position.It is 10m3/hr that precision is leaked in current general spy, and the present embodiment also adopts this precision.Consider the error of calculation (being 1L/s) of calculating 0.001, therefore, the standard that judgement is leaked adopts civil water total amount 150m3/ day.
The computing method of leaking that adopt can be following two kinds:
A. the node flow storage of calculating, once a day all nodes are carried out to 24hr daily water consumption calculation of total in nearest four days, ask three days ago the water consumption difference rate of change on (first the 3rd day) and the same day, if difference rate of change is little, or all nodes have identical rate of change, think and do not leak.If rate of change is greater than 150m3/ day, and the water consumption of the day before yesterday and yesterday increases day by day, considers that this node has newly-increased leaking.
B. ask each node calculating water total amount of every month, and compare with the amount of checking meter in this month.If difference is greater than the 4500m3/ month, consider that this node exists to leak.
Embodiment selects J-136 as leakage point, and water leakage is 10m
3/ hr(2.78L/s), static analog result is as shown in table 5, because the daily water consumption calculating is than normal many 224.81m3/ of water consumption day, and the multiplex water yield is greater than 150m3/ day, there is the possibility of leaking in this node therefore.
Table 5J-136 water leakage calculates
| Nodal scheme | J-136 |
| Model node flow (L/s) | 7.68 |
| Newly-increased water leakage (L/s) | 2.78 |
| Normal water supply computing node flow (L/s) | 7.10 |
| The situation of leaking computing node flow (L/s) | 9.70 |
| Normal water supply calculates daily water consumption (m^3/ day) | 613.44 |
| The situation of leaking is calculated daily water consumption (m^3/ day) | 838.25 |
| Calculate water leakage (m^3/ day) | 224.81 |
| The conclusion of leaking | Leak |
Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation further description made for the present invention, can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the metering of the pipe network node flow based on pressure monitoring and a dispatching method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
A. survey the node pressure of the destined node in pipe network, according to surveyed node pressure, based on discrete point spatial interpolation methods, calculate the node head of the whole nodes in pipe network;
B. survey the pipeline flow of the predetermined pipeline section in pipe network, according to the node head of actual measurement pipeline flow and calculating, determine the coefficient of friction resistance of each flow measurement pipeline section, and according to the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance having calculated, by Spatial Clustering, pipeline is divided into groups, determine the coefficient of friction resistance of the whole pipeline sections in pipe network;
C. according to the node head, the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance, pipe range and the caliber that calculate, calculate the pipeline flow of all pipeline sections, then according to node continuity equation and substantial equilibrium method, calculate the node flow of all nodes in pipe network.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, further comprising the steps of:
D. at least upgrade pipe network model according to node flow, can also upgrade pipe network model according to the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, further comprising the steps of:
E. according to the node head, the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance and the node flow that calculate, the node pressure of actual measurement and pipeline flow, and the requirement of pipe network model accuracy, calculate and interpretation of result by pipe network model, determines quantity, position and the density of monitoring point.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, further comprising the steps of:
F. according to node head, the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance, node flow and definite monitoring point of calculating, the pipeline flow of node pressure, pipe network quantity delivered and the actual measurement of actual measurement, and the requirement of pipe network model accuracy, carry out the check of pipe network model.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, further comprising the steps of:
G. according to the node head, the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance, node flow that calculate and definite monitoring point and the pipe network model through checking, carry out Hydraulic Analysis of Water Pipe Networks.
6. the method as described in claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that, further comprising the steps of:
To requiring the monitoring point increasing to carry out node pressure and pipeline flow monitoring for meeting computational accuracy, re-start step a to c or step a to f.
7. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, described pipe network is water supply and sewerage pipeline, described method also comprises: according to the part in the node head, the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance, node flow that calculate, definite monitoring point, pipe network model renewal or through checking and the node pressure of actual measurement and the pipeline flow of actual measurement and whole parameters, implement one or more in the following task:
Carry out the real-time and/or non real-time water pump scheduling based on combination water pump characteristic curve;
Carry out water factory's water production rate production scheduling;
The valve switch and the pressure that carry out gravity water supply system regulate scheduling;
Carry out the water leakage analysis of pipe network;
Carry out the leakage point location positioning of pipe network;
Carry out transient flow or the waterhummer analysis of pipe network;
Carry out the fire-fighting flow rate calculation analysis of pipe network;
Carry out the emergency processing of pipe network;
Carry out the burst analysis of pipe network;
Carry out operation training and the application of pipe network;
Or, described pipe network is the pipe network of water supply, air feed, heat supply, oil transportation or defeated chemical liquid, described method also comprises: according to part and whole parameter in the node pressure calculating, the pipeline section coefficient of friction resistance, node flow, definite monitoring point, pipe network model structure or through checking and the node pressure of actual measurement and the pipeline flow of actual measurement, the operational management outside calculating, analysis, scheduling or the scheduling of the pressure pipe network of enforcement water supply, air feed, heat supply, oil transportation or defeated chemical liquid.
8. the method as described in claim 1 to 7 any one, it is characterized in that, in step a, described discrete point space interpolation computing method are to format and net point scalarization method, digital terrain (DTM) method, digital elevation (DEM) method or hierarchical model (LOD) method by contour tracing method, sealene triangle linear interpolation method, the regional network of the triangulation network or rectangular node.
9. the method as described in claim 1 to 7 any one, it is characterized in that, in step b, described Spatial Clustering is partitioning, stratification, density algorithm, trellis algorithm, model algorithm, K-MEANS algorithm, K-MEDOIDS algorithm, Clara algorithm or Clarans algorithm.
10. the method as described in claim 1 to 7 any one, it is characterized in that, in step c, pipeline flow is according to the head, the coefficient of friction resistance, pipe range and the caliber of each pipeline section of the each node calculating, by pipeline section static state, accurate dynamically, intend dynamically or dynamic head loss calculation method calculates.
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| PCT/CN2014/074597 WO2015123916A1 (en) | 2014-02-19 | 2014-04-02 | Method for measuring and scheduling node flow of pipe network based on pressure monitoring |
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