CN113343531A - Method for acquiring dynamic energy flow of electricity-gas integrated energy system based on explicit difference - Google Patents
Method for acquiring dynamic energy flow of electricity-gas integrated energy system based on explicit difference Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electricity-gas comprehensive energy system dynamic energy flow obtaining method based on explicit difference, which comprises the steps of firstly obtaining the linear relations between the mass flow and pressure of any node in different areas in a natural gas pipeline difference grid, boundary conditions and initial conditions according to a difference equation of the mass flow and the pressure; constructing a two-port model of mass flow and pressure of any node on the natural gas pipeline differential grid with respect to boundary conditions and initial conditions according to the obtained linear relation; and embedding the two-port model into a dynamic energy flow calculation model of the electric-gas comprehensive energy system to obtain the dynamic energy flow of the electric-gas comprehensive energy system. The method converts the partial differential equation of the natural gas pipeline flow into a time domain linear algebraic model, is convenient to embed a time domain optimization model, can greatly reduce the state variable scale and the model calculation cost compared with the traditional finite difference method, and improves the calculation efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power systems, in particular to a method for acquiring dynamic energy flow of an electricity-gas comprehensive energy system based on explicit difference.
Background
The electricity-gas comprehensive energy system is a novel energy system integrating generation, transmission, distribution and consumption of heterogeneous energy such as electric energy and natural gas, can effectively improve the comprehensive energy efficiency and the wind-light power generation consumption level of a user side terminal, is an important component of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system in China, and is a beneficial way for realizing the carbon peak reaching, carbon neutralization and medium-long term targets in China. The calculation of the electricity-gas coupling energy flow is the basis for realizing the efficient operation of the regional electricity-gas comprehensive energy system, the active power flow distribution rule of the power system can be approximately depicted by a direct current power flow model with low calculation cost and high accuracy, the energy flow distribution rule of the natural gas system is described by a partial differential equation, and the calculation and analysis cost is high.
At present, the existing research adopts an implicit finite difference method to convert a partial differential equation into a linear algebraic equation to realize the high-precision calculation of the electricity-gas energy flow, but because a large amount of auxiliary variables and constraints are introduced at the same time, the calculation cost is higher; meanwhile, a plurality of research works try to construct a natural gas dynamic model with high precision and low complexity in a frequency domain and a complex frequency domain, but an equivalent conversion condition of a time domain-frequency domain/a complex frequency domain needs to be additionally added during calculation of the electric-gas coupling energy flow, so that the scale of the electric-gas coupling energy flow calculation model is increased, and the calculation efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for acquiring dynamic energy flow of an electricity-gas integrated energy system based on explicit difference.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an explicit differential-based method for acquiring dynamic energy flow of an electricity-gas integrated energy system, the method comprising:
and 3, embedding the two-port model into a dynamic energy flow calculation model of the electric-gas comprehensive energy system to obtain the dynamic energy flow of the electric-gas comprehensive energy system.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the partial differential equation of the natural gas pipeline flow is converted into the time domain linear algebraic model by the method, so that the time domain optimization model is conveniently embedded, and compared with the traditional finite difference method, the method can greatly reduce the state variable scale and the model calculation cost and improve the calculation efficiency.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for acquiring a dynamic energy flow of an electricity-gas integrated energy system based on an explicit difference according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a dynamic three-layer explicit differential grid of a natural gas pipeline according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of region division of the differential mesh according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the differential type of the regions 1 and 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the differential form of the regions 3 and 4 according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an exemplary electro-pneumatic energy system topology according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a single pipe according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing a comparison of single pipe results for two processes in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of topology and pipeline parameters of an exemplary natural gas testing system in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a dynamic curve of gas pressures at nodes and mass flows at ends of pipes in a natural gas system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a graph illustrating a comparison of the load of the power system and the output of the generator according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a graph illustrating the comparison of gas pressure and gas turbine consumption for a natural gas system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and as shown in fig. 1, a flow chart of a method for acquiring a dynamic power flow of an electricity-gas integrated energy system based on an explicit difference provided by the embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown, where the method includes:
in this step, first, the second-order hyperbolic partial differential equation of the mass flow is expressed as:
the second order hyperbolic partial differential equation for pressure is expressed as:
wherein M is natural gas mass flow, pi is natural gas pressure, c is gas sound velocity, lambda is friction coefficient, D is pipeline diameter, x is space variable, t is time variable,in order to be the average flow rate,is the sign of the partial derivative;
then, the solution is regionalized into discrete points according to the natural gas pipeline differential grid, as shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram of a dynamic three-layer explicit differential grid of the natural gas pipeline according to an embodiment of the present invention,representing the mass flow M at node (j, k)(x=j,t=k);
Discretizing the differential equation into a differential equation, approximating a second order partial derivative using a second order center difference quotient, expressed as:
wherein tau is a time infinitesimal; h is a spatial infinitesimal; u (x)j,tk) Representing the pressure or mass flow at the point with the space serial number j (j is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to N) and the time serial number k (T is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to T) in the differential grid;
the first order partial derivative of approximate time using the forward difference quotient is expressed as:
substituting equations (3), (4) and (5) into the second-order hyperbolic partial differential equation (1) of the mass flow rate, the algebraic form of the difference with respect to the mass flow rate is obtained as:
reusing spatial direction transformations
Combined vertical type (5) and (6) are obtained
In the formula, K1、K2、K3、K4Is a difference coefficient whose value is:
by giving boundary conditions and initial conditions, solving a differential expression (8) of a second-order hyperbolic partial differential equation about mass flow, and for a section of natural gas pipeline, assuming that the head-end air pressure and the tail-end mass flow are known, the following steps are provided:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,indicating the gas pressure at the inlet (x ═ N) of the duct(x=N,t);Πin(t) is a function of the duct inlet pressure over time;denotes the mass flow M at the outlet of the pipe (x ═ 0)(x=0,t);Mout(t) is the initial value of the mass flow at the outlet of the pipeline;
assuming that the system is in a steady state at the initial moment, the mass flow is satisfied
Considering that the state quantity of equation (8) contains only mass flow, the pressure boundary condition of equation (9) needs to be converted into a mass flow boundary condition, for which the first-order partial derivative of the forward difference quotient approximation space is used:
the united type (1), (5) and (11) equivalently converts the pressure boundary condition (9) into a mass flow boundary condition:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,indicating the gas pressure pi at the node (j, k)(x=j,t=k);
The boundary conditions of the three-layer explicit difference equation for the mass flow are thus obtained, namely equations (9), (12); and initial conditions, i.e. formulae (9), (10);
in a similar way, firstly, according to a second-order hyperbolic partial differential equation (2) of the pressure, a differential algebraic form of the pressure is obtained in a joint type (3), (4) and (5):
secondly, the initial conditions of the formula (13) are the air pressure of each node at the initial time and the air pressure change rate at the initial time;
the joint type (5) and (11) obtain the air pressure of each node at the initial moment as follows:
assuming that the system is in a steady state at the initial time, the air pressure change rate at the initial time is:
finally, considering that the state quantity of equation (13) contains only pressure, it is necessary to convert the mass flow boundary into a pressure boundary, which is satisfied at the pipe outlet according to equation (9):
boundary conditions for three-layer explicit differential equations for pressure are thus obtained, namely equations (9), (16); and the initial conditions, i.e., equations (14), (15).
in this step, firstly, according to the difference in distance between the point to be solved and the boundary point and the initial point on the natural gas pipeline differential grid, the area to be solved is divided into four areas, as shown in fig. 3, which is a schematic diagram of area division of the differential grid according to the embodiment of the present invention, and the respective areas are:
1) region 1(k ═ 1, j < N); 2) region 2(k ═ 1, j ═ N); 3) region 3 (k is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to T, j is more than or equal to 1 and less than N); 4) region 4(2 ≦ k ≦ T, j ═ N);
firstly, a two-port model of mass flow of any node on a natural gas pipeline differential grid with respect to boundary conditions and initial conditions is constructed, specifically:
(1) region 1: when k is 1 and j is less than N, as shown in fig. 4, it is a schematic diagram of a differential form of the regions 1 and 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention, and the differential form of the mass flow rate is as shown in fig. 4(a), specifically:
assuming that the mass flow of each node of the pipeline at the initial moment is equal to the mass flow at the tail end of the pipeline, when k is less than 2,and then, satisfy:
bringing formula (18) into formula (17) yields:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,to representAndthe linear correlation coefficient of (a) has a value of:
(2) region 2: when k is 1 and j is N, the differential form of the mass flow rate is as shown in fig. 4(b), specifically:
in the formula:
when the region 1 and the region 2 are combined into the region a and the equations (19) and (20) are observed, the mass flow satisfies the following conditions when k is 1 and j is 1 ≦ N (i.e., the region 1+ the region 2):
the matrix form of the formula (21) is
In the formula:
(3) region 3: when k is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to T and j is more than or equal to 1 and less than N, as shown in FIG. 5, the difference form of the areas 3 and 4 in the embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown, and the difference form of the mass flow is shown in FIG. 5(a), and satisfies the following conditions:
(4) region 4: when k is 2 ≦ T, and j is N, the differential form of the mass flow is as shown in fig. 5(b), and satisfies:
when the region 3 and the region 4 are merged into the region B, and the formula (23) and the formula (24) are observed, when k is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to T and j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N (namely the region 3+ the region 4), the mass flow satisfies:
so far, a two-port form of mass flow rates of the area A and the area B is obtained, the area A and the area B are combined, and when k is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to T and j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, the mass flow rates satisfy:
in the formula, Aj,BjDifference coefficient matrices, m, of (T × T) respectivelyjThe mass flow for a node with spatial index j is a (T × 1) matrix:
equation (26) is a two-port model of the mass flow of any node on the natural gas pipeline differential grid with respect to the boundary condition and the initial condition;
then, a two-port model of the pressure of any node on the natural gas pipeline differential grid with respect to the boundary condition and the initial condition is constructed, specifically:
(1) region 1: when k is 1 and j < N, the pressure difference satisfies the following conditions:
as can be seen from equation (27) and the air pressure at each node at the initial time of synchronization, when k is 0 and j is equal to or less than 1 and equal to or less than N, the air pressure satisfies:
in the formula
The rate of change of the gas pressure at the initial time and the boundary conditions at the outlet of the pipeline are brought into (27) to obtain:
the formula (29) is arranged as
Wherein:
the matrix form of equation (30) is:
in the formula:
(2) region 2: when k is 1 and j is N, the pressure satisfies:
in the formula:
(3) region 3: when k is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to T and j is more than or equal to 1 and less than N, the pressure satisfies the following conditions:
(4) region 4: when k is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to T, j is equal to N, the pressure satisfies the following conditions:
combining 4 areas, and when k is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to T and j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, the pressure is satisfied as follows:
in the formula, Cj,DjDifference coefficient matrices, n, of (T x T) respectivelyjThe pressure at a node with spatial index j is a (T1) matrix:
thus, a two-port model of the pressure of any node on the natural gas pipeline differential grid with respect to the boundary condition and the initial condition is obtained, namely equation (35).
In the specific implementation, because the state quantities of the head end and the tail end of the natural gas pipeline are only related to the boundary conditions and the initial conditions, the time domain two-port model does not contain state variables of other space micro elements, and compared with a traditional finite difference method, the state variable scale and the model calculation cost are greatly reduced.
In addition, the two-port model of the mass flow and the pressure of any node on the natural gas pipeline differential grid with respect to the boundary condition and the initial condition can be further represented by combining:
when the initial conditions are head end air pressure and tail end mass flow, the head end mass flow and the tail end air pressure of the pipeline meet the following conditions:
thereby obtaining a time domain two-port model (37) of the gas pressure and the mass flow at the head end and the tail end of the natural gas pipeline.
And 3, embedding the two-port model into a dynamic energy flow calculation model of the electric-gas comprehensive energy system to obtain the dynamic energy flow of the electric-gas comprehensive energy system.
In this step, the operation cost of the regional electricity-gas integrated energy system includes the traditional unit power generation cost and the natural gas source gas supply cost, and the objective function of the dynamic energy flow is the minimum operation cost, namely:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,calculating a set of time periods for the powerflow;is a traditional unit set; c. CgcIs the g thcCost coefficient of the conventional unit;is the g thcTraditional unitAt a time period teInternal output force;calculating the number of time segments for the natural gas energy flow;is a medium-pressure air source set; c. CwThe cost coefficient of the w gas source;for the w gas source during the time period tgMass flow rate inside;
for example, as shown in fig. 6, a topological schematic diagram of an electric-gas integrated energy system according to an example of the present invention is composed of a 13-node natural gas system and a 12-node power system, and includes three power generators (one conventional thermal power generating unit and two gas power generating units, which are respectively connected to nodes 8 and 9 of the natural gas system); 10 electrical loads; three conventional gas loads; two gas turbine gas loads.
The energy flow model of the natural gas system satisfies the following constraints:
(1) pipeline air pressure-mass flow constraint:
according to the time domain two-port model of the gas pressure and the mass flow at the head end and the tail end of the natural gas pipeline, the gas pressure and the mass flow at the head end and the tail end of the p-th pipeline meet the following conditions:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,respectively representing mass flow and air pressure matrixes at the head end of the p-th pipeline in all time periods;respectively representing the mass flow and the air pressure matrix of the p-th pipeline tail end in all time periods;
(2) air pressure and mass flow restraint of an air source:
(3) node mass flow balance constraint:
for natural gas node ngAnd the sum of the mass flow of all pipelines connected with the node and the net injection mass flow of the node is zero:
in the formula, ngIs a natural gas node;for accessing natural gas node ngThe gas source set of (2);is the end and natural gas node ngA set of connected pipes;is a head end and natural gas node ngA set of connected pipes; d is an element of Dg(ng) To be located at natural gas node ngA load set of (a);
(4) and (3) node air pressure constraint:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,Π、the lower limit and the upper limit of the natural gas node air pressure are set;
the power flow model of the power system satisfies the following constraints:
because the power network of the regional electricity-gas comprehensive energy system belongs to a power distribution network, the topology of the regional electricity-gas comprehensive energy system is generally radial, and the power Flow of the power system can be approximated by combining a Branch Flow power Flow model and a second-order conical convex relaxation technology;
(1) node active and reactive power balance constraint:
in the formula, neIs a power system node;for node n of the power systemeA collection of legacy units;for node n of the power systemeA set of gas turbine units;for node n of the power systemeA set of electrical loads;for the line head section and the node n of the power systemeA set of connected power lines of (c);for line end and power system node neA set of connected power lines of (c);the active power and the reactive power of the traditional unit are obtained;the active power and the reactive power of the thermal power generating unit are obtained;active and reactive loads for the power system; plt、QltThe active power and the reactive power of the line are obtained; r isl、xlThe resistance and reactance of the circuit are shown; i isltIs the square of the branch current;is the ground conductance of the node;is the square of the node voltage;
(2) the line voltage drop equation and the line current equation of the second-order cone-convex relaxation are as follows:
in the formula, vl-tIs the line end voltage; v. ofl+tIs the line first section voltage;
(3) and (3) generator capacity constraint:
the active power and reactive power upper and lower limits of the generator are constrained as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,for node n of the power systemeA set of generator sets;P、the upper limit and the lower limit of active power of the generator are set;Q、the upper limit and the lower limit of the reactive power of the generator are set;
the constraints after the electrical-to-electrical coupling are:
(1) the active power and gas consumption of gas power generation are restricted:
in the formula, eta is energy conversion efficiency;
(2) the time coupling constraint of the power energy flow calculation variable and the natural gas energy flow calculation variable is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,is an upper rounding function; and N is the ratio of the time resolution of the electric and gas decision variables.
The following describes the advantages of the above dynamic power flow acquisition method with specific examples:
1) the results of the calculations of the Implicit finite Difference Method (IDM) and the Method described in this example (Explicit Difference model, Explicit Difference Method, EDM) were compared for a single natural gas pipeline. Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a single pipeline according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, where the length of the natural gas pipeline is 7783 m, the diameter of the pipeline is 0.5 m, the head-end pressure is maintained at a constant pressure of 0.4MPa, and the end load is changed at intervals of 150 seconds. The length of the defined temporal and spatial bins is 0.5 seconds and 181 meters, respectively.
As shown in fig. 8, which is a comparison diagram of results of a single pipeline in two methods according to the embodiment of the present invention, when the mass flow at the outlet of the pipeline has a step change, the mass flow at the inlet obtained by the two calculation methods does not change immediately, and the change has an obvious "time lag" phenomenon. In the aspect of calculation time, a computer configured as an Intel i 5-84002.8 GHz, 16GB memory is used, the calculation time of the implicit differential model is 27.36 seconds, while the calculation time of the time domain two-port model proposed herein is 1.07 seconds, and the speed is increased by more than 25 times, which embodies the advantage of the method in the aspect of calculation efficiency.
2) The validity of the natural gas pipeline time domain two-port model constructed in the text is verified by adopting a 4-node natural gas system example, and meanwhile, the calculation time is consumed by comparing with an implicit differential model, as shown in fig. 9, a schematic diagram of the topology and pipeline parameters of the natural gas testing system of the example is shown, wherein a node 1 is a gas source (GW1), the gas pressure is constant at 0.4MPa, and nodes 3 and 4 are gas loads (GL1 and GL 2).
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram showing dynamic curves of pressure at each node and mass flow at the head and tail ends of each pipeline in the natural gas system according to the example of the present invention, where the boundary conditions are Π 1, Md1, and Md2, which respectively represent pressure at node 1, load Md1, and Md2 in the natural gas system. II 2-EDM, II 3-EDM and II 4-EDM respectively represent the air pressure of the nodes 2, 3 and 4 calculated according to the EDM; min1-EDM, Min2-EDM, Min3-EDM represent the mass flow into pipes 1#, 2#, 3# calculated according to EDM, respectively. By taking IDM as comparison, the maximum deviation of the node air pressure and the pipeline mass flow obtained by EDM solution with the same differential precision is 0.29 percent and 0.47 percent respectively. It should be noted that the two calculation results are not identical because the difference formats used by the two methods are different, and in order to eliminate the influence of the boundary condition values on the calculation speed, several groups of loads are randomly generated, and the two methods are respectively used for calculating the natural gas system load flow, and the lengths of the limited time and space elements are 1 second and 362 meters respectively. The average time consumption of the method is 4.21 seconds, and the average time consumption of the implicit differential model is 131.38 seconds, which represents the great advantage of the technology in the aspect of solving efficiency.
3) Dynamic energy flow calculation example for regional electricity-gas comprehensive energy system
The topology of the regional electricity-gas comprehensive energy system is shown in fig. 6, and the regional electricity-gas comprehensive energy system is composed of a 13-node natural gas system and a 12-node electric power system and comprises three generators; a traditional thermal power generating unit. The two gas turbine units are respectively connected with natural gas system nodes 8 and 9; a gas well; the system comprises ten electric loads; three conventional gas loads; two gas turbine gas loads. The time interval length of the power system model is selected to be 15 minutes, energy flow calculation results of the regional electricity-gas comprehensive energy system within 6 hours are considered, the time interval and the space interval are 24 time intervals, the length of a limited time infinitesimal and the length of a limited space infinitesimal in the natural gas system model are respectively 9 seconds and 3303 meters, 40000 variables are obtained, 56450 constraint conditions are obtained, and the model solving time is 8.66 seconds.
Fig. 11 is a graph showing the comparison between the load of the power system and the output of the generator according to the example of the present invention, fig. 12 is a graph showing the comparison between the gas pressure of the natural gas system and the gas consumption of the gas turbine according to the example of the present invention, and fig. 11 and 12 show that: the method provided by the embodiment of the invention can rapidly depict the dynamic energy flow of the electricity-gas integrated energy system, and the dynamic model can reflect the dynamic process of the air pressure in the natural gas system and can better reflect the real condition of the operation of the combined system.
It is noted that those skilled in the art will recognize that embodiments of the present invention are not described in detail herein.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. An explicit differential-based method for acquiring dynamic power flow of an electric-gas integrated energy system, the method comprising:
step 1, obtaining linear relations between mass flow and pressure of any node in different areas in a natural gas pipeline differential grid, boundary conditions and initial conditions according to a differential equation of the mass flow and the pressure;
step 2, constructing a two-port model of mass flow and pressure of any node on the natural gas pipeline differential grid with respect to boundary conditions and initial conditions according to the linear relation obtained in the step 1;
and 3, embedding the two-port model into a dynamic energy flow calculation model of the electric-gas comprehensive energy system to obtain the dynamic energy flow of the electric-gas comprehensive energy system.
2. The method for acquiring the dynamic power flow of the electricity-gas integrated energy system based on the explicit difference as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process of the step 1 is specifically as follows:
first, the second-order hyperbolic partial differential equation of mass flow is expressed as:
the second order hyperbolic partial differential equation for pressure is expressed as:
wherein M is natural gas mass flow, pi is natural gas pressure, c is gas sound velocity, lambda is friction coefficient, D is pipeline diameter, x is space variable, t is time variable,in order to be the average flow rate,is the sign of the partial derivative;
and then regionalizing the solution into discrete points according to the natural gas pipeline differential grid, wherein:representing the mass flow M at node (j, k)(x=j,t=k);
Discretizing the differential equation into a differential equation, approximating a second order partial derivative using a second order center difference quotient, expressed as:
wherein tau is a time infinitesimal; h is a spatial infinitesimal; u (x)j,tk) Representing the pressure or mass flow at the point with the space serial number j (j is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to N) and the time serial number k (T is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to T) in the differential grid;
the first order partial derivative of approximate time using the forward difference quotient is expressed as:
substituting equations (3), (4) and (5) into the second-order hyperbolic partial differential equation (1) of the mass flow rate, the algebraic form of the difference with respect to the mass flow rate is obtained as:
reusing spatial direction transformations
Combined vertical type (5) and (6) are obtained
In the formula, K1、K2、K3、K4Is a difference coefficient whose value is:
by giving boundary conditions and initial conditions, solving a differential expression (8) of a second-order hyperbolic partial differential equation about mass flow, and for a section of natural gas pipeline, assuming that the head-end air pressure and the tail-end mass flow are known, the following steps are provided:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,indicating the gas pressure at the inlet (x ═ N) of the duct(x=N,t);Πin(t) is a function of the duct inlet pressure over time;denotes the mass flow M at the outlet of the pipe (x ═ 0)(x=0,t);Mout(t) is the initial value of the mass flow at the outlet of the pipeline;
assuming that the system is in a steady state at the initial moment, the mass flow is satisfied
Considering that the state quantity of equation (8) contains only mass flow, the pressure boundary condition of equation (9) needs to be converted into a mass flow boundary condition, for which the first-order partial derivative of the forward difference quotient approximation space is used:
the united type (1), (5) and (11) equivalently converts the pressure boundary condition (9) into a mass flow boundary condition:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,indicating the gas pressure pi at the node (j, k)(x=j,t=k);
The boundary conditions of the three-layer explicit difference equation for the mass flow are thus obtained, namely equations (9), (12); and initial conditions, i.e. formulae (9), (10);
in a similar way, firstly, according to a second-order hyperbolic partial differential equation (2) of the pressure, a differential algebraic form of the pressure is obtained in a joint type (3), (4) and (5):
secondly, the initial conditions of the formula (13) are the air pressure of each node at the initial time and the air pressure change rate at the initial time;
the joint type (5) and (11) obtain the air pressure of each node at the initial moment as follows:
assuming that the system is in a steady state at the initial time, the air pressure change rate at the initial time is:
finally, considering that the state quantity of equation (13) contains only pressure, it is necessary to convert the mass flow boundary into a pressure boundary, which is satisfied at the pipe outlet according to equation (9):
boundary conditions for three-layer explicit differential equations for pressure are thus obtained, namely equations (9), (16); and the initial conditions, i.e., equations (14), (15).
3. The method for acquiring the dynamic power flow of the electricity-gas integrated energy system based on the explicit difference as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 2, the region to be solved is divided into four regions according to the difference between the point to be solved and the boundary point and the initial point on the natural gas pipeline differential grid, and the four regions are respectively:
1) region 1(k ═ 1, j < N); 2) region 2(k ═ 1, j ═ N); 3) region 3 (k is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to T, j is more than or equal to 1 and less than N); 4) region 4(2 ≦ k ≦ T, j ═ N);
firstly, a two-port model of mass flow of any node on a natural gas pipeline differential grid with respect to boundary conditions and initial conditions is constructed, specifically:
(1) region 1: when k is 1 and j is less than N, the difference form of the mass flow is as follows:
assuming that the mass flow of each node of the pipeline at the initial moment is equal to the mass flow at the tail end of the pipeline, whenAnd then, satisfy:
bringing formula (18) into formula (17) yields:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,to representAnd the linear correlation coefficient of (a) has a value of:
(2) region 2: when k is 1 and j is N, the difference form of the mass flow is specifically:
in the formula:
when the region 1 and the region 2 are combined into the region a and the equations (19) and (20) are observed, when k is 1 and j is not less than 1 and not more than N, that is, the region 1+ the region 2, the mass flow satisfies:
the matrix form of the formula (21) is
In the formula:
(3) region 3: when k is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to T and j is more than or equal to 1 and less than N, the difference form of the mass flow satisfies the following conditions:
(4) region 4: when k is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to T, j is equal to N, the difference form of the mass flow satisfies:
combining the area 3 and the area 4 into an area B, and observing the formula (23) and the formula (24), when k is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to T and j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, namely the area 3+ the area 4, the mass flow satisfies:
so far, a two-port form of mass flow rates of the area A and the area B is obtained, the area A and the area B are combined, and when k is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to T and j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, the mass flow rates satisfy:
in the formula, Aj,BjDifference coefficient matrices, m, of (T × T) respectivelyjThe mass flow for a node with spatial index j is a (T × 1) matrix:
equation (26) is a two-port model of the mass flow of any node on the natural gas pipeline differential grid with respect to the boundary condition and the initial condition;
then, a two-port model of the pressure of any node on the natural gas pipeline differential grid with respect to the boundary condition and the initial condition is constructed, specifically:
(1) region 1: when k is 1 and j < N, the pressure difference satisfies the following conditions:
as can be seen from equation (27) and the air pressure at each node at the initial time of synchronization, when k is 0 and j is equal to or less than 1 and equal to or less than N, the air pressure satisfies:
in the formula
The rate of change of the gas pressure at the initial time and the boundary conditions at the outlet of the pipeline are brought into (27) to obtain:
the formula (29) is arranged as
Wherein:
the matrix form of equation (30) is:
in the formula:
(2) region 2: when k is 1 and j is N, the pressure satisfies:
in the formula:
(3) region 3: when k is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to T and j is more than or equal to 1 and less than N, the pressure satisfies the following conditions:
(4) region 4: when k is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to T, j is equal to N, the pressure satisfies the following conditions:
combining 4 areas, and when k is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to T and j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, the pressure is satisfied as follows:
in the formula, Cj,DjDifference coefficient matrices, n, of (T x T) respectivelyjThe pressure at a node with spatial index j is a (T1) matrix:
thus, a two-port model of the pressure of any node on the natural gas pipeline differential grid with respect to the boundary condition and the initial condition is obtained, namely equation (35).
4. The method for acquiring dynamic power flow of an electric-gas integrated energy system based on explicit difference as claimed in claim 3, wherein in step 2, the two-port model of mass flow and pressure of any node on the natural gas pipeline difference grid with respect to boundary condition and initial condition is further represented by:
when the initial conditions are head end air pressure and tail end mass flow, the head end mass flow and the tail end air pressure of the pipeline meet the following conditions:
thereby obtaining a time domain two-port model (37) of the gas pressure and the mass flow at the head end and the tail end of the natural gas pipeline.
5. The method for acquiring the dynamic energy flow of the electric-gas integrated energy system based on the explicit difference as claimed in claim 4, wherein in step 3, the operation cost of the regional electric-gas integrated energy system includes the conventional unit power generation cost and the natural gas source gas supply cost, and the objective function of the dynamic energy flow is to minimize the operation cost, that is:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,calculating a set of time periods for the powerflow;is a traditional unit set; c. CgcIs the g thcCost coefficient of the conventional unit;is the g thcThe conventional unit is in time period teInternal output force;calculating the number of time segments for the natural gas energy flow;is a medium-pressure air source set; c. CwThe cost coefficient of the w gas source;for the w gas source during the time period tgMass flow rate inside;
the energy flow model of the natural gas system satisfies the following constraints:
(1) pipeline air pressure-mass flow constraint:
according to the time domain two-port model of the gas pressure and the mass flow at the head end and the tail end of the natural gas pipeline, the gas pressure and the mass flow at the head end and the tail end of the p-th pipeline meet the following conditions:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,respectively representing mass flow and air pressure matrixes at the head end of the p-th pipeline in all time periods;respectively representing the mass flow and the air pressure matrix of the p-th pipeline tail end in all time periods;
(2) air pressure and mass flow restraint of an air source:
(3) node mass flow balance constraint:
for natural gas node ngAnd the sum of the mass flow of all pipelines connected with the node and the net injection mass flow of the node is zero:
in the formula, ngIs a natural gas node;for accessing natural gas node ngThe gas source set of (2);is the end and natural gas node ngA set of connected pipes;is a head end and natural gas node ngAre connected with each otherA set of pipes of (a); d is an element of Dg(ng) To be located at natural gas node ngA load set of (a);
(4) and (3) node air pressure constraint:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,Π、the lower limit and the upper limit of the natural gas node air pressure are set;
the power flow model of the power system satisfies the following constraints:
(1) node active and reactive power balance constraint:
in the formula, neIs a power system node;for node n of the power systemeA collection of legacy units;for node n of the power systemeA set of gas turbine units;for node n of the power systemeA set of electrical loads;as a lineFirst section and electric power system node neA set of connected power lines of (c);for line end and power system node neA set of connected power lines of (c);the active power and the reactive power of the traditional unit are obtained;the active power and the reactive power of the thermal power generating unit are obtained;active and reactive loads for the power system; plt、QltThe active power and the reactive power of the line are obtained; r isl、xlThe resistance and reactance of the circuit are shown; i isltIs the square of the branch current;is the ground conductance of the node;is the square of the node voltage;
(2) the line voltage drop equation and the line current equation of the second-order cone-convex relaxation are as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,is the line end voltage;is the line first section voltage;
(3) and (3) generator capacity constraint:
the active power and reactive power upper and lower limits of the generator are constrained as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,for node n of the power systemeA set of generator sets;the upper limit and the lower limit of active power of the generator are set;the upper limit and the lower limit of the reactive power of the generator are set;
the constraints after the electrical-to-electrical coupling are:
(1) the active power and gas consumption of gas power generation are restricted:
in the formula, eta is energy conversion efficiency;
(2) the time coupling constraint of the power energy flow calculation variable and the natural gas energy flow calculation variable is as follows:
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