CN111693132B - Bridge health monitoring system based on vibration sensor - Google Patents
Bridge health monitoring system based on vibration sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN111693132B CN111693132B CN202010581617.2A CN202010581617A CN111693132B CN 111693132 B CN111693132 B CN 111693132B CN 202010581617 A CN202010581617 A CN 202010581617A CN 111693132 B CN111693132 B CN 111693132B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
Abstract
The invention discloses a bridge health monitoring system based on a vibration sensor, which comprises a laser source, a coupler connected with the laser source, an optical fiber vibration sensor and a demodulator connected with the coupler, and an upper computer connected with the demodulator, wherein the laser source is used for emitting light, the emitted light enters the optical fiber vibration sensor through the coupler so that the optical fiber vibration sensor returns a spectrum signal, the spectrum signal enters the demodulator through the coupler, the demodulator demodulates vibration information of a bridge according to the received spectrum signal and transmits the vibration information to the upper computer, the optical fiber vibration sensor is arranged on the bottom surface of a main beam of the bridge, and the optical fiber vibration sensor comprises: a sensor body; a housing; at least one adjustment assembly; and a support plate. The invention has the advantages of improving the installation stability of the vibration sensor on the bridge with the inclination angle and solving the problem of inaccurate measurement caused by the angle problem of the main beam of the bridge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bridge health monitoring. More particularly, the present invention relates to a bridge health monitoring system based on vibration sensors.
Background
As a component of a traffic system, bridges play an important role in the development and evolution of human civilization, with the development of modern science and technology and the continuous increase of transportation requirements, large-span bridges (arch bridges, cable-stayed bridges, suspension bridges and the like) appear more and more in the visual field of people, and during the use process of the bridges, due to the influences of environments, vehicles, wind, earthquakes and the like, the bridges are damaged and deteriorated to different degrees when the design years are not reached. The bridge health monitoring aims to monitor and evaluate the structural condition of the bridge, and particularly can be used for monitoring the vibration condition of the bridge in real time to send out an early warning signal when the operation condition of the bridge is abnormal in environments such as special climate, traffic and the like, so as to provide basis and guidance for maintenance, repair and management decisions of the bridge.
At present, there are electrodynamic type sensor, piezoelectric type vibration sensor, optical fiber sensor, etc. in being applied to bridge vibration detection sensor, wherein, because optical fiber sensor has advantages such as small, the quality is light, the precision is high, the response is fast, the dynamic range is wide, the response is fast, have extensive application in many fields, application number 201910938781.1, it installs optical fiber vibration sensor in the girder bottom of vibrating bridge to disclose in the name of optical fiber vibration sensor and the long span bridge vibration detection method, effectively measure the vibration of bridge vertical, horizontal two directions, but it does not relate to how the installation can effectively reduce the inaccurate problem of measurement that leads to because bridge girder self angle problem.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages described later.
The invention also aims to provide a bridge health monitoring system based on the vibration sensor, which improves the installation stability of the vibration sensor on a bridge with an inclination angle and solves the problem of inaccurate measurement caused by the angle problem of a main beam of the bridge.
To achieve these objects and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the invention, there is provided a bridge health monitoring system based on a vibration sensor, including a laser source, a coupler connected to the laser source, a fiber vibration sensor and a demodulator connected to the coupler, and an upper computer connected to the demodulator, wherein the laser source is configured to emit light, the emitted light enters the fiber vibration sensor through the coupler, so that the fiber vibration sensor returns a spectrum signal, the spectrum signal enters the demodulator through the coupler, the demodulator demodulates vibration information of a bridge according to the received spectrum signal and transmits the information to the upper computer, the fiber vibration sensor is mounted on a bottom surface of a main bridge of the bridge, and the fiber vibration sensor includes:
the sensor body is used for measuring the spectrum signals of the bridge at the corresponding mounting points along the vertical and horizontal directions relative to vibration;
the sensor comprises a shell, a sensor body and a sensor body, wherein the shell is cuboid, a partition plate is fixedly arranged in the shell and is parallel to one side wall of the shell so as to divide the shell into an adjusting cavity and a mounting cavity for mounting the sensor body, and the vertical direction monitored by the sensor body is parallel to the depth direction of the shell;
at least one adjusting component, each adjusting component comprises a disc cam rotatably arranged in the adjusting cavity through a cam shaft, the disc cam comprises a base circle part with an arc angle of 180 degrees, a diameter changing part with an arc angle of 180 degrees and a radial profile size increasing along a direction far away from the circle center, one end of the cam shaft penetrates through the adjusting cavity and is positioned outside the shell, a penetrating end of the cam shaft is fixedly connected with a blocking piece, a U-shaped handle and a threaded connecting bolt in sequence along a direction far away from the shell, one side of the blocking piece close to the shell rotates relative to the side wall of the shell, the U-shaped handle and the penetrating end are coaxially arranged to enable an opening end of the U-shaped handle to form two holding parts, each holding part comprises a pair of clamping jaws which are oppositely arranged, and one side of the disc cam, facing the U-shaped handle, is sunken to form two fixing grooves matched with the holding parts, an arc-shaped groove with a central angle of 90 degrees is arranged on one side, opposite to the U-shaped handle, of the shell in a matched mode with each holding part, an arc-shaped strip is fixedly arranged in each arc-shaped groove along the radian direction of the arc-shaped groove, the transverse section of each arc-shaped strip is oval, the long axis of each oval is parallel to the depth direction of the arc-shaped groove, the distance between a pair of clamping jaws of each holding part is equal to the diameter of the short axis of the transverse section of each arc-shaped strip, and when the opening of the U-shaped handle faces outwards and the bolt is screwed down to enable the U-shaped handle to be abutted to the blocking piece, the U-shaped handle is rotated to drive the disc-shaped cam to rotate; when the opening of the U-shaped handle faces inwards and the bolt is screwed down, the holding part is assembled with the fixing groove and clamps the arc-shaped strip;
the bottom surface of the supporting plate is hinged with one side, far away from the partition plate, of the top end of the shell, wherein the periphery of each disc-shaped cam is connected with a universal ball in a sliding mode within the adjusting path range of the disc-shaped cam, the top end of the universal ball is hinged with a sliding block, and the sliding block is located below the bottom surface of the supporting plate and is connected with the bottom surface of the supporting plate in a sliding mode so that the angle of the supporting plate can be adjusted synchronously when the disc-shaped cams are rotated.
Preferably, the transverse direction includes one or both of a direction along the width of the bridge and a direction along the longitudinal direction of the bridge.
Preferably, the at least one adjustment assembly is a pair, and the pair of adjustment assemblies are symmetrically arranged.
Preferably, the rigid coupling T shaped plate in the installation cavity, diaphragm perpendicular to in the T shaped plate the baffle, with will the installation cavity is for being arranged in the T shaped plate the diaphragm keep away from the vertical chamber of riser one side, be arranged in the T shaped plate horizontal X axle chamber and the horizontal Y axle chamber of riser both sides, vertical chamber, horizontal X axle chamber, horizontal Y axle intracavity set up sensing assembly respectively, and every sensing assembly includes:
the transverse section of the fixed shaft is in an elliptical shape, and the long axis direction of the ellipse is parallel to the vibration direction to be monitored; the vertical cavity inner fixing shaft is perpendicular to the partition plate, and the transverse X-axis cavity and the transverse Y-axis cavity inner fixing shaft are arranged along the depth direction of the shell;
the monitoring optical fiber comprises an incident optical fiber led in from the vertical cavity, optical fiber rings which are arranged in the vertical cavity, the transverse X-axis cavity and the transverse Y-axis cavity in a corresponding and fixed mode in sequence, and an emergent optical fiber led out from the transverse Y-axis cavity, wherein the optical fiber rings comprise 5 wound progressive elliptical rings;
3 guide plates, wherein the 3 guide plates are fixedly arranged between the periphery of the fixed shaft and the side wall of the corresponding cavity in a T shape, through holes for the optical fiber ring to pass through are formed in the 3 guide plates in a penetrating manner, and the short shafts of one pair of guide plates and the corresponding fixed shaft are coplanar;
the pressing plate is positioned on the outer side of the corresponding optical fiber ring and forms a cross shape with the 3 guide plates, the pressing plate is elastically arranged in the corresponding cavity in a sliding mode along the direction of a vibration path, and when external vibration is not sensed, the pressing plate is positioned to be 1-2mm away from the optical fiber ring;
and the sensing assemblies arranged in the vertical cavity, the transverse X-axis cavity and the transverse Y-axis cavity are connected in series.
Preferably, the aperture of the through holes on the pair of guide plates coplanar with the short axis of the corresponding fixed shaft is 5-8 times of the diameter of the optical fiber ring;
the aperture of the through hole on the rest guide plate is slightly larger than the diameter of the optical fiber ring.
Preferably, each sensing assembly further comprises: and the base is matched with the rest guide plate and arranged in the corresponding cavity.
Preferably, a fixing strip is fixedly connected to one side of the pressing plate close to the corresponding optical fiber ring, a through hole for the corresponding optical fiber ring to pass through is fixed on the fixing strip, and the aperture of the through hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the optical fiber.
Preferably, each sensing assembly further comprises: the reinforcing parts in the transverse X-axis cavity and the transverse Y-axis cavity comprise rails arranged along the monitoring direction, first springs fixedly arranged at one ends of the rails far away from the corresponding optical fiber rings and first mass blocks fixedly arranged at free ends of the first springs, and when external vibration is not sensed, the first mass blocks are not in contact with the corresponding pressing plates;
the reinforcing piece in the vertical cavity comprises a second spring which is hung right above the corresponding pressure plate and a second mass block which is arranged at the free end of the second spring, and when external vibration is not sensed, the second mass block is not in contact with the corresponding pressure plate.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
firstly, the supporting plate is fixed relative to the shell after the inclination angle of the supporting plate relative to the top surface of the shell is regulated and controlled, then the shell is fixed to the corresponding mounting point through the supporting plate, so that the stability of the installation of the shell is determined, and then the sensor body is determined to be capable of being used for measuring the spectrum signals of the bridge at the corresponding mounting point along the vertical direction and the transverse direction relative to the vibration.
The second, through the clamp plate slip perception vibration and then transmit to corresponding optic fibre ring, through optic fibre ring increase sensitivity, simultaneously, the setting of slide can subduct the vibration residual force of vibration back spring, further improves monitoring sensitivity.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bridge health monitoring system based on a vibration sensor according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber vibration sensor according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a dispensing assembly according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an adjusting assembly according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a sensor body according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is an enlarged structural view of a portion a of fig. 4 according to the present invention.
The reference numerals are specifically: a housing 1; a separator 10; an adjustment chamber 11; a mounting cavity 12; a vertical cavity 13; a transverse X-axis cavity 14; a transverse Y-axis cavity 15; a support plate 16; a disc cam 2; a base circle portion 20; a diameter-variable portion 21; a fixing groove 22; a universal ball 23; a slider 24; a camshaft 3; a stopper 30; a bolt 31; a U-shaped handle 4; a grip portion 40; the clamping jaws 41; an arc-shaped slot 5; an arc-shaped strip 50; a T-shaped plate 6; a transverse plate 60; a vertical plate 61; a fixed shaft 7; an incident optical fiber 70; a fiber loop 71; an exit optical fiber 72; a guide plate 73; a through-hole 74; a platen 75; a fixing strip 76; a base 77; a rail 8; a first spring 80; a first mass 81; a second spring 9; a second mass 90.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides a bridge health monitoring system based on a vibration sensor, including a laser source, a coupler connected to the laser source, an optical fiber vibration sensor and a demodulator connected to the coupler, and an upper computer connected to the demodulator, wherein the laser source is configured to emit light, the emitted light enters the optical fiber vibration sensor through the coupler, so that the optical fiber vibration sensor returns a spectrum signal, the spectrum signal enters the demodulator through the coupler, the demodulator demodulates vibration information of a bridge according to the received spectrum signal and transmits the information to the upper computer, the optical fiber vibration sensor is installed on a bottom surface of a main beam of the bridge, and the optical fiber vibration sensor includes:
the sensor body is used for measuring the spectrum signals of the bridge at the corresponding mounting points along the vertical and horizontal directions relative to vibration;
the sensor comprises a shell 1, a baffle plate 10 is fixedly arranged in the shell 1 in parallel to one side wall of the shell 1 so as to divide the shell 1 into an adjusting cavity 11 (the top end of the adjusting cavity 11 is arranged in an open mode) and a mounting cavity 12 (the top end of the mounting cavity 12 is sealed) for mounting a sensor body, wherein the vertical direction monitored by the sensor body is parallel to the depth direction of the shell 1;
at least one adjusting assembly, each adjusting assembly comprises a disc cam 2 rotatably arranged in the adjusting cavity 11 through a cam shaft 3, the disc cam 2 comprises a base circle part 20 with an arc angle of 180 degrees, a variable diameter part 21 with an arc angle of 180 degrees and a radial profile size increasing along a direction far away from a circle center (the circle center of the base circle part 20 is the circle center of the disc cam 2), one end of the cam shaft 3 penetrates through the adjusting cavity 11 and is positioned outside the shell 1, a penetrating end of the cam shaft 3 is sequentially fixedly connected with a blocking piece 30, a U-shaped handle 4 connected in a sliding and detachable mode and a threaded connecting bolt 31 along a direction far away from the shell 1, one side, close to the shell 1, of the blocking piece 30 rotates relative to the side wall of the shell 1, the U-shaped handle 4 and the penetrating end are coaxially arranged so that two holding parts 40 are formed at an opening end of the U-shaped handle 4, each holding part 40 comprises a pair of clamping jaws 41 which are oppositely arranged (the holding parts 40 form a U-shaped clamp by themselves), the disc cam 2 is recessed towards one side of the U-shaped handle 4 and is provided with two fixing grooves 22 matched with the holding parts 40 (the projections of the two holding parts 40 on the disc cam 2 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the two fixing grooves 22), an arc-shaped groove 5 with a central angle of 90 degrees is arranged on one side of the shell 1 opposite to the U-shaped handle 4 and matched with each holding part 40, an arc-shaped strip 50 is fixedly arranged in each arc-shaped groove 5 along the radian direction of the arc-shaped groove, the transverse section of each arc-shaped strip 50 is oval, and the major axis of the ellipse is parallel to the depth direction of the arc-shaped groove 5, the distance between the pair of clamping jaws 41 of each holding part 40 is equal to the minor axis diameter of the transverse section (ellipse) of the arc-shaped strip 50, when the opening of the U-shaped handle 4 faces outwards and the bolt 31 is tightened to enable the U-shaped handle 4 to be abutted against the baffle 30, rotating the U-shaped handle 4 to drive the disc cam 2 to rotate; when the opening of the U-shaped handle 4 faces inward and the bolt 31 is tightened, the holding portion 40 is fitted with the fixing groove 22 and clamps the arc-shaped bar 50;
a supporting plate 16, the bottom surface of which is hinged with the side of the top end of the shell 1 far away from the clapboard 10 (the side of the installation cavity 12), wherein, the disc cam 2 has a certain thickness, the peripheral side surface of the disc cam 2 is abutted against the bottom surface of the supporting plate 16, the periphery of each disc cam 2 is connected with a universal ball 23 in a sliding way in the adjusting path range (when the angle adjustment of 0-90 degrees is satisfied, the part of the disc cam 2 which is contacted with the supporting plate 16 and moves relatively, namely the part of the variable diameter part 21 which is positioned between the two ends of the long axis and the short axis thereof), the end surface of the periphery of each disc cam 2 in the adjusting path range is preferably set to be an arc surface to facilitate the moving and the adjustment, the top end of the universal ball 23 is hinged with a slide block 24, and the slide block 24 is positioned below the bottom surface of the support plate 16 and is in sliding connection with the bottom surface of the support plate 16 so as to synchronously adjust the angle of the support plate 16 when the disc cam 2 is rotated. In the above technical solution, the optical fiber vibration sensors are plural, and are arranged on the bottom surface of the main beam of the bridge according to the actual situation, the sensor body senses the vibration signal based on gravity, wherein the vertical direction is the vertical direction, and the horizontal direction is the horizontal direction, the base circle portion 20 is a semicircle with an equal radius, the radial profile line is the distance between the periphery of the disc cam 2 and the center of the circle, the center of the circle of the disc cam 2 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the camshaft 3, the coaxial pipe penetrates through the U-shaped handle 4 and has a hole body with a regular pentagon end surface, the camshaft 3 is used for installing the U-shaped handle 4 and is arranged in the regular pentagon shape matched with the U-shaped handle 4, so that the U-shaped handle 4 can be detachably connected with the camshaft 3 in a sliding manner, the bolt 31 is in threaded connection with the camshaft 3 to fasten and fix the U-shaped handle 4, one side of the baffle 30 close to the housing 1 is in contact with or not in contact with the side wall of the housing 1, when the two parts are in contact, the friction force between the two parts is small, the U-shaped handle 4 is convenient to rotate, the two side walls of the U-shaped handle 4 form a holding part 40, the holding part is convenient to control after holding, the 90-degree arc-shaped groove 5 is arranged and driven by the U-shaped handle 4 to enable the disc-shaped cam 2 to be adjusted and controlled from the long-axis vertical arrangement to the short-axis vertical arrangement, the two ends of the arc-shaped strip 50 in the extension direction are fixedly connected with the two ends of the arc-shaped groove 5 in the radian direction, the depth direction of the arc-shaped groove 5 is the length extension direction of the holding part 40, the holding part 40 presents a transition of thickness reduction along the length direction along the direction far away from the holding part, and preferably, the projection of the support plate 16 on the horizontal plane covers the top surface of the shell 1; in the using process, the method comprises the following steps:
determining the bottom surface inclination angle of the bridge girder according to the installation position of the bridge girder, and determining the angle of the regulating and controlling support plate 16 relative to the shell 1 according to the inclination angle;
assembling the device so that the opening of the U-shaped handle 4 faces outwards and the bolt 31 is tightened to enable the U-shaped handle 4 to be abutted against the baffle 30, rotating the U-shaped handle 4 to drive the disc-shaped cam 2 to rotate to a preset position, rotating the synchronous disc-shaped cam 2 to drive the angle adjustment of the support plate 16 relative to the shell 1, and when the disc-shaped cam 2 rotates to the preset position, the support plate 16 reaches a preset angle relative to the shell 1;
manually positioning the disc cam 2, disassembling the bolt 31 and the U-shaped handle 4, assembling to enable the opening of the U-shaped handle 4 to face inwards, assembling the holding part 40 with the fixing groove 22 after penetrating through the arc-shaped groove 5, screwing the bolt 31, clamping the arc-shaped strip 50 by the holding part 40, realizing positioning of the disc cam 2 and further realizing positioning of the angle of the supporting plate 16. By adopting the technical scheme, the inclination angle of the supporting plate 16 relative to the top surface of the shell 1 is regulated and controlled, then the supporting plate 16 is fixed relative to the shell 1, then the shell 1 is fixed on the corresponding mounting point through the supporting plate 16, so that the mounting stability of the shell 1 is determined, and further the fact that the sensor body can be used for measuring the spectrum signals of the bridge at the corresponding mounting point along the vertical and horizontal directions relative to the vibration is determined.
In another aspect, the transverse direction includes in one or both of a bridge width direction and a bridge longitudinal direction. By adopting the scheme, the direction along the Z axis is along the vertical direction, the width direction of the bridge is set to be along the X axis, the longitudinal direction of the bridge is along the Y axis, and the requirement for realizing multi-azimuth measurement is determined according to the actual situation.
In another technical scheme, at least one adjusting assembly is a pair, and the pair of adjusting assemblies are symmetrically arranged. With this arrangement, the stability of the adjustment assembly with respect to the support of the support plate 16 is improved.
In another technical scheme, rigid coupling T shaped plate 6 (including diaphragm 60 and riser 61) in installation cavity 12, diaphragm 60 perpendicular to in the T shaped plate 6 baffle 10, with installation cavity 12 separates for being located vertical cavity 13 that diaphragm 60 kept away from riser 61 one side in T shaped plate 6, horizontal X axle chamber 14 and the horizontal Y axle chamber 15 that is located riser 61 both sides in T shaped plate 6, set up sensing element in vertical cavity 13, horizontal X axle chamber 14, the horizontal Y axle chamber 15 respectively, sensing element in the vertical cavity 13 is used for surveing the vibration along vertical direction, sensing element in the horizontal X axle chamber 14 is used for surveing the vibration along the X axle direction, sensing element in the horizontal Y axle chamber 15 is used for surveing the vibration along the Y axle direction, and every sensing element includes:
the transverse section of the fixed shaft 7 is in an elliptical shape, and the long axis direction of the ellipse is parallel to the vibration direction to be monitored; the fixing shaft 7 in the vertical cavity 13 is perpendicular to the partition plate 10, and the fixing shaft 7 in the transverse X-axis cavity 14 and the transverse Y-axis cavity 15 are arranged along the depth direction of the shell 1;
the monitoring optical fiber comprises an incident optical fiber 70 led in from the vertical cavity 13, an optical fiber ring 71 which is arranged in the vertical cavity 13, the transverse X-axis cavity 14 and the transverse Y-axis cavity 15 correspondingly and sequentially matched with the fixed shaft 7, an emergent optical fiber 72 led out from the transverse Y-axis cavity 15, wherein the fiber ring 71 comprises 5 oval rings wound one on top of the other, wherein in one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the incident optical fiber 70 is introduced from the lower end of the fixed shaft 7 in the vertical cavity 13, is introduced from the lower end of the vertical cavity 13 after forming the optical fiber ring 71, passes through the T-shaped plate 6 and is fixed by the T-shaped plate 6, is introduced into the transverse X-axis cavity 14, is introduced from the upper end of the transverse X-axis cavity 14 after forming the optical fiber ring 71 from bottom to top, passes through the T-shaped plate 6 and is fixed by the T-shaped plate 6, is introduced into the transverse Y-axis cavity 15, and is introduced from the lower end of the transverse Y-axis cavity 15 after forming the optical fiber ring 71 from top to bottom to form the outgoing optical fiber 72;
3 guide plates 73, 3 guide plates 73 are fixedly arranged between the periphery of the fixed shaft 7 and the side wall of the corresponding cavity in a T shape, through holes 74 for the optical fiber ring 71 to pass through are formed in the 3 guide plates 73 in a penetrating mode, a pair of guide plates 73 and the short shaft of the corresponding fixed shaft 7 are coplanar, the optical fiber ring 71 is limited, and the other guide plate 73 is used for fixing the optical fiber ring 71;
a pressing plate 75, which is located outside the corresponding optical fiber ring 71 and forms a cross shape with the 3 guide plates 73 (that is, the pressing plate 75 is located at the other end of the optical fiber ring 71 along the long axis direction relative to the guide plates 73), the pressing plate 75 is a horizontal plate and perpendicular to the long axis of the optical fiber ring 71, the pressing plate 75 is slidably disposed in the corresponding cavity along the vibration path direction, when external vibration is not sensed, the distance between the pressing plate 75 and the optical fiber ring 71 is 1-2mm, and one side of the pressing plate 75 away from the corresponding optical fiber ring 71 is located to the distance; for example, for the vertical cavity 13, the partition plate 10 located in the vertical cavity 13 and the side wall opposite to the partition plate 10 are provided with sliding grooves (the sliding grooves cooperate to position the pressing plate), the sliding grooves are arranged along the depth direction of the housing 1, the pressing plate 75 is slidably connected with the sliding grooves, springs are fixedly connected between both ends of the bottom surface of the pressing plate 75 and the bottom surface of the vertical cavity 13, when there is no external vibration, the springs drive the pressing plate 75 to position the distance between the pressing plate 75 and the optical fiber ring 71 (so that the pressing plate does not affect the optical fiber ring at this time), and at this time, the pressing plate 75 slides to the highest point relative to the sliding grooves; for the transverse X-axis cavity 14, sliding grooves are formed in the top end and the bottom end of the transverse X-axis cavity 14, the sliding grooves are formed along the X-axis direction, the pressing plate 75 is connected with the sliding grooves in a sliding manner, springs are fixedly connected between the two ends of the pressing plate 75 facing one surface of the corresponding optical fiber ring 71 and the transverse plate 60, when no external vibration exists, the springs drive the pressing plate 75 to achieve positioning of the distance between the pressing plate 75 and the optical fiber ring 71, and at the moment, the pressing plate 75 slides to abut against the sliding grooves; for the transverse Y-axis cavity 15, sliding grooves are formed in the top end and the bottom end of the transverse Y-axis cavity 15 and are arranged along the Y-axis direction, the pressing plate 75 is connected with the sliding grooves in a sliding mode, springs are fixedly connected between the two ends, facing one surface of the corresponding optical fiber ring 71, of the pressing plate 75 and the vertical plate 61, when no external vibration exists, the springs drive the pressing plate 75 to achieve positioning at a distance from the optical fiber ring 71, and at the moment, the pressing plate 75 slides to abut against the sliding grooves (positioning is achieved through the side, away from the corresponding optical fiber ring 71, of the pressing plate 75);
in one technical scheme, as shown in fig. 5, the incident optical fiber 70 is introduced from the lower end of the fixed shaft 7 in the vertical cavity 13, led out from the lower end of the vertical cavity 13 after forming the optical fiber ring 71, passes through the T-shaped plate 6 and is fixed by the T-shaped plate 6, is introduced into the horizontal X-axis cavity 14, is led out from the upper end of the horizontal X-axis cavity 14 after forming the optical fiber ring 71 from bottom to top, passes through the T-shaped plate 6 and is fixed by the T-shaped plate 6, is introduced into the horizontal Y-axis cavity 15, and is led out from the lower end of the horizontal Y-axis cavity 15 after forming the optical fiber ring 71 from top to bottom to form the outgoing optical fiber 72. Adopt this kind of scheme, through the clamp plate 75 slip perception vibration and then transmit to corresponding optic fibre ring 71, increase the sensitivity of response through optic fibre ring 71, simultaneously, the setting of slide can subdue the vibration residual force of once vibrating back spring, further improves monitoring sensitivity.
In another technical scheme, the aperture of the through hole 74 on the pair of guide plates 73 coplanar with the short axis of the corresponding fixed shaft 7 is 5-8 times of the diameter of the optical fiber ring 71;
the aperture of the through hole 74 of the remaining one of the guide plates 73 is slightly larger than the diameter of the optical fiber ring 71. With this arrangement, the fiber ring 71 is retained by one of the pair of guide plates 73, and the other guide plate 73 is used to secure the fiber ring 71.
In another aspect, each sensing assembly further comprises: a base 77, which is disposed in the corresponding cavity in cooperation with the remaining one of the guide plates 73. With this solution, for example, for the vertical cavity 13, the base 77 is disposed on the bottom surface of the vertical cavity 13, for the horizontal X-axis cavity 14, the base 77 is disposed on the corresponding transverse plate 60, and for the horizontal Y-axis cavity 15, the base 77 is disposed on the corresponding vertical plate 61.
In another technical solution, a fixing strip 76 is fixedly connected to one side of the pressing plate 75 close to the corresponding optical fiber ring 71, and a through hole for passing the corresponding optical fiber ring 71 is fixed on the fixing strip 76, and the aperture of the through hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the optical fiber. With this arrangement, the fixing bar 76 is engaged with the remaining one of the guide plates 73 to position the optical fiber ring 71 in the longitudinal direction.
In another aspect, each sensing assembly further comprises: the reinforcing members in the transverse X-axis cavity 14 and the transverse Y-axis cavity 15 comprise rails 8 arranged along the monitoring direction, first springs 80 fixedly arranged at one ends of the rails 8 far away from the corresponding optical fiber rings 71, and first mass blocks 81 fixedly arranged at free ends of the first springs 80, when external vibration is not sensed, the first mass blocks 81 are not in contact with the corresponding pressure plates 75, the rails 8 can be specifically U-shaped supporting channels, the first mass blocks 81 are slidably arranged in the U-shaped supporting channels, the U-shaped supporting channels are not in contact with the corresponding pressure blocks, and the moving path of the first mass blocks 81 is set to be not more than the U-shaped supporting channels;
the reinforcing piece in the vertical cavity 13 comprises a second spring 9 which is hung over the corresponding pressure plate 75 and a second mass block 90 which is arranged at the free end of the second spring 9, and when external vibration is not sensed, the second mass block 90 is not in contact with the corresponding pressure plate 75. By adopting the scheme, the sensing force of the sensor body to the external vibration is enhanced through the arrangement of the first spring 80 and the second spring 9, wherein the quality of the pressing plate and the elasticity of the spring for supporting the pressing plate are determined according to the elasticity of the optical fiber ring formed by the optical fibers and the like, and the quality of the first mass block and the second mass block and the elasticity performance of the first spring and the second spring are determined by comprehensively considering the elasticity of the optical fiber ring, the quality of the pressing plate and the elasticity performance of the spring for supporting the pressing plate.
The number of apparatuses and the scale of the process described herein are intended to simplify the description of the present invention. Applications, modifications and variations of the vibration sensor-based bridge health monitoring system of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. Bridge health monitoring system based on vibration sensor, including the laser source, with the coupler that the laser source is connected, with optic fibre vibration sensor and demodulator that the coupler is connected, with the host computer that the demodulator is connected, the laser source is used for sending out light, and the light that sends gets into optic fibre vibration sensor through the coupler to make optic fibre vibration sensor return spectral signal, spectral signal gets into the demodulator through the coupler, and the demodulator demodulates out the vibration information of bridge and transmits to the host computer according to the spectral signal that receives, its characterized in that, optic fibre vibration sensor install in bridge girder bottom surface, optic fibre vibration sensor includes:
the sensor body is used for measuring the spectrum signals of the bridge at the corresponding mounting points along the vertical and horizontal directions relative to vibration;
the sensor comprises a shell, a sensor body and a sensor body, wherein the shell is cuboid, a partition plate is fixedly arranged in the shell and is parallel to one side wall of the shell so as to divide the shell into an adjusting cavity and a mounting cavity for mounting the sensor body, and the vertical direction monitored by the sensor body is parallel to the depth direction of the shell;
at least one adjusting component, each adjusting component comprises a disc cam rotatably arranged in the adjusting cavity through a cam shaft, the disc cam comprises a base circle part with an arc angle of 180 degrees, a diameter changing part with an arc angle of 180 degrees and a radial profile size increasing along a direction far away from the circle center, one end of the cam shaft penetrates through the adjusting cavity and is positioned outside the shell, a penetrating end of the cam shaft is fixedly connected with a blocking piece, a U-shaped handle and a threaded connecting bolt in sequence along a direction far away from the shell, one side of the blocking piece close to the shell rotates relative to the side wall of the shell, the U-shaped handle and the penetrating end are coaxially arranged to enable an opening end of the U-shaped handle to form two holding parts, each holding part comprises a pair of clamping jaws which are oppositely arranged, and one side of the disc cam, facing the U-shaped handle, is sunken to form two fixing grooves matched with the holding parts, an arc-shaped groove with a central angle of 90 degrees is arranged on one side, opposite to the U-shaped handle, of the shell in a matched mode with each holding part, an arc-shaped strip is fixedly arranged in each arc-shaped groove along the radian direction of the arc-shaped groove, the transverse section of each arc-shaped strip is oval, the long axis of each oval is parallel to the depth direction of the arc-shaped groove, the distance between a pair of clamping jaws of each holding part is equal to the diameter of the short axis of the transverse section of each arc-shaped strip, and when the opening of the U-shaped handle faces outwards and the bolt is screwed down to enable the U-shaped handle to be abutted to the blocking piece, the U-shaped handle is rotated to drive the disc-shaped cam to rotate; when the bolt and the U-shaped handle are disassembled, the opening of the U-shaped handle faces inwards and the bolt is screwed down, the holding part is assembled with the fixing groove and clamps the arc-shaped strip;
the bottom surface of the supporting plate is hinged with one side, far away from the partition plate, of the top end of the shell, wherein the periphery of each disc-shaped cam is connected with a universal ball in a sliding mode within the adjusting path range of the disc-shaped cam, the top end of the universal ball is hinged with a sliding block, and the sliding block is located below the bottom surface of the supporting plate and is connected with the bottom surface of the supporting plate in a sliding mode so that the angle of the supporting plate can be adjusted synchronously when the disc-shaped cams are rotated.
2. The vibration sensor-based bridge health monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the transverse direction comprises one or both of a width direction along the bridge and a longitudinal direction along the bridge.
3. The vibration sensor-based bridge health monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the at least one adjustment assembly is a pair, the pair of adjustment assemblies being symmetrically disposed.
4. The bridge health monitoring system based on the vibration sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein a T-shaped plate is fixedly connected in the mounting cavity, a transverse plate in the T-shaped plate is perpendicular to the partition plate, so as to separate the mounting cavity into a vertical cavity located on one side of the transverse plate far away from a vertical plate in the T-shaped plate, a transverse X-axis cavity and a transverse Y-axis cavity located on two sides of the vertical plate in the T-shaped plate, and sensing assemblies are respectively arranged in the vertical cavity, the transverse X-axis cavity and the transverse Y-axis cavity, wherein each sensing assembly comprises:
the transverse section of the fixed shaft is in an elliptical shape, and the long axis direction of the ellipse is parallel to the vibration direction to be monitored; the vertical cavity inner fixing shaft is perpendicular to the partition plate, and the transverse X-axis cavity and the transverse Y-axis cavity inner fixing shaft are arranged along the depth direction of the shell;
the monitoring optical fiber comprises an incident optical fiber led in from the vertical cavity, optical fiber rings which are arranged in the vertical cavity, the transverse X-axis cavity and the transverse Y-axis cavity in a corresponding and fixed mode in sequence, and an emergent optical fiber led out from the transverse Y-axis cavity, wherein the optical fiber rings comprise 5 wound progressive elliptical rings;
3 guide plates, wherein the 3 guide plates are fixedly arranged between the periphery of the fixed shaft and the side wall of the corresponding cavity in a T shape, through holes for the optical fiber ring to pass through are formed in the 3 guide plates in a penetrating manner, and the short shafts of one pair of guide plates and the corresponding fixed shaft are coplanar;
the pressing plate is positioned on the outer side of the corresponding optical fiber ring and forms a cross shape with the 3 guide plates, the pressing plate is elastically arranged in the corresponding cavity in a sliding mode along the direction of a vibration path, and when external vibration is not sensed, the pressing plate is positioned to be 1-2mm away from the optical fiber ring;
and the sensing assemblies arranged in the vertical cavity, the transverse X-axis cavity and the transverse Y-axis cavity are connected in series.
5. The vibration sensor-based bridge health monitoring system of claim 4, wherein the aperture of the through holes in the pair of guide plates coplanar with the minor axis of the corresponding stationary shaft is 5-8 times the diameter of the optical fiber loop;
the aperture of the through hole on the rest guide plate is slightly larger than the diameter of the optical fiber ring.
6. The vibration sensor-based bridge health monitoring system of claim 5, wherein each sensing assembly further comprises: and the base is matched with the rest guide plate and arranged in the corresponding cavity.
7. The bridge health monitoring system based on the vibration sensor as claimed in claim 5, wherein a fixing strip is fixed on one side of the pressing plate close to the corresponding optical fiber ring, a through hole for passing the corresponding optical fiber ring is fixed on the fixing strip, and the aperture of the through hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the optical fiber.
8. The vibration sensor-based bridge health monitoring system of claim 5, wherein each sensing assembly further comprises: the reinforcing parts in the transverse X-axis cavity and the transverse Y-axis cavity comprise rails arranged along the monitoring direction, first springs fixedly arranged at one ends of the rails far away from the corresponding optical fiber rings and first mass blocks fixedly arranged at free ends of the first springs, and when external vibration is not sensed, the first mass blocks are not in contact with the corresponding pressing plates;
the reinforcing piece in the vertical cavity comprises a second spring which is hung right above the corresponding pressure plate and a second mass block which is arranged at the free end of the second spring, and when external vibration is not sensed, the second mass block is not in contact with the corresponding pressure plate.
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