CN111692995B - Vertical differential speed measuring method for coordinate system of trial drawing piece - Google Patents
Vertical differential speed measuring method for coordinate system of trial drawing piece Download PDFInfo
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- CN111692995B CN111692995B CN202010536134.0A CN202010536134A CN111692995B CN 111692995 B CN111692995 B CN 111692995B CN 202010536134 A CN202010536134 A CN 202010536134A CN 111692995 B CN111692995 B CN 111692995B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
- G01B11/005—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates coordinate measuring machines
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- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of optical measurement, in particular to a vertical differential measurement method for a coordinate system of a trial drawing piece, which solves the problems that the existing method for measuring the vertical difference of a retainer pocket consumes long time, has low efficiency and seriously influences the detection and the production progress. And the method passes the capability verification test, and proves that the method is accurate, simple, convenient and rapid, and is convenient to popularize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optical measurement, in particular to a vertical differential measurement method for a coordinate system of a trial drawing piece.
Background
The vertical difference of the cage pockets is a key characteristic influencing the quality and the service life of the bearing, and is related to whether the rollers can normally run in the bearing. When the cage pocket is machined, broaching is carried out by using the broach, so that the detection and test of the vertical difference of the broaching piece is an indirect measurement mode for verifying whether the vertical difference of the broach is qualified or not. In the prior art, when the vertical difference of a trial drawing piece is measured, a probe is used for dotting and measuring a plane, and the step is repeated for each sample piece of the same model. Although the method can ensure the accuracy of measured values, the method has long time consumption and low efficiency, and seriously influences the detection and production progress.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses the following purposes: the invention provides a vertical differential speed measuring method of a coordinate system of a trial drawing piece, aiming at solving the problems that the existing cage pocket vertical difference measuring method is long in time consumption and low in efficiency, and seriously influences the detection and production progress.
In order to achieve the purpose, the vertical differential speed measurement method of the coordinate system of the trial drawing piece comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: fixing the workpiece on a three-dimensional optical measuring instrument,
step two: optically positioning the workpiece, setting up a coordinate system,
positioning by taking any right angle of a square hole in the middle of the workpiece as an initial position of a coordinate system, and establishing the coordinate system;
step three: the probe mode is manually invoked to measure the vertical difference of the workpiece,
calling a probe, manually measuring four points of a rectangular plane of a square hole in the middle of a workpiece, determining the measured range of a measured surface, constructing a rectangular grid by using a three-dimensional optical measuring instrument, automatically distributing measuring points in the determined range of the measured surface in a grid mode by using the machine, using the re-measuring function of the three-dimensional optical measuring instrument, measuring by using the probe according to the automatically generated points, evaluating the vertical difference of the measured surface according to requirements after the measurement is finished, and storing a program after the measurement is finished;
step four: the automatic measurement is guided by the optics,
and replacing the other workpiece, keeping the fixed position unchanged, finding the position of the workpiece in an optical positioning mode, and calling a stored program for automatic measurement.
Further, the specific process of establishing the coordinate system in the second step is as follows: two right-angle sides extending from the starting position in a right angle are both used as reference lines, one is used as an X axis, and the other is used as a Y axis; and (4) arbitrarily taking a three-point fitting plane on the surface of the workpiece, and setting a Z axis to be vertical to the plane.
Still further, the process of the three-dimensional optical measuring instrument component rectangular network in the third step is as follows: an automatic measurement path and coordinate grid function construction using a three-dimensional optical measuring instrument.
Further, the machine in the third step automatically allocates the measuring points in the grid form within the determined range of the measured surface as the premise that the number of rows and the number of columns are input on the machine.
The vertical differential speed measuring method of the coordinate system of the trial drawing piece comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: fixing the workpiece on a three-dimensional optical measuring instrument,
step two: optically positioning the workpiece, setting up a coordinate system,
selecting the middle point of a square hole in the middle of the workpiece as an original point to perform optical positioning, and setting a coordinate system according to the original point;
step three: the probe mode is manually invoked to measure the vertical difference of the workpiece,
calling a probe, manually measuring four points of a rectangular plane of a square hole in the middle of a workpiece, determining the measured range of a measured surface, constructing a rectangular grid by using a three-dimensional optical measuring instrument, automatically distributing measuring points in the determined range of the measured surface in a grid mode by using the machine, using the re-measuring function of the three-dimensional optical measuring instrument, measuring by using the probe according to the automatically generated points, evaluating the vertical difference of the measured surface according to requirements after the measurement is finished, and storing a program after the measurement is finished;
step four: the measurement is automatically switched over to the measurement,
the mirror image and rotation functions in the machine are used for realizing the conversion measurement of other three intervals;
step five: the automatic measurement is guided by the optics,
and replacing the other workpiece, keeping the fixed position unchanged, finding the position of the workpiece in an optical positioning mode, and calling a stored program for automatic measurement.
Further, the specific process of selecting the midpoint of the square hole in the middle of the workpiece as the origin in the second step is as follows: utilize optical guide function at first at the arbitrary right angle edge of work piece middle part square hole intercepting two sections length unanimous straight lines, later get two sections straight lines at corresponding position on the opposite side of this right angle edge, every section straight line on this right angle edge all corresponds with a straight line on the opposite side of this right angle edge, a mid point can all be constructed with the opposite side of this right angle edge to this right angle edge, and the same reason also carries out above-mentioned operation on two other right angle edges, equally obtains two mid points, will correspond two mid points and fit, can obtain two straight lines, the mid point of two straight lines is the original point.
Still further, the specific process of setting up the coordinate system in the second step is as follows: one of the two straight lines is used as an X axis, the other straight line is used as a Y axis, a three-point fitting plane is arbitrarily selected on the surface of the workpiece, and a Z axis is arranged to be vertical to the plane.
Further, the process of constructing the rectangular network of the three-dimensional optical measuring instrument in the third step is as follows: an automatic measurement path and coordinate grid function construction using a three-dimensional optical measuring instrument.
And further, the machine in the third step automatically allocates the measuring points in the grid form within the determined range of the measured surface on the premise that the number of rows and the number of columns are input on the machine.
Further, the specific process of using the mirror and rotation functions in the machine in the fourth step is to make the measured area rotate by mirror copy and ± 90 °.
Has the advantages that: the optical guide and automatic plane generation functions of the three-dimensional optical measuring instrument are utilized to carry out automatic measurement, the vertical difference efficiency of the trial drawing piece is improved, and the requirements of scientific research and production tasks are met.
On the basis of not considering whether the workpiece machining meets the requirements of a drawing or not, the maximum deviation of measured values obtained by two methods for establishing a workpiece coordinate system is small, the precision requirement of a machine can be met, and the stability of a measuring result can be ensured. The vector error caused by manual dotting can be effectively avoided by utilizing the automatic generation method, the measured value obtained by the method is higher in reliability, and the result is more accurate. For batch measurement, on the premise of ensuring accurate results, a system establishing method suitable for different types of workpieces and different states of a measured surface is selected, so that the measurement efficiency can be greatly improved.
In conclusion, according to the actual scientific research and production needs, in order to effectively solve the problem of rapid measurement of the vertical difference of the trial drawing piece, the two methods for establishing the coordinate system provided by the patent can adapt to the actual needs, and simplify the complicated work. And the method passes the capability verification test, and proves that the method is accurate, simple, convenient and rapid, and is convenient to popularize.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of optical guidance and generation of planar automatic measurements;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first method for establishing a coordinate system of a workpiece;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second method for establishing a coordinate system of a workpiece.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the vertical differential speed measuring method of the coordinate system of the trial drawing piece comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: fixing the workpiece on a three-dimensional optical measuring instrument,
step two: optically positioning the workpiece, setting up a coordinate system,
positioning by taking any right angle of a square hole in the middle of the workpiece as an initial position of a coordinate system, and establishing the coordinate system;
step three: the probe mode is manually invoked to measure the vertical difference of the workpiece,
calling a probe, manually measuring four points of a rectangular plane of a square hole in the middle of a workpiece, determining the measured range of a measured surface, constructing a rectangular grid by using a three-dimensional optical measuring instrument, automatically distributing measuring points in the determined range of the measured surface in a grid mode by using the machine, using the re-measuring function of the three-dimensional optical measuring instrument, measuring by using the probe according to the automatically generated points, evaluating the vertical difference of the measured surface according to requirements after the measurement is finished, and storing a program after the measurement is finished;
step four: the automatic measurement is guided by the optics,
another workpiece is replaced, the fixed position is unchanged, the position of the workpiece is found in an optical positioning mode, and a stored program is called for automatic measurement;
the second embodiment is as follows: the specific process of establishing the coordinate system in the second step is as follows: two right-angle sides extending from the starting position in a right angle are both used as reference lines, one is used as an X axis, and the other is used as a Y axis; and (4) arbitrarily taking a three-point fitting plane on the surface of the workpiece, and setting a Z axis to be vertical to the plane.
Other embodiments are the same as the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the process of the rectangular network of the three-dimensional optical measuring instrument in the third step is as follows: constructed using automated measurement path and coordinate grid functions using a three-dimensional optical measuring machine.
Other embodiments are the same as the first embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: in the third step, the machine automatically distributes the measuring points in the grid form within the determined range of the measured surface on the premise that the number of rows and the number of columns are input on the machine.
Other embodiments are the same as the first embodiment.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the vertical differential speed measuring method of the coordinate system of the trial drawing piece comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: fixing the workpiece on a three-dimensional optical measuring instrument,
placing and fixing the workpiece by using a fixture;
step two: optically positioning the workpiece, setting up a coordinate system,
selecting the middle point of a square hole in the middle of the workpiece as an original point to perform optical positioning, and setting a coordinate system according to the original point;
step three: the probe mode is manually invoked to measure the vertical difference of the workpiece,
calling a probe, manually measuring four points of a rectangular plane of a square hole in the middle of a workpiece, determining the measured range of a measured surface, constructing a rectangular grid by using a three-dimensional optical measuring instrument, automatically distributing measuring points in the determined range of the measured surface in a grid mode by using the machine, using the re-measuring function of the three-dimensional optical measuring instrument, measuring by using the probe according to the automatically generated points, evaluating the vertical difference of the measured surface according to requirements after the measurement is finished, and storing a program after the measurement is finished;
step four: the measurement is automatically switched over to the measurement,
the mirror image and rotation functions in the machine are used for realizing the conversion measurement of other three intervals;
step five: the automatic measurement is guided by the optics,
and replacing the other workpiece, keeping the fixed position unchanged, finding the position of the workpiece in an optical positioning mode, and calling a stored program for automatic measurement.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the specific process of selecting the middle point of the square hole in the middle of the workpiece as the origin in the second step is as follows: utilize optical guide function at first at the arbitrary right angle edge of work piece middle part square hole intercepting two sections length unanimous straight lines, later get two sections straight lines at corresponding position on the opposite side of this right angle edge, every section straight line on this right angle edge all corresponds with a straight line on the opposite side of this right angle edge, a mid point can all be constructed with the opposite side of this right angle edge to this right angle edge, and the same reason also carries out above-mentioned operation on two other right angle edges, equally obtains two mid points, will correspond two mid points and fit, can obtain two straight lines, the mid point of two straight lines is the original point.
The other embodiments are the same as the fifth embodiment.
The seventh embodiment: the specific process of setting up the coordinate system in the second step is as follows: one of the two straight lines is used as an X axis, the other straight line is used as a Y axis, a three-point fitting plane is arbitrarily selected on the surface of the workpiece, and a Z axis is arranged to be vertical to the plane.
The other embodiments are the same as the fifth embodiment.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the process of the rectangular network of the three-dimensional optical measuring instrument in the third step is as follows: an automatic measurement path and coordinate grid function construction using a three-dimensional optical measuring instrument.
The other embodiments are the same as the fifth embodiment.
The specific implementation method nine: in the third step, the machine automatically distributes the measuring points in the grid form within the determined range of the measured surface on the premise that the number of rows and the number of columns are input on the machine.
The other embodiments are the same as the fifth embodiment.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: the specific process of using the mirror and rotation functions in the machine in step four is to copy the measured area by mirror and rotate it by 90 °.
The other embodiments are the same as the fifth embodiment.
Example (b): randomly selecting trial pulling pieces: the method comprises the following steps of trial drawing of a piece I, trial drawing of a piece II and trial drawing of a piece III, wherein the states of four tested surfaces of the piece I are inconsistent, and the states of the four tested surfaces of the piece II and the piece III are consistent. The traditional manual dotting method for measuring the plane is compared with the method for establishing the coordinate system according to the two schemes. A, B is the reference plane, C, D is the measured plane. The measurement data are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 comparative measurements of trial pull (I)
TABLE 2 comparative measurement results of trial drawing
TABLE 3 comparison measurement results of trial drawing
Claims (1)
1. The vertical differential speed measurement method of the coordinate system of the trial drawing piece is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: fixing the trial drawing piece on a three-dimensional optical measuring instrument,
step two: optically positioning the trial drawing piece, and establishing a coordinate system, wherein the specific process comprises the following steps: selecting the middle point of a square hole in the middle of the trial-drawn part as an original point to perform optical positioning, and setting a coordinate system according to the original point;
firstly intercepting two straight lines with the same length on any right-angle edge of a square hole in the middle of a trial drawing piece by utilizing an optical guide function, then taking two straight lines at corresponding positions on opposite edges of the right-angle edge, wherein each straight line on the right-angle edge corresponds to one straight line on the opposite edge of the right-angle edge, each pair of corresponding straight lines of the right-angle edge and the opposite edge of the right-angle edge can form a middle point, similarly, the operations are carried out on the other two right-angle edges to obtain two middle points, and the two middle points obtained by the opposite right-angle edges are respectively fitted to obtain two straight lines, wherein the intersection point of the two straight lines is the original point;
taking one of the two straight lines as an X axis and the other straight line as a Y axis, arbitrarily taking a three-point fitting plane on the surface of the trial drawing piece, and setting a Z axis to be vertical to the fitting plane;
step three: the probe mode is manually invoked to measure the trial pull,
calling a probe, manually measuring four points of one interval rectangular plane in a coordinate system of a square hole in the middle of a trial drawing part, determining the measured range of a measuring surface, constructing a rectangular grid by using a three-dimensional optical measuring instrument, automatically distributing measuring points in the determined range of the measured surface in a grid form by using the three-dimensional optical measuring instrument, and measuring by using the re-measuring function of the three-dimensional optical measuring instrument according to the automatically generated points by the probe;
step four: the measurement is automatically switched over to the measurement,
using mirror image and rotation functions in the three-dimensional optical measuring instrument to realize conversion measurement of other three intervals, evaluating the vertical difference of the three intervals according to requirements after the measurement is finished, and storing the program after the measurement is finished;
step five: the automatic measurement is guided by the optics,
another trial drawing piece is replaced, the fixed position is unchanged, the position of the trial drawing piece is found in an optical positioning mode, and a stored program is called for automatic measurement;
the process of the rectangular grid of the three-dimensional optical measuring instrument component in the third step is as follows: constructing an automatic measuring path and a coordinate grid function by using the three-dimensional optical measuring instrument;
the process that the three-dimensional optical measuring instrument automatically distributes the measuring points in the determined range of the measured surface in the grid form in the third step is as follows: inputting the number of rows and the number of columns on a three-dimensional optical measuring instrument; .
The specific process of using the mirror image and rotation functions in the three-dimensional optical measuring instrument in the fourth step is as follows: the measured area is copied by mirror image and rotated by 90 deg..
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| US20090172881A1 (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2009-07-09 | Marlene Marian Peterson | Mattress Wrap Bedding System |
| CN102062676A (en) * | 2010-11-08 | 2011-05-18 | 天津威泰柯光学技术发展有限公司 | Medical rigid endoscope detection equipment |
| CN202599371U (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2012-12-12 | 广东工业大学 | Measuring device based on integration of vision sensor and three-coordinate measuring machine |
| CN104697478B (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2016-12-28 | 厦门大学 | Ruled surface self-adapting measuring method based on constant contact force |
| CN106250458B (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2019-07-09 | 上海华力微电子有限公司 | A kind of Unit Cell point geometry information extracting method |
| CN107421440A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-12-01 | 中国航发哈尔滨轴承有限公司 | A kind of method of three dimensional optical measuring square hole vertical difference |
| CN108050981B (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-11-26 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of three coordinate measuring engine measurement method of complex part surface planarity measurement |
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