CN1868668A - Machining alignment and location method of cable tower segment - Google Patents

Abstract

A centering and locating method for machining the end face of the segment of steel cable tower includes such steps as using numeral controlled hydraulic locating system to support said segment and locate it to a machining position, centering the first end face by using 3D tracking measurer to measure machine and 3 laser markers for determining the position relation between machine and workpiece and regulating and locking the position of workpiece, centering the second end face by transporting the segment to machining position, creating the coordinate system of machine, measuring and processing the machined first end face, and checking its position in said coordinate system.

Description

Cable tower segment machining alignment and localization method

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of method, belong to segment of cable tower and make the field cable tower segment machining alignment and location.

Background technology:

The bridge steel cable tower segment is made the field abroad, the traditional method of sections processing centering is to be that benchmark is adjusted theodolite with the lathe, monitor the sections axis simultaneously with theodolite and spirit level, adjust the sections spatial attitude, relation reaches requirement until the position of sections axis and lathe, for reliably, also need after adjusting to the right place to check the end face processing line with lathe.Conventional method is because there is the line error in centering benchmark (sections axis that has marked and end face processing line) itself, and measuring process is also more various, and not only efficient is low, and precision is low, can't satisfy the needs of machining alignment and location.

Summary of the invention:

Purpose of design: avoid the weak point in the background technology, design a kind of can be fast, convenient to segment of cable tower face machining alignment, location, and centering, cable tower segment machining alignment and localization method that precision is high.

Design: in order to realize above-mentioned purpose of design.On conceptual design: cable wire Tower Bridge segment machining alignment has three kinds of situations, the one, end face roughing centering, the 2nd, first end face fine finishining centering, three is the 2nd end face fine finishining centerings, the concrete grammar of three kinds of situations is as follows: 1, end face roughing centering: with the numerical control hydraulic navigation system sections is carried out control power and support, be benchmark with segment machined line simultaneously, adjust the sections spatial attitude and make it be positioned correct machined position.2, the 1st end face fine finishining centering, concrete grammar is by as follows: 1. sections to be processed behind the samming is transported to the machine tooling position, and segment of cable tower is carried out control power support.2. with three-dimensional tracking measurement instrument 3 laser station marks on lathe and the sections wallboard are measured (Fig. 1), measurement data is handled, determine workpiece and lathe position relation accurately, also calculate the adjustment parameter of the location of workpiece simultaneously.Carry out centering with the laser station mark and do not have the line error, certainty of measurement is also very high.3. adjust the attitude of workpiece with the numerical control hydraulic adjusting device according to the result of calculation of step in 2., and repeating step 2., the angle until the 1st end face of sections and machine tooling plane reaches requirement.Because adjustment process is computer control, so efficient and precision are very high.4. lock in place device is to guarantee the stability of sections spatial attitude and position.2, the 2nd end face fine finishining centering, concrete grammar is by as follows: 1. earlier sections is transported to the machine tooling position, makes the 2nd end face towards lathe, and support navigation system with numerical control hydraulic workpiece is carried out the support of control power.2. with three-dimensional tracking measurement instrument 3 characteristic points on the lathe are measured, set up lathe coordinate system (as Fig. 2).3. in lathe coordinate system, carry out space measurement with three-dimensional tracking measurement instrument to finishing mach first end face, with computer program measurement result is handled, result and the determined correction value of accuracy control are compared, determine angle [alpha] angle and β angle that the workpiece attitude should be adjusted, then with numerical control hydraulic support navigation system earlier with workpiece around x axle rotation alpha angle, again around y axle rotation β angle, make mach lower surface normal vector parallel with lathe coordinate system yz face, reach with the xy face and to design desired angle value.4. check the position of end face 1 in lathe coordinate system with three-dimensional tracking measurement instrument, finish the machined measurement and positioning operation of end face 2.Its technical scheme: cable tower segment machining alignment and localization method, (1) end face roughing centering: with the numerical control hydraulic navigation system sections is carried out control power and support, be benchmark with segment machined line simultaneously, adjust the sections spatial attitude and make it be positioned correct machined position; (2) the 1st end face fine finishining centerings: 1, sections to be processed behind the samming is transported to the machine tooling position, and segment of cable tower is carried out control power support; 2, with three-dimensional tracking measurement instrument 3 laser station marks on lathe and the sections wallboard are measured, measurement data is handled, determine workpiece and lathe position relation accurately, also calculate the adjustment parameter of the location of workpiece simultaneously; 3, with the attitude of numerical control hydraulic adjusting device according to the adjustment of the result of calculation in the step 2 workpiece, and repeating step 2, the angle until the 1st end face of sections and machine tooling plane reaches requirement; 4, lock in place device is to guarantee the stability of sections spatial attitude and position; (3) the 2nd end face fine finishining centerings: 1, earlier sections is transported to the machine tooling position, makes the 2nd end face, and support navigation system with numerical control hydraulic workpiece is carried out the support of control power towards lathe; 2, with three-dimensional tracking measurement instrument 3 characteristic points on the lathe are measured, set up lathe coordinate system; 3, in lathe coordinate system, carry out space measurement with three-dimensional tracking measurement instrument to finishing mach first end face, with computer program measurement result is handled, result and the determined correction value of accuracy control are compared, determine angle [alpha] angle and β angle that the workpiece attitude should be adjusted, then with numerical control hydraulic support navigation system earlier with workpiece around x axle rotation alpha angle, again around y axle rotation β angle, make mach lower surface normal vector parallel with lathe coordinate system yz face, reach with the xy face and to design desired angle value; 4, check the position of end face 1 in lathe coordinate system with three-dimensional tracking measurement instrument, finish the machined measurement and positioning operation of end face 2.

The present invention compares with background technology, and the one, centering, positioning accuracy height satisfy the needs of machining alignment and location effectively; The 2nd, easy and simple to handle, the efficient height.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 measures the accurate position of determining workpiece and lathe with three-dimensional tracking measurement instrument to concern schematic diagram.

Fig. 2 carries out instrumentation plan with three-dimensional tracking measurement instrument to 3 characteristic points on the lathe.

Fig. 3 is the control schematic diagram of segment of cable tower work status.

Fig. 4 is that 3 laser stations on characteristic point on the segment profile and the wallboard indicate intention.

Fig. 5 is theoretical data model and measured data model match schematic diagram.

Fig. 6 draws sections axis and end face machined line schematic diagram.

Fig. 7 is that the sections bridge location installs and measures index point schematic diagram is set.

The specific embodiment:

Embodiment 1: with reference to attached Fig. 1 and 2.Cable tower segment machining alignment and localization method, (1) end face roughing centering: with the numerical control hydraulic navigation system sections is carried out control power and support, that is to say, to supporting segment of cable tower strong point power certain requirement and control are arranged, be benchmark with segment machined line simultaneously, adjust the sections spatial attitude and make it be positioned correct machined position; (2) the 1st end face fine finishining centerings: 1, sections to be processed behind the samming is transported to the machine tooling position, and segment of cable tower is carried out control power support; 2, with three-dimensional tracking measurement instrument 3 laser station marks on lathe and the sections wallboard are measured, (MATLAB) handles measurement data with the Measurement and Data Processing program, determine workpiece and lathe position relation accurately, also calculate the adjustment parameter of the location of workpiece simultaneously; 3, adjust the attitude of workpiece according to the result of calculation in the step 2 with the numerical control hydraulic adjusting device, and repeating step 2, angle until the 1st end face of sections and machine tooling plane reaches requirement, that is to say, consistent with both ends of the surface angle under the state of standing up-------segment of cable tower is keeping flat and is supporting under the shape sections keeping flat under the holding state, little distortion and segment of cable tower that both ends of the surface produced stand up under the holding state, little distortion angle unanimity that both ends of the surface produced.Method is: find out the position of supporting the segment of cable tower strong point with finite element method, guarantee that segment of cable tower is keeping flat under the holding state and standing up under the holding state uniformity of its end face angle; 4, lock in place device is to guarantee the stability of sections spatial attitude and position; (3) the 2nd end face fine finishining centerings: 1, earlier sections is transported to the machine tooling position, makes the 2nd end face, and support navigation system with numerical control hydraulic workpiece is carried out the support of control power towards lathe; 2, with three-dimensional tracking measurement instrument 3 characteristic points on the lathe are measured, set up lathe coordinate system; 3, in lathe coordinate system, carry out space measurement with three-dimensional tracking measurement instrument to finishing mach first end face, with computer program (with Measurement and Data Processing program MATLAB) measurement result is handled, result and the determined correction value of accuracy control are compared, determine angle [alpha] angle and β angle that the workpiece attitude should be adjusted, then with numerical control hydraulic support navigation system earlier with workpiece around x axle rotation alpha angle, around y axle rotation β angle, make mach lower surface normal vector parallel again with lathe coordinate system yz face, reach the desired angle of design value with the xy face; 4, check the position of end face 1 in lathe coordinate system with three-dimensional tracking measurement instrument, finish the machined measurement and positioning operation of end face 2.

The segment of cable tower spatial measuring method is with reference to accompanying drawing 3～7.(1) work status control:

1. reaction of bearing requires:

$\frac{|N1-N2|}{N1+N2}\≤0.05,$

In the formula, N1 and N2 represent reaction of bearing, and N1-N2 represents that reaction of bearing is poor, N1+N2 represent reaction of bearing and,

$\frac{|N3-N4|}{N3+N4}\≤0.05$

In the formula, N3 and N4 represent reaction of bearing, and N3-N4 represents to prop up

The support counter-force poor, N3+N4 represent reaction of bearing and;

2. supporting point position requires: sections keep flat under the holding state consistent with both ends of the surface angle under the state of standing up, that is to say, segment of cable tower is keeping flat under the support shape, and little distortion and segment of cable tower that both ends of the surface produced stand up under the holding state, little distortion angle unanimity that both ends of the surface produced.Method is: find out the position of supporting the segment of cable tower strong point with finite element method, guarantee that segment of cable tower is keeping flat under the holding state and standing up under the holding state uniformity of its end face angle;

3. workpiece temperature and operating environment temperature requirement: a, measuring process workpiece wallboard and the web temperature difference are no more than 2 ℃, that is to say, the wallboard around the segment of cable tower and the web temperature difference that is positioned at the segment of cable tower chamber add man-hour can not be above 2 ℃; B, measuring process operating environment variations in temperature are no more than 2 ℃, that is to say, segment of cable tower in the process of measuring, its variation of ambient temperature can not surpass set temperature ± 1 ℃.

(2) segment machined front space is measured and line:

1. space measurement: with three-dimensional laser tracking measurement instrument 3 laser stations marks on characteristic point on the segment profile and the wallboard are carried out sky and ask measurement, that is to say, be evenly distributed with on 3 or a plurality of point, the wallboard at segment of cable tower 3 or a plurality of laser station mark (3 laser stations marks can be set up a coordinate system) earlier on the cable tower segment profile, the data after with three-dimensional laser tracking measurement instrument the segment profile measurement being finished are then represented the measured data model with the three-dimensional data model that measurement data is constructed sections in computer;

2. the calculating of axis: the three-dimensional data model representation theory data model that in computer, utilizes the gross data structural theory sections of segment angle point, in the same coordinate system, theoretical sections data model representation theory data model and actual sections data model are represented that the measured data model carries out the match on the least square method meaning with Measurement and Data Processing program (MATLAB), X, Y, z, θ x, θ y, θ z represent realistic model and theoretical model locus, attitude, difference variable, its Mathematical Modeling:

$f(x,y,z,\mathrm{\θx},\mathrm{\θy},\mathrm{\θz})=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(d{x_i}^2+d{y_i}^2+d{z_i}^2),$

Find the solution Δ x, Δ y, Δ z, Δ θ x, Δ θ y, Δ θ z satisfies it

$f(\mathrm{\Δx},\mathrm{\Δy},\mathrm{\Δz},\mathrm{\Δ\θx},\mathrm{\Δ\θy},\mathrm{\Δ\θz})=\min \left(\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(d{x_i}^2+d{y_i}^2+d{z_i}^2)\right),$

Then, when Δ x, Δ y, Δ z, Δ θ x, Δ θ y, Δ θ z represent that realistic model and theoretical model carried out best fit, the locus attitude parameter that realistic model need be adjusted.

X in the formula, y, z, θ x, θ y, θ z is the position and attitude variable of expression measured data model in coordinate system, when the position of expression measured data model and representation theory data model relation satisfies above condition, represents the datum level of measured data model with the datum level of representation theory data model; Dx represents the distance of measuring point to the direction across bridge datum level; Dy represents that measuring point arrives along the distance of bridge to datum level; Dz represents that measuring point arrives the distance of theoretical end face;

3. draw sections axis and end face machined line: represent under the measured data model least square method best fit state at sections theoretical model representation theory data model and realistic model, obtain theoretical sections model representation theoretical data model cross-bridges and suitable bridge intersection to axle center face and actual column segment data model representation measured data model, be contained in the workpiece panel surfaces according to result of calculation with the router and mark end face machined line and sections axis (intersection of datum level and wallboard), these lines are made the centering benchmark and are used when end face roughing;

4. calculate the smart machining alignment parameter of first end face: represent under the measured data model least square best fit state at sections theoretical model representation theory data model and actual sections data model, obtain on the wallboard 3 laser station mark coordinate figures and the spatial relationship (parameter) of the suitable bridge of theoretical sections cross-bridges to axle center face and end face, the locus that replaces workpiece (segment of cable tower) with three laser station target locus, as long as adjust the position relation of three laser station marks and lathe during first end face fine finishining, also just adjusted the position relation of workpiece and lathe

What need understand is: though the foregoing description is to the present invention's detailed explanation of contrasting; but these explanations are just to simple declaration of the present invention; rather than limitation of the present invention, any innovation and creation that do not exceed in the connotation of the present invention all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of cable tower segment machining alignment and localization method is characterized in that:

(1) end face roughing centering:

With the numerical control hydraulic navigation system sections being carried out control power and support, is benchmark with segment machined line simultaneously, adjusts the sections spatial attitude and makes it be positioned correct machined position;

(2) the 1st end face fine finishining centerings:

1, sections to be processed behind the samming is transported to the machine tooling position, and segment of cable tower is carried out control power support;

2, with three-dimensional tracking measurement instrument 3 laser station marks on lathe and the sections wallboard are measured, measurement data is handled, determine workpiece and lathe position relation accurately, also calculate the adjustment parameter of the location of workpiece simultaneously;

3, with the attitude of numerical control hydraulic adjusting device according to the adjustment of the result of calculation in the step 2 workpiece, and repeating step 2, the angle until the 1st end face of sections and machine tooling plane reaches requirement;

4, lock in place device is to guarantee the stability of sections spatial attitude and position;

(3) the 2nd end face fine finishining centerings:

1, earlier sections is transported to the machine tooling position, makes the 2nd end face, and support navigation system with numerical control hydraulic workpiece is carried out the support of control power towards lathe;

2, with three-dimensional tracking measurement instrument 3 characteristic points on the lathe are measured, set up lathe coordinate system;

3, in lathe coordinate system, carry out space measurement with three-dimensional tracking measurement instrument to finishing mach first end face, with computer program measurement result is handled, result and the determined correction value of accuracy control are compared, determine angle [alpha] angle and β angle that the workpiece attitude should be adjusted, then with numerical control hydraulic support navigation system earlier with workpiece around x axle rotation alpha angle, again around y axle rotation β angle, make mach lower surface normal vector parallel with lathe coordinate system yz face, reach with the xy face and to design desired angle value;

4, check the position of end face 1 in lathe coordinate system with three-dimensional tracking measurement instrument, finish the machined measurement and positioning operation of end face 2.

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