CN111688226B - Non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge reducing device and method - Google Patents
Non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge reducing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111688226B CN111688226B CN202010511131.1A CN202010511131A CN111688226B CN 111688226 B CN111688226 B CN 111688226B CN 202010511131 A CN202010511131 A CN 202010511131A CN 111688226 B CN111688226 B CN 111688226B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
- B29C67/0048—Local deformation of formed objects
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/30—Mounting, exchanging or centering
- B29C33/301—Modular mould systems [MMS], i.e. moulds built up by stacking mould elements, e.g. plates, blocks, rods
- B29C33/302—Assembling a large number of mould elements to constitute one cavity
Abstract
The diameter reducing device comprises a base for supporting a spherical hinge in a vertical direction, a chuck flap module assembly which is arranged on the base and can circumferentially surround the spherical hinge, a middle module for applying radial pressure to the chuck flap module assembly and an upper module for driving the middle module to lift, wherein the middle module is sleeved on the chuck flap module assembly and is matched with a conical surface of the chuck flap module assembly, the chuck flap module assembly radially compresses the spherical hinge along with the descending of the middle module, the chuck flap module assembly is formed by sequentially splicing a plurality of flap modules in the circumferential direction, the flap modules comprise an air flap module for radially compressing the air direction of the spherical hinge and a real flap module for radially compressing the real direction of the spherical hinge, and the radial compression amount of the air flap module on a spherical hinge rubber layer is smaller than that of the real flap module on the spherical hinge rubber layer. The invention can compensate the size deviation caused by the difference of the empty and real rubber resilience after reducing, reduce the difference of the reducing quantity of the empty and real directions of the spherical hinge, improve the cylindricity of the spherical hinge after reducing, improve the reliability and accuracy of reducing and ensure that the reducing device has higher practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a reducing device and method for a non-uniform-thickness rubber ball hinge, which are used for reducing the non-uniform-thickness rubber ball hinge.
Background
The non-uniform thickness rubber spherical hinge structure with the hollow real-direction structure is shown in attached figures 1-2 and is formed by combining a metal outer sleeve, a metal mandrel and rubber, wherein a rubber layer between the outer sleeve and the mandrel is provided with an open hole structure, the open holes are symmetrically distributed at 180 degrees, one side with the open holes is called the hollow direction, and the other side without the open holes is called the real direction. After vulcanization molding, the rubber is cooled and shrunk, the rubber is firmly bonded with the outer sleeve and the mandrel, and the rubber has no shrinkage space, so that tensile stress exists between molecules. The spherical hinge is under the action of external load in the working process, so that the tensile state of one side is relieved, the tensile stress of the other side is increased, and when the tensile stress is greater than the strength of rubber, the inside of the rubber spherical hinge is cracked, so that the spherical hinge is damaged. Therefore, radial precompression treatment is carried out on the non-uniform-thickness rubber ball joint after vulcanization molding, so that compressive stress pre-exists among the rubber molecules of the non-uniform-thickness rubber ball joint, and when the rubber ball joint works under load, the phenomenon that the rubber cracks to damage the ball joint due to overlarge tensile stress is avoided.
The existing shrinkage tool and method for the outer diameter of metal in rubber metal products are various and mainly comprise the following steps: radial holding type reducing for workpiece immobilization and axial extrusion type reducing for workpiece movement.
(1) For example, the research on the application of the radial reducing process in the spherical hinge of the oil hydraulic shock absorber (MN 61-1141/TQ) and the development and development of the spherical hinge reducing machine (11-1812/TQ); the invention relates to a reducing tool for automobile swing arm bushing (MN 201822049808.5) and a reducing tool for plate spring rear bushing (MN 201420820538.2), wherein the radial reducing modes all belong to radial tightening type reducing of immovable workpieces, and the reducing tool has the problems that the working parts of reducing dies are all round inner holes, and for the structural spherical hinge discussed by the invention, the rubber layer has a partially hollow structure, and the deviation of the hollow dimension and the real dimension after reducing is large, so that the cylindricity of the outer circle surface of a product is unqualified.
(2) The utility model provides a modular radial precompression mould of rubber bush (MN 201420571594.7) radial precompression mode belongs to the axial extrusion formula undergauge that the work piece removed, the problem that its exists is that the lower mould divide into piece and two-layer formula structure of piece down, the workspace distributes at the piece, the workspace length is shorter, the diameter deviation can appear in the product direction of height different positions behind the extrusion great, the assembly area is the circular port with the workspace, the transition district is the taper hole, when the undergauge volume exceedes 2mm, the transition district taper hole step is great, the product overcoat can be rubbed with the hands and injure after the extrusion, the structure fails to realize automatic operation in the patent simultaneously, production efficiency is on the low side.
(3) The radial precompression mode of a rubber bushing squeezing die (MN 201010133169.6) belongs to axial squeezing type diameter reduction of moving workpieces, and has the problems that a tool is manually operated, the diameter reduction amount at one time is limited, the large diameter reduction amount product needs to be carried out for multiple times, the operation is complex, and the tool cost is high.
The technical problem that the cylindricity of the outer circle surface of a product is unqualified due to the large size deviation between the air direction and the real direction after diameter reduction is solved, and the invention aims to research and develop the invention.
Disclosure of Invention
The non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge reducing device and method provided by the invention can compensate the size deviation caused by the difference of resilience of rubber in the hollow direction and the real direction after reducing, reduce the reducing quantity difference between the hollow direction and the real direction of the spherical hinge, improve the cylindricity of the spherical hinge after reducing, improve the reliability and the accuracy of reducing, and have higher practicability.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge reducing device comprises a base, a chuck flap module assembly, a middle module and an upper module, wherein the base is vertically used for supporting a spherical hinge, the chuck flap module assembly is arranged on the base and can circumferentially surround the spherical hinge, the middle module is used for applying radial pressure to the chuck flap module assembly, the upper module is used for driving the middle module to lift, the middle module is sleeved on the chuck flap module assembly and is in conical surface fit with the chuck flap module assembly, the chuck flap module assembly radially compresses the spherical hinge along with the descending of the middle module, the chuck flap module assembly is formed by sequentially splicing a plurality of flap modules in the circumferential direction, the jaw flap module is composed of an air flap module and a real flap module, the air flap module radially compresses the spherical hinge in the air direction, and the real flap module radially compresses the spherical hinge in the real direction, and the radial compression amount of the air flap module to a spherical hinge rubber layer is smaller than that the real flap module radially compresses a spherical hinge rubber layer.
Preferably, two sky have one to the lamella mould between to the lamella mould, two are real to having one between the lamella mould empty to the lamella mould, empty to the inner wall of lamella mould and real smooth transition between to the inner wall of lamella mould, empty to the lamella mould constitute by a plurality of lamella mould amalgamations in proper order, the real is constituteed by a plurality of lamella mould two amalgamations in proper order to the lamella mould, the height of lamella mould one and lamella mould two, shared circular arc angle homogeneous phase are the same, the internal diameter of lamella mould one is greater than the internal diameter 0~1mm of lamella mould two.
Preferably, the number of the first petals in the air petals is odd, the circular arc angle occupied by a single first petal is larger than or equal to the circular arc angle occupied by the opening in the spherical hinge rubber layer in the circumferential direction of the rubber layer, the first petals located in the center of the air petals are aligned with the opening in the spherical hinge rubber layer in the radial direction, and the number of the second petals in the real petals is even.
Preferably, the inner conical surface of the middle die is provided with a boss, the outer wall of the chuck petal die assembly is provided with a groove corresponding to the boss, the boss is a strip-shaped protrusion from bottom to top along the inner conical surface of the middle die, and the groove is arranged on a petal die which is positioned in the middle in the hollow direction petal die and is radially aligned with the opening in the spherical hinge rubber layer.
Preferably, the chuck split mold assembly further comprises an encircling spring arranged along the circumferential direction, blind holes extending into the first split mold and the second split mold in the radial direction are formed in the outer conical surfaces of the first split mold and the second split mold, and the encircling spring is arranged in the blind holes to elastically encircle the hollow split mold and the solid split mold in the circumferential direction.
Preferably, compression spring all has between adjacent lamella mould one, adjacent lamella mould two and adjacent lamella mould one and the lamella mould two, lamella mould one and lamella mould two on all open and be used for holding compression spring's accommodation hole, the accommodation hole is established and is stretched into at the middle part of lamella mould one and lamella mould two and from the side along circumference, compression spring's resilience of resuming is greater than the elasticity of embracing the spring.
Preferably, the bottom of the middle mold is fixed with a horizontally arranged annular supporting plate, the inner diameter of the supporting plate is smaller than that of the bottom of the middle mold, the bottoms of the first flap mold and the second flap mold are respectively provided with a limiting step matched with the supporting plate, and the limiting steps are in contact with the supporting plate to limit the first flap mold and the second flap mold in the middle mold.
Preferably, the center of the base is provided with a positioning hole matched with the spherical hinge core shaft, a positioning sleeve is arranged in the positioning hole, the positioning sleeve is in clearance fit with the spherical hinge core shaft, the hardness of the positioning sleeve is smaller than that of the spherical hinge core shaft, and the base is also provided with a limiting surface capable of contacting with the supporting plate to limit the descending height of the middle die.
The non-uniform thickness rubber spherical hinge reducing method adopts the non-uniform thickness rubber spherical hinge reducing device to reduce the diameter, and comprises the following steps:
firstly, parameter determination: determining the number, the circumferential angle and the inner diameter of the hollow petals according to the hollow position of the opening, the size of the opening, the rebound rate of the rubber layer and the reducing size requirement of the spherical hinge, and determining the number and the inner diameter of the real petals according to the circumferential angle of the hollow petals, the rebound rate of the rubber layer and the reducing size requirement of the spherical hinge;
and step two, simulation verification and manufacturing: synthesizing a collet flap die assembly through simulation software according to the parameters determined in the first step to form an irregular inner hole of the collet flap die assembly, obtaining the cylindricity of the non-uniform-thickness rubber ball hinge after reducing and rebounding through the simulation software, if the obtained cylindricity meets the requirement of the cylindricity of the non-uniform-thickness rubber ball hinge after reducing, manufacturing the reducing device of the non-uniform-thickness rubber ball hinge according to the parameters determined in the first step, and if the obtained cylindricity does not meet the requirement of the cylindricity of the non-uniform-thickness rubber ball hinge after reducing, further adjusting the parameters determined in the first step until the obtained cylindricity meets the requirement of the cylindricity of the non-uniform-thickness rubber ball hinge after reducing, and manufacturing the reducing device of the non-uniform-thickness rubber ball hinge according to the adjusted parameters;
thirdly, the installation of the device and the product in place: mounting the manufactured non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge diameter reducing device on a press machine, wherein a base is fixed with a lower platform of the press machine, an upper module is fixed with an upper platform of the press machine, and then supporting the non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge on the base;
the fourth step: reducing the diameter of the product: and (3) pressing down an upper platform of the press, descending the middle die to enable the chuck flap die assembly to radially compress the spherical hinge until the middle die cannot continuously descend and maintain the pressure for 10S-50S, and then ascending the upper platform of the press to enable the chuck flap die assembly to be separated from the non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge, so that the non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge after diameter reduction is obtained.
Preferably, in the third step of installation, according to the position of the boss of the middle mold, the chuck flap mold assembly is installed in the middle mold, so that the boss is correspondingly matched with the groove, and then the placement position of the spherical hinge is adjusted on the base according to the position of the groove, so that the hole in the hollow direction of the spherical hinge is aligned with the groove in the radial direction during diameter reduction.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge reducing device has the advantages that the middle die is matched with the conical surface of the chuck flap die assembly, the descending of the middle die transmits radial pressure to the chuck flap die assembly to reduce the diameter of the spherical hinge, automatic reducing operation is realized, the automatic opening and closing of the chuck flap die assembly can be realized through the ascending and descending of the middle die, the efficiency is high, the device is suitable for batch operation, the radial compression amount of the hollow flap die to the spherical hinge rubber layer is smaller than that of the real flap die to the spherical hinge rubber layer, the size deviation caused by the rebound difference of the hollow real rubber can be compensated after reducing, the reduction difference between the hollow direction and the real direction of the spherical hinge is reduced, and the cylindricity of the spherical hinge after reducing is improved.
2. The inner diameter of the first valve in the hollow valve is larger than that of the second valve in the solid valve, the inner diameter difference between the first valve and the second valve is set according to the size of the hole in the rubber layer, the diameter reduction size of the rubber layer corresponding to the hollow valve is smaller, the diameter reduction size of the rubber layer corresponding to the solid valve is larger, the size deviation between the hollow valve and the solid valve is smaller after the spherical valve rubber layer is rebounded through the diameter reduction, the cylindricity of the spherical valve is higher, and the diameter reduction reliability is effectively improved.
3. The clamp head petal mould assembly comprises a base, a middle mould, a clamp head petal mould assembly, a groove, a base, a ball hinge support, a base, a boss, a groove, a valve mould, a valve and a valve mould.
4. The spring encircles the sky to the lamella mould and actually encircles along circumference elasticity to the lamella mould, improves the stability of the radial motion of lamella mould one and lamella mould two, can prevent effectively that lamella mould one and lamella mould two from opening and shutting the in-process slope and collapsing at chuck lamella mould assembly, set up compression spring in chuck lamella mould assembly, effectively prevent that well mould from dying with lamella mould one and lamella mould two card, improve chuck lamella mould assembly smooth and easy nature that opens and shuts, improve the structural stability and the use reliability of whole undergauge device, realize the automatic cycle operation of non-uniform thickness rubber ball pivot undergauge device.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a non-uniform-thickness rubber ball hinge in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a non-uniform thickness rubber ball hinge reducing device for reducing the diameter of a ball hinge.
Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the collet flap assembly.
Figure 5 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a collet flap assembly.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a middle mold.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the base.
FIG. 8 is a drawing of a process of reducing a spherical hinge using a non-uniform thickness rubber spherical hinge reducing device.
Detailed Description
The following describes an embodiment of the present invention in detail with reference to fig. 3 to 8.
The non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge reducing device comprises a base 1 for supporting a spherical hinge vertically, a chuck flap module assembly 2 which is arranged on the base and can circumferentially surround the spherical hinge, a middle module 3 for applying radial pressure to the chuck flap module assembly 2 and an upper module 4 for driving the middle module 3 to ascend and descend, wherein the middle module 3 is sleeved on the chuck flap module assembly 2 and is matched with the conical surface of the chuck flap module assembly 2, the chuck flap module assembly 2 radially compresses the spherical hinge along with the descending of the middle module 3, the chuck flap module assembly 2 is formed by sequentially splicing a plurality of flap modules in the circumferential direction, and the non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge reducing device is characterized in that the flap modules are an air flap module 21 for radially compressing the air direction of the spherical hinge and a real flap module 22 for radially compressing the real direction of the spherical hinge, and the radial compression amount of the air flap module 21 to the spherical hinge rubber layer is smaller than that of the real flap module 22 to the spherical hinge rubber layer.
The non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge reducing device is characterized in that the middle die 3 is matched with the conical surface of the chuck petal die assembly 2, the middle die 3 descends to the chuck petal die assembly 2 to transfer radial pressure to reduce the diameter of the spherical hinge, automatic reducing operation is realized, automatic opening and closing of the chuck petal die assembly 2 can be realized through lifting of the middle die 3, the efficiency is high, the device is suitable for batch operation, the radial compression amount of the hollow petal die 21 on the spherical hinge rubber layer is smaller than that of the real petal die 22 on the spherical hinge rubber layer, the size deviation caused by the difference of resilience of the hollow real rubber can be compensated after reducing, the difference of the diameter reduction amount of the hollow and the real spherical hinge is reduced, and the cylindricity of the spherical hinge after reducing is improved. It can be seen from fig. 3 that the chuck flap assembly 2 is disposed on the base 1, the spherical hinge is also disposed on the base 1, the middle mold 3 is in conical surface fit with the chuck flap assembly 2, when the middle mold 3 descends, the chuck flap assembly 2 generates radial pressure due to the horizontal thrust of the conical surface fit, even if the spherical hinge is radially compressed, the empty flap mold 21 and the actual flap mold 22 in the chuck flap assembly 2 generate radial motion when the spherical hinge is radially compressed, the empty flap mold 21 compresses the spherical hinge to a smaller amount of compression on the spherical hinge rubber layer, the actual flap mold 22 compresses the spherical hinge to a larger amount of compression on the spherical hinge rubber layer, when the middle mold 3 is not pressed down any more after contacting the base 1, the middle mold is moved up after maintaining the pressure for a while, the chuck flap assembly 2 is moved up with it, the spherical hinge is loosened to compress the spherical hinge rubber layer, the spherical hinge rubber layer performs a certain amount of rebound, because the thickness of the spherical hinge to a larger amount of rubber layer is more, the rubber layer in the hollow direction of the spherical hinge has smaller thickness and smaller rebound quantity, so that the space-direction compression quantity is smaller than the real-direction compression quantity during diameter reduction, the thicknesses of the rubber layers in the hollow direction and the real direction are just closer after compression and rebound, the size deviation caused by the difference of the rebound of the rubber in the hollow direction and the real direction can be compensated after diameter reduction, the difference of the diameter reduction quantity of the hollow direction and the real direction of the spherical hinge is reduced, and the cylindricity of the spherical hinge after diameter reduction is improved.
Wherein, two sky have one to the lamella mould 22 between to the lamella mould 21, two are real to having one between the lamella mould 22 empty to the lamella mould 21, empty to the inner wall of lamella mould 21 and the real smooth transition between the inner wall to lamella mould 22, empty to the lamella mould 21 constitute by a plurality of lamella mould 21.1 amalgamations in proper order, real to the lamella mould 22 constitute by a plurality of lamella mould two 22.1 amalgamations in proper order, the height of lamella mould one 21.1 and lamella mould two 22.1, shared circular arc angle homogeneous phase is the same, the internal diameter of lamella mould one 21.1 is greater than the internal diameter 0~1mm of lamella mould two 22.1. The inner diameter of a first petal mold 21.1 in the hollow petal mold 21 is larger than the inner diameter of a second petal mold 22.1 in the solid petal mold 22, the inner diameter difference between the first petal mold and the second petal mold is set according to the size of the hole in the rubber layer, the diameter reduction size of the rubber layer corresponding to the hollow direction is smaller, the diameter reduction size of the rubber layer corresponding to the solid direction is larger, the size deviation of the hollow direction and the solid direction of the spherical hinge is smaller after the spherical hinge rubber layer is rebounded through the diameter reduction, the cylindricity of the spherical hinge is higher, and the diameter reduction reliability is effectively improved. It can be seen from fig. 5 that the hollow petal 21 is formed by sequentially splicing three petals one 21.1, the solid petal 22 is formed by sequentially splicing two petals two 22.1, the number of the hollow petal 21 and the solid petal 22 is two, and the radius of the petal one 21.1 can be determined according to the size of the hole opened in the hollow direction of the spherical hinge, the hardness of the rubber and the diameter reduction requirement of the spherical hinge when the radius of the petal one 21.1 is designed. The inner wall of the hollow petal mould 21 and the inner wall of the solid petal mould 22 are in smooth transition, so that the hollow petal mould 21 and the solid petal mould 22 form a straight transition, and the appearance and cylindricity of the reduced spherical hinge are not influenced.
The number of the first petals 21.1 in the air direction petals 21 is odd, the arc angle occupied by a single first petal 21.1 is larger than or equal to the arc angle occupied by the opening in the spherical hinge rubber layer in the circumferential direction of the rubber layer, the first petals 21.1 in the air direction petals 21, which are positioned in the middle, are aligned with the opening in the spherical hinge rubber layer in the radial direction, and the number of the second petals 22.1 in the real direction petals 22 is even. In fig. 5, the number of the first petals 21.1 in the hollow directional petals is three, the number of the second petals 22.1 in the real directional petals 22 is two, the first petals 21.1 positioned in the middle of the hollow directional petals are aligned with the holes in the spherical hinge rubber layer in the radial direction, the same number of the first petals 21.1 are respectively arranged on two sides of the first petals 21.1 positioned in the middle, the hole positions of the spherical hinge and two sides close to the hole positions can be guaranteed to be synchronously compressed, the real direction of the spherical hinge is synchronously compressed by the second petals 22.1, the compression of the rubber layer can be smoothly transited from the hollow direction to the real direction, and the cylindricity of the spherical hinge after diameter reduction is improved.
The inner conical surface of the middle die 3 is provided with a boss 31, the outer wall of the chuck split die assembly 2 is provided with a groove 23 corresponding to the boss 31, the boss 31 is a strip-shaped protrusion from bottom to top along the inner conical surface of the middle die 3, and the groove 23 is arranged on a split die I21.1 which is positioned in the middle of the hollow split die 21 and is radially aligned with an opening in the spherical hinge rubber layer. Set up boss 31 on the inner conical surface of well mould 3, set up recess 23 on the outer wall of chuck lamella mould assembly 2, prevent each lamella mould along the skew of circumference through the cooperation of boss 31 and recess 23, realize the circumferential positioning of chuck lamella mould assembly 2 and well mould 3, and recess 31 sets up in the cavity to on the lamella mould 21.1 that is located the centre in the lamella mould 21, and radially align with the trompil in the spherical hinge rubber layer, the spherical hinge supports on base 1 can be according to recess 23 and boss 31 position, align the spherical hinge cavity to the cavity lamella mould 21 position, the spherical hinge is actually aligned to the real lamella mould 22 position, provide the position direction for the placing of spherical hinge before the undergauge, guarantee to the lamella mould compression spherical hinge cavity when undergauge, and real lamella mould compression spherical hinge real to, improve the reliability and the accuracy of undergauge, increase the practicality of undergauge device.
The chuck split mold assembly 2 further comprises an encircling spring 24 arranged along the circumferential direction, blind holes K extending in the radial direction are formed in the outer conical surfaces of the first split mold 21.1 and the second split mold 22.1, and the encircling spring 24 is arranged in the blind holes K to elastically encircle the hollow split mold 21 and the real split mold 22 along the circumferential direction.
All have compression spring 25 between adjacent lamella mould 21.1, two adjacent lamella moulds 22.1 and adjacent lamella mould 21.1 and two lamella moulds 22.1, lamella mould 21.1 and two lamella moulds 22.1 on all open and be used for holding compression spring 25's accommodation hole L, accommodation hole L establishes and stretches into at the middle part of lamella mould 21.1 and two lamella moulds 22.1 and from the side along circumference, compression spring 25's resilience is greater than the elasticity of embracing spring 24.
As shown in fig. 5, B-a, a-J and J-I, G-F, F-E and E-D are the first petals 21.1, D-C and C-B, G-H and H-I are the second petals 22.1, compression springs 25 are arranged between the first adjacent petals 21.1, the second adjacent petals 22.1, the first adjacent petals 21.1 and the second adjacent petals 22.1, and the surrounding springs 24 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the whole collet petal assembly 2, the compression springs 25 are springs in a compressed state, the compression springs 25 cannot overcome the pressure of the dimensional surface fit in the diameter reduction process, the collet petal assembly 2 is clamped, the middle mold rises after the diameter reduction is completed, the pressure of the middle mold 3 on the collet petal assembly 2 is eliminated, the first adjacent petals 21.1 and the second adjacent petals 22.1 are expanded due to the restoring force of the compression springs 25, the first petals 21.1 and the second petals 22.1 move downward relative to the middle mold 3 due to the action of gravity, the adjacent first split mold 22.1 and the second split mold 22.1 are separated outwards in the radial direction, the clamping force for the spherical hinge disappears, the spherical hinge can be remained on the base 1, the chuck split mold assembly 2 can ascend along with the ascending of the middle mold 3, the compression spring 25 is arranged to enable the adjacent first split mold 22.1 and the second split mold 22.1 to be separated in time when the middle mold ascends after reducing the diameter, the first split mold 22.1 and the second split mold 22.1 are not blocked in the middle mold 3 due to the conical surface fit pressure, the opening and closing smoothness of the chuck split mold assembly 2 is ensured, the encircling spring 24 encircles the chuck split mold assembly 2 in the circumferential direction, a certain buffer force is provided when the adjacent first split mold 22.1 and the second split mold 22.1 are separated outwards in the radial direction, the radial movement of the first split mold 22.1 and the second split mold 22.1 is restrained, the stability of the radial movement of the first split mold 21.1 and the second split mold 22.1 is improved, the reliability of the inclined opening and closing and use of the whole device is improved, the automatic circulation operation of the non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge reducing device is realized.
Wherein, well mould 3 bottom be fixed with the annular layer board 32 of level setting, layer board 32 internal diameter be less than the internal diameter of well mould 3 bottom, the bottom of lamella one 21.1 and lamella two 22.1 all has with the spacing step M of layer board 32 complex, spacing step M and layer board 32 contact are with the restriction of lamella one 21.1 and lamella two 22.1 in well mould 3. The layer board 32 is spacing to the downstream of chuck lamella mould assembly 2 for well mould 3, and spacing step M contacts with layer board 32, and chuck lamella mould assembly 2 can not continue downstream for well mould 3, prevents that chuck lamella mould assembly 2 from deviating from well mould 3, and through the contact of layer board 32 and base 1, the descending height of mould 3 in the restriction simultaneously avoids the ball pivot to press because of the undergauge is crossed the limit.
In the base, the central position of base 1 have with ball pivot spindle complex locating hole 11, have position sleeve 12 in the locating hole 11, position sleeve 12 and ball pivot clearance fit, and hardness is less than the hardness of ball pivot spindle, still have on the base 1 can contact with layer board 32 and carry out spacing to well mould 3 descending height. The locating sleeve 12 is used for ensuring that the down pressure in the reducing process can not damage the core shaft of the spherical hinge, and the limiting sleeve 13 is matched with the supporting plate 32, so that the pressing height of the middle die can be limited, the reducing of the spherical hinge is limited, and the over-limit of the reducing of the spherical hinge is avoided.
As shown in fig. 8, the process of reducing the diameter of the spherical hinge by using the non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge diameter reducing device comprises the following steps:
before use, the non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge diameter reducing device is arranged between an upper platform and a lower platform of a press, and a supporting plate 32 is in contact with a base 1 as shown in I in figure 8; then the upper platform of the press is moved upwards to lift the middle die, and the chuck split die assembly 2 is lowered to be in contact with the supporting plate 32 and is in an open state, as shown in II in FIG. 8; then, a spherical hinge is placed on the base 1 and is vertically arranged through the support of the base 1, as shown in III in FIG. 8; then, the upper platform of the press is moved downwards to enable the middle die to descend, the chuck split die assembly 2 is folded along with the descending of the middle die to be in contact with the spherical hinge sleeve, the spherical hinge is radially compressed along with the further descending of the middle die 3 until the supporting plate 32 is in contact with the base 1, and the pressure is maintained for a period of time, so that the rubber layer in the spherical hinge is effectively compressed, as shown in IV in fig. 8; when the pressure is maintained, the upper platform of the press machine is lifted to lift the middle die, the chuck flap die assembly 2 is opened along with the lifting of the middle die to eliminate the pressure on the spherical hinge, the chuck flap die assembly 2 is separated from the spherical hinge along with the lifting of the middle die 3, and the spherical hinge after the ball is reduced in diameter can be taken away from the base 1, as shown in V in fig. 8; and (3) placing a spherical hinge to be reduced on the base 1, and lowering the upper platform of the press machine to reduce the diameter of the spherical hinge for another round.
The invention also provides a reducing method of the non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge, which adopts the reducing device of the non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge to reduce the diameter, and comprises the following steps:
firstly, parameter determination: determining the number, the circumferential angle and the inner diameter of the hollow petals 21 according to the hollow position, the size, the rebound rate of the rubber layer and the diameter reduction size requirement of the spherical hinge, and determining the number and the inner diameter of the real petals 22 according to the circumferential angle, the rebound rate and the diameter reduction size requirement of the hollow petals 21, the rubber layer and the spherical hinge;
and step two, simulation verification and manufacturing: synthesizing the collet flap mold assembly 2 through simulation software according to the parameters determined in the first step to form an irregular inner hole of the collet flap mold assembly 2, obtaining the cylindricity of the non-uniform-thickness rubber ball hinge after reducing and rebounding through the simulation software, manufacturing a reducing device of the non-uniform-thickness rubber ball hinge according to the parameters determined in the first step if the obtained cylindricity meets the requirement of the cylindricity of the non-uniform-thickness rubber ball hinge after reducing, and further adjusting the parameters determined in the first step until the obtained cylindricity meets the requirement of the cylindricity of the non-uniform-thickness rubber ball hinge after reducing, and manufacturing the reducing device of the non-uniform-thickness rubber ball hinge according to the adjusted parameters;
thirdly, the installation of the device and the product in place: mounting the manufactured non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge diameter reducing device on a press machine, wherein a base 1 is fixed with a lower platform of the press machine, an upper module 4 is fixed with an upper platform of the press machine, and then supporting the non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge on the base;
the fourth step: reducing the diameter of the product: and (3) pressing down an upper platform of the press, descending the middle die 3 to enable the chuck split die assembly 2 to radially compress the spherical hinge until the middle die 3 cannot continuously descend and maintain the pressure for 10S-50S, and then ascending the upper platform of the press to enable the chuck split die assembly 2 to be separated from the non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge, so that the non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge after diameter reduction is obtained.
In the third step of installation, the collet flap module assembly 2 is installed in the middle mold 3 according to the position of the boss 31 of the middle mold 3, so that the boss 31 is correspondingly matched with the groove 32, and then the placement position of the spherical hinge is adjusted on the base 1 according to the position of the groove 32, so that the hole of the spherical hinge in the hollow direction is aligned with the groove 32 in the radial direction during diameter reduction.
The descending of the middle die in the non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge reducing method transfers radial pressure to the chuck petal die assembly to reduce the diameter of the spherical hinge, automatic reducing operation is realized, automatic opening and closing of the chuck petal die assembly can be realized through the ascending and descending of the middle die, the efficiency is high, the method is suitable for batch operation, the radial compression amount of the hollow petal die to the spherical hinge rubber layer is smaller than that of the real petal die to the spherical hinge rubber layer, the size deviation caused by the rebound difference of the hollow real rubber can be compensated after reducing, the reducing amount difference of the hollow real spherical hinge and the spherical hinge after reducing the diameter is improved, and the cylindricity of the spherical hinge after reducing the diameter is improved. The ball hinge supports on the base and can align the empty direction of the ball hinge with the empty direction of the valve mould according to the positions of the groove and the boss, the real direction of the ball hinge is aligned with the real direction of the valve mould, the direction guide is provided for the placement of the ball hinge before reducing, the empty direction of the ball hinge compressed by the valve mould during reducing is ensured, the real direction of the ball hinge compressed by the valve mould is ensured, and the reliability and the accuracy of reducing are improved.
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are fully described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be noted that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge reducing device comprises a base (1) for supporting a spherical hinge vertically, a chuck flap module assembly (2) which is arranged on the base and can circumferentially surround the spherical hinge, a middle module (3) for applying radial pressure to the chuck flap module assembly (2) and an upper module (4) for driving the middle module (3) to lift, wherein the middle module (3) is sleeved on the chuck flap module assembly (2) and is matched with the conical surface of the chuck flap module assembly (2), the chuck flap module assembly (2) radially compresses the spherical hinge along with the descending of the middle module (3), the chuck flap module assembly (2) is formed by sequentially splicing a plurality of flap modules in the circumferential direction, the spherical hinge is characterized in that the petals are divided into an air petal (21) for radially compressing the air direction of the spherical hinge and a real petal (22) for radially compressing the real direction of the spherical hinge, and the radial compression amount of the air petal (21) on the spherical hinge rubber layer is smaller than that of the real petal (22) on the spherical hinge rubber layer;
two sky have one to valvular mould (22) between to valvular mould (21), two are real to having one between valvular mould (22) empty to valvular mould (21), empty to smooth transition between the inner wall of valvular mould (21) and the inner wall of real to valvular mould (22), empty to valvular mould (21) constitute by a plurality of valvular mould one (21.1) amalgamation in proper order, really constitute by a plurality of valvular mould two (22.1) amalgamations in proper order to valvular mould (22), the height of valvular mould one (21.1) and valvular mould two (22.1), shared circular arc angle are all the same, the internal diameter of valvular mould one (21.1) is greater than the internal diameter 0~1mm of valvular mould two (22.1).
2. The reducing device for the non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge of claim 1, wherein the number of the first petals (21.1) in the hollow petals (21) is odd, the arc angle occupied by the single first petals (21.1) is larger than or equal to the arc angle occupied by the opening in the spherical hinge rubber layer in the circumferential direction of the rubber layer, the first petals (21.1) in the hollow petals (21) which are positioned in the center are radially aligned with the opening in the spherical hinge rubber layer, and the number of the second petals (22.1) in the solid petals (22) is even.
3. The diameter reducing device for the non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge according to claim 2, characterized in that a boss (31) is arranged on an inner conical surface of the middle die (3), a groove (23) corresponding to the boss (31) is arranged on an outer wall of the collet petal die assembly (2), the boss (31) is a strip-shaped protrusion from bottom to top along the inner conical surface of the middle die (3), and the groove (23) is arranged on a petal die I (21.1) located at the center in the hollow petal die (21) and is radially aligned with the opening in the spherical hinge rubber layer.
4. The reducing device for the non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge according to claim 2, wherein the chuck split mold assembly (2) further comprises an encircling spring (24) arranged along the circumferential direction, blind holes (K) extending in the radial direction are formed in the outer conical surfaces of the first split mold (21.1) and the second split mold (22.1), and the encircling spring (24) is arranged in the blind holes (K) to elastically encircle the hollow split mold (21) and the solid split mold (22) along the circumferential direction.
5. The non-uniform thickness rubber ball hinge diameter reducing device according to claim 4, wherein compression springs (25) are arranged between the adjacent first split mold (21.1), the adjacent second split mold (22.1) and the adjacent first split mold (21.1) and second split mold (22.1), the first split mold (21.1) and the second split mold (22.1) are provided with accommodating holes (L) for accommodating the compression springs (25), the accommodating holes (L) are formed in the middle of the first split mold (21.1) and the second split mold (22.1) and extend into the middle from the side surface along the circumferential direction, and the restoring elastic force of the compression springs (25) is greater than the elastic force of the encircling springs (24).
6. The non-uniform thickness rubber ball hinge diameter reducing device according to claim 1, characterized in that a horizontally arranged annular supporting plate (32) is fixed at the bottom of the middle mold (3), the inner diameter of the supporting plate (32) is smaller than that of the bottom of the middle mold (3), the bottoms of the first flap mold (21.1) and the second flap mold (22.1) are respectively provided with a limiting step (M) matched with the supporting plate (32), and the limiting steps (M) are contacted with the supporting plate (32) to limit the first flap mold (21.1) and the second flap mold (22.1) in the middle mold (3).
7. The diameter reducing device for the non-uniform-thickness rubber ball hinge is characterized in that a positioning hole (11) matched with a ball hinge core shaft is formed in the center of the base (1), a positioning sleeve (12) is arranged in the positioning hole (11), the positioning sleeve (12) is in clearance fit with the ball hinge core shaft, the hardness of the positioning sleeve is smaller than that of the ball hinge core shaft, and a limiting surface (13) capable of being in contact with a supporting plate (32) to limit the descending height of the middle die (3) is further arranged on the base (1).
8. The method for reducing the non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge adopts the non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge reducing device of any one of claims 1 to 7 to reduce the diameter, and comprises the following steps:
firstly, parameter determination: determining the number, the circumferential angle and the inner diameter of the hollow petals (21) according to the hollow position of the hole in the spherical hinge, the size of the hole, the rebound rate of the rubber layer and the diameter reduction size requirement of the spherical hinge, and determining the number and the inner diameter of the real petals (22) according to the circumferential angle of the hollow petals (21), the rebound rate of the rubber layer and the diameter reduction size requirement of the spherical hinge;
and step two, simulation verification and manufacturing: synthesizing a collet flap mold assembly (2) through simulation software according to the parameters determined in the first step to form an irregular inner hole of the collet flap mold assembly (2), obtaining the cylindricity of the non-uniform-thickness rubber ball hinge after diameter reduction and rebound through the simulation software, if the obtained cylindricity meets the requirement of the cylindricity of the non-uniform-thickness rubber ball hinge after diameter reduction, manufacturing a diameter reducing device of the non-uniform-thickness rubber ball hinge according to the parameters determined in the first step, if the obtained cylindricity does not meet the requirement of the cylindricity of the non-uniform-thickness rubber ball hinge after diameter reduction, further adjusting the parameters determined in the first step until the obtained cylindricity meets the requirement of the cylindricity of the non-uniform-thickness rubber ball hinge after diameter reduction, and manufacturing the diameter reducing device of the non-uniform-thickness rubber ball hinge according to the adjusted parameters;
thirdly, the installation of the device and the product in place: mounting the manufactured non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge diameter reducing device on a press machine, wherein a base (1) is fixed with a lower platform of the press machine, an upper module (4) is fixed with an upper platform of the press machine, and then supporting the non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge on the base;
the fourth step: reducing the diameter of the product: and (3) pressing down an upper platform of the press, descending the middle die (3) to enable the chuck flap die assembly (2) to radially compress the spherical hinge until the middle die (3) cannot continuously descend and maintain the pressure for 10S-50S, and then ascending the upper platform of the press to enable the chuck flap die assembly (2) to be separated from the non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge, so that the non-uniform-thickness rubber spherical hinge after diameter reduction is obtained.
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