CN111685120B - Method for preventing and controlling seedling stage diseases of elaeagnus pungens - Google Patents
Method for preventing and controlling seedling stage diseases of elaeagnus pungens Download PDFInfo
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- CN111685120B CN111685120B CN202010606357.XA CN202010606357A CN111685120B CN 111685120 B CN111685120 B CN 111685120B CN 202010606357 A CN202010606357 A CN 202010606357A CN 111685120 B CN111685120 B CN 111685120B
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- fluazinam
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/12—Powders or granules
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/54—1,3-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazines
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preventing and controlling seedling diseases of elaeagnus conferta roxb, which is characterized in that a sterilization composition is applied to the seedling stage of elaeagnus conferta roxb, active ingredients of the sterilization composition consist of amino-oligosaccharin, azoxystrobin and fluazinam, and the weight ratio of the amino-oligosaccharin to the azoxystrobin to the fluazinam is 1-30: 1-10. The invention is used for preventing and treating diseases caused by fusarium in the seedling stage of the wood milk fruit, has obvious synergistic effect, can delay the generation of drug resistance of the medicament, saves time and labor and improves the efficiency of agricultural production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural prevention and control, in particular to a method for preventing and controlling seedling-stage diseases of elaeagnus conferta roxb, which is mainly used for preventing and controlling the diseases of elaeagnus conferta roxb in the seedling stage of elaeagnus conferta roxb.
Background
The akebia fruit (Baccau reaaramifora Lour.) is an evergreen arbor of akebia of Euphorbiaceae, is an excellent and rare tropical fruit tree integrating edible fruits, medicine and garden appreciation, and has wide development prospect. The elaeagnus conferta roxb likes a cool and humid environment, the elaeagnus conferta roxb is weak in seedling stage growth, and is easily invaded by germs under the environment condition, and the seedlings with the low age within 1 year of seedling stage are easily invaded by germs, particularly the fusarium. The leaves of the damaged seedlings have disease spots, wilting and falling off, the stems of the damaged seedlings become black after being infected by germs, and even the whole seedlings die due to dry up, so that great harm is caused to the breeding of the seedlings. At present, no scientific research institution carries out systematic and complete research on the generation and control of the diseases of the milk fruit in the seedling stage at home.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preventing and controlling the seedling diseases of the elaeagnus conferta roxb, which is mainly used for preventing and controlling the diseases caused by fusarium in the seedling stage of the elaeagnus conferta roxb.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for preventing and controlling seedling diseases of a pawpaw comprises the step of applying a sterilization composition in the seedling stage of the pawpaw, wherein the active ingredients of the sterilization composition comprise amino-oligosaccharide, azoxystrobin and fluazinam, and the weight ratio of the amino-oligosaccharide, the azoxystrobin and the fluazinam is 1-30: 1-10.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the amino-oligosaccharide, the azoxystrobin and the fluazinam in the bactericidal composition is 20:1: 8.
The bactericidal composition comprises 0.5-6 wt% of amino-oligosaccharide, 0.05-0.5 wt% of azoxystrobin and 0.5-3 wt% of fluazinam.
The bactericidal composition is used for preventing and controlling diseases caused by fusarium in the seedling stage of the wood milk fruit.
(1) Amino-oligosaccharin is oligosaccharide with D-aminoglucose connected by beta-1.4 glycosidic bond, which is prepared by degrading chitin to obtain chitosan and then degrading, or is prepared by extracting low-toxicity bactericide by microbial fermentation. It can inhibit the growth of some pathogenic bacteria, influence the germination of fungal spore, induce the variation of hypha form and change of spore biochemical state. Can excite the gene in the plant body, produce chitinase, glucanase, preservative, PR protein and the like with disease-resistant function, has the function of activating cells, is beneficial to the recovery of the damaged plant, promotes the roots and the seedlings, enhances the stress resistance of crops, and promotes the growth and the development of the plants. The amino-oligosaccharin not only has strong preventing and curing and eradicating functions on fungi, bacteria and viruses, but also has the effects of nutrition, regulation, detoxification and antibiosis. Can be widely used for preventing and treating mosaic disease, lobular disease, spot disease, anthracnose, downy mildew, epidemic disease, gummy stem blight, yellow dwarf disease, rice blast, bacterial wilt, soft rot and other diseases caused by viruses, bacteria and fungi of fruit trees, vegetables, underground rhizomes, tobacco, traditional Chinese medicinal materials and grain and cotton crops.
(2) The azoxystrobin and Strobilurin bactericidal pesticide has high efficiency and broad spectrum, and has good activity on almost all fungal diseases (Ascomycotina, Basidiomycotina, flagellata and Deuteromycotina) such as powdery mildew, rust disease, rice blast and the like. Can be used for stem leaf spraying, seed treatment, and soil treatment, and is mainly used for grain, rice, peanut, grape, potato, fruit tree, vegetable, coffee, lawn, etc.
(3) Fluazinam, pyridylamine derivatives and dinitroaniline bactericides are broad-spectrum and efficient protective bactericides. Is very effective against alternaria, phytophthora, plasmopara, sclerotinia and cladosporium. It is resistant to rain wash and has long residual effect period. In addition, it also has the function of controlling phytophagous mites.
The bactericidal composition can be prepared into pesticide granule formulations. Besides the active ingredients, the pesticide composition also comprises auxiliary agents, wherein the auxiliary agents are fillers, dispersing agents, wetting agents, binding agents, stabilizing agents or other substances beneficial to the stabilization and the drug effect exertion of the active ingredients in the preparation, and are various ingredients which are commonly used or allowed to be used in the pesticide preparation.
The invention has the following advantages and obvious technical effects:
(1) the active ingredients of the invention have different action mechanisms, are mixed with each other to achieve obvious synergistic effect, can greatly improve the drug effect, is beneficial to delaying the potential resistance risk of the existing germs to a single medicament, and prolongs the service cycle of the medicament.
(2) The pesticide granules prepared by the method can be applied in time at the seeding stage, transplanting stage, ridging stage and early disease occurrence stage of crops, do not need to be added with water, save time and labor and improve the efficiency of agricultural production.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme and technical effect of the invention are further illustrated by the following specific examples, wherein the percentages are weight percentages.
85% amino-oligosaccharin raw material, registration certificate number: PD20130597, available from Onggaku GmbH in Hainan Zhengchang.
95% azoxystrobin technical, registration certificate number: PD20121519, Nanjing Red Sun, Inc., available commercially.
98% of fluazinam technical material, registration certificate number: PD20160897, Nanjing Red Sun, Inc., commercially available.
First, indoor potting test
Test subjects: fusarium is obtained by collecting infected parts of diseased plants and separating and purifying pathogenic bacteria through the growth tracking survey of the seedling stage of the wood milk fruit.
(1) Preparing fusarium infection liquid: inoculating Fusarium into a triangular flask containing Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) culture solution, and shaking in a constant temperature shaking table at 28 deg.C at 150rpm for 4 days to obtain thallus infection solution with thallus concentration of 0.25 g/ml.
(2) Preparation of each medicament: dissolving the amino-oligosaccharin, the azoxystrobin, the fluazinam and the mixed combination thereof by using acetone, and diluting by using clear water to prepare a test medicament.
Test groups 1-2: weighing amino-oligosaccharin, dissolving in clear water, wherein the weight percentage of the amino-oligosaccharin is 1.5%, obtaining 1.5% amino-oligosaccharin solution, and diluting with clear water by 150 times and 300 times respectively.
Test groups 3 to 4: the azoxystrobin is weighed and dissolved in an acetone solution, the weight percentage of the azoxystrobin is 1.5 percent, and azoxystrobin solution with the concentration of 1.5 percent is obtained and is respectively diluted by 150 times and 300 times by clear water.
Test groups 5-6: weighing fluazinam, dissolving the fluazinam in an acetone solution, wherein the weight percentage of the fluazinam is 1.5%, obtaining a 1.5% fluazinam solution, and diluting the fluazinam solution by 150 times and 300 times respectively with clear water.
Test groups 7-8: the amino-oligosaccharin, the azoxystrobin and the fluazinam are respectively weighed and dissolved in an acetone solution, the weight percentages of the amino-oligosaccharin, the azoxystrobin and the fluazinam are respectively 2%, 0.05% and 1%, and 3.05% mixed solution is obtained and is respectively diluted by 300 times and 600 times by using clear water.
Test groups 9-10: the amino-oligosaccharin, the azoxystrobin and the fluazinam are respectively weighed and dissolved in an acetone solution, the weight percentages of the amino-oligosaccharin, the azoxystrobin and the fluazinam are respectively 3%, 0.1% and 1%, 4.1% mixed solution is obtained, and the mixed solution is diluted by 400 times and 800 times respectively with clear water.
Test groups 11-12: the amino-oligosaccharin, the azoxystrobin and the fluazinam are respectively weighed and dissolved in an acetone solution, the weight percentages of the amino-oligosaccharin, the azoxystrobin and the fluazinam are respectively 2%, 0.1% and 0.8%, 2.9% of mixed agent solution is obtained, and the mixed agent solution is respectively diluted by 300 times and 600 times by using clear water.
Test groups 13-14: the amino-oligosaccharin, the azoxystrobin and the fluazinam are respectively weighed and dissolved in an acetone solution, the weight percentages of the amino-oligosaccharin, the azoxystrobin and the fluazinam are respectively 0.5%, 0.5% and 0.5%, 1.5% of mixed agent solution is obtained, and the mixed agent solution is respectively diluted by 150 times and 300 times by using clear water.
(3) Soaking the Elaeagnus umbellata seeds in warm water at 45 deg.C for 10 hr, and screening out submerged and plump mature seeds. And (3) sowing the fully sunk mature seeds in a sowing substrate of a sterile seedling tray (the sowing substrate is formed by uniformly mixing peat soil, river sand and fresh coffee grounds according to the volume ratio of 7: 2: 1), wherein the sowing depth is 1-2 cm, and spraying atomized water until water seeps out from a water hole below the seedling tray. Placing the seedling-raising tray in a seedling-raising shed, and keeping the relative humidity of air at 70% and the temperature at 25-30 ℃. Seeds germinate after seeding for about 20 days, seedlings are transplanted into a nutrition pot filled with sterilized nutrient soil after the seeds germinate for 30 days, and the seedlings of the Elaeagnus umbellata are potted for testing after 20 days of transplantation.
(4) Healthy seedlings of ficus carica were randomly assigned to test groups 1-14 and blank control groups, each of which had 15 seedlings potted, as shown in table 1. Injecting the fusarium infection liquid into the rhizosphere soil of each milk fruit seedling pot by using an injector in equal amount. After being diluted by clear water according to requirements, the test agents of all groups are respectively and uniformly sprayed in the potting soil by a small-sized sprayer and are sprayed to be wet. And checking the conditions of each potted seedling after 20 days, and recording the number of diseased plants so as to calculate the disease rate and the control effect.
TABLE 1 potted plant test result analysis table
As can be seen from Table 1, the weight ratio of the amino-oligosaccharide, the azoxystrobin and the fluazinam is 1-30: 1-10, and the obtained mixture shows obvious disease-resistant effect on Fusarium solani. Wherein, when the weight ratio of the amino-oligosaccharin to the azoxystrobin to the fluazinam is 20:1:8, the effect is remarkable.
Second, preparation example
Example 1: 2% amino-oligosaccharin 0.1% azoxystrobin 0.8% fluazinam granules
The formula is as follows: according to the weight ratio of the amino-oligosaccharin to the azoxystrobin to the fluazinam of 20:1:8, 2% of the amino-oligosaccharin, 0.1% of the azoxystrobin, 0.8% of the fluazinam, 3% of sodium lignosulfonate (dispersing agent), 2.5% of sodium dodecyl sulfate (wetting agent), 3.6% of polyvinyl alcohol (binder), 15.0% of white carbon black (filler) and the balance of kaolin (filler) to 100% are weighed according to the weight ratio.
Example 2: 5% amino-oligosaccharin 0.5% azoxystrobin 2.5% fluazinam granules
The formula is as follows: according to the weight ratio of the amino-oligosaccharide, the azoxystrobin and the fluazinam of 10: 1: 5, 5% of the amino-oligosaccharide, 0.5% of the azoxystrobin, 2.5% of the fluazinam, 5.5% of the carboxymethyl cellulose (dispersing agent), 5.0% of the sodium dodecyl sulfate (wetting agent), 6% of the polyvinyl alcohol (binder) and the kaolin (filler) are weighed up to 100%.
The preparation method of the above example 1 and example 2 was prepared: fully mixing the components according to the formula proportion, crushing, adding water for wetting, fully and uniformly stirring, granulating by using a screw extrusion granulator, drying and sieving to obtain the pesticide granules.
Third, field drug effect test
And (3) testing: the embodiment of the formula is applied to preventing and treating diseases caused by fusarium in the seedling stage of the elaeagnus pungens.
And (3) experimental design: the test was conducted in 3 treatment groups, 2 of which were each applied with the pesticide granules of example 1 and example 2 prepared as described above, and the other treatment group was a blank control group (CK) to which no pesticide granules were applied, and the groups were randomly arranged for 3 repetitions of treatment.
The test method comprises the following steps: the plots with severe fusarium in seedling stage of the continuous cropping wood milk fruit were selected, and the prepared pesticide granules of example 1 and example 2 were uniformly scattered in the seedling holes, and the blank control group (CK) did not apply any pesticide granules. Transplanting the cultured healthy wood milk fruit seedlings into the seedling holes, wherein 30 seedlings are treated in each treatment group, the soil humidity is kept consistent in each treatment, and other farming operations are normally carried out.
The investigation method comprises the following steps: after applying the medicine for 25 days, all stems and leaves of each treatment group are checked, the disease condition is recorded, and the disease index and the prevention and treatment effect are calculated.
The disease grading standard is as follows:
level 0: no disease;
level 1: the stem of the seedling is normal, the leaf has scabs, and the area of the scabs accounts for less than 15% of the whole leaf area;
and 3, level: when the stem of the seedling is blackened by less than 2cm, the leaf has disease spots, the disease spot area accounts for more than 15% of the whole leaf area or the leaf has recoverable wilting, and the leaf occasionally falls off;
and 5, stage: the stem of the seedling is blackened by more than 2cm, and the leaf can not be recovered and wilted or the leaf falls off obviously;
and 7, stage: the stem of the seedling becomes black and is contracted, and the leaves are completely fallen off or the plant is wilted except the growing point;
and 9, stage: the plants died.
The calculation method of disease index and prevention and treatment effect comprises the following steps:
formula (1): the disease index calculation formula is as follows:
in formula (1): x-disease index; n is a radical ofi-number of diseased plants at each level; i-relative grade value; n-survey total number of plants.
Formula (2): the prevention and treatment effect calculation formula is as follows:
in formula (2): p-control effect; CK (CK)1-disease index after drug administration in placebo zone; PT1-disease index after drug treatment area application.
TABLE 2 field efficacy test of amino-oligosaccharin, azoxystrobin and fluazinam and their combinations for controlling Fusarium solani
As can be seen from the table 2, the sterilization composition compounded by the amino-oligosaccharide, the azoxystrobin and the fluazinam can effectively prevent and treat the infection of fusarium in the seedling stage of the ficus carica, and has obvious prevention and treatment effects. And when the weight ratio of the amino-oligosaccharin to the azoxystrobin to the fluazinam is 20:1:8, the control effect is remarkable. Meanwhile, the mixing of the three components can also delay the generation of drug resistance of germs and improve the prevention and treatment effect. The bactericidal composition has no obvious adverse effect on test crops, has good safety and meets the safety requirement of pesticide preparations.
Claims (4)
1. A method for preventing and controlling fusarium infection diseases in the seedling stage of ficus carica is characterized in that a sterilization composition is applied in the seedling stage of ficus carica, active ingredients of the sterilization composition consist of amino-oligosaccharide, azoxystrobin and fluazinam, and the weight ratio of the amino-oligosaccharide to the azoxystrobin to the fluazinam is 1-30:1: 1-10.
2. The prevention and control method according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the amino-oligosaccharide, azoxystrobin and fluazinam is 20:1: 8.
3. The prevention and control method according to claim 1, wherein the weight percentage of the amino-oligosaccharide is 0.5-6%, the weight percentage of azoxystrobin is 0.05-0.5%, and the weight percentage of fluazinam is 0.5-3%.
4. The prevention and control method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bactericidal composition is prepared as a granular pesticide.
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| CN101984817A (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2011-03-16 | 江阴苏利科技有限公司 | Bactericidal composition containing azoxystrobin and fluazinam and use thereof |
| CN102119689A (en) * | 2010-01-08 | 2011-07-13 | 南京华洲药业有限公司 | Bactericidal composition containing fluazinam and azoxystrobin and application of same |
| CN102150656A (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2011-08-17 | 北京颖新泰康国际贸易有限公司 | Bactericide composition, preparation and application thereof |
| CN103598188A (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2014-02-26 | 陕西康禾立丰生物科技药业有限公司 | Azoxystrobin-containing pesticide composition |
| CN103702563A (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2014-04-02 | 石原产业株式会社 | Agricultural or horticultural fungicide composition and method for controlling plant pathogen |
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- 2020-06-29 CN CN202010606357.XA patent/CN111685120B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102119689A (en) * | 2010-01-08 | 2011-07-13 | 南京华洲药业有限公司 | Bactericidal composition containing fluazinam and azoxystrobin and application of same |
| CN101836633A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2010-09-22 | 深圳市朗钛生物科技有限公司 | Pesticide composition containing amino-oligosaccharide and kresoxim-methyl and use method and application thereof |
| CN101984817A (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2011-03-16 | 江阴苏利科技有限公司 | Bactericidal composition containing azoxystrobin and fluazinam and use thereof |
| CN102150656A (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2011-08-17 | 北京颖新泰康国际贸易有限公司 | Bactericide composition, preparation and application thereof |
| CN103702563A (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2014-04-02 | 石原产业株式会社 | Agricultural or horticultural fungicide composition and method for controlling plant pathogen |
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Application publication date: 20200922 Assignee: Guangxi Guinong Precision Farming Agricultural Technology Service Co.,Ltd. Assignor: SOUTH ASIAN TROPICAL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE Research Institute OF GUANGXI Contract record no.: X2022450000269 Denomination of invention: A method of prevention and control of seedling disease of kiwifruit Granted publication date: 20211026 License type: Common License Record date: 20221207 |
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