CN111673898A - Process for producing sintered heat-preservation building blocks and gravels by using building residue soil - Google Patents
Process for producing sintered heat-preservation building blocks and gravels by using building residue soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN111673898A CN111673898A CN202010548513.1A CN202010548513A CN111673898A CN 111673898 A CN111673898 A CN 111673898A CN 202010548513 A CN202010548513 A CN 202010548513A CN 111673898 A CN111673898 A CN 111673898A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011504 laterite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001710 laterite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 loess Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B17/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping
- B28B17/02—Conditioning the material prior to shaping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/1305—Organic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/131—Inorganic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1324—Recycled material, e.g. tile dust, stone waste, spent refractory material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/77—Density
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
- C04B2235/9607—Thermal properties, e.g. thermal expansion coefficient
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/58—Construction or demolition [C&D] waste
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a process for producing sintered heat-preservation building blocks and gravels by building residue soil, and relates to the field of the gravels production process. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention utilizes the building residue soil, is beneficial to reducing the discharge of solid wastes in the building construction process and improving the resource utilization efficiency; the invention can not only obtain bricks, but also obtain various products such as building sandstone and the like; the additive is added during the forming, and the compression strength is improved by more than 5 percent compared with the compression strength after the forming without the additive; the prepared brick has a heat preservation function, and the heat conductivity coefficient of the brick is less than 0.4W/m.K; the brick prepared by the invention has small apparent density which is less than 900kg/m3, and the dead weight is saved by more than 50% compared with the traditional brick.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sandstone production processes, in particular to a process for producing sintered heat-preservation building blocks by using building residue soil and sandstone.
Background
During mine construction and building demolition, a large amount of muck is generated, which has different compositions and mainly comprises soil, broken stones, broken bricks, cement blocks and the like. The use of the components is difficult due to the complexity thereof. The current treatment mode mainly comprises landfill and stockpiling, and environment is easily damaged due to improper treatment.
On the other hand, effective heat preservation measures are not yet taken by many buildings in China, and traditional high-energy-consumption products such as sintered red bricks are still used even in partial rural areas; this not only causes destruction of cultivated land, but also is not beneficial to building energy saving. In addition, the traditional sand production mainly exploits sand in rivers, which is easy to damage the river channels and influence the ecological safety of the rivers.
Therefore, the research on a treatment process can not only fully utilize the building residue soil and reduce the discharge of solid wastes, but also be beneficial to the protection of the river ecological environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides a process for producing sintered heat-preservation building blocks and gravels by using building residue soil, solves the problem of difficult treatment of the building residue soil, is favorable for protecting the ecological environment and promotes sustainable development.
The purpose of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: the process for producing the sintered heat-preservation building blocks and the gravels by using the building residue soil comprises the following steps:
step one, a first crushing procedure: crushing the waste building residue soil by a primary crusher to obtain a crushed product a;
step two, a first screening process: screening the product a obtained in the step one by primary screening equipment to obtain products b1, b2 and b3 which are respectively positioned at the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the equipment;
step three, a circulating procedure: returning the product b1 obtained in the step two to the step one, mixing the product b1 into waste building residue soil, and repeating the operation of the step one and the operation of the step two;
step four, a second crushing procedure: performing secondary crushing on the product b3 obtained in the step two through a secondary crusher to obtain a product c after secondary crushing;
step five, a second screening process: performing secondary screening on the product c obtained in the step four through secondary screening equipment to obtain products d1, d2 and d3 which are respectively positioned on the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the equipment;
step six, batching process: mixing the product d3 obtained in the fifth step with the raw material e, adding water and additives, and uniformly stirring to obtain a product f;
seventhly, a staling process: ageing the product f obtained in the sixth step to obtain a product g;
step eight, a forming procedure: curing and molding the product g obtained in the seventh step to obtain a blank h;
step nine, a drying procedure: drying the blank h obtained in the step eight to obtain a raw brick i;
step ten, a firing process: firing the raw brick i obtained in the ninth step to obtain a brick j;
in the above steps, the brick j is a sintered heat-insulating block, and the products b2, d1 and d2 are building gravels.
As a preferred technical scheme, the primary crusher in the step one is one or more of a jaw crusher, a hammer crusher and an impact crusher; the diameter of the product a is less than 150 mm.
As a preferred technical scheme, the primary screening equipment in the second step adopts a double-layer screen, the double-layer screen is one or two of a linear screen, a circular vibration screen, a resonance screen and a probability screen, wherein the diameter of the upper-layer screen hole is 25-70 mm, and the diameter of the lower-layer screen hole is 5-50 mm.
As a preferable technical scheme, the secondary crusher in the fourth step is one or more of a jaw crusher, a hammer crusher and an impact crusher; the diameter of the product c is less than 80 mm.
As an optimal technical scheme, the secondary screening equipment in the fifth step adopts a double-layer screen, the double-layer screen is one or two of a linear screen, a circular vibration screen, a resonance screen and a probability screen, the diameter of the upper-layer screen hole is 0.5-40 mm, and the diameter of the lower-layer screen hole is 0.03-5 mm.
As a preferred technical scheme, the raw material e in the sixth step is one or more of mine covering soil, clay, loess, laterite, sandy soil and humus; the mass fraction of water contained in the product f is less than or equal to 25 percent; the additive is water glass, the addition amount of the additive is 1000-5000 g per ton of the mixture according to dry weight.
And 5, as a preferable technical scheme, the ageing time in the step seven is 5-48 hours.
As a preferable technical scheme, the forming die adopted in the forming procedure in the step eight is a porous die, and the pore volume accounts for 50-70% of the total volume of the die; the molding pressure is more than or equal to 50 MPa.
As a preferred technical scheme, the drying temperature in the ninth step is more than or equal to 100 ℃, and the drying time is 2-5 hours.
Preferably, the firing temperature in the step ten is 700-1100 ℃, and the firing time is 5-15 hours.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention utilizes the building residue soil, is beneficial to reducing the discharge of solid wastes in the building construction process and improving the resource utilization efficiency;
2. the invention can not only obtain bricks, but also obtain various products such as building sandstone and the like;
3. the additive is added during the forming, and the compression strength is improved by more than 5 percent compared with the compression strength after the forming without the additive;
4. the prepared brick has a heat preservation function, and the heat conductivity coefficient of the brick is less than 0.4W/m.K;
5. the brick prepared by the invention has small apparent density which is less than 900kg/m3, and the dead weight is saved by more than 50% compared with the traditional brick.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the process flow of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The process flow of the invention is shown in figure 1.
Example 1: a process for producing sintered heat-insulating building blocks and gravels by building residue soil comprises the following steps:
step one, a first crushing procedure: crushing the waste building residue soil by a jaw crusher to obtain a crushed product a, wherein the diameter of the product a is less than 120 mm;
step two, a first screening process: performing primary screening on the product a obtained in the step one through a double-layer linear sieve with the diameter of an upper-layer sieve hole being 30mm and the diameter of a lower-layer sieve hole being 15mm to obtain products b1, b2 and b3 which are respectively positioned on the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the double-layer linear sieve;
step three, a circulating procedure: returning the product b1 obtained in the step two to the step one, mixing the product b1 into waste building residue soil, and repeating the operation of the step one and the operation of the step two;
step four, a second crushing procedure: performing secondary crushing on the product b3 obtained in the step two through a jaw crusher to obtain a product c after secondary crushing, wherein the diameter of the product c is less than 50 mm;
step five, a second screening process: screening the product c obtained in the fourth step for the second time through a double-layer linear sieve with the diameter of the upper-layer sieve hole being 5mm and the diameter of the lower-layer sieve hole being 0.15mm to obtain products d1, d2 and d3 which are respectively positioned on the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the double-layer linear sieve;
step six, batching process: mixing the product d3 obtained in the fifth step with the mine covering soil according to the weight ratio of 1:1, adding water, adding 1700 g of additive water glass into each ton of mixture (according to dry weight), and uniformly stirring to obtain a product f containing 15% of water by mass;
seventhly, a staling process: ageing the product f obtained in the sixth step for 24 hours to obtain a product g;
step eight, a forming procedure: curing and molding the product g obtained in the seventh step by using a porous mold with the pore volume accounting for 50 percent of the total volume of the mold under the pressure of 53MPa to obtain a blank h;
step nine, a drying procedure: drying the blank h obtained in the step eight at the temperature of 200-250 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain a raw brick i;
step ten, a firing process: and (4) firing the raw brick i obtained in the step nine for 5 hours at the temperature of 850-980 ℃ to obtain a brick j.
In the above steps, the brick j is a sintered heat-insulating block, and the products b2, d1 and d2 are building gravels. The compressive strength of the produced sintered heat-insulating building block is improved by 5.7 percent than that of the sintered heat-insulating building block without adding the additive water glass added in the burdening process; meanwhile, the sintered heat-insulating building block has a heat-insulating function, and the heat conductivity coefficient is less than 0.23W/m.K; in addition, the sintered heat-insulating building block has small apparent density which is less than 876kg/m3, and saves 51.6 percent of dead weight compared with the traditional brick.
Example 2: a process for producing sintered heat-insulating building blocks and gravels by building residue soil comprises the following steps:
step one, a first crushing procedure: crushing the waste building residue soil by a jaw crusher to obtain a crushed product a, wherein the diameter of the product a is less than 110 mm;
step two, a first screening process: performing primary screening on the product a obtained in the step one through a double-layer linear sieve with the diameter of an upper-layer sieve hole being 35mm and the diameter of a lower-layer sieve hole being 10mm to obtain products b1, b2 and b3 which are respectively positioned on the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the double-layer linear sieve;
step three, a circulating procedure: returning the product b1 obtained in the step two to the step one, mixing the product b1 into waste building residue soil, and repeating the operation of the step one and the operation of the step two;
step four, a second crushing procedure: performing secondary crushing on the product b3 obtained in the step two through a jaw crusher to obtain a product c after secondary crushing, wherein the diameter of the product c is less than 35 mm;
step five, a second screening process: screening the product c obtained in the fourth step for the second time through a double-layer linear sieve with the diameter of the upper-layer sieve hole being 5mm and the diameter of the lower-layer sieve hole being 0.1mm to obtain products d1, d2 and d3 which are respectively positioned on the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the double-layer linear sieve;
step six, batching process: mixing the product d3 obtained in the fifth step with loess according to the weight ratio of 5:1, adding water, adding 2800 g of additive water glass into each ton of mixture (according to dry weight), and uniformly stirring to obtain a product f containing 17% of water by mass fraction;
seventhly, a staling process: ageing the product f obtained in the sixth step for 28 hours to obtain a product g;
step eight, a forming procedure: curing and molding the product g obtained in the seventh step by using a porous mold with the pore volume accounting for 54 percent of the total volume of the mold under the pressure of 62MPa to obtain a blank h;
step nine, a drying procedure: drying the blank h obtained in the step eight at the temperature of 250-300 ℃ for 4.5 hours to obtain a raw brick i;
step ten, a firing process: and (4) firing the raw brick i obtained in the ninth step for 5 hours at the temperature of 800-850 ℃ to obtain a brick j.
In the above steps, the brick j is a sintered heat-insulating block, and the products b2, d1 and d2 are building gravels. The compressive strength of the produced sintered heat-insulating building block is improved by 5.4% compared with that of the sintered heat-insulating building block without the additive water glass added in the burdening process; meanwhile, the sintered heat-insulating building block has a heat-insulating function, and the heat conductivity coefficient is less than 0.21W/m.K; in addition, the sintered heat-insulating building block has small apparent density which is less than 812kg/m3, and saves 53.3 percent of dead weight compared with the traditional brick.
Example 3: a process for producing sintered heat-insulating building blocks and gravels by building residue soil comprises the following steps:
step one, a first crushing procedure: crushing the waste building residue soil by a jaw crusher to obtain a crushed product a, wherein the diameter of the product a is less than 100 mm;
step two, a first screening process: performing primary screening on the product a obtained in the step one through a double-layer linear sieve with the diameter of an upper-layer sieve hole being 35mm and the diameter of a lower-layer sieve hole being 25mm to obtain products b1, b2 and b3 which are respectively positioned on the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the double-layer linear sieve;
step three, a circulating procedure: returning the product b1 obtained in the step two to the step one, mixing the product b1 into waste building residue soil, and repeating the operation of the step one and the operation of the step two;
step four, a second crushing procedure: performing secondary crushing on the product b3 obtained in the step two through a jaw crusher to obtain a product c after secondary crushing, wherein the diameter of the product c is less than 45 mm;
step five, a second screening process: screening the product c obtained in the fourth step for the second time through a double-layer linear sieve with the diameter of the upper-layer sieve hole being 5mm and the diameter of the lower-layer sieve hole being 0.15mm to obtain products d1, d2 and d3 which are respectively positioned on the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the double-layer linear sieve;
step six, batching process: mixing the product d3 obtained in the fifth step with laterite according to the weight ratio of 4:1, adding water, adding 4000 g of additive water glass into each ton of mixture (according to dry weight), and uniformly stirring to obtain a product f containing 18% of water by mass fraction;
seventhly, a staling process: ageing the product f obtained in the sixth step for 30 hours to obtain a product g;
step eight, a forming procedure: curing and molding the product g obtained in the seventh step by using a porous mold with the pore volume accounting for 60 percent of the total volume of the mold under the pressure of 60MPa to obtain a blank h;
step nine, a drying procedure: drying the blank h obtained in the step eight at the temperature of 300-350 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain a raw brick i;
step ten, a firing process: and (4) firing the raw brick i obtained in the ninth step for 5.5 hours at the temperature of 750-820 ℃ to obtain a brick j.
In the above steps, the brick j is a sintered heat-insulating block, and the products b2, d1 and d2 are building gravels. The compressive strength of the produced sintered heat-insulating building block is improved by 6.1 percent compared with that of the sintered heat-insulating building block without adding the additive water glass added in the burdening process; meanwhile, the sintered heat-insulating building block has a heat-insulating function, and the heat conductivity coefficient is less than 0.18W/m.K; in addition, the sintered heat-insulating building block has small apparent density which is less than 738kg/m3, and saves 55.2 percent of dead weight compared with the traditional brick.
Example 4: a process for producing sintered heat-insulating building blocks and gravels by building residue soil comprises the following steps:
step one, a first crushing procedure: crushing the waste building residue soil by a jaw crusher to obtain a crushed product a, wherein the diameter of the product a is less than 90 mm;
step two, a first screening process: performing primary screening on the product a obtained in the step one through a double-layer linear sieve with the diameter of an upper-layer sieve hole being 35mm and the diameter of a lower-layer sieve hole being 20mm to obtain products b1, b2 and b3 which are respectively positioned on the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the double-layer linear sieve;
step three, a circulating procedure: returning the product b1 obtained in the step two to the step one, mixing the product b1 into waste building residue soil, and repeating the operation of the step one and the operation of the step two;
step four, a second crushing procedure: performing secondary crushing on the product b3 obtained in the step two through a jaw crusher to obtain a product c after secondary crushing, wherein the diameter of the product c is less than 40 mm;
step five, a second screening process: screening the product c obtained in the fourth step for the second time through a double-layer linear sieve with the diameter of the upper-layer sieve hole being 5mm and the diameter of the lower-layer sieve hole being 0.15mm to obtain products d1, d2 and d3 which are respectively positioned on the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the double-layer linear sieve;
step six, batching process: mixing the product d3 obtained in the fifth step with the mine covering soil according to the weight ratio of 3:1, adding water, adding 3100 g of additive water glass into each ton of mixture (according to dry weight), and uniformly stirring to obtain a product f containing 16% of water by mass;
seventhly, a staling process: ageing the product f obtained in the sixth step for 25 hours to obtain a product g;
step eight, a forming procedure: curing and molding the product g obtained in the seventh step by using a porous mold with the pore volume accounting for 53 percent of the total volume of the mold under the pressure of 70MPa to obtain a blank h;
step nine, a drying procedure: drying the blank h obtained in the step eight at the temperature of 280-350 ℃ for 3.5 hours to obtain a raw brick i;
step ten, a firing process: and (4) firing the raw brick i obtained in the ninth step at the temperature of 800-920 ℃ for 5.5 hours to obtain a brick j.
In the above steps, the brick j is a sintered heat-insulating block, and the products b2, d1 and d2 are building gravels. The compressive strength of the produced sintered heat-insulating building block is improved by 5.1 percent than that of the sintered heat-insulating building block without adding the additive water glass added in the burdening process; meanwhile, the sintered heat-insulating building block has a heat-insulating function, and the heat conductivity coefficient is less than 0.22W/m.K; in addition, the sintered heat-insulating building block has small apparent density which is less than 886kg/m3, and saves 51.4 percent of dead weight compared with the traditional brick.
Example 5: a process for producing sintered heat-insulating building blocks and gravels by building residue soil comprises the following steps:
step one, a first crushing procedure: crushing the waste building residue soil by a jaw crusher to obtain a crushed product a, wherein the diameter of the product a is less than 75 mm;
step two, a first screening process: performing primary screening on the product a obtained in the step one through a double-layer linear sieve with the upper-layer sieve pore diameter of 25mm and the lower-layer sieve pore diameter of 15mm to obtain products b1, b2 and b3 which are respectively positioned on the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the double-layer linear sieve;
step three, a circulating procedure: returning the product b1 obtained in the step two to the step one, mixing the product b1 into waste building residue soil, and repeating the operation of the step one and the operation of the step two;
step four, a second crushing procedure: performing secondary crushing on the product b3 obtained in the step two through a jaw crusher to obtain a product c after secondary crushing, wherein the diameter of the product c is less than 35 mm;
step five, a second screening process: screening the product c obtained in the fourth step for the second time through a double-layer linear sieve with the diameter of the upper-layer sieve hole being 5mm and the diameter of the lower-layer sieve hole being 0.074mm to obtain products d1, d2 and d3 which are respectively positioned on the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the double-layer linear sieve;
step six, batching process: mixing the product d3 obtained in the fifth step with the mine covering soil according to the weight ratio of 1:2, adding water, adding 4400 g of additive water glass into each ton of mixture (according to dry weight), and uniformly stirring to obtain a product f containing 16% of water by mass;
seventhly, a staling process: ageing the product f obtained in the sixth step for 15 hours to obtain a product g;
step eight, a forming procedure: curing and molding the product g obtained in the seventh step by using a porous mold with the pore volume accounting for 66 percent of the total volume of the mold under the pressure of 80MPa to obtain a blank h;
step nine, a drying procedure: drying the blank h obtained in the step eight at the temperature of 350-400 ℃ for 2.5 hours to obtain a raw brick i;
step ten, a firing process: and (4) firing the raw brick i obtained in the ninth step at the temperature of 750-830 ℃ for 6.5 hours to obtain a brick j.
In the above steps, the brick j is a sintered heat-insulating block, and the products b2, d1 and d2 are building gravels. The compressive strength of the produced sintered heat-insulating building block is improved by 6.4% compared with that of the sintered heat-insulating building block without the additive water glass added in the burdening process; meanwhile, the sintered heat-insulating building block has a heat-insulating function, and the heat conductivity coefficient is less than 0.18W/m.K; in addition, the sintered heat-insulating building block has small apparent density which is less than 657kg/m3, and saves 57.1 percent of dead weight compared with the traditional brick.
It should be understood that equivalent substitutions and changes to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention should be made by those skilled in the art to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A process for producing sintered heat-preservation building blocks and gravels by using building residue soil is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, a first crushing procedure: crushing the waste building residue soil by a primary crusher to obtain a crushed product a;
step two, a first screening process: screening the product a obtained in the step one by primary screening equipment to obtain products b1, b2 and b3 which are respectively positioned at the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the equipment;
step three, a circulating procedure: returning the product b1 obtained in the step two to the step one, mixing the product b1 into waste building residue soil, and repeating the operation of the step one and the operation of the step two;
step four, a second crushing procedure: performing secondary crushing on the product b3 obtained in the step two through a secondary crusher to obtain a product c after secondary crushing;
step five, a second screening process: performing secondary screening on the product c obtained in the step four through secondary screening equipment to obtain products d1, d2 and d3 which are respectively positioned on the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer of the equipment;
step six, batching process: mixing the product d3 obtained in the fifth step with the raw material e, adding water and additives, and uniformly stirring to obtain a product f;
seventhly, a staling process: ageing the product f obtained in the sixth step to obtain a product g;
step eight, a forming procedure: curing and molding the product g obtained in the seventh step to obtain a blank h;
step nine, a drying procedure: drying the blank h obtained in the step eight to obtain a raw brick i;
step ten, a firing process: firing the raw brick i obtained in the ninth step to obtain a brick j;
in the above steps, the brick j is a sintered heat-insulating block, and the products b2, d1 and d2 are building gravels.
2. The process for producing sintered heat-insulating blocks and gravels by using the building residue soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the primary crusher in the step one is one or more of a jaw crusher, a hammer crusher and a counterattack crusher; the diameter of the product a is less than 150 mm.
3. The process for producing sintered heat-insulating blocks and gravels by using the building residue soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: and the primary screening equipment in the second step adopts a double-layer screen, the double-layer screen is one or two of a linear screen, a circular vibration screen, a resonance screen and a probability screen, the diameter of the upper layer screen hole is 25-70 mm, and the diameter of the lower layer screen hole is 5-50 mm.
4. The process for producing sintered heat-insulating blocks and gravels by using the building residue soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the secondary crusher in the fourth step is one or more of a jaw crusher, a hammer crusher and a counterattack crusher; the diameter of the product c is less than 80 mm.
5. The process for producing sintered heat-insulating blocks and gravels by using the building residue soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: and the secondary screening equipment in the fifth step adopts a double-layer screen, the double-layer screen is one or two of a linear screen, a circular vibration screen, a resonance screen and a probability screen, the diameter of the upper layer screen hole is 0.5-40 mm, and the diameter of the lower layer screen hole is 0.03-5 mm.
6. The process for producing sintered heat-insulating blocks and gravels by using the building residue soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the raw material e in the sixth step is one or more of mine covering soil, clay, loess, laterite, sandy soil and humus; the mass fraction of water contained in the product f is less than or equal to 25 percent; the additive is water glass, the addition amount of the additive is 1000-5000 g per ton of the mixture according to dry weight.
7. The process for producing sintered heat-insulating blocks and gravels by using the building residue soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: and the aging time in the seventh step is 5-48 hours.
8. The process for producing sintered heat-insulating blocks and gravels by using the building residue soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the forming die adopted in the forming procedure in the step eight is a porous die, and the pore volume accounts for 50-70% of the total volume of the die; the molding pressure is more than or equal to 50 MPa.
9. The process for producing sintered heat-insulating blocks and gravels by using the building residue soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: and the drying temperature in the ninth step is more than or equal to 100 ℃, and the drying time is 2-5 hours.
10. The process for producing sintered heat-insulating blocks and gravels by using the building residue soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: and step ten, the firing temperature is 700-1100 ℃, and the firing time is 5-15 hours.
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