CN111672874A - Method for recycling slag and fly ash and boiler system of coal-fired power plant - Google Patents
Method for recycling slag and fly ash and boiler system of coal-fired power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN111672874A CN111672874A CN202010534617.7A CN202010534617A CN111672874A CN 111672874 A CN111672874 A CN 111672874A CN 202010534617 A CN202010534617 A CN 202010534617A CN 111672874 A CN111672874 A CN 111672874A
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/30—Incineration ashes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2700/00—Ash removal, handling and treatment means; Ash and slag handling in pulverulent fuel furnaces; Ash removal means for incinerators
- F23J2700/001—Ash removal, handling and treatment means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for recovering slag and fly ash and a boiler system of a coal-fired power plant, which solve the problems of potential safety hazard, high pipeline abrasion failure rate and higher cost in the conventional fly ash treatment mode. The method comprises the following steps: step one, pretreatment of slag and fly ash: 1.11) discharging slag generated by a boiler of a coal-fired power plant from a slag bin; 1.12) carrying out levigating treatment on the slag, and sending the slag to a fine slag warehouse for storage after the required fineness is reached; 1.21) collecting fly ash generated by a boiler of a coal-fired power plant by electric precipitation; 1.22) storing the fly ash collected by electric precipitation in an ash hopper; secondly, performing secondary treatment on the slag and the fly ash; 2.1) conveying the slag stored in the fine slag warehouse to a buffer tank through a first bin pump, and conveying the fly ash stored in an ash bucket to the buffer tank through a second bin pump; 2.2) under the action of the cyclone separator, separating fine slag from air by using the slag and the fly ash; and 2.3) conveying the separated fly ash and fine slag to a steel plate warehouse for storage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of coal ash treatment of coal-fired power plants, in particular to a method for recovering slag and coal ash and a coal-fired power plant boiler system, which are applied to the comprehensive utilization of solid waste coal ash of coal-fired power plants.
Background
The fly ash is fine ash collected from flue gas generated after coal combustion, is main solid waste discharged from a coal-fired power plant, and mainly comprises SiO2、Al2O3、FeO、Fe2O3Etc., and also partially unburned carbon. China is the largest coal-carbon consuming country in the world, coal-fired power plants dominate energy structures in China, and with the development of power industry mainly based on coal-fired power plants, the amount of ash and slag discharged by coal-fired power plants is also increased sharply, so that the coal-fired power plants become one of the largest pollution sources of industrial solid wastes.
In the 70 s of the 20 th century, the worldwide energy crisis, environmental pollution, depletion of mineral resources and the like have strongly stimulated research, development and application of fly ash, and fly ash is gradually favored by people and becomes one of new building material raw materials with abundant resources, low price and interest and harm removal. The comprehensive utilization of the fly ash is a long-term strategic policy in the development of Chinese economy and society, is also an important technical and economic policy, is an important means for solving the contradiction between the environmental pollution and the resource shortage in the power production in China, and is also one of the tasks which must be faced by power production enterprises. The comprehensive utilization of the fly ash is of great significance to the improvement of the resource utilization efficiency, the development of the circular economy and the construction of the conservation-oriented society.
At present, the main modes of conveying and storing the fly ash are as follows:
conveying: a bin pump is arranged below an electric dust collector/coal economizer of a coal-fired power plant boiler, the fly ash is directly conveyed to a feeding port of a steel plate warehouse in a positive pressure mode through a pipeline, and the slag is externally transported by a bulk tank truck;
and (3) storing: as a coal-fired power plant and the light busy season of the construction industry have a certain time difference, the supply of the fly ash is insufficient in the selling busy season, but no body fluid is required in the light season. The storage is mainly to store the fly ash in the off-season for processing and selling when the peak season comes, so as to increase the economic benefit of enterprises.
The above method enables the treatment of fly ash, but has the following obvious disadvantages: 1. the high pressure and the low pressure of the conveying system are not separated, so that great hidden danger is brought to the safe operation of the steel plate warehouse; 2. the fly ash particles are large, and the wear failure rate of the pipeline is high; 3. the tank car is high in hauling cost, and meanwhile, the processes of loading and outward transportation have great environmental protection risks; 4. the slag is directly transported outside, so that the beneficial ingredients of the slag are not fully used while the enterprise profits are reduced; 5. the energy consumption is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of potential safety hazard, high pipeline abrasion failure rate and high cost in the conventional fly ash treatment mode, and provides a method for recovering slag and fly ash and a boiler system of a coal-fired power plant.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for recovering slag and fly ash, comprising the steps of:
firstly, pretreating slag and fly ash generated by a boiler of a coal-fired power plant:
the pretreatment of the slag comprises:
1.11) discharging slag generated by a boiler of a coal-fired power plant through a slag bin, and performing cooling treatment in the discharging process;
1.12) conveying the cooled slag to a pre-grinding device through a buffer bin, grinding the slag through the pre-grinding device, and sending the slag to a fine slag warehouse for storage after the required fineness is reached;
the pretreatment of the fly ash comprises the following steps:
1.21) collecting fly ash generated by a boiler of a coal-fired power plant by electric precipitation;
1.22) storing the fly ash collected by electric precipitation in an ash hopper;
secondly, performing secondary treatment on the slag and the fly ash;
2.1) conveying the slag stored in the fine slag warehouse to a buffer tank through a second bin pump, conveying the fly ash stored in an ash bucket to the buffer tank through a first bin pump, and simultaneously controlling the flow rates of the first bin pump and the second bin pump and the proportion of the slag and the fly ash;
2.2) arranging a cyclone separator at the inlet of the buffer tank, and separating fine slag and fly ash from powder and air under the action of the cyclone separator;
and 2.3) conveying the separated fly ash and fine slag to a steel plate warehouse for storage.
Further, in step 1.11), the step of cooling the discharged slag specifically includes: the discharged slag is temporarily stored in the slag bin, temperature measuring devices are arranged at the top and the bottom of the slag bin, a temperature reducing device is arranged outside the slag bin, and the slag is cooled through the temperature reducing device.
Further, in step 1.11), the temperature measuring device is a temperature sensor or an infrared thermometer.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides a coal-fired power plant boiler system which comprises a coal-fired power plant boiler, a slag bin, a vibrating feeder, a conveying belt, a buffer bin, a pre-grinding device, a fine slag bin, a second bin pump, an ash bucket, a first bin pump, a cyclone separator, a buffer tank and a chute; the coal-fired power plant boiler is provided with a coal economizer and an electric dust removal device; the slag bin is arranged on the side of the coal-fired power plant boiler, the coal economizer coal ash outlet is connected with the slag bin, the conical outlet at the bottom of the slag bin is connected with the inlet of the vibrating feeder through a chute, and the chute is provided with a control valve; the outlet of the vibrating feeder is arranged at one end of a conveying belt, the other end of the conveying belt is arranged at the inlet of a buffer bin, the outlet of the buffer bin is connected with the inlet of a fine slag warehouse through a pre-grinding device, and the outlet of the fine slag warehouse is connected with the inlet of a buffer tank through a first bin pump; the ash bucket is arranged below the electric dust removal of the boiler system of the coal-fired power plant, the inlet of the second bin pump is connected with the outlet of the ash bucket, and the outlet of the second bin pump is connected with the inlet of the buffer tank; and the inlet of the buffer tank is provided with a cyclone separator, and the outlet of the buffer tank is connected with a steel plate warehouse through a chute.
Furthermore, temperature measuring devices are arranged at the top and the bottom of the slag bin, and a cooling device is arranged outside the slag bin.
Further, the temperature measuring device is a temperature sensor or an infrared thermometer
Further, the control valve is a manual slide plate valve and/or a pneumatic slide plate valve.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the method and the system can realize the reutilization of the fly ash, reduce the solid waste stacking of a coal-fired power plant, improve the quality of a recovered mixture by adding the slag into the fly ash, and provide building material raw materials with different ash-slag ratios by controlling the flow rates of the first bin pump and the second bin pump so as to control the proportion of the slag and the fly ash.
2. The method and the system provided by the invention can be used for pre-grinding the slag and then conveying the slag, can be used for long-distance conveying, is low in energy consumption, and is beneficial to improving the unloading rate of a steel plate warehouse.
3. According to the method and the system, the pulverized coal ash is supplemented into the system after the pulverized coal ash is pre-milled, so that on one hand, the shortage of the pulverized coal ash resource is supplemented, and meanwhile, the beneficial components in the pulverized coal ash can obviously improve the overall quality of the pulverized coal ash.
4. The method and the system are provided with the buffer tank, and the buffer tank realizes the separation of a pneumatic conveying high-pressure system and a pneumatic conveying low-pressure system, so that the safety coefficient of a coal-fired power plant fly ash storage system is greatly improved.
5. In the method and the system, the cooling device is arranged outside the slag bin in a matched manner, so that the discharging temperature at the bottom of the slag bin is not higher than the temperature resistance of the belt, and the aging time of the belt is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a coal fired power plant boiler system of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-a slag bin, 2-a chute, 3-a temperature measuring device, 4-a temperature reducing device, 5-a manual slide plate valve, 6-a pneumatic slide plate valve, 7-a vibrating feeder, 8-a conveying belt, 9-a buffer bin, 10-a pre-grinding device, 11-a fine slag bin, 12-a second bin pump, 13-an ash bucket, 14-a first bin pump, 15-a cyclone separator, 16-a buffer tank, 17-a chute, 18-a steel plate bin and 19-a coal-fired power plant boiler.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a method for recovering slag and fly ash and a boiler system of a coal-fired power plant, which can realize the reutilization of the slag and the fly ash, reduce the solid waste stack of the coal-fired power plant, and simultaneously, the fly ash is added into the slag, thereby improving the quality of a recovered mixture, controlling the proportion of the slag and the fly ash and providing building materials with different purposes.
As shown in fig. 1, the boiler system of the coal-fired power plant provided by the invention comprises a boiler 19 of the coal-fired power plant, a slag bin 1, a vibrating feeder 7, a conveying belt 8, a buffer bin 9, a pre-grinding device 10, a fine slag bin 11, a second bin pump 12, an ash bucket 13, a first bin pump 14, a cyclone separator 15, a buffer tank 16 and a chute 17, wherein the boiler 19 of the coal-fired power plant is provided with a coal economizer and an electric dust removal device; the slag bin 1 is arranged on the side of the coal-fired power plant boiler 19, the coal economizer coal ash outlet is connected with the slag bin 1, the conical outlet at the bottom of the slag bin 1 is connected with the inlet of the vibrating feeder 7 through the slide pipe 2, and the slide pipe 2 is provided with a control valve which is a manual slide plate valve 5 and/or a pneumatic slide plate valve 6. The outlet of the vibrating feeder 7 is arranged at one end of the conveyer belt 8, the other end of the conveyer belt 8 is arranged at the inlet of the buffer bin 9, the outlet of the buffer bin 9 is connected with the inlet of the fine slag bin 11 through the pre-grinding device 10, and the outlet of the fine slag bin 11 is connected with the inlet of the buffer tank 16 through the second bin pump 12; the ash bucket 13 is arranged below an electric dust removal channel of a boiler 19 of a coal-fired power plant, an inlet of the first bin pump 14 is connected with an outlet of the ash bucket 13, an outlet of the first bin pump is connected with an inlet of the buffer tank 16, and the cyclone separator 15 is arranged at the inlet of the buffer tank 16 and used for separating powder from air; the outlet of the buffer tank 16 is connected with a steel plate storage 18 through a chute 17.
According to the invention, the temperature measuring devices are arranged at the top feeding hole of the slag bin 1 and the bottom discharging hole of the slag bin 1, and are used for monitoring the temperature of the slag bin in real time, and meanwhile, the cooling device 4 is matched and arranged at the outer side of the slag bin, so that the discharging temperature at the bottom of the slag bin 1 is not higher than the temperature resistance of a belt, and the aging time of the belt is prolonged.
Meanwhile, the invention provides a method for recovering slag and fly ash, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, pretreating slag and fly ash generated by a boiler 19 of a coal-fired power plant:
the pretreatment of the slag comprises:
1.11) discharging the slag generated by the boiler 19 of the coal-fired power plant through the slag bin 1, and performing cooling treatment in the discharging process; in the step, the cooling treatment of the discharged slag specifically comprises the following steps: the discharged slag is temporarily stored in a slag bin 1, temperature measuring devices 3 are arranged at the top and the bottom of the slag bin 1, a temperature reducing device 4 is arranged outside the slag bin 1, and the slag is subjected to temperature reduction treatment through the temperature reducing device 4;
1.12) conveying the cooled slag to a pre-grinding device 10 through a buffer bin 9, grinding the slag through the pre-grinding device 10 to reach the required fineness, and then conveying the slag to a fine slag warehouse 11 for storage;
the pretreatment of the fly ash comprises the following steps:
1.21) collecting the fly ash generated by the boiler 19 of the coal-fired power plant by electric precipitation;
1.22) storing the fly ash collected by electric precipitation in an ash hopper 13;
secondly, performing secondary treatment on the slag and the fly ash;
2.1) conveying the slag stored in the fine slag warehouse 11 to a buffer tank 16 through a first bin pump 14, conveying the fly ash stored in an ash bucket 13 to the buffer tank 16 through a second bin pump 12, and simultaneously controlling the flow rates of the first bin pump 14 and the second bin pump 12 and the proportion of the slag and the fly ash;
2.2) a cyclone separator 15 is arranged at the inlet of the buffer tank 16, and under the action of the cyclone separator 15, fine slag and fly ash are separated from fine slag and air;
2.3) conveying the separated ash and fine slag to a steel plate warehouse 18 for storage, and controlling the flow rate of the first bin pump 14 and the second bin pump 12 so as to control the proportion of the slag and the fly ash, thereby providing new building raw materials with different ash-slag ratios.
The method and the system of the invention pre-grind the slag and then convey the slag, can convey the slag in a long distance, have low energy consumption and are beneficial to improving the unloading rate of the steel plate warehouse 18.
The method and the system of the invention replenish the slag into the system after pre-grinding, which is beneficial to replenishing the shortage of the fly ash resource on one hand, and meanwhile, the beneficial components in the slag can also obviously improve the overall quality of the fly ash.
The method and the system are provided with the buffer tank 16, and the buffer tank 16 realizes the separation of a high-pressure and low-pressure conveying system, so that the safety coefficient of the system is greatly improved. The buffer tank 16 is provided with the cyclone separator 15, the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator 15 is high, and the chute 17 is arranged from the buffer tank 16 to the steel plate warehouse 18, so that the conveying process is stable.
The method and the system directly send the fly ash in the economizer area to the slag bin 1, and the treated fly ash is conveyed by the bin pump, so that the service life of the pipeline can be prolonged.
Claims (7)
1. The method for recovering the slag and the fly ash is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, pretreating slag and fly ash generated by a boiler of a coal-fired power plant:
the pretreatment of the slag comprises:
1.11) discharging slag generated by a boiler of a coal-fired power plant through a slag bin, and performing cooling treatment in the discharging process;
1.12) conveying the cooled slag to a pre-grinding device through a buffer bin, grinding the slag through the pre-grinding device, and sending the slag to a fine slag warehouse for storage after the required fineness is reached;
the pretreatment of the fly ash comprises the following steps:
1.21) collecting fly ash generated by a boiler of a coal-fired power plant by electric precipitation;
1.22) storing the fly ash collected by electric precipitation in an ash hopper;
secondly, performing secondary treatment on the slag and the fly ash;
2.1) conveying the slag stored in the fine slag warehouse to a buffer tank through a second bin pump, conveying the fly ash stored in an ash bucket to the buffer tank through a first bin pump, and simultaneously controlling the flow rates of the first bin pump and the second bin pump and the proportion of the slag and the fly ash;
2.2) arranging a cyclone separator at the inlet of the buffer tank, and separating fine slag and fly ash from powder and air under the action of the cyclone separator;
and 2.3) conveying the separated fly ash and fine slag to a steel plate warehouse for storage.
2. The method for recovering slag and fly ash according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1.11), the temperature reduction treatment of the discharged slag is specifically as follows: the discharged slag is temporarily stored in the slag bin, temperature measuring devices are arranged at the top and the bottom of the slag bin, a temperature reducing device is arranged outside the slag bin, and the slag is cooled through the temperature reducing device.
3. The slag and fly ash recovery process according to claim 2, wherein: in the step 1.11), the temperature measuring device is a temperature sensor or an infrared thermometer.
4. A coal fired power plant boiler system characterized in that: the device comprises a coal-fired power plant boiler (19), a slag bin (1), a vibrating feeder (7), a conveying belt (8), a buffer bin (9), a pre-grinding device (10), a fine slag bin (11), a second bin pump (12), an ash bucket (13), a first bin pump (14), a cyclone separator (15), a buffer tank (16) and a chute (17);
the coal-fired power plant boiler (19) is provided with a coal economizer and an electric dust removal device;
the slag bin (1) is arranged on the side of a boiler (19) of a coal-fired power plant, a coal economizer coal ash outlet is connected with the slag bin (1), a conical outlet at the bottom of the slag bin (1) is connected with an inlet of a vibrating feeder (7) through a chute (2), and a control valve is arranged on the chute (2); an outlet of the vibrating feeder (7) is arranged at one end of a conveying belt (8), the other end of the conveying belt (8) is arranged at an inlet of a buffer bin (9), an outlet of the buffer bin (9) is connected with an inlet of a fine slag warehouse (11) through a pre-grinding device (10), and an outlet of the fine slag warehouse (11) is connected with an inlet of a buffer tank (16) through a second bin pump (12);
the ash bucket (13) is arranged below electric dust removal of a boiler system of a coal-fired power plant, the inlet of the first bin pump (14) is connected with the outlet of the ash bucket (13), and the outlet of the first bin pump is connected with the inlet of the buffer tank (16);
an inlet of the buffer tank (16) is provided with a cyclone separator (15), and an outlet of the buffer tank (16) is connected with a steel plate warehouse (18) through a chute (17).
5. The coal fired power plant boiler system of claim 4, wherein: the slag bin is characterized in that temperature measuring devices (3) are arranged at the top and the bottom of the slag bin (1), and a cooling device (4) is arranged outside the slag bin (1).
6. The coal fired power plant boiler system of claim 5, wherein: the temperature measuring device (3) is a temperature sensor or an infrared thermometer.
7. The coal fired power plant boiler system of claim 4 or 5 or 6, wherein: the control valve is a manual slide plate valve (5) and/or a pneumatic slide plate valve (6).
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114849506A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-08-05 | 重庆钢铁股份有限公司 | Mixing system and method for coking fly ash and coal powder |
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| CN114849506A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-08-05 | 重庆钢铁股份有限公司 | Mixing system and method for coking fly ash and coal powder |
| CN114849506B (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2023-10-31 | 重庆钢铁股份有限公司 | Coking dust and coal powder mixing system and method |
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