CN111671737B - 一种地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于药物制剂领域,具体涉及一种以普鲁兰多糖‑维生素E琥珀酸酯(PUVS)为基质的地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂及其制备方法。本发明所述口腔速溶膜剂是将普鲁兰多糖与维生素E琥珀酸酯接枝作为增溶剂和助悬剂,并与药物地塞米松配合成膜材料普鲁兰多糖混合均匀后制备成的一种轻薄的载药薄膜,所述载药薄膜表面药物分布均匀。本发明制备的口腔速溶膜剂崩解时间小于20s,且地塞米松在膜剂中以非晶体状态存在,有利于药物的溶出和吸收,因此本发明所述的地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂具有制备工艺简单、崩解速度快、携带方便、服药不受时间地点的限制、无需伴服剂伴服且顺应性好等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物制剂领域,具体涉及一种以普鲁兰多糖-维生素E琥珀酸酯偶联物PUVS为基质的地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
地塞米松(Dexamethasone,DEX)是一种肾上腺皮质激素类药,具有抗炎、抗内毒素、抑制免疫、抗休克及增强应激反应等药理作用,因此能够广泛应用于各科治疗多种疾病,如自身免疫性疾病、过敏、炎症、哮喘、皮肤科及眼科疾病。地塞米松已上市的剂型目前只有片剂和注射剂。口腔速溶膜是一种将药物与合适的水溶性聚合物成膜材料混合均匀后制备成的一种轻薄的载药薄膜,该剂型置于人体口腔舌上后,所载药物可直接通过口腔粘膜表面吸收,也可部分通过吞咽后经消化道吸收,具有制备工艺简单、崩解速度快、携带方便、服药不受时间地点的限制、无需伴服剂伴服、顺应性好等优点,为了丰富地塞米松的剂型,增加其用药方便性及顺应性,选择将地塞米松制备成口腔速溶膜。但目前口腔速溶膜多适用于水溶性药物,DEX水溶性差,因此将其制备为口腔速溶膜具有难度,所以需要开发一种新技术制备地塞米松口腔速溶膜(Dexamethasone-Fast dissolving oral film,DEX-FDOF)。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决现有技术问题的不足,提供一种以普鲁兰多糖-维生素E琥珀酸酯偶联物(PUVS)为基质的地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂及制备方法,所述口腔速溶膜剂是将普鲁兰多糖与维生素E琥珀酸酯接枝偶联为PUVS后,作为增溶剂和助悬剂并配合成膜材料普鲁兰多糖混合均匀后制备成的一种轻薄的载药薄膜。
为了实现上述发明目的,本发明提供以下技术方案:
一种地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂,所述口腔速溶膜剂由下列质量百分比的组分组成:
地塞米松1%-5%
偶联物1%-15%
成膜材料64%-90%
增塑剂为成膜材料的2%-10%
崩解剂为成膜材料的1%-15%
其中,所述成膜材料为普鲁兰多糖;所述偶联物为普鲁兰多糖-维生素E琥珀酸酯偶联物PUVS。
优选的,所述口腔速溶膜剂由下列质量百分比的组分组成:
地塞米松1.95%
偶联物PUVS 9.77%
成膜材料78.13%
增塑剂6.25%
崩解剂3.90%。
优选的,所述增塑剂为甘油、丙二醇、聚乙二醇400中的任意一种,更优选的,所述增塑剂为丙二醇。
优选的,所述崩解剂为羧甲基淀粉钠、交联羧甲基纤维素钠、海藻酸钠中的任意一种,更优选的,所述崩解剂为海藻酸钠。
本发明另一方面还提供了一种地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)制备偶联物PUVS:将普鲁兰多糖溶于溶剂得到普鲁兰多糖溶液待用,将4-二甲氨基吡啶DMAP、1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐EDC和维生素E琥珀酸酯VES溶于溶剂并在室温下搅拌活化1h后,缓慢滴加到前述普鲁兰多糖溶液中,继续在室温下搅拌反应48h,后处理后得到偶联物PUVS;
(2)制备载药混悬液:用乙醇溶液将步骤(1)制备的偶联物PUVS和药物地塞米松充分溶解,搅拌1h后减压蒸发除去溶剂,再加入精密量取的蒸馏水并在一定温度下水合一定时间,得到载药混悬液;
(3)制备口腔速溶膜:将成膜材料、增塑剂和崩解剂加入上述步骤(2)制备得到的载药混悬液中,搅拌溶解,然后静置过夜脱气泡,第二天将浆液均匀涂布于玻璃板上,放于真空干燥箱中于一定温度干燥后,揭膜,得到地塞米松口腔速溶膜。
其中,偶联物PUVS的合成路线如图1所示。
优选的,步骤(1)中所述的溶剂为有机溶剂,更优选为二甲基亚砜DMSO。
优选的,步骤(1)中所述的DMAP、EDC和VES的摩尔比为1:1.2:1。
优选的,步骤(1)中普鲁兰多糖与VES投料的摩尔比为30-150:1,更优选的普鲁兰多糖与VES投料的摩尔比为100:1。
优选的,步骤(1)中所述后处理为将反应液滴加到无水乙醇中得到白色沉淀,将白色沉淀溶解于双蒸水后转移到透析袋(MwCO=10000)中,在双蒸水中透析72h,透析期间每8h换一次水,透析结束后将溶液冷冻干燥后即得到偶联物PUVS。
优选的,步骤(2)中所述乙醇溶液浓度为20%-40%,更优选为33%。
优选的,所述蒸馏水用量是药物的0.2mL/mg,即每10mg药物蒸馏水用量为2mL。
优选的,步骤(2)中所述水化温度为30℃-60℃,更优选为45℃。
优选的,步骤(2)中所述水化时间为0.5h-2h,更优选为1h。
优选的,步骤(3)中所述干燥温度为20℃-50℃,更优选为30℃。
优选的,步骤(3)中所述干燥时间为2h-5h,更优选为3h。
本发明与现有技术相比,其有益效果主要体现在:
(1)本发明提供一种以PUVS为基质的地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂,所述口腔速溶膜剂表面光滑,扫描电镜下可观察到载药膜剂的表面药物分布均匀,本发明所述膜剂崩解时间小于20s,弹性模量介于30~50MPa之间,断裂伸长率在17%以上,说明所述口腔速溶膜具有适宜的机械性能。
(2)X-射线粉末衍射及红外分析显示,地塞米松在膜剂中是以非晶体状态存在,有利于药物的溶出和吸收。
(3)本发明所述的地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂的药物体外溶出速率和程度均得到了明显改善,在45分钟时达到74.64%;而原料药在45分钟时累积溶出释放度仅为16.86%。
(4)本发明所述的地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂具有制备工艺简单,崩解速度快,携带方便,服药不受时间地点的限制,无需伴服剂伴服,顺应性好等优点。
附图说明
图1为偶联物PUVS的合成路线;
图2为偶联物PUVS的IR图谱;
图3为偶联物PUVS的1H-NMR图谱;
图4为地塞米松口腔速溶膜DEX-FDOF及地塞米松DEX的溶出曲线图;
图5为地塞米松口腔速溶膜(左)和空白膜(右)的扫面电镜图;
图6为地塞米松口腔速溶膜DEX-FDOF、空白膜FDOF、普鲁兰多糖PUL和地塞米松DEX的X-射线粉末衍射对比图;
图7为地塞米松口腔速溶膜DEX-FDOF、空白膜FDOF、普鲁兰多糖PUL和地塞米松DEX的红外对比图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例,并结合附图对本发明的技术方案作进一步的具体说明。
实施例1:
一种地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂,所述口腔速溶膜剂由下列质量百分比的组分组成:
地塞米松1.95%
PUVS 9.77%
成膜材料普鲁兰多糖78.13%
丙二醇6.25%
海藻酸钠3.9%。
上述配方的地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)制备偶联物PUVS:将普鲁兰多糖溶于DMSO得到普鲁兰多糖溶液待用,将摩尔比为1:1.2:1的4-二甲氨基吡啶DMAP、1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐EDC和维生素E琥珀酸酯VES溶于DMSO并在室温下搅拌活化1h后,缓慢滴加到前述普鲁兰多糖溶液中,所述普鲁兰多糖与VES的摩尔比为100:1,继续在室温下搅拌反应48h;将反应液滴加到无水乙醇中得到白色沉淀,将白色沉淀溶解于双蒸水后转移到透析袋(MwCO=10000)中,在双蒸水中透析72h,透析期间每8h换一次水,透析结束后将溶液冷冻干燥后得到偶联物PUVS,偶联物PUVS的合成路线如图1所示,IR图谱如图2所示,1H-NMR图谱如图3所示;
(2)制备载药混悬液:用33%的乙醇溶液将配方量的偶联物PUVS和药物地塞米松充分溶解,搅拌1h后减压蒸发除去溶剂,再加入精密量取的蒸馏水(每10mg药物用量为2mL),并在45℃下水合1h,得到载药混悬液;
(3)制备口腔速溶膜:将配方量的成膜材料普鲁兰多糖加入上述步骤(2)制备得到的载药混悬液中,再加入配方量崩解剂海藻酸钠和增塑剂丙二醇,搅拌溶解,然后静置过夜脱气泡,第二天将浆液均匀涂布于玻璃板上,放于真空干燥箱中于30℃度干燥3h后,揭膜,得到地塞米松口腔速溶膜。
本实施例制得的地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂表面光滑,图5扫描电镜下观察发现载药膜剂的表面药物分布均匀,图6X-射线粉末衍射及图7红外分析显示,地塞米松在地塞米松口腔速溶膜DEX-FDOF中是以非晶体状态存在。本实施例制得的多批次的膜剂崩解时间均小于20s,弹性模量介于30~50MPa之间,断裂伸长率在17%以上,说明所述口腔速溶膜具有适宜的机械性能。
表1 DEX-FDOF崩解时间测定结果
实施例2:
一种地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂,所述口腔速溶膜剂由下列质量百分比的组分组成:
地塞米松1%
PUVS 6.3%
成膜材料90%
聚乙二醇4001.8%
交联羧甲基纤维素钠0.9%。
上述配方的地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)制备偶联物PUVS:将普鲁兰多糖溶于DMSO得到普鲁兰多糖溶液待用,将摩尔比为1:1.2:1的4-二甲氨基吡啶DMAP、1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐EDC和维生素E琥珀酸酯VES溶于DMSO并在室温下搅拌活化1h后,缓慢滴加到前述普鲁兰多糖溶液中,所述普鲁兰多糖与VES的摩尔比为150:1,继续在室温下搅拌反应48h;将反应液滴加到无水乙醇中得到白色沉淀,将白色沉淀溶解于双蒸水后转移到透析袋(MwCO=10000)中,在双蒸水中透析72h,透析期间每8h换一次水,透析结束后将溶液冷冻干燥后得到偶联物PUVS;
(2)制备载药混悬液:用20%的乙醇溶液将配方量的偶联物PUVS和药物地塞米松充分溶解,搅拌1h后减压蒸发除去溶剂,再加入精密量取的蒸馏水(每10mg药物用量为2mL),并在30℃下水合2h,得到载药混悬液;
(3)制备口腔速溶膜:将配方量的成膜材料加入上述步骤(2)制备得到的载药混悬液中,再加入配方量增塑剂聚乙二醇和崩解剂交联羧甲基纤维素钠,搅拌溶解,然后静置过夜脱气泡,第二天将浆液均匀涂布于玻璃板上,放于真空干燥箱中于50℃度干燥2h后,揭膜,得到地塞米松口腔速溶膜。
实施例3:
一种地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂,所述口腔速溶膜剂由下列质量百分比的组分组成:
地塞米松5%
PUVS 15%
成膜材料64%
甘油6.4%
羧甲基淀粉钠9.6%。
上述配方的地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)制备偶联物PUVS:将普鲁兰多糖溶于DMSO得到普鲁兰多糖溶液待用,将摩尔比为1:1.2:1的4-二甲氨基吡啶DMAP、1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐EDC和维生素E琥珀酸酯VES溶于DMSO并在室温下搅拌活化1h后,缓慢滴加到前述普鲁兰多糖溶液中,所述普鲁兰多糖与VES的摩尔比为30:1,继续在室温下搅拌反应48h;将反应液滴加到无水乙醇中得到白色沉淀,将白色沉淀溶解于双蒸水后转移到透析袋(MwCO=10000)中,在双蒸水中透析72h,透析期间每8h换一次水,透析结束后将溶液冷冻干燥后得到偶联物PUVS;
(2)制备载药混悬液:用40%的乙醇溶液将配方量的偶联物PUVS和药物地塞米松充分溶解,搅拌1h后减压蒸发除去溶剂,再加入精密量取的蒸馏水(每10mg药物用量为2mL),并在60℃下水合0.5h,得到载药混悬液;
(3)制备口腔速溶膜:将配方量的成膜材料加入上述步骤(2)制备得到的载药混悬液中,再加入配方量的增塑剂甘油和崩解剂羧甲基淀粉钠搅拌溶解,搅拌溶解,然后静置过夜脱气泡,第二天将浆液均匀涂布于玻璃板上,放于真空干燥箱中于20℃度干燥5h后,揭膜,得到地塞米松口腔速溶膜。
实施例4:
一种地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂,所述口腔速溶膜剂由下列质量百分比的组分组成:
地塞米松1%
PUVS 2.2%
成膜材料88%
丙二醇3.52%
海藻酸钠5.28%。
上述地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂的制备方法同实施例1。
试验例:地塞米松口腔速溶膜体外溶出试验
使用美国药典桨法溶出装置来研究实施例1制备得到的地塞米松口腔速溶膜DEX-FDOF中DEX的溶出度,溶出条件:PBS缓冲液(PH=6.8)250mL为溶出介质,转速为100r·min-1,温度为(37±0.5)℃。供试品制备:将DEX-FDOF剪切成6片2×2cm2的片状(含DEX约4.8mg)。分别于5,10,15,30,45,60和90min取样5mL,并补充同体积预热至37℃的溶出介质,所取样品经过滤后,用UV法进行测定并计算DEX的含量。
如图4结果所示,DEX-FDOF在10分钟的累积溶出释放度达到47.04%,在45分钟时达到74.64%;而原料药DEX在10分钟时的累积溶出释放度仅为2.57%,在45分钟时累积溶出释放度也仅为16.86%;由此表明本发明将DEX制备成口腔速溶膜后,其体外溶出速率和程度均得到了明显改善。
以上所述的实施例只是本发明的较佳方案,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,在不超出权利要求所记载的技术方案的前提下还有其它的变体及改型。
Claims (10)
1.一种地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂,其特征在于,由下列质量百分比的组分组成:
地塞米松1%-5%
偶联物1%-15%
成膜材料64%-90%
增塑剂为成膜材料的2%-10%
崩解剂为成膜材料的1%-15%
其中,所述成膜材料为普鲁兰多糖;偶联物为普鲁兰多糖-维生素E琥珀酸酯偶联物PUVS。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂,其特征在于,由下列质量百分比的组分组成:
地塞米松1.95%
偶联物9.77%
成膜材料78.13%
增塑剂6.25%
崩解剂3.90%。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂,其特征在于,所述增塑剂为甘油、丙二醇、聚乙二醇400中的任意一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂,其特征在于,所述崩解剂为羧甲基淀粉钠、交联羧甲基纤维素钠、海藻酸钠中的任意一种。
5.一种权利要求1-4任一所述地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)制备偶联物PUVS:将普鲁兰多糖溶于溶剂得到普鲁兰多糖溶液待用,将4-二甲氨基吡啶、1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐和维生素E琥珀酸酯溶于溶剂并在室温下搅拌活化1h后,缓慢滴加到前述普鲁兰多糖溶液中,继续在室温下搅拌反应48h,后处理后得到偶联物PUVS;
(2)制备载药混悬液:用乙醇溶液将步骤(1)制备的偶联物PUVS和药物地塞米松充分溶解,搅拌1h后除去溶剂,加入蒸馏水后在一定温度下水合一定时间,得到载药混悬液;
(3)制备口腔速溶膜:将成膜材料、增塑剂和崩解剂加入步骤(2)制备得到的载药混悬液中,搅拌溶解,静置过夜脱气泡后,将浆液均匀涂布于玻璃板上,于真空干燥箱中一定温度下干燥后,揭膜,得到地塞米松口腔速溶膜。
6.根据权利要求5所述一种地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述的溶剂为有机溶剂,包括二甲基亚砜。
7.根据权利要求5所述一种地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述的4-二甲氨基吡啶、1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐和维生素E琥珀酸酯的摩尔比为1:1.2:1;普鲁兰多糖与维生素E琥珀酸酯的摩尔比为30-150:1。
8.根据权利要求5所述一种地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述后处理为将反应液滴加到无水乙醇中得到白色沉淀,将白色沉淀溶解于双蒸水后转移到透析袋中,在双蒸水中透析72h,透析期间每8h换一次水,透析结束后将溶液冷冻干燥后得到偶联物PUVS。
9.根据权利要求5所述一种地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中所述乙醇溶液浓度为20%-40%,所述蒸馏水用量是药物的0.2mL/mg,水化温度为30℃-60℃,水化时间为0.5h-2h。
10.根据权利要求5所述一种地塞米松口腔速溶膜剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中所述干燥温度为20℃-50℃,干燥时间为2h-5h。
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