Background
Vanillin derivatives have been developed for a long time, but there are few products that can be widely used in agriculture and obtain beneficial effects. Intensive research on vanillin derivatives is carried out at Guizhou university, and the patent CN106467478A applied to the university discloses a dithioacetal-containing vanillin derivative, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the compound can inhibit plant viruses such as tobacco mosaic virus, cucumber mosaic virus and potato virus Y. In subsequent researches, patent CN110305052A discloses radioisotope carbon-14 labeled Vanilla thioketal and a preparation method and application thereof, 14C labeled raw materials are adopted to synthesize 14C-Vanilla thioketal, a trace 14C labeled synthetic method of the 14C labeled Vanilla thioketal is established, high-temperature and high-pressure reaction is avoided, the production is safe, and the synthetic cost is low. The radioisotope carbon-14 labeled Vanillythiosis ether can be used for tracing the pollution evolution law research of migration transformation, metabolic degradation, absorption enrichment and the like of the Vanillythiosis ether in the environment and a living body, and provides technical support for comprehensively evaluating the ecological environment safety of the Vanillythiosis ether.
The copper abietate is a novel, high-efficiency and broad-spectrum bactericide, has good control effect on various fungi and bacterial diseases which damage crops, can quickly form a 'medicine film' with good adhesion when the copper abietate liquid medicine is sprayed on the surfaces of the crops, and copper ions on the film can effectively kill pathogenic bacteria falling on the medicine film, thereby preventing the invasion of pathogenic bacteria. The copper abietate has strong adhesiveness, spreadability and permeability, so that the pesticide effect is durable and the copper abietate is more resistant to rain wash; even if the drug is exposed to rain within half an hour after the application, the drug effect is not obviously affected.
The occurrence of bacterial diseases of crops and the loss caused by the bacterial diseases are increased year by year, but the prevention and control medicaments for the bacterial diseases are less, the development of the prevention and control medicaments for the bacterial diseases is not paid enough attention, and the prevention and control products and the technology for the bacterial diseases are relatively lagged behind the fungal diseases, so that the bacterial diseases of the crops become important diseases which seriously influence the agricultural production in some areas of Hainan. The invention solves the problem of bacterial diseases of crops by compounding the vanilla thioketal and the copper rosinate, and provides a bacterial disease control medicament capable of synergizing.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a pesticidal composition comprising a Vanilthioketal which is a compound of the following formula (I):
wherein the weight ratio of the Vanilthioketal to the copper rosinate is 1: 0.01-100.
Preferably, in the pesticide composition, the weight ratio of the Vanilthioketal to the copper rosinate is 1: 0.05-50. Particularly preferably, the weight ratio of the Vanilthioketal to the copper rosinate is 1: 0.1-10.0. Particularly preferably, the weight ratio of the Vanilthioketal to the copper rosinate is 1: 0.2-6.0.
Preferably, in the pesticide composition, the sum of the weight of the Vanilthioketal and the weight of the copper rosinate accounts for 1 to 70 percent of the weight of the pesticide composition, and the sum of the weight of the Vanilthioketal and the weight of the copper rosinate accounts for 4 to 30 percent of the weight of the pesticide composition.
Preferably, in the pesticide composition, the pesticide composition further comprises an agricultural auxiliary and a carrier, the sum of the weights of the agricultural auxiliary and the carrier accounts for 30-99% of the weight of the pesticide composition, and preferably, the sum of the weights of the agricultural auxiliary and the carrier accounts for 40-95% of the weight of the pesticide composition.
Preferably, the pesticide composition is a pesticide preparation, and the dosage form of the pesticide preparation is soluble liquid, soluble granules, wettable powder, water dispersible granules, microemulsion, missible oil, aqueous emulsion, suspending agent, suspending emulsion, microcapsule suspending agent or seed coating agent.
The invention also provides application of the pesticide composition, and the pesticide composition is used for preventing and treating crop diseases, wherein the crop diseases are crop bacterial diseases, crop fungal diseases or crop virus diseases.
Preferably, in the above uses, the pesticide composition is used for controlling crop bacterial diseases or crop virus diseases.
Preferably, in the above use, the crop is a food crop, a vegetable crop, a fruit tree or a commercial crop. Preferably, the crop is one of pepper, tomato, rice or wheat.
The invention also provides a method for preventing and treating crop bacterial diseases by applying the pesticide composition, which comprises the step of applying the pesticide composition to roots, stems, leaves, flowers or fruits of plants in a spraying, root irrigation, furrow application or seed soaking mode, wherein the application concentration is 5000 times of that of the pesticide, and preferably 300 times of that of the pesticide, 2000 times of that of the pesticide.
The invention has the advantages of
The compound composition prepared from the Vanillythion ether and the copper rosinate has a synergistic effect on the prevention and treatment of bacterial diseases of crops, although the effect of the Vanillythion ether on the prevention and treatment of bacterial diseases is not good, the compound composition can have an excellent synergistic effect on the copper rosinate, the application of the compound preparation disclosed by the invention can realize the prevention and treatment of bacterial diseases of crops to be more than 90%, and the application method of the compound preparation of the Vanillythion ether and the copper rosinate is preferably to continuously apply the medicine for two times, and the two times of application of the medicine has a more prominent effect on the prevention and treatment of bacterial diseases of wheat.
Detailed Description
In the following examples, the chemical agents for preventing and treating bacterial diseases of pepper, tomato, rice and wheat are Vanilothiazole ether and copper rosinate, the Vanilothiazole ether is prepared by high-tech agricultural company of Hainan Zhengye, the copper rosinate is purchased from the market, and 35% of copper rosinate is adopted for preparation during compounding. The Vanillythion is prepared into 6% emulsifiable solution, and the Vanillythion and copper abietate are used in preparing emulsifiable solution preparation in corresponding proportion.
In the investigation statistics of the prevention and treatment effects of bacterial diseases, the investigation methods aiming at pepper bacterial leaf spot, tomato soft rot, wheat bacterial streak and rice bacterial leaf blight are carried out by adopting a conventional disease grading method, and the disease index and the prevention and treatment effects are calculated.
In the following examples, the method for determining whether two agents are synergistic is as follows:
calculating the theoretical prevention effect of the compound preparation according to the actual prevention and control effect of the single preparation:
E0=Xa+Xb-Xa*Xb/100
wherein:
Xathe control effect (%) of the single agent a is shown.
XbThe control effect (%) of the single agent b is shown.
E0Is a theoretical control effect of compoundingFruit (%).
E1Is the actual prevention and treatment effect of the compound preparation, if E1>E0The two medicaments have synergistic effect after being compounded, E1Greater than E0The larger the value of (b) is, the more excellent the synergistic effect is. If E is1≈E0Then, the two agents are added synergistically after being compounded, if E1<E0The antagonism after the two medicaments are compounded is indicated.
EXAMPLE 1 control of Pepper bacterial leaf Spot
The field test arrangement of the bacterial leaf spot of the capsicum is carried out in a capsicum planting base in the old city of Chengmei county, Hainan province, the capsicum is pod pepper, three times of the test are set, 50 capsicums are repeated for each capsicum, the pesticide application period is about 10 days before the first flowering of the capsicum, 6% of Vanillythion ether missible oil, 30% of copper rosinate missible oil, medicaments with different proportions of Vanillythion ether and copper rosinate are sprayed, clear water is applied in blank control, the application amount of the clear water is the same as that of the medicaments, the disease index of the bacterial leaf spot of the capsicum is investigated 10 days after the pesticide is applied, and then the prevention and treatment effect of the bacterial leaf spot is calculated. The specific application concentration and the control effect are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 prevention and cure of pepper bacterial leaf spot by different proportions of Vanilla thioketal and copper rosinate
Medicament
|
Concentration (ppm)
|
Control effect (%)
|
Theoretical control effect (%)
|
6% Vanillythion ether emulsifiable concentrate
|
50
|
12.5
|
—
|
30% copper abietate emulsion
|
10
|
35.6
|
—
|
30% copper abietate emulsion
|
50
|
47.1
|
—
|
30% copper abietate emulsion
|
100
|
52.8
|
—
|
30% copper abietate emulsion
|
200
|
63.7
|
—
|
30% copper abietate emulsion
|
300
|
72.5
|
—
|
Vanillythion ether + copper rosinate
|
50+10
|
53.8
|
43.7
|
Vanillythion ether + copper rosinate
|
50+50
|
60.8
|
53.7
|
Vanillythion ether + copper rosinate
|
50+100
|
71.4
|
58.7
|
Vanillythion ether + copper rosinate
|
50+200
|
78.5
|
68.2
|
Vanillythion ether + copper rosinate
|
50+300
|
86.0
|
75.9 |
The control on the bacterial leaf spot of the capsicum can show that the proportion of the Vanilla thioketal and the copper rosinate is 1:0.2-6.0, and the synergistic effect is obvious.
Example 2 control of tomato Soft rot
Preparing an emulsifiable concentrate preparation of Vanillythion and copper abietate, preparing 4.5% of fragrant and pine emulsifiable concentrate, 6% of fragrant and pine emulsifiable concentrate, 9% of fragrant and pine emulsifiable concentrate and 30% of fragrant and pine emulsifiable concentrate according to the weight ratio of 1:0.5, 1:1, 1:2 and 1:9, and respectively controlling the soft rot of the tomato. The test field is a tomato planting field in east city of Hainan province, the drug application is carried out twice, the dilution times of each drug during the drug application are shown in the following table 2, the first drug application period is a tomato fruit setting period, each treatment period is 3 repetitions, and each repetition period is 50 tomatoes. And carrying out second pesticide application 10 days after the first pesticide application, wherein the dilution multiple of each pesticide is the same as that of the first pesticide application in the second pesticide application, and investigating the control effect of the tomato soft rot 10 days after the second pesticide application. The specific application conditions and the control effect conditions are shown in the following table 2.
TABLE 2 control of tomato soft rot by Vanilla thioketal and copper rosinate in different ratios
Medicament
|
Multiple of application
|
Control effect after second application (%)
|
4.5% of balsam pine nut oil
|
1000 times of
|
87.4
|
6% of fragrant pine cream
|
1000 times of
|
88.5
|
9% of fragrant pine oil
|
1000 times of
|
90.1
|
30% of fragrant pine cream
|
1000 times of
|
94.8 |
As can be seen from Table 2, the control effect on tomato soft rot is good under the condition that the weight ratio of the thioketal to the copper rosinate is 1:0.5, 1:1, 1:2 and 1:9, the highest control effect can reach 94.8, and although the concentration of the thioketal in the finally applied liquid medicine is changed from 300ppm to 25ppm under different ratios, the compound medicament still has good control effect, and the best control effect can reach more than 94%.
Example 3 use of 9% Xiang-Song butter to control bacterial blight of rice
A rice bacterial leaf blight prevention and control test is carried out on potted rice by applying 9% Xiangsong-pine missible oil (3% Vanillythion ether and 6% copper rosinate), 3% Vanillythion ether missible oil and 6% copper rosinate missible oil, wherein each agent treatment is provided with three repetitions, each repetition is 2 pots of rice, and the number of rice plants in each pot is more than 10. The application time is the tillering stage of the rice, the application concentration is 600 times, 900 times and 1200 times respectively, the blank control is clear water, and the clear water application amount and the liquid medicine application amount are the same. The disease index of bacterial leaf blight of rice is investigated when and 15 days after application, and then the control effect of the bacterial leaf blight of rice is calculated, and the specific application condition and the control condition are as shown in the following table 3.
Results of controlling bacterial blight of rice with balsam of Table 39%
Medicament
|
Multiple of
|
Control effect (%)
|
3% Vanillythion ether emulsifiable concentrate
|
600 times of
|
21.8
|
6% copper abietate emulsion
|
600 times of
|
68.4
|
9% of fragrant pine oil
|
600 times of
|
89.6
|
9% of fragrant pine oil
|
900 times that of
|
80.1
|
9% of fragrant pine oil
|
1200 times of
|
76.6 |
As can be seen from Table 3, the 9% Xiang-Song butter has a more excellent application rate of 600 times when controlling bacterial blight of rice, i.e. the concentration of the active ingredients of Vanillythion and copper rosinate is 150ppm, the control effect of a single application can exceed 60%, and in controlling bacterial blight of rice, the Vanillythion and the copper rosinate are synergistic under the condition that the weight ratio is 1: 2.
Example 4 prevention of bacterial leaf streak in wheat Using 600-fold liquid of 9% Colophonium and pine oil
The method comprises the steps of spraying 600 times of 9% Xiangsong pine missible oil (3% Vanilla-thioketal and 6% copper rosinate) to potted wheat for the first time in a seedling stage, carrying out two treatments of pesticide application, treating 1 pot of wheat with clear water, treating the 600 times of 9% Xiangsong pine missible oil into 3 pots of wheat, wherein more than 10 plants of wheat are planted in each pot, carrying out the second pesticide application on the 7 th day after the first pesticide application, and keeping the spraying times of the 9% Xiangsong pine missible oil to be 600 times. The disease indexes of wheat bacterial streak and wheat virus diseases are investigated 7 days after the first pesticide application, the first pesticide application and the second pesticide application, the control effect of 600 times of 9% Xiangsong-pine missible oil on the wheat bacterial streak can reach 86.5%, the control effect on the wheat virus diseases reaches 58.2%, the control effect of 600 times of 9% Xiangsong-pine missible oil on the wheat bacterial streak can reach 95.7% and the control effect on the wheat virus diseases reaches 72.5% 7 days after the second pesticide application, and the test proves that the control effects on the wheat bacterial streak and the wheat virus diseases can be greatly improved by 600 times of the 9% Xiangsong-pine missible oil applied twice. In the experiment, when wheat virus diseases are investigated, all the virus diseases such as yellow dwarf, bush dwarf, soil-borne mosaic, yellow mosaic, spindle mosaic and stripe mosaic are investigated, any virus disease is detected and counted for calculating the disease index, and then the whole prevention and treatment effect of the wheat virus diseases is counted. The investigation of viral diseases also adopts a disease grading investigation method.