CN111662740B - Method and system for processing oil products on ship - Google Patents

Method and system for processing oil products on ship Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111662740B
CN111662740B CN202010548700.XA CN202010548700A CN111662740B CN 111662740 B CN111662740 B CN 111662740B CN 202010548700 A CN202010548700 A CN 202010548700A CN 111662740 B CN111662740 B CN 111662740B
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China
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oil
tower
atmospheric
crude oil
ship
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CN111662740A (en
Inventor
门存贵
付会娟
于斌
高建洛
马之清
张尚文
路来光
吕联
高鸿博
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Minyun Information Technology Co ltd
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Minyun Information Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010548700.XA priority Critical patent/CN111662740B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2020/097190 priority patent/WO2021253428A1/en
Publication of CN111662740A publication Critical patent/CN111662740A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G7/00—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/8631—Processes characterised by a specific device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/18—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the purification of gaseous effluents

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method and a system for processing oil products on a ship, wherein the method comprises the following steps: processing crude oil by an oil processing device arranged on a ship deck to obtain fuel oil, diesel oil and naphtha; carrying out steam stripping treatment on sulfur-containing wastewater generated in the processing process through an acidic water steam stripping device arranged on a ship deck and recycling the treated purified water; carrying out denitration treatment on the flue gas generated in the processing process and the flue gas generated by ship power generation and boiler combustion through a flue gas denitration device arranged on a ship deck; the system comprises a ship, a finished oil power generation unit, an oil product processing unit, an acidic water stripping unit, a flue gas denitration unit and a ship, wherein the finished oil power generation unit arranged on a deck of the ship generates power by using fuel oil and/or diesel oil obtained by processing crude oil, and supplies power to the oil product processing unit, the acidic water stripping unit, the flue gas denitration unit and the ship; the steam boiler installed on the deck of the ship burns fuel oil and/or diesel oil obtained by processing crude oil to generate steam, and is used for an oil product processing device, an acid water stripping device and the ship.

Description

Method and system for processing oil products on ship
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil product processing, in particular to a method and a system for processing oil products on a ship.
Background
The petrochemical industry is an important basic industry of national economy in China and is also one of the main industries of the manufacturing industry in China. Because crude oil is a mixture of very complex hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon compounds, in order to process crude oil into petroleum products meeting the product index requirements, the crude oil needs to be subjected to secondary processing technologies such as desalting and dehydration, atmospheric and vacuum distillation primary processing and thermal cracking, catalytic cracking, hydrocracking, catalytic reforming, refinery gas processing, petroleum product refining and the like. The refining technology has developed over the last century and conventional refining technology is well established.
Generally, a refinery project is a sequential and continuous process from planning to the final completion of the project. The current oil refining projects are all built on land, and the basic construction process is roughly divided into four stages: a construction project decision-making stage, a construction preparation stage, a project construction stage and a test run assessment stage; the construction project decision-making stage relates to the examination and approval of local administrative departments, the examination and approval period is long, and the project construction period is uncontrollable; the construction preparation stage relates to procedures such as land acquisition and approval, and is influenced by multiple factors such as local residents, cultures and governments, so that the overall progress of the project construction period is delayed. Therefore, the optimal investment opportunity is easily missed for the high-profit projects with short construction period and high time node requirements. Moreover, the oil refining chemical device is built in a land fixed area, the occupied area is large, the transportation cost of raw materials and products is high, the water resource consumption is large, and the production emission is strictly limited by the environmental protection standard of the location.
FPSO (floating Production Storage and offloading), namely a floating Production oil Storage and unloading device, is mainly used for primary processing and Storage of crude oil. The FPSO is a comprehensive large offshore oil production base integrating personnel living and production command systems into a whole, and is used for carrying out oil-gas separation on the mined oil, treating oily sewage, generating power, supplying heat and storing and transporting crude oil products. Compared with other forms of oil production platforms, the FPSO has the advantages of strong wind and wave resistance, wide water depth range adaptation, large oil storage and discharge capacity, transferability and reusability, is widely suitable for the development of deep sea, shallow sea and marginal oil fields far away from seacoast, and has become the mainstream production mode of offshore oil and gas field development.
The FPSO functions to perform simple processing and product storage and transportation of crude oil. At present, no technology for integrally arranging an oil refining device on an oil tanker according to ship design specifications so as to realize deep processing of crude oil and storage of refined products exists worldwide.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a method and a system capable of performing deep processing of crude oil on a ship.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of processing oil on board a vessel, comprising the steps of:
processing crude oil by an oil processing device arranged on a ship deck to obtain fuel oil, diesel oil and naphtha;
carrying out steam stripping treatment on sulfur-containing wastewater generated in the crude oil processing process through an acid water steam stripping device arranged on a ship deck and recycling the treated purified water;
carrying out denitration treatment on the flue gas generated in the crude oil processing process and the flue gas generated by ship power generation and boiler combustion through a flue gas denitration device arranged on a ship deck;
the system comprises an oil product processing device, an acid water stripping device, a flue gas denitration device and a ship, wherein a product oil power generation unit arranged on a deck of the ship generates power by using fuel oil and/or diesel oil obtained by processing crude oil, and supplies power to the oil product processing device, the acid water stripping device, the flue gas denitration device and the ship;
the steam boiler provided on the deck of the ship burns fuel oil and/or diesel oil obtained by processing crude oil to generate steam for the oil processing device, the acid water stripping device, and the ship itself.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the seawater is desalinated, a part of the seawater is used as circulating water to cool the oil product processing unit, and another part of the seawater is sent to the steam boiler to generate steam.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the processing of crude oil by an oil processing device provided on a deck of a ship comprises:
the method comprises the following steps of conveying crude oil stored in a crude oil cabin storage chamber to a raw material buffer tank (1), performing crude oil-atmospheric top gas heat exchange treatment and multistage crude oil-atmospheric bottom oil heat exchange treatment, then entering an atmospheric pressure furnace (8), heating by an atmospheric pressure furnace, and then entering an atmospheric pressure tower (9) for separation treatment;
oil gas at the top of the atmospheric tower is subjected to heat exchange and cooling treatment and then enters a reflux tank (12) at the top of the atmospheric tower for oil, gas and water separation, wherein the separated atmospheric top oil is separated into two parts after being pumped out by a top oil pump (13), one part of the atmospheric top oil flows back to the top section of the atmospheric tower, the other part of the atmospheric top oil is used as naphtha fraction and is conveyed to a naphtha stabilizer (14) after being subjected to heat exchange treatment, the separated atmospheric top sulfur-containing wastewater is conveyed to the acid water stripping device, and the separated atmospheric top gas is used as fuel of the atmospheric furnace;
extracting the extract liquid in the middle section of the atmospheric tower by a middle section reflux pump (16) and then dividing the extract liquid into two parts, wherein one part exchanges heat with a crude oil-middle section reflux heat exchanger (18) and then reflows to the middle section of the atmospheric tower, the other part is conveyed to a light diesel oil stripping tower (17), and light diesel oil at the bottom of the light diesel oil stripping tower is extracted and is conveyed to a finished oil power generation unit as fuel after being cooled;
pumping out the bottom oil of the atmospheric tower through a normal bottom oil pump (21), and after heat exchange and cooling treatment, conveying the bottom oil serving as a fuel oil product to a storage chamber of a finished oil ship cabin, and conveying the other part serving as fuel to the steam boiler;
cooling the gas at the top of the stabilizer, then feeding the gas into a reflux tank (28) at the top of the stabilizer for gas-liquid separation, refluxing the separated liquid into the naphtha stabilizer (14), and conveying the separated gas serving as fuel to the atmospheric furnace; and (4) carrying out heat exchange and cooling treatment on the stable naphtha at the tower bottom, and then conveying the stable naphtha to a storage chamber of a finished product oil ship cabin.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stripping treatment of sulfur-containing wastewater generated during crude oil processing by an acid water stripping device provided on a deck of a ship and the recycling of treated purified water comprises:
transferring sulfur-containing wastewater generated in the crude oil processing process to the acidic water stripper (23) after heat exchange treatment;
cooling the acidic gas at the top of the acidic water stripper, then feeding the cooled acidic gas into a reflux tank (35) at the top of the acidic water stripper for gas-liquid separation, feeding the separated liquid back to the acidic water stripper (23), and feeding the separated acidic gas to the atmospheric furnace (8) for incineration;
and (3) carrying out heat exchange and cooling treatment on the purified water at the bottom of the acidic water stripper, and conveying the purified water to the top section of the normal pressure tower for recycling.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the denitration treatment of the flue gas generated in the crude oil processing process and the flue gas generated by the ship power generation and boiler combustion by the flue gas denitration device arranged on the deck of the ship comprises:
spraying urea into the flue (39) to be mixed with the flue gas in the flue for pyrolysis;
enabling the flue gas subjected to the mixed pyrolysis treatment to enter a denitration reactor (41) through a metal tube filter (40), and enabling ammonia and oxynitride in the flue gas to generate reduction reaction of oxynitride on the surface of a catalyst;
the purified flue gas after reaction is discharged through a chimney (42).
According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the temperature at the top of the atmospheric column (9) is 105-155 ℃ and the pressure is 20-70kpa (g); the bottom temperature is 270 ℃ and 300 ℃, and the pressure is 50-100kpa (g).
According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the crude oil pumped out from the raw material buffer tank (1) is subjected to crude oil-atmospheric top gas heat exchange treatment and multi-stage crude oil-atmospheric bottom oil heat exchange treatment at the temperature of 250 ℃ and then enters the atmospheric pressure furnace (8) to be heated to 350 ℃ and then enters the atmospheric pressure tower (9) to be separated.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the naphtha stabilizer (14) has a top temperature of 50-70 ℃ and a pressure of 400-; the temperature of the bottom of the tower is 120-150 ℃, and the pressure is 450-550kpa (g); the heat of the naphtha stabilizer column (14) is supplied from a stabilizer column bottom reboiler (26) disposed at the bottom thereof.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the top of the acid water stripper is 110-; the temperature of the bottom of the tower is 120-140 ℃, and the pressure is 150-200kpa (g); the heat of the sour water stripper column (23) is provided by a sour water stripper reboiler (22) disposed at the bottom thereof.
Further, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a system for processing oil on a ship, comprising:
the oil processing device is arranged on a deck of the ship and is used for processing crude oil to obtain fuel oil, diesel oil and naphtha;
the acidic water stripping device is arranged on a ship deck and is used for carrying out stripping treatment on sulfur-containing wastewater generated in the crude oil processing process and recycling the treated purified water;
the flue gas denitration device is arranged on a ship deck and is used for carrying out denitration treatment on flue gas generated in the crude oil processing process and flue gas generated by ship power generation and boiler combustion;
the finished oil power generation unit is arranged on a deck of the ship and is used for generating power by using the fuel oil and/or diesel oil processed by the oil processing device and supplying power to the oil processing device, the acidic water stripping device, the flue gas denitration device and the ship;
and the steam boiler is arranged on the deck of the ship and is used for combusting the fuel oil and/or the diesel oil processed by the oil product processing device to generate steam, and the generated steam is used for the oil product processing device, the acid water stripping device and the ship.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the system further comprises a seawater desalination device, after the seawater is desalinated by the seawater desalination device, a part of the seawater is used as circulating water to cool the oil product processing device, and the other part of the seawater is sent to the steam boiler to generate steam.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the oil processing plant comprises:
a raw material buffer tank (1) which is communicated with the crude oil cabin storage chamber through a crude oil pump;
the normal pressure furnace (8) is communicated with the raw material buffer tank (1) through a crude oil pump (2), and a crude oil-normal bottom oil first heat exchanger (3), a crude oil-normal top gas heat exchanger (4), a crude oil-normal bottom oil second heat exchanger (5), a crude oil-normal bottom oil third heat exchanger (6), a crude oil-middle section reflux heat exchanger (18) and a crude oil-normal bottom oil fourth heat exchanger (7) are sequentially arranged between a crude oil outlet of the crude oil pump (2) and a crude oil inlet of the normal pressure furnace (8) along a crude oil flowing direction;
the rectifying section of the atmospheric tower (9) adopts a packed tower, the stripping section adopts a plate tower, and a crude oil inlet of the atmospheric tower is communicated with a crude oil outlet of the atmospheric furnace;
an oil gas inlet of the atmospheric tower reflux tank (12) is communicated with an oil gas outlet of an atmospheric tower top section, the crude oil-atmospheric top gas heat exchanger (4), the low-temperature hot water-atmospheric top gas heat exchanger (10) and the atmospheric top cooler (11) are sequentially arranged between the oil gas inlet of the atmospheric tower top tank (12) and the oil gas outlet of the atmospheric tower top section along the oil gas flowing direction, and a sulfur-containing sewage outlet of the atmospheric tower reflux tank (12) is communicated with the acidic water stripping device through an atmospheric top sewage pump (15);
a naphtha stabilizer (14) which adopts a packed tower, the bottom of the packed tower is provided with a stabilizer bottom reboiler (26), a normal overhead oil outlet of the normal overhead tower reflux tank (12) is communicated with an inlet of a normal overhead oil pump (13), an outlet of the normal overhead oil pump (13) is communicated with a normal overhead oil inlet of the normal pressure tower top section and communicated with a naphtha fraction inlet of the naphtha stabilizer (14) through a stabilizer feed-bottom oil heat exchanger (25), and a stabilizer naphtha outlet arranged at the bottom of the naphtha stabilizer (14) is communicated with the product oil hold storage chamber through a stabilizer bottom pump (30), the stabilizer feed-bottom oil heat exchanger (25) and a naphtha cooler (31);
a stabilizer overhead reflux drum (28) having an inlet in communication with a stabilizer overhead gas outlet via a stabilizer overhead cooler (27), a liquid phase reflux outlet in communication with a reflux inlet of the naphtha stabilizer via a stabilizer overhead reflux pump (29), and a gas phase outlet in communication with the atmospheric furnace (8);
the device comprises a light diesel oil stripping tower (17), a packed tower is adopted, an extract outlet in the middle section of an atmospheric tower is communicated with an inlet of a middle section reflux pump (16), an outlet of the middle section reflux pump (16) is respectively communicated with an extract reflux inlet in the middle section of the atmospheric tower and an inlet of the light diesel oil stripping tower (17), and an outlet arranged at the bottom of the light diesel oil stripping tower (17) is communicated with a finished product oil generator set through a light diesel oil pump (19) and a light diesel oil cooler (20);
wherein, set up in the export of the normal bottom oil of atmospheric tower bottom section communicates with the entry of normal bottom oil pump (21), the low reaches of normal bottom oil pump (21) have set gradually crude oil-normal bottom oil fourth heat exchanger (7), acid water stripper reboiler (22), stabilize tower bottom reboiler (26), crude oil-normal bottom oil third heat exchanger (6), crude oil-normal bottom oil second heat exchanger (5), crude oil-normal bottom oil first heat exchanger (3) and normal bottom oil cooler (24), the export of normal bottom oil cooler (24) respectively with finished product oil ship cabin storeroom with steam boiler intercommunication.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the middle section of the atmospheric tower is provided with a first section of packing and a second section of packing located below the first section of packing, the bottom of the first section of packing is provided with a total extraction plate, the extract outlet of the middle section of the atmospheric tower is located at the bottom position of the first section of packing, the extract reflux inlet of the middle section of the atmospheric tower is located at the top position of the second section of packing, and the extract outlet of the middle section of the atmospheric tower is communicated with the extract reflux inlet of the middle section of the atmospheric tower through the middle section reflux pump (16).
According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the acid water stripper comprises:
the acidic water stripping tower (23) adopts a packed tower, the bottom of the acidic water stripping tower is provided with the acidic water stripping tower reboiler (22), the inlet of the sulfur-containing sewage is communicated with the oil product processing device through an acidic water-purified water heat exchanger (32), and the outlet of the purified water arranged at the bottom of the acidic water stripping tower is respectively communicated with the atmospheric tower top section and the sewage treatment device through a purified water pump (37), the acidic water-purified water heat exchanger (32) and a purified water cooler (38);
and the acid gas inlet of the stripping tower top reflux tank (35) is communicated with the acid gas outlet of the acid water stripping tower top through an acid gas cooler (34), the liquid phase reflux outlet of the stripping tower top reflux tank is communicated with the reflux inlet of the acid water stripping tower through a stripping tower top reflux pump (36), and the gas phase outlet of the stripping tower top reflux tank is communicated with the atmospheric furnace (8).
In addition, the invention also provides a ship provided with the system for processing the oil product on the ship.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the vessel further comprises: the system comprises a torch system, a circulating water field, a sewage treatment device, a fire-fighting pump station system, an accident water collecting cabin, a substation, a cabinet room, an air compression station, a liquid nitrogen system and an analysis laboratory.
Compared with the prior art, the application has at least one of the following technical effects:
the invention provides a refining process method for a ship construction process device and an auxiliary production facility, and produces the clean ship fuel meeting the requirements of Petroleum products-specificities of marine fuels (ISO 8217-2017) through normal pressure distillation so as to meet the new environmental standard requirements, thereby not only reducing the exhaust emission of ship exhaust gas and being beneficial to environmental protection, but also being beneficial to the rapid and stable development of shipping service industry and having better environmental benefits and social benefits. The technological method for producing petrochemical products by ships is proposed for the first time in the world, the combination of the two industries of the ships and the petrochemical industry can be realized, and the establishment of movable devices and factories can be realized. According to the properties of processing raw materials, target products and the requirements of safety and environmental protection, the method for configuring necessary process devices and auxiliary production facilities is provided by combining the production characteristics of the marine petrochemical plant. The method is provided for reasonable type selection of equipment and provides a basis for exerting the function of the equipment by considering that the overwater operation is in the environment with complex and variable wind directions and ocean currents.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a method of processing oil on board a vessel according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an oil processing plant according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic of a sour water stripping apparatus, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 shows a schematic view of a flue gas denitration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the attached fig. 2: 1 raw material buffer tank, 2 raw oil pump, 3 crude oil-atmospheric bottom oil first heat exchanger, 4 crude oil-atmospheric top gas heat exchanger, 5 crude oil-atmospheric bottom oil second heat exchanger, 6 crude oil-atmospheric bottom oil third heat exchanger, 7 crude oil-atmospheric bottom oil fourth heat exchanger, 8 atmospheric furnace, 9 atmospheric tower, 10 low temperature hot water-atmospheric top gas heat exchanger, 11 atmospheric top cooler, 12 atmospheric top tower reflux tank, 13 atmospheric top oil pump, 14 naphtha stabilizer, 15 atmospheric top sewage pump, 16 middle section reflux pump, 17 light diesel stripper, 18 crude oil-middle section reflux heat exchanger, 19 light diesel pump, 20 light diesel cooler, 21 atmospheric bottom oil pump, 22 acid water stripper bottom reboiler, 23 acid water stripper, 24 atmospheric bottom oil cooler, 25 stabilizer feed-tower bottom oil heat exchanger, 26 stabilizer tower bottom reboiler, 27 stabilizer tower top cooler, 28 stabilizing overhead reflux tank, 29 stabilizing overhead reflux pump, 30 stabilizing bottom pump and 31 naphtha cooler; crude oil a, acid water b, naphtha c, light diesel oil d, low-sulfur fuel oil e, stripping steam f, stable overhead gas g, stable naphtha h and normal overhead gas i.
In FIG. 3: passing the acid water 32 through an acid water-purified water heat exchanger, an acid water stripper 23, a stripper bottom reboiler 22, an acid gas cooler 34, a stripper top reflux tank 35, a stripper top reflux pump 36, a purified water pump 37 and a purified water cooler 38; acid water I, acid gas J, constant bottom oil K and purified water L.
In fig. 4: 39 flue, 40 metal tube filter, 41 denitration reactor, 42 chimney; m urea, N mixed flue gas, O denitrated flue gas, P non-purified air and Q purified air.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present application, various aspects of the present application will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description is merely illustrative of exemplary embodiments of the present application and does not limit the scope of the present application in any way. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the specification. The expression "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It should be noted that the expressions first, second, etc. in this specification are used only to distinguish one feature from another feature, and do not indicate any limitation on the features.
The figures are purely diagrammatic and not drawn to scale.
It will be further understood that the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "including," and/or "including," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. Moreover, when a statement such as "at least one of" appears after a list of listed features, the entirety of the listed features is modified rather than modifying individual elements in the list. Furthermore, when describing embodiments of the present application, the use of "may" mean "one or more embodiments of the present application. Also, the term "exemplary" is intended to refer to an example or illustration.
As used herein, the terms "substantially," "about," and the like are used as terms of table approximation and not as terms of table degree, and are intended to account for inherent deviations in measured or calculated values that will be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
The present invention proposes a system for processing oil products on board a ship, as shown in fig. 1, the system comprising: the oil processing device is arranged on a deck of the ship and is used for processing crude oil to obtain fuel oil, diesel oil and naphtha; the acidic water stripping device is arranged on a ship deck and is used for carrying out stripping treatment on sulfur-containing wastewater generated in the crude oil processing process and recycling the treated purified water; the flue gas denitration device is arranged on a ship deck and is used for carrying out denitration treatment on flue gas generated in the crude oil processing process and flue gas generated by ship power generation and boiler combustion; the finished oil power generation unit is arranged on a deck of the ship and is used for generating power by using the fuel oil and/or diesel oil processed by the oil processing device and supplying power to the oil processing device, the acidic water stripping device, the flue gas denitration device and the ship; and the steam boiler is arranged on the deck of the ship and is used for combusting the fuel oil and/or the diesel oil processed by the oil product processing device to generate steam, and the generated steam is used for the oil product processing device, the acid water stripping device and the ship. Preferably, the system for processing oil products on the ship further comprises a seawater desalination device, after seawater is desalinated by the seawater desalination device, one part of seawater is used as circulating water to cool the oil product processing device, and the other part of seawater is conveyed to the steam boiler to generate steam.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, an oil processing apparatus of the present invention comprises: a raw material buffer tank 1 which is communicated with a crude oil cabin storage chamber via a crude oil pump; the atmospheric furnace 8 is communicated with the raw material buffer tank 1 through a crude oil pump 2, and a crude oil-atmospheric bottom oil first heat exchanger 3, a crude oil-atmospheric top gas heat exchanger 4, a crude oil-atmospheric bottom oil second heat exchanger 5, a crude oil-atmospheric bottom oil third heat exchanger 6 and a crude oil-atmospheric bottom oil fourth heat exchanger 7 are sequentially arranged between a crude oil outlet of the crude oil pump 2 and a crude oil inlet of the atmospheric furnace 8 along a crude oil flowing direction; the atmospheric tower 9 adopts a packed tower in the rectifying section and a plate tower in the stripping section, and a crude oil inlet of the atmospheric tower is communicated with a crude oil outlet of the atmospheric furnace; an oil gas inlet of the atmospheric tower reflux tank 12 is communicated with an oil gas outlet of an atmospheric tower top section, the crude oil-atmospheric top gas heat exchanger 4, the low-temperature hot water-atmospheric top gas heat exchanger 10 and the atmospheric top cooler 11 are sequentially arranged between the oil gas inlet of the atmospheric tower top tank 12 and the oil gas outlet of the atmospheric tower top section along the oil gas flowing direction, and a sulfur-containing sewage outlet of the atmospheric tower reflux tank 12 is communicated with the acidic water stripping device through an atmospheric top sewage pump 15; a naphtha stabilizer 14 which is a packed tower and is provided with a stabilizer bottom reboiler 26 at the bottom, wherein a normal overhead oil outlet of the normal overhead tower reflux tank 12 is communicated with an inlet of a normal overhead oil pump 13, an outlet of the normal overhead oil pump 13 is communicated with a normal overhead oil inlet of the normal pressure tower top section and is communicated with a naphtha fraction inlet of the naphtha stabilizer 14 through a stabilizer feed-bottom oil heat exchanger 25 (that is, an outlet of the normal overhead oil pump 13 is respectively communicated with the normal overhead oil inlet of the normal pressure tower top section and the naphtha fraction inlet of the naphtha stabilizer 14), and a stabilizer naphtha outlet provided at the bottom of the naphtha stabilizer 14 is communicated with the finished product oil ship tank storage chamber through a stabilizer bottom pump 30, the stabilizer feed-bottom oil heat exchanger 25 and a naphtha cooler 31; a stabilizer top reflux drum 28 having an inlet communicated with a stabilizer top gas outlet via a stabilizer top cooler 27, a liquid phase reflux outlet communicated with a reflux inlet of the naphtha stabilizer via a stabilizer top reflux pump 29, and a gas phase outlet communicated with the atmospheric furnace 8; a light diesel stripping tower 17 which adopts a packed tower, wherein an extract outlet at the middle section of an atmospheric tower is communicated with an inlet of a middle section reflux pump 16, an outlet of the middle section reflux pump 16 is respectively communicated with an extract reflux inlet at the middle section of the atmospheric tower and an inlet of the light diesel stripping tower 17, and an outlet arranged at the bottom of the light diesel stripping tower 17 is communicated with the product oil power generation unit through a light diesel pump 19 and a light diesel cooler 20; the normal bottom oil outlet arranged at the bottom section of the atmospheric tower is communicated with the inlet of a normal bottom oil pump 21, the downstream of the normal bottom oil pump 21 is sequentially provided with the crude oil-normal bottom oil fourth heat exchanger 7, the acidic water stripping tower reboiler 22, the stable tower bottom reboiler 26, the crude oil-normal bottom oil third heat exchanger 6, the crude oil-normal bottom oil second heat exchanger 5, the crude oil-normal bottom oil first heat exchanger 3 and a normal bottom oil cooler 24, and the outlet of the normal bottom oil cooler 24 is respectively communicated with a product oil ship cabin storage chamber and the steam boiler.
Preferably, the middle section of the atmospheric tower is provided with a section of filler and a section of filler located below the section of filler, the bottom of the section of filler is provided with a full-extraction plate, the extract outlet of the middle section of the atmospheric tower is located at the bottom of the section of filler, the extract reflux inlet of the middle section of the atmospheric tower is located at the top of the section of filler, and the extract outlet of the middle section of the atmospheric tower is communicated with the extract reflux inlet of the middle section of the atmospheric tower through the middle-section reflux pump 16.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the sour water stripping apparatus of the present invention comprises: an acidic water stripper 23 which is a packed tower, wherein the bottom of the acidic water stripper is provided with the acidic water stripper reboiler 22, the inlet of the sulfur-containing sewage is communicated with the oil product processing device through an acidic water-purified water heat exchanger 32, and the outlet of the purified water arranged at the bottom of the acidic water stripper is respectively communicated with the top section of the atmospheric tower and the sewage treatment device through a purified water pump 37, the acidic water-purified water heat exchanger 32 and a purified water cooler 38; and the acid gas inlet of the stripping tower top reflux tank 35 is communicated with the acid gas outlet of the acid water stripping tower top through an acid gas cooler 34, the liquid phase reflux outlet of the stripping tower top reflux tank is communicated with the reflux inlet of the acid water stripping tower through a stripping tower top reflux pump 36, and the gas phase outlet of the stripping tower top reflux tank is communicated with the atmospheric furnace 8.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, in order to meet the emission concentration requirement of nitrogen oxides, the present invention separately or integrally arranges a flue gas denitration device for the product oil power generation unit, the steam boiler and the atmospheric pressure furnace to achieve the emission reaching the standard. Specifically, the urea is sprayed into the flue 39 to be mixed with the flue gas generated by the device for pyrolysis, the temperature of the mixed flue gas is 320-. The ammonia and the nitrogen oxide in the flue gas are subjected to a reduction reaction of the nitrogen oxide on the surface of the catalyst, so that the purpose of removing the nitrogen oxide is achieved, and the reacted clean flue gas is discharged through a chimney 42. The flue gas denitration device disclosed by the invention adopts a rapid denitration process, uses the special denitration catalyst for the ship, has the characteristics of high airspeed, high denitration efficiency, small loading amount and small volume, and saves the space of the ship.
The invention also proposes a method for processing oil products on board a ship, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the following steps:
processing crude oil by an oil processing device arranged on a ship deck to obtain fuel oil, diesel oil and naphtha;
carrying out steam stripping treatment on sulfur-containing wastewater generated in the crude oil processing process through an acid water steam stripping device arranged on a ship deck and recycling the treated purified water;
carrying out denitration treatment on the flue gas generated in the crude oil processing process and the flue gas generated by ship power generation and boiler combustion through a flue gas denitration device arranged on a ship deck;
the system comprises an oil product processing device, an acid water stripping device, a flue gas denitration device and a ship, wherein a product oil power generation unit arranged on a deck of the ship generates power by using fuel oil and/or diesel oil obtained by processing crude oil, and supplies power to the oil product processing device, the acid water stripping device, the flue gas denitration device and the ship;
the steam boiler provided on the deck of the ship burns fuel oil and/or diesel oil obtained by processing crude oil to generate steam for the oil processing device, the acid water stripping device, and the ship itself.
Preferably, after the seawater is desalinated, a part of the desalinated seawater is used as circulating water to cool the oil product processing device, and the other part of the desalinated seawater is sent to the steam boiler to generate steam.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, the above-mentioned processing of crude oil by an oil processing device disposed on a deck of a ship specifically includes:
conveying the crude oil stored in a storage chamber of a crude oil cabin to a raw material buffer tank 1 through a booster pump, boosting the pressure to 2000kpa (g) through a crude oil pump 2, then performing crude oil-atmospheric top gas heat exchange treatment and multistage crude oil-atmospheric bottom oil heat exchange treatment at the temperature of 220-; preferably, the temperature at the top of the atmospheric tower 9 is 105 ℃ and 155 ℃, further preferably 155 ℃, and the pressure is 20-70kpa (g), further preferably 50kpa (g); the bottom temperature is 270 ℃ and 300 ℃, more preferably 280 ℃, and the pressure is 50-100kpa (g), more preferably 80kpa (g);
the method comprises the following steps of (1) enabling atmospheric tower top oil gas to exchange heat to 110 ℃ through a crude oil-atmospheric top gas heat exchanger 4, enabling low-temperature hot water-atmospheric top gas heat exchanger 10 to exchange heat to 90 ℃ and enabling an atmospheric top cooler 11 to cool to 40 ℃, enabling the atmospheric tower top oil to enter an atmospheric tower top reflux tank 12 to carry out oil-gas-water separation, wherein the separated atmospheric top oil is divided into two parts after being pumped out through an atmospheric tower top oil pump 13, one part of the atmospheric top oil reflows to an atmospheric tower top section, the other part of the atmospheric top oil is used as naphtha fraction, is subjected to heat exchange to 110 ℃ through a stabilizer feeding-tower bottom oil heat exchanger 25 and then is conveyed to a naphtha stabilizer 14, the separated atmospheric top sulfur-containing wastewater is conveyed to an acid water stripping device through an atmospheric top sewage pump 15, and the separated atmospheric top gas is used as fuel of an atmospheric furnace;
extracting the extract liquid in the middle section of the normal pressure tower by a middle section reflux pump 16, dividing the extract liquid into two parts, wherein one part of the extract liquid is subjected to heat exchange by a crude oil-middle section reflux heat exchanger 18 and then is refluxed to the middle section of the normal pressure tower, the other part of the extract liquid is conveyed to a light diesel oil stripping tower 17, extracting light diesel oil at the bottom of the light diesel oil stripping tower by a light diesel oil pump 19 and cooling the light diesel oil to 40 ℃ by a light diesel oil cooler 20, and conveying the cooled light diesel oil serving as fuel to the finished product oil power generation unit; preferably, the temperature of the top of the light diesel oil stripping tower is 226 ℃, the pressure is 63kpa (g), the temperature of the bottom of the light diesel oil stripping tower is 240 ℃, and the pressure is 65kpa (g);
pumping the bottom oil of the atmospheric tower by an atmospheric bottom oil pump 21, and after heat exchange and cooling treatment, conveying one part of the bottom oil as a fuel oil product to a storage chamber of a finished oil ship cabin, and conveying the other part of the bottom oil as fuel to the steam boiler; preferably, after being pumped out by a normal bottom oil pump 21, the normal pressure tower bottom oil is divided into two paths, and then sequentially passes through a crude oil-normal bottom oil fourth heat exchanger 7 to exchange heat to 260 ℃, the light diesel oil stripping tower 17, an acid water stripping tower reboiler 22, the stable tower bottom reboiler 26 to exchange heat to 250 ℃, the crude oil-normal bottom oil third heat exchanger 6 to exchange heat to 151 ℃, the crude oil-normal bottom oil second heat exchanger 5 to exchange heat to 95 ℃, the crude oil-normal bottom oil first heat exchanger 3 to exchange heat to 75 ℃ and a normal bottom oil cooler 24 to be cooled to 40 ℃, and then is conveyed to a finished oil ship cabin storage chamber as a part of a fuel oil product, and the other part is conveyed to the steam boiler as a fuel.
Cooling the gas at the top of the stabilizer to 40 ℃ by a stabilizer top cooler 27, then introducing the gas into a stabilizer top reflux tank 28 for gas-liquid separation, boosting the pressure of the separated liquid by a stabilizer reflux pump 29, and then refluxing the liquid to the naphtha stabilizer 14, wherein the separated gas is used as fuel and conveyed to the atmospheric furnace 8; after the stable naphtha at the bottom of the tower is boosted by a stabilizer bottom pump 30, the stable naphtha is subjected to heat exchange to 67 ℃ by the stabilizer feeding-tower bottom oil heat exchanger 25, cooled to 40 ℃ by a naphtha cooler 31 and conveyed to a storage chamber of a finished product oil ship cabin; preferably, the top temperature of the naphtha stabilizer column 14 is 50 to 70 ℃, further preferably 52 ℃, and the pressure is 400-; the bottom temperature is 120-150 ℃, the further optimization is 135 ℃, the pressure is 450-550kpa (g), the further optimization is 480 ℃; the heat for the naphtha stabilizer column 14 is provided by a stabilizer bottom reboiler 26 disposed at the bottom thereof.
The indexes of the finished oil obtained by the oil product processing method are as follows:
1) viscosity (50 ℃) of low-sulfur fuel oil 23.7mm2(ii)/s, density (15 ℃ C.) 906kg/m3The sulfur content is 0.0529 percent, the flash point is more than 60 ℃, the acid value is less than 1.38mg KOH/g, the moisture is not more than 0.5 percent v, and the indexes meet the requirements of Petroleum products-specificities of mineral fuels (ISO 8217-2017);
2) density of naphtha fraction (20 ℃)719kg/m3 Initial boiling point 42 ℃ and final boiling point 204 ℃;
3) the density (20 ℃) of the light diesel oil fraction is 778kg/m3The initial boiling point is 170 ℃ and the final boiling point is 249 ℃.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, the above-mentioned stripping treatment of sulfur-containing wastewater generated in the crude oil processing process by an acid water stripping device disposed on the deck of a ship specifically comprises:
sulfur-containing wastewater produced during crude oil processing (from the above-described atmospheric tower reflux drum 12) is heat exchanged to 90-100 ℃, preferably to 100 ℃, via an sour water-purified water heat exchanger 32, and then sent to the sour water stripper 23; preferably, the temperature at the top of the acidic water stripper 23 is 110-; the sour water stripper 23 heat is provided by stripper reboiler 22;
cooling the acidic gas at the top of the acidic water stripper to 40 ℃ by an acidic gas cooler 34, then feeding the acidic gas into a stripping tower top reflux tank 35 for gas-liquid separation, boosting the pressure of the separated liquid by a stripping tower top reflux pump 36, and then conveying the liquid back to the acidic water stripper 23, and conveying the separated acidic gas to the atmospheric pressure furnace 8 for incineration;
the pressure of the purified water at the bottom of the acidic water stripper is increased by a purified water pump 37, the purified water is subjected to heat exchange by an acidic water-purified water heat exchanger 32 to 72 ℃, and the purified water is cooled to 40 ℃ by a purified water cooler 38 and then is conveyed to the top section of the atmospheric tower for recycling.
The content of hydrogen sulfide in the obtained purified water is lower than 20ppm through the acidic water stripping treatment.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 4, the denitration treatment of the flue gas generated in the crude oil processing process and the flue gas generated by the ship power generation and boiler combustion by the flue gas denitration device arranged on the ship deck includes:
spraying urea into the flue 39 to be mixed with the flue gas therein for pyrolysis, wherein the temperature of the mixed flue gas is 320-380 ℃, and is preferably 350 ℃;
making the flue gas after the mixed pyrolysis treatment enter a denitration reactor 41 through a metal tube filter 40, so that reduction reaction of nitrogen oxides occurs between ammonia and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas on the surface of a catalyst;
the purified flue gas after reaction is discharged via a stack 42.
The content of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas after the denitration treatment is not more than 100mg/Nm3。
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the finished fuel oil produced by the oil processing device of the present invention has a sulfur content of less than 0.1% (wt), and is blended in-line with fuel oil having a sulfur content of more than 0.1% (wt) in the finished oil tanker storage compartment to obtain bunker fuel oil having a sulfur content of less than 0.5% (wt).
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ship provided with the oil product processing system further includes: the system comprises a torch system, a circulating water field, a sewage treatment device, a fire-fighting pump station system, an accident water collecting cabin, a substation, a cabinet room, an air compression station, a liquid nitrogen system and an analysis laboratory.
According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, the water required by the oil product processing device, the acidic water stripping device, the flue gas denitration device and the ship body is taken from seawater by the ship body, and the seawater is treated by the seawater desalination device and is respectively used for circulating water of the oil product processing device and boiler water for generating steam. Preferably, after the seawater is treated by the seawater desalination device, part of the desalinated water enters a circulating water field for recycling, and the circulating water field uses the seawater as a cooling medium for heat exchange and cooling; the other part of the desalted water is subjected to water treatment and boiler treatment to generate steam, and the steam is used for an oil product processing device, an acidic water stripping device, a flue gas denitration device and a ship body. The fuel for water treatment and boilers comes from fuel oil or diesel oil fractions produced by oil processing plants. The power needed by the process device and the ship body comes from a power station or a product oil power generation unit, and the fuel used by the power station is fuel oil or diesel oil fraction produced by an oil product processing device. The light oil gas produced by oil product processing equipment can be used as fuel of its heating furnace. Combustible oil gas produced by the oil processing device, the acidic water stripping device, the flue gas denitration device and the ship body in an accident state enters a flare system on the ship body to be burned, so that the safety of personnel and various equipment facilities is ensured. Preferably, the flare system of the present invention is disposed off-shore from the oil processing system to improve safety of combustion.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims (15)

1. A method of processing oil on a ship, comprising the steps of:
processing crude oil by an oil processing device arranged on a ship deck to obtain fuel oil, diesel oil and naphtha;
carrying out steam stripping treatment on sulfur-containing wastewater generated in the crude oil processing process through an acid water steam stripping device arranged on a ship deck and recycling the treated purified water;
carrying out denitration treatment on the flue gas generated in the crude oil processing process and the flue gas generated by ship power generation and boiler combustion through a flue gas denitration device arranged on a ship deck;
the system comprises an oil product processing device, an acid water stripping device, a flue gas denitration device and a ship, wherein a product oil power generation unit arranged on a deck of the ship generates power by using fuel oil and/or diesel oil obtained by processing crude oil, and supplies power to the oil product processing device, the acid water stripping device, the flue gas denitration device and the ship;
a steam boiler arranged on the deck of the ship burns fuel oil and/or diesel oil obtained by processing crude oil to generate steam for the oil product processing device, the acid water stripping device and the ship;
the oil processing device comprises:
a raw material buffer tank (1) which is communicated with the crude oil cabin storage chamber through a crude oil pump;
the normal pressure furnace (8) is communicated with the raw material buffer tank (1) through a crude oil pump (2), and a crude oil-normal bottom oil first heat exchanger (3), a crude oil-normal top gas heat exchanger (4), a crude oil-normal bottom oil second heat exchanger (5), a crude oil-normal bottom oil third heat exchanger (6), a crude oil-middle section reflux heat exchanger (18) and a crude oil-normal bottom oil fourth heat exchanger (7) are sequentially arranged between a crude oil outlet of the crude oil pump (2) and a crude oil inlet of the normal pressure furnace (8) along a crude oil flowing direction;
the rectifying section of the atmospheric tower (9) adopts a packed tower, the stripping section adopts a plate tower, and a crude oil inlet of the atmospheric tower is communicated with a crude oil outlet of the atmospheric furnace;
an oil gas inlet of the atmospheric tower reflux tank (12) is communicated with an oil gas outlet of an atmospheric tower top section, the crude oil-atmospheric top gas heat exchanger (4), the low-temperature hot water-atmospheric top gas heat exchanger (10) and the atmospheric top cooler (11) are sequentially arranged between the oil gas inlet of the atmospheric tower reflux tank (12) and the oil gas outlet of the atmospheric tower top section along the oil gas flowing direction, and a sulfur-containing sewage outlet of the atmospheric tower reflux tank (12) is communicated with the acidic water stripping device through an atmospheric top sewage pump (15);
a naphtha stabilizer (14) which adopts a packed tower, the bottom of the packed tower is provided with a stabilizer bottom reboiler (26), a normal overhead oil outlet of the normal overhead tower reflux tank (12) is communicated with an inlet of a normal overhead oil pump (13), an outlet of the normal overhead oil pump (13) is communicated with a normal overhead oil inlet of the normal pressure tower top section and communicated with a naphtha fraction inlet of the naphtha stabilizer (14) through a stabilizer feed-tower bottom oil heat exchanger (25), and a stabilizer naphtha outlet arranged at the bottom of the naphtha stabilizer (14) is communicated with a finished oil bunker storage chamber through a stabilizer bottom pump (30), the stabilizer feed-tower bottom oil heat exchanger (25) and a naphtha cooler (31);
a stabilizer overhead reflux drum (28) having an inlet in communication with a stabilizer overhead gas outlet via a stabilizer overhead cooler (27), a liquid phase reflux outlet in communication with a reflux inlet of the naphtha stabilizer via a stabilizer overhead reflux pump (29), and a gas phase outlet in communication with the atmospheric furnace (8);
the device comprises a light diesel oil stripping tower (17), a packed tower is adopted, an extract outlet in the middle section of an atmospheric tower is communicated with an inlet of a middle section reflux pump (16), an outlet of the middle section reflux pump (16) is respectively communicated with an extract reflux inlet in the middle section of the atmospheric tower and an inlet of the light diesel oil stripping tower (17), and an outlet arranged at the bottom of the light diesel oil stripping tower (17) is communicated with a finished product oil generator set through a light diesel oil pump (19) and a light diesel oil cooler (20);
wherein, set up in the export of the normal bottom oil of atmospheric tower bottom section communicates with the entry of normal bottom oil pump (21), the low reaches of normal bottom oil pump (21) have set gradually crude oil-normal bottom oil fourth heat exchanger (7), acid water stripper reboiler (22), stabilize tower bottom reboiler (26), crude oil-normal bottom oil third heat exchanger (6), crude oil-normal bottom oil second heat exchanger (5), crude oil-normal bottom oil first heat exchanger (3) and normal bottom oil cooler (24), the export of normal bottom oil cooler (24) respectively with finished product oil ship cabin storeroom with steam boiler intercommunication.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein after the seawater is desalinated, a portion of the seawater is used as circulating water to cool the oil processing plant, and another portion of the seawater is sent to the steam boiler to generate steam.
3. A method of processing oil on board a vessel according to claim 1, wherein the processing of crude oil by an oil processing plant arranged on board the vessel comprises:
the method comprises the following steps of conveying crude oil stored in a crude oil cabin storage chamber to a raw material buffer tank (1), performing crude oil-atmospheric top gas heat exchange treatment and multistage crude oil-atmospheric bottom oil heat exchange treatment, then entering an atmospheric pressure furnace (8), heating by an atmospheric pressure furnace, and then entering an atmospheric pressure tower (9) for separation treatment;
enabling oil gas at the top of the atmospheric tower to enter a reflux tank (12) of the atmospheric tower after heat exchange and cooling treatment for oil, gas and water separation, wherein the separated atmospheric top oil is divided into two parts after being pumped out by a top oil pump (13), one part of the atmospheric top oil flows back to the top section of the atmospheric tower, the other part of the atmospheric top oil is used as naphtha fraction and is conveyed to a naphtha stabilizer (14) after heat exchange treatment, the separated atmospheric top sulfur-containing wastewater is conveyed to the acid water stripping device, and the separated atmospheric top gas is used as fuel of the atmospheric furnace;
extracting the extract liquid in the middle section of the atmospheric tower by a middle section reflux pump (16) and then dividing the extract liquid into two parts, wherein one part of the extract liquid is subjected to heat exchange with a crude oil-middle section reflux heat exchanger (18) and then reflows to the middle section of the atmospheric tower, the other part of the extract liquid is conveyed to a light diesel stripping tower (17), and light diesel at the bottom of the light diesel stripping tower is extracted and is conveyed to the finished oil power generation unit as fuel after being cooled;
pumping out the bottom oil of the atmospheric tower through a normal bottom oil pump (21), and after heat exchange and cooling treatment, conveying the bottom oil serving as a fuel oil product to a storage chamber of a finished oil ship cabin, and conveying the other part serving as fuel to the steam boiler;
cooling the gas at the top of the stabilizer, then feeding the gas into a reflux tank (28) at the top of the stabilizer for gas-liquid separation, refluxing the separated liquid into the naphtha stabilizer (14), and conveying the separated gas serving as fuel to the atmospheric furnace; and (4) carrying out heat exchange and cooling treatment on the stable naphtha at the tower bottom, and then conveying the stable naphtha to a storage chamber of a finished product oil ship cabin.
4. A method of processing oil on board a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that the sour water stripping apparatus comprises:
the acidic water stripping tower (23) adopts a packed tower, the bottom of the acidic water stripping tower is provided with the acidic water stripping tower reboiler (22), the inlet of the sulfur-containing sewage is communicated with the oil product processing device through an acidic water-purified water heat exchanger (32), and the outlet of the purified water arranged at the bottom of the acidic water stripping tower is respectively communicated with the atmospheric tower top section and the sewage treatment device through a purified water pump (37), the acidic water-purified water heat exchanger (32) and a purified water cooler (38);
a stripping tower top reflux tank (35), wherein an acid gas inlet of the stripping tower top reflux tank is communicated with an acid gas outlet of the acid water stripping tower top through an acid gas cooler (34), a liquid phase reflux outlet of the stripping tower top reflux tank is communicated with a reflux inlet of the acid water stripping tower through a stripping tower top reflux pump (36), and a gas phase outlet of the stripping tower top reflux tank is communicated with the atmospheric furnace (8);
the sour water that produces and recycle through setting up on boats and ships deck carries out the strip processing to the sour waste water that contains sulfur that produces in crude oil processing process through setting up and handles the purified water who handles includes:
transferring sulfur-containing wastewater generated in the crude oil processing process to the acidic water stripper (23) after heat exchange treatment;
cooling the acidic gas at the top of the acidic water stripper, then feeding the cooled acidic gas into a reflux tank (35) at the top of the acidic water stripper for gas-liquid separation, feeding the separated liquid back to the acidic water stripper (23), and feeding the separated acidic gas to the atmospheric furnace (8) for incineration;
and (3) carrying out heat exchange and cooling treatment on the purified water at the bottom of the acidic water stripper, and conveying the purified water to the top section of the normal pressure tower for recycling.
5. The method for processing oil products on the ship according to claim 1, wherein the denitration treatment is performed on the flue gas generated in the crude oil processing process and the flue gas generated by the ship power generation and boiler combustion together by a flue gas denitration device arranged on a deck of the ship, and comprises the following steps:
spraying urea into the flue (39) to be mixed with the flue gas in the flue for pyrolysis;
enabling the flue gas subjected to the mixed pyrolysis treatment to enter a denitration reactor (41) through a metal tube filter (40), and enabling ammonia and oxynitride in the flue gas to generate reduction reaction of oxynitride on the surface of a catalyst;
the purified flue gas after reaction is discharged through a chimney (42).
6. A method for the processing of oils on board a vessel according to claim 3, characterized in that the temperature at the top of the atmospheric tower (9) is 105-; the bottom temperature is 270 ℃ and 300 ℃, and the pressure is 50-100kpa (g).
7. A method for processing oil products on board a vessel as claimed in claim 3, wherein the crude oil pumped from the raw material buffer tank (1) is subjected to crude oil-atmospheric top gas heat exchange treatment and multi-stage crude oil-atmospheric bottom oil heat exchange treatment at a temperature of 220-.
8. A method for processing oil products aboard a vessel as recited in claim 3, wherein the temperature at the top of the naphtha stabilizer (14) is 50-70 ℃, the pressure is 400-; the temperature of the bottom of the tower is 120-150 ℃, and the pressure is 450-550kpa (g); the heat of the naphtha stabilizer column (14) is supplied from a stabilizer column bottom reboiler (26) disposed at the bottom thereof.
9. The method for processing oil products on the vessel as recited in claim 4, wherein the temperature at the top of the sour water stripper is 110-; the temperature of the bottom of the tower is 120-140 ℃, and the pressure is 150-200kpa (g); the heat of the sour water stripper column (23) is provided by a sour water stripper reboiler (22) disposed at the bottom thereof.
10. A system for processing oil on a ship, comprising:
the oil processing device is arranged on a deck of the ship and is used for processing crude oil to obtain fuel oil, diesel oil and naphtha;
the acidic water stripping device is arranged on a ship deck and is used for carrying out stripping treatment on sulfur-containing wastewater generated in the crude oil processing process and recycling the treated purified water;
the flue gas denitration device is arranged on a ship deck and is used for carrying out denitration treatment on flue gas generated in the crude oil processing process and flue gas generated by ship power generation and boiler combustion;
the finished oil power generation unit is arranged on a deck of the ship and is used for generating power by using the fuel oil and/or diesel oil processed by the oil processing device and supplying power to the oil processing device, the acidic water stripping device, the flue gas denitration device and the ship;
the steam boiler is arranged on the deck of the ship and is used for combusting fuel oil and/or diesel oil processed by the oil processing device to generate steam, and the generated steam is used for the oil processing device, the acid water stripping device and the ship;
the oil processing device comprises:
a raw material buffer tank (1) which is communicated with the crude oil cabin storage chamber through a crude oil pump;
the normal pressure furnace (8) is communicated with the raw material buffer tank (1) through a crude oil pump (2), and a crude oil-normal bottom oil first heat exchanger (3), a crude oil-normal top gas heat exchanger (4), a crude oil-normal bottom oil second heat exchanger (5), a crude oil-normal bottom oil third heat exchanger (6), a crude oil-middle section reflux heat exchanger (18) and a crude oil-normal bottom oil fourth heat exchanger (7) are sequentially arranged between a crude oil outlet of the crude oil pump (2) and a crude oil inlet of the normal pressure furnace (8) along a crude oil flowing direction;
the rectifying section of the atmospheric tower (9) adopts a packed tower, the stripping section adopts a plate tower, and a crude oil inlet of the atmospheric tower is communicated with a crude oil outlet of the atmospheric furnace;
an oil gas inlet of the atmospheric tower reflux tank (12) is communicated with an oil gas outlet of an atmospheric tower top section, the crude oil-atmospheric top gas heat exchanger (4), the low-temperature hot water-atmospheric top gas heat exchanger (10) and the atmospheric top cooler (11) are sequentially arranged between the oil gas inlet of the atmospheric tower reflux tank (12) and the oil gas outlet of the atmospheric tower top section along the oil gas flowing direction, and a sulfur-containing sewage outlet of the atmospheric tower reflux tank (12) is communicated with the acidic water stripping device through an atmospheric top sewage pump (15);
a naphtha stabilizer (14) which adopts a packed tower, the bottom of the packed tower is provided with a stabilizer bottom reboiler (26), a normal overhead oil outlet of the normal overhead tower reflux tank (12) is communicated with an inlet of a normal overhead oil pump (13), an outlet of the normal overhead oil pump (13) is communicated with a normal overhead oil inlet of the normal pressure tower top section and communicated with a naphtha fraction inlet of the naphtha stabilizer (14) through a stabilizer feed-tower bottom oil heat exchanger (25), and a stabilizer naphtha outlet arranged at the bottom of the naphtha stabilizer (14) is communicated with a finished oil bunker storage chamber through a stabilizer bottom pump (30), the stabilizer feed-tower bottom oil heat exchanger (25) and a naphtha cooler (31);
a stabilizer overhead reflux drum (28) having an inlet in communication with a stabilizer overhead gas outlet via a stabilizer overhead cooler (27), a liquid phase reflux outlet in communication with a reflux inlet of the naphtha stabilizer via a stabilizer overhead reflux pump (29), and a gas phase outlet in communication with the atmospheric furnace (8);
the device comprises a light diesel oil stripping tower (17), a packed tower is adopted, an extract outlet in the middle section of an atmospheric tower is communicated with an inlet of a middle section reflux pump (16), an outlet of the middle section reflux pump (16) is respectively communicated with an extract reflux inlet in the middle section of the atmospheric tower and an inlet of the light diesel oil stripping tower (17), and an outlet arranged at the bottom of the light diesel oil stripping tower (17) is communicated with a finished product oil generator set through a light diesel oil pump (19) and a light diesel oil cooler (20);
wherein, set up in the export of the normal bottom oil of atmospheric tower bottom section communicates with the entry of normal bottom oil pump (21), the low reaches of normal bottom oil pump (21) have set gradually crude oil-normal bottom oil fourth heat exchanger (7), acid water stripper reboiler (22), stabilize tower bottom reboiler (26), crude oil-normal bottom oil third heat exchanger (6), crude oil-normal bottom oil second heat exchanger (5), crude oil-normal bottom oil first heat exchanger (3) and normal bottom oil cooler (24), the export of normal bottom oil cooler (24) respectively with finished product oil ship cabin storeroom with steam boiler intercommunication.
11. The system of claim 10, further comprising a seawater desalination plant, wherein after the seawater desalination plant desalinates seawater, a portion of the seawater is used as circulating water to cool the oil processing plant, and another portion of the seawater is sent to the steam boiler to generate steam.
12. The system for processing oil on a ship according to claim 10, wherein the middle section of the atmospheric tower is provided with a section of packing and a section of packing below the section of packing, the bottom of the section of packing is provided as a total extraction plate, the extract outlet of the middle section of the atmospheric tower is located at the bottom position of the section of packing, the extract reflux inlet of the middle section of the atmospheric tower is located at the top position of the section of packing, and the extract outlet of the middle section of the atmospheric tower is communicated with the extract reflux inlet of the middle section of the atmospheric tower through the middle section reflux pump (16).
13. The system for processing oil on board a marine vessel of claim 10, wherein said sour water stripping apparatus comprises:
the acidic water stripping tower (23) adopts a packed tower, the bottom of the acidic water stripping tower is provided with the acidic water stripping tower reboiler (22), the inlet of the sulfur-containing sewage is communicated with the oil product processing device through an acidic water-purified water heat exchanger (32), and the outlet of the purified water arranged at the bottom of the acidic water stripping tower is respectively communicated with the atmospheric tower top section and the sewage treatment device through a purified water pump (37), the acidic water-purified water heat exchanger (32) and a purified water cooler (38);
and the acid gas inlet of the stripping tower top reflux tank (35) is communicated with the acid gas outlet of the acid water stripping tower top through an acid gas cooler (34), the liquid phase reflux outlet of the stripping tower top reflux tank is communicated with the reflux inlet of the acid water stripping tower through a stripping tower top reflux pump (36), and the gas phase outlet of the stripping tower top reflux tank is communicated with the atmospheric furnace (8).
14. A vessel provided with a system for processing oil on board the vessel as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 13.
15. The vessel of claim 14, further comprising: the system comprises a torch system, a circulating water field, a sewage treatment device, a fire-fighting pump station system, an accident water collecting cabin, a substation, a cabinet room, an air compression station, a liquid nitrogen system and an analysis laboratory.
CN202010548700.XA 2020-06-16 2020-06-16 Method and system for processing oil products on ship Expired - Fee Related CN111662740B (en)

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