CN111662734A - Oil-containing solid waste disposal system based on pyrolysis technology - Google Patents
Oil-containing solid waste disposal system based on pyrolysis technology Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B55/00—Coking mineral oils, bitumen, tar, and the like or mixtures thereof with solid carbonaceous material
- C10B55/02—Coking mineral oils, bitumen, tar, and the like or mixtures thereof with solid carbonaceous material with solid materials
- C10B55/04—Coking mineral oils, bitumen, tar, and the like or mixtures thereof with solid carbonaceous material with solid materials with moving solid materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
- C10B47/28—Other processes
- C10B47/32—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means
- C10B47/44—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means with conveyor-screws
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/04—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/48—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on industrial residues and waste materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an oil-containing solid waste disposal system based on a pyrolysis technology. This oily solid useless processing system, including useless transfer system admittedly, the screw conveyor system, rotary kiln pyrolysis system, condensation recovery system, gas pipeline, residue eduction gear, oil gas collection device and tail gas discharge system, useless transfer system admits air and carries the rotary kiln pyrolysis system admittedly with oily solid useless through the screw conveyor system admits air, pyrolysis residue after the pyrolysis of rotary kiln pyrolysis system gets into residue eduction gear, pyrolysis gas after the pyrolysis of rotary kiln pyrolysis system gets into condensation recovery system, pyrolysis gas is divided into gas and oil content after condensation recovery system handles, the gas gets into rotary kiln pyrolysis system as fuel through gas pipeline, the oil content gets into oil content collection device. The oil-containing solid waste is pyrolyzed based on the pyrolysis technology, so that the oil-containing solid waste is subjected to gas-solid separation, the oil content of residues is far lower than the national emission standard, and the oil content is recovered after condensation, so that the resource utilization of the oil-containing solid waste is realized.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of oily waste treatment, and particularly relates to an oily solid waste treatment system based on a pyrolysis technology.
Background art:
in daily industrial production, a great deal of oil-containing waste is generated, particularly in the process of petroleum exploration and shale gas exploitation, the drilling fluid brings great convenience to drilling, and simultaneously, a great deal of waste oil-based cuttings are inevitably generated, so that a serious environmental problem is caused. This waste, which is generally composed of oil, water, drill cuttings, heavy metals and other impurities, is a hazardous waste (national hazardous waste catalogue, HW08) and cannot be discharged at will. Under the condition that the environmental protection requirement is increasingly strict, the harmless treatment of the oil-based rock debris becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
The harmless treatment of the oil-containing solid waste mainly comprises the treatment of the content of mineral oil in the waste, so that the oil content of the solid-phase residue reaches the pollutant discharge standard regulated by the state. The currently common oil-containing solid waste treatment technologies include: centrifugal separation, solvent extraction, combustion and pyrolysis.
Among the several treatment techniques, the centrifugal separation technique can reduce the oil content of the oil-containing solid waste to 3%, but can not reach the first-class standard (less than 1%) regulated by the state. The solvent extraction technology can extract oil substances to realize resource recycling, but an extracting agent used in the extraction method has the possibility of secondary pollution to the environment. In the combustion method, fly ash in combustion products causes great pollution to the environment, and the utilization rate of oil content resource is not high. The pyrolysis technology adopts a technology of separating volatile substances (water and light oil) and semi-volatile substances (heavy oil) in oil-containing rock debris in a heating mode under the conditions of lower temperature and no oxygen, and oil content can be recovered after gas-liquid products are condensed and separated. Meanwhile, for the treatment of the oil-containing solid waste of the offshore drilling platform, due to geographical limitation, if the oil-containing solid waste is transported to land for treatment, the oil-containing solid waste is consumed greatly, so that the oil-containing rock debris needs to be treated on site, the platform space is small, and the occupied area of treatment equipment is required to be small, so that the land-based common treatment methods such as a solvent extraction method, an incineration method, a centrifugal method and other treatment methods with large occupied area are not suitable for all.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the oily solid waste disposal system based on the pyrolysis technology, which has good treatment effect, high oil recovery rate and environmental protection.
The invention aims to provide an oil-containing solid waste disposal system based on a pyrolysis technology, which comprises a solid waste transfer system for storing oil-containing solid waste, a spiral conveying system, a rotary kiln pyrolysis system for pyrolyzing the oil-containing solid waste to achieve gas-solid separation, a condensation recovery system, a gas conveying pipeline, a residue discharge device, an oil gas collecting device and a tail gas discharge system, wherein the solid waste transfer system conveys the oil-containing solid waste to the rotary kiln pyrolysis system through the spiral conveying system, pyrolysis residues pyrolyzed by the rotary kiln pyrolysis system enter the residue discharge device, pyrolysis gas pyrolyzed by the rotary kiln pyrolysis system enters the condensation recovery system, the pyrolysis gas is divided into two parts of gas and oil component after being treated by the condensation recovery system, the gas enters an outer cavity of a pyrolysis furnace of the rotary kiln pyrolysis system through the gas conveying pipeline as fuel, and the oil component directly enters the oil component collecting device, and the fuel gas is further combusted in the pyrolysis furnace, enters the tail gas discharge system through the induced draft fan and is exhausted.
In the treatment mode with smaller occupied area of the curing method, the reinjection method and the pyrolysis method in the prior art, the curing method and the reinjection method can not recover oil content and have low resource utilization rate, so the pyrolysis method is most suitable. In the system provided by the invention, the fuel gas after the pyrolysis of the oil-containing solid waste is returned to the cavity of the rotary kiln for further combustion, so that the consumption of the fuel can be reduced, the fuel gas is purified after secondary combustion, the difficulty in tail gas treatment is reduced, and the system is a very practical oil-containing rock debris treatment system.
The oil-containing solid waste provided by the invention firstly enters the solid waste transfer system and then is spirally conveyed to the rotary kiln pyrolysis system for pyrolysis treatment, the operation mode can prevent air from entering the rotary kiln pyrolysis system in the conveying process to achieve the pyrolysis effect, meanwhile, the spiral conveying is utilized to realize feeding and the rotary kiln pyrolysis system, so that the oil-containing solid waste raw materials are fully and uniformly mixed, the pyrolysis efficiency is high, the oil content of pyrolysis residues is low, and the solid phase residues after pyrolysis in the rotary kiln meet the primary standard that the mineral oil content in the discharged pollutants is less than 1% in GB4914 + 2008 & lt 2008 & gt ocean oil exploration and development pollutant emission concentration limit.
Preferably, the solid waste transfer system comprises a transfer bin, a feeding hole for oil-containing solid waste is formed in the top of the transfer bin, a discharging hole is formed in the lower portion of the transfer bin, the spiral conveying system penetrates through the discharging hole, and the tail end of the spiral conveying system is connected with a pyrolysis furnace of the rotary kiln pyrolysis system. The spiral conveying system conveys the oil-containing solid waste to the rotary kiln pyrolysis furnace through the solid waste transfer bin, the spiral conveyor is controlled by the variable frequency motor, the conveying capacity of the oil-containing rock debris and the retention time in the rotary kiln pyrolysis furnace are adjusted by adjusting the rotation rate of the spiral, and the periphery of the spiral is provided with a closed pipeline so as to achieve the pyrolysis effect.
Preferably, the pyrolysis furnace be the dividing wall type, be provided with a cavity between the inlayer of pyrolysis furnace and the skin, the pyrolysis furnace skin is equipped with the diesel oil burner that a plurality of plays combustion-supporting effect and heat the pyrolysis furnace body, the pyrolysis furnace body personally submits 2-5 with the level, pyrolysis furnace body afterbody bottom be provided with the row's cinder notch of residue eduction gear intercommunication, pyrolysis furnace body afterbody top be equipped with the gas outlet with condensation recovery system intercommunication. The pyrolysis furnace body and the horizontal plane are arranged at an angle of 2-5 degrees and are used for facilitating feeding and slag discharging, the inner wall of the outer layer of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a turbulence structure, so that fuel gas is fully combusted, and the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a thermocouple for detecting pyrolysis temperature.
The pyrolysis temperature range of the rotary kiln pyrolysis furnace is 500-700 ℃, and the pyrolysis time is 5-30 min. Pyrolysis residues obtained after pyrolysis in a rotary kiln pyrolysis furnace meet the national emission standard of pollutants, namely the first-level standard in GB4914-2008 & Limit for emission concentration of pollutants for offshore oil exploration and development): the content of mineral oil is less than 1 percent; the volatile component produced is mostly H2、CH4And gases such as CO, and condensable compounds such as gasoline, water vapor, and the like.
Preferably, the condensation recovery system is a cooling furnace adopting a water cooling mode, the cooling water channel is arranged in the middle of the cooling furnace, the pyrolysis gas is introduced into the cooling furnace from the upper part of the cooling furnace and exchanges heat with the cooling water channel, and enters the gas conveying pipeline through the gas outlet, the lower part of the furnace body of the cooling furnace is provided with an outlet channel communicated with the oil content collecting device, the oil content in the pyrolysis gas is cooled and then enters the gas conveying pipeline through the outlet channel, and the outlet of the pyrolysis gas is provided with a thermocouple for detecting the temperature of the gas entering the gas conveying pipeline. The cooling water channel is of a spiral structure, so that the cooling water can cool the pyrolysis gas as much as possible. The cooling water pipeline is externally communicated with cooling water supply, and the flow rate is controlled by an electric pump so as to control the temperature of the pyrolysis gas. And a thermocouple is arranged at the outlet of the pyrolysis gas to detect the temperature of the gas entering the gas conveying pipeline.
The condensation recovery system controls the temperature of the pyrolysis gas by adjusting the flow rate of cooling water, and the temperature range is 100-150 ℃, so as to achieve the effect of condensing oil in the pyrolysis gas. The condensed pyrolysis gas mainly contains H2、CH4CO, water vapor and the like, and can be further supplied for combustion as fuel gas for secondary utilization.
Preferably, one end of the fuel gas conveying pipeline is connected with a pyrolysis gas outlet of the cooling furnace body, and the other end of the fuel gas conveying pipeline is communicated with the right end of the outer cavity of the pyrolysis furnace so as to supply pyrolysis gas to the combustor as fuel. And the gas conveying pipeline is provided with an induced draft fan so as to introduce the cooled pyrolysis gas into the gas conveying pipeline.
Preferably, the left end of the outer cavity of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with an induced draft fan so as to lead out the combusted fuel gas to enter a tail gas discharge system, and the tail gas is emptied after being detected to be qualified.
The invention also protects an oily solid waste disposal method using the oily solid waste disposal system based on the pyrolysis technology, which comprises the following steps: the oil-containing solid waste in the solid waste transfer system is conveyed into a rotary kiln pyrolysis system through a spiral conveying system to be pyrolyzed, the retention time of the oil-containing solid waste in the rotary kiln pyrolysis system is 5-30min, the temperature is 400-900 ℃, pyrolysis residues obtained through the rotary kiln pyrolysis system are discharged through a residue discharge device, and oil content obtained after pyrolysis gas obtained through the rotary kiln pyrolysis system is cooled through a condensation recovery system is collected through an oil content collection device.
Preferably, the solid waste transfer system is also internally provided with a sulfur-fixing agent and a nitrogen-controlling agent, wherein the sulfur-fixing agent is CaO or CaCO3The molar ratio of Ca/S is 2; the nitrogen control agent is urea, and the molar ratio of urea to N is 2. When the oily solid waste enters the solid waste transfer bin, the sulfur fixing agent and the nitrogen controlling agent are added into the transfer bin, and the sulfur fixing agent and the nitrogen controlling agent are added, so that the pollution of nitrogen and sulfur elements to the environment after pyrolysis can be avoided, and the tail gas can be discharged up to the standard.
The working principle of the oily solid waste disposal system based on the pyrolysis technology is as follows: firstly, oil-containing solid waste is sent into a solid waste transfer bin through a feed inlet, in order to reduce harmful gas in pyrolysis gas, a sulfur-fixing agent and a nitrogen-controlling agent can be added when the oil-containing solid waste enters the solid waste transfer bin, then the rotary kiln pyrolysis furnace is heated to 900 ℃ through an electromagnetic heating control system, then the oil-containing solid waste is conveyed into the rotary kiln pyrolysis furnace through a spiral conveying system from the solid waste transfer bin, the spiral conveying speed is controlled, the pyrolysis time of the oil-containing solid waste in the rotary kiln pyrolysis furnace is adjusted, the oil-containing solid waste can be fully pyrolyzed, and residues after pyrolysis enter a residue discharge device. Pyrolysis gas after pyrolysis of the rotary kiln pyrolysis system enters the condensation recovery system through a pipeline, the pyrolysis gas is divided into a fuel gas and an oil component after being processed by the condensation recovery system, the fuel gas enters the outer cavity of the pyrolysis furnace through a fuel gas conveying pipeline to serve as fuel, the oil component directly enters the oil component collecting device, and the fuel gas is further combusted in the pyrolysis furnace and then enters the tail gas discharge system through the induced draft fan to be discharged.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the oil-containing solid waste is pyrolyzed based on the pyrolysis technology, so that the oil-containing solid waste is subjected to gas-solid separation, the oil content of residues is far lower than the national emission standard, and the oil content is recovered after condensation, so that the resource utilization of the oil-containing solid waste is realized. And the pyrolysis gas is returned to the pyrolysis furnace to be used as fuel for supplying heat to the pyrolysis furnace, so that fuel oil resources are saved. The sulfur-fixing agent and the nitrogen-controlling agent are added into the oil-containing solid waste, so that the emission of harmful gases in tail gas is reduced, and the harmless and resource utilization of the oil-containing solid waste is really realized.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a system for disposing oily solid waste based on pyrolysis technology in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a solid waste transfer bin, a screw conveying system and a rotary kiln pyrolysis system in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a condensation recovery apparatus in example 1 of the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
1. solid waste transfer warehouse; 2. a feed inlet; 3. oil-containing solid waste; 4. a screw is advanced; 5. an inner cavity of the pyrolysis furnace; 6. an outer cavity of the pyrolysis furnace; 7. a diesel burner; 8. a turbulent flow structure; 9. a pyrolysis gas outlet; 10. a residue outlet; 11. cooling the furnace; 12. a pyrolysis gas inlet; 13. a pyrolysis gas outlet; 14. an oil outlet; 15. a cooling water pipeline; 16. an inlet of a cooling water pipeline; 17. an outlet of the cooling water pipeline; 18. and a baffle plate.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the following examples are further illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof.
Unless otherwise specified, the devices and materials mentioned in the present invention are commercially available.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a system for disposing oily solid waste based on pyrolysis technology comprises a solid waste transfer system for storing the oily solid waste, a screw conveying system, a rotary kiln pyrolysis system for pyrolyzing the oily solid waste to achieve gas-solid separation, and a condensation recycling system, gas pipeline, the residue eduction gear, oil gas collection device and exhaust emission system, the solid useless transfer system passes through spiral delivery system and carries the solid useless rotary kiln pyrolysis system of will containing oil, pyrolysis residue after the pyrolysis of rotary kiln pyrolysis system gets into the residue eduction gear, pyrolysis gas after the pyrolysis of rotary kiln pyrolysis system gets into the condensation recovery system, pyrolysis gas is divided into gas and oil content two parts after the condensation recovery system handles, the gas gets into the outer chamber of the pyrolysis oven of rotary kiln pyrolysis system as fuel via gas pipeline, the oil content directly gets into oil content collection device, the gas is evacuated behind the exhaust emission system of draught fan entering after the pyrolysis oven further burns.
In this embodiment, the preferable solid waste transfer system is a solid waste transfer bin 1, a feed inlet 2 for oil-containing solid waste 3 is arranged at the top of the solid waste transfer bin 1, a discharge outlet is arranged at one side of the solid waste transfer bin 1, and the screw conveying system passes through the discharge outlet and is arranged in the solid waste transfer bin 1. In the actual operation process, the solid waste transfer bin 1 is in a continuous feeding state, and the oil-containing solid waste 3 in the solid waste transfer bin 1 is kept to be submerged in the discharge hole, so that the effect of closed oxygen insulation is achieved.
The screw conveyor system is for advancing screw 4, and oily solid useless 3 gets into rotary kiln pyrolysis furnace body inner chamber through advancing screw 4, utilizes the screw conveyor oil to contain useless raw materials intensive mixing even admittedly useless admittedly, and the pyrolysis is efficient. The operation mode can avoid air from entering the rotary kiln pyrolysis device in the conveying process to achieve the pyrolysis effect, meanwhile, the feeding and rotary kiln pyrolysis device is realized by utilizing spiral conveying, so that the oil-containing solid waste raw materials are fully and uniformly mixed, the pyrolysis efficiency is high, the oil content of pyrolysis residues is low, and the solid phase residues after the rotary kiln pyrolysis meet the primary standard that the mineral oil content in the discharged pollutants is less than 1% in GB4914 + 2008 & lt & gt emission concentration limit of pollutants for offshore oil exploration and development.
The rotary kiln pyrolysis system comprises a pyrolysis furnace inner cavity 5, a pyrolysis furnace outer cavity 6, a diesel burner 7, a turbulent flow structure 8, a pyrolysis gas outlet 9 and a residue outlet 10. The inner cavity 5 of the pyrolysis furnace is heated by three diesel burners arranged on the inner wall of the outer cavity 6 of the pyrolysis furnace, and the proper pyrolysis temperature is adjusted by controlling the size of a burner valve. The upper end and the lower end of the bottom of the rotary kiln pyrolysis furnace are respectively provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet 9 and a pyrolysis residue outlet 10. The pyrolysis gas outlet 9 is communicated with a condensation recovery system, and the residue outlet 10 is communicated with a residue discharge device. The rotary kiln pyrolysis furnace and the horizontal plane are arranged at the temperature of 2-5 ℃ so as to discharge pyrolysis residues, and the oil-containing solid waste 3 is rotationally propelled forwards in the inner cavity 5 of the pyrolysis furnace through the propelling screw rod 4.
The condensation recovery device mainly comprises a cooling furnace 11 and a cooling water pipeline 15. Pyrolysis gas enters the interior of the cooling furnace 11 through a pyrolysis gas inlet 12 and exchanges heat with cooling water in a cooling water pipeline 15. The cooling water enters from the cooling water pipeline inlet 16 and is discharged from the cooling water pipeline outlet 17, the cooling water continuously flows in the cooling water pipeline 15, the flow rate of the cooling water is controlled by the electric pump, so that the effect of controlling the temperature of the pyrolysis gas is achieved, and the temperature of the pyrolysis gas is detected by a thermocouple arranged at the pyrolysis gas outlet 13. The temperature of the cooled pyrolysis gas is controlled to be 100-150 ℃. After cooling the pyrolysis gas, the oil is analyzed and enters the oil collection device through the oil outlet 14. The baffle 18 is disposed between the oil outlet 14 and the right wall of the cooling furnace 11 at an angle to facilitate the oil discharge.
The pyrolysis gas is cooled and then enters the outer cavity 6 of the pyrolysis furnace through the fuel gas conveying pipeline to serve as fuel, so that heat is supplied to the pyrolysis furnace, and the size of a valve of a burner is adjusted according to the change of pyrolysis temperature along with the continuous returning of the pyrolysis gas, so that diesel oil is saved. Pyrolysis gas is disturbed by the turbulent flow structure 8 in the outer cavity, is pumped out through the induced draft fan arranged on the outer wall of the right side of the rotary kiln pyrolysis furnace after being completely combusted, and is exhausted after being detected to be qualified through the tail gas purification system.
By using the oil-containing solid waste disposal system based on the pyrolysis technology, the oil-containing solid waste is properly pyrolyzed in the rotary kiln pyrolysis furnace at a temperature of 500-700 ℃ for 5-30 min. Pyrolysis residue obtained after pyrolysis meets the requirements of GB4914-2008 oceanThe first-class standard that the content of mineral oil in the discharged pollutants is less than 1 percent is defined in the limit value of the discharge concentration of the pollutants in petroleum exploration and development. Continuously adding sulfur-fixing agent (CaO or CaCO) into solid waste transfer bin3) And a nitrogen control agent (urea) is added, so that the pollution of nitrogen and sulfur elements to the environment after pyrolysis is avoided, and the tail gas can reach the standard and be discharged.
Experimental example 1:
the experiment was carried out using the oily solid waste disposal system of example 1, the test sample was oil-based cuttings produced during drilling on a drilling platform in Zhanjiang, and the pyrolysis residue had an oil content of 7200mg/kg (0.72%) at a pyrolysis temperature of 500 ℃; the oil content of the pyrolysis residue was 1050mg/kg (0.105%) at a pyrolysis temperature of 700 ℃. The liquid oil component after pyrolysis was measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) to have a long paraffin as a main component, and the specific components are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
The pyrolysis residue obtained after pyrolysis meets the first-level standard that the content of mineral oil in the discharged pollutants is less than 1 percent in GB4914-2008 & ltdischarge concentration limit value of pollutants for offshore oil exploration and development'. Continuously adding sulfur-fixing agent (CaO or CaCO) into solid waste transfer bin3) And a nitrogen control agent (urea) is added, so that the pollution of nitrogen and sulfur elements to the environment after pyrolysis is avoided, and the tail gas can reach the standard and be discharged.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used to help understand the technical solution and the core idea of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, the present invention can be modified and modified without departing from the principle of the present invention, and the modified and modified embodiments also fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A pyrolysis technology-based oily solid waste disposal system is characterized by comprising a solid waste transfer system for storing oily solid waste, a spiral conveying system, a rotary kiln pyrolysis system for pyrolyzing the oily solid waste to achieve gas-solid separation, a condensation recovery system, a gas conveying pipeline, a residue discharge device, an oil gas collecting device and a tail gas discharge system, wherein the solid waste transfer system conveys the oily solid waste to the rotary kiln pyrolysis system through the spiral conveying system, pyrolysis residues pyrolyzed by the rotary kiln pyrolysis system enter the residue discharge device, pyrolysis gas pyrolyzed by the rotary kiln pyrolysis system enters the condensation recovery system, the pyrolysis gas is divided into two parts, namely gas and oil, the gas enters the outer cavity of a pyrolysis furnace of the rotary kiln pyrolysis system through the gas conveying pipeline to serve as fuel, and the oil directly enters the oil collecting device, and the fuel gas is further combusted in the pyrolysis furnace, enters the tail gas discharge system through the induced draft fan and is exhausted.
2. The oily solid waste disposal system based on pyrolysis technology as recited in claim 1, wherein the solid waste transfer system comprises a transfer bin, a feeding hole for oily solid waste is arranged at the top of the transfer bin, a discharging hole is arranged at the lower part of the transfer bin, the screw conveying system passes through the discharging hole, and the tail end of the screw conveying system is connected with the pyrolysis furnace of the rotary kiln pyrolysis system.
3. The oil-containing solid waste disposal system based on pyrolysis technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis furnace is of a dividing wall type, a cavity is arranged between an inner layer and an outer layer of the pyrolysis furnace, a plurality of diesel burners which have combustion supporting function and heat the body of the pyrolysis furnace are arranged on the outer layer of the pyrolysis furnace, the body of the pyrolysis furnace and the horizontal plane form 2-5 degrees, a slag discharge port communicated with a residue discharge device is arranged at the bottom end of the tail part of the body of the pyrolysis furnace, and an air outlet communicated with a condensation recovery system is arranged at the top end of the tail part of the body of the pyrolysis furnace.
4. The oil-containing solid waste disposal system based on pyrolysis technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the condensation recovery system is a cooling furnace using water cooling, the cooling water channel is in the middle of the cooling furnace, the pyrolysis gas is introduced into the cooling furnace from the upper part of the cooling furnace and enters the gas transportation pipeline through the gas outlet in exchange for heat with the cooling water channel, the lower part of the furnace body of the cooling furnace is provided with an outlet channel communicated with the oil content collection device, the oil content in the pyrolysis gas is cooled and then enters the gas transportation pipeline through the outlet channel, and the outlet of the pyrolysis gas is provided with a thermocouple for detecting the temperature of the oil entering the gas transportation pipeline.
5. The oil-containing solid waste disposal system based on pyrolysis technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein one end of the gas delivery pipeline is connected with the pyrolysis gas outlet of the cooling furnace body, and the other end is communicated with the right end of the outer cavity of the pyrolysis furnace.
6. The oil-containing solid waste disposal system based on pyrolysis technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein an induced draft fan is arranged at the left end of the outer cavity of the pyrolysis furnace.
7. A method for disposing oily solid waste using the pyrolysis technology-based oily solid waste disposal system according to claim 1, comprising the steps of: the oil-containing solid waste in the solid waste transfer system is conveyed into a rotary kiln pyrolysis system through a spiral conveying system to be pyrolyzed, the retention time of the oil-containing solid waste in the rotary kiln pyrolysis system is 5-30min, the temperature is 400-900 ℃, pyrolysis residues obtained through the rotary kiln pyrolysis system are discharged through a residue discharge device, and oil content obtained after pyrolysis gas obtained through the rotary kiln pyrolysis system is cooled through a condensation recovery system is collected through an oil content collection device.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein a sulfur-fixing agent and a nitrogen-controlling agent are further disposed in the solid waste transfer system, and the sulfur-fixing agent is CaO or CaCO3The molar ratio of Ca/S is 2; the nitrogen controlling agent is urineThe molar ratio of urea to N is 2.
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