CN111659888A - Microwave sintering equipment and method for manufacturing titanium product by using same - Google Patents
Microwave sintering equipment and method for manufacturing titanium product by using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN111659888A CN111659888A CN202010547039.0A CN202010547039A CN111659888A CN 111659888 A CN111659888 A CN 111659888A CN 202010547039 A CN202010547039 A CN 202010547039A CN 111659888 A CN111659888 A CN 111659888A
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- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000009768 microwave sintering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 rare earth hydride Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003701 mechanical milling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 38
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009694 cold isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003826 uniaxial pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- YXTPWUNVHCYOSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis($l^{2}-silanylidene)molybdenum Chemical compound [Si]=[Mo]=[Si] YXTPWUNVHCYOSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021343 molybdenum disilicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/052—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles characterised by a mixture of particles of different sizes or by the particle size distribution
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/003—Apparatus, e.g. furnaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/005—Loading or unloading powder metal objects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
- B22F2003/1054—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding by microwave
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses microwave sintering equipment, which comprises a rack; the rack is provided with a conveying device for conveying titanium products and a furnace cover covering the conveying device; a cavity is arranged in the furnace cover, and a plurality of gates capable of moving up and down relative to the conveying device are arranged in the cavity; the plurality of gates divide the cavity into a feeding space for placing a formed green blank, a heating space for heating the formed green blank based on microwaves, and a cooling and forming space for directly cooling the blank in a sintering state or performing compression molding and cooling on the blank in a melting state; the feeding space, the heating space and the cooling forming space are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying device and are mutually isolated. The invention has simple structure and high automation level, can be suitable for the production of titanium and titanium alloy base materials and various molded products, and meets diversified and popular market demands.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of powder product sintering, in particular to microwave sintering equipment and a method for manufacturing a titanium product by using the same.
Background
The titanium metal has high strength, good corrosion resistance and high heat resistance, is a globally accepted high-performance metal material, and can be widely applied to the fields of aerospace, marine ships, chemical metallurgy, medical health, life and civil use and the like. However, the traditional processing technology of titanium and titanium alloy materials and products is complex, the production cost is high, and the further market application of titanium is seriously hindered. The microwave sintering is used as a pollution-free near-net forming method for producing titanium materials and titanium products, can reduce the production cost, and is particularly suitable for high-performance metal materials such as titanium. In order to prepare precise titanium and titanium alloy products with excellent performance and complex shapes, the microwave sintering technology is used as a novel green metallurgy method, shows huge potential and industrial value, and is widely applied to the processing fields of food, pharmacy, chemical industry, metallurgy, new materials and the like.
Therefore, after the actual production process and actual production equipment of titanium materials or titanium products are searched and examined and relevant patents are searched, the microwave sintering equipment disclosed in the prior art such as CN102506576A, CN101017058A, KR1020160017421A and the like is low in automation level, cannot be applied to large-scale industrial application by using a self-grinding equipment production line, cannot prepare high-performance and high-quality titanium materials and titanium products in large batch, and cannot be suitable for the production of titanium and titanium alloy base materials and various molded products so as to meet diversified and popular market demands. Therefore, it is necessary to develop or improve a microwave sintering apparatus and a method for manufacturing a titanium product thereof to solve the problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a microwave sintering device and a method for manufacturing a titanium product by using the same so as to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a microwave sintering device and a method for manufacturing titanium products, which comprises a frame; the rack is provided with a conveying device for conveying titanium products and a furnace cover covering the conveying device; a cavity is arranged in the furnace cover, and a plurality of gates capable of moving up and down relative to the conveying device are arranged in the cavity; the plurality of gates divide the cavity into a feeding space for placing a formed green blank, a heating space for heating the formed green blank based on microwaves, and a cooling forming space for performing compression forming and cooling on the blank in a molten state; the feeding space, the heating space and the cooling forming space are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying device and are mutually isolated.
Preferably, a bearing block for bearing the blank is placed on the conveying device; when the gate is in an open state, the bearing block can sequentially pass through the feeding space, the heating space and the cooling forming space along with the conveying device; when the gate is in a closed state, the feeding space, the heating space and the cooling forming space are all mutually independent air-tight spaces.
Preferably, a first gas inlet for inputting inert gas and a first gas outlet for recovering inert gas are communicated in the feeding space; the first gas inlet is communicated with an external gas control device, and the first gas outlet is communicated with an external gas recovery device.
Preferably, a second gas inlet for inputting inert gas or for vacuumizing and a second gas outlet for recovering inert gas are communicated in the heating space; the second air inlet is communicated with an external air control device, and the second air outlet is communicated with an external air recovery device.
Preferably, a third air inlet for inputting cooling air and a third air outlet for recovering the cooling air are communicated with the cooling forming space; the third air inlet is communicated with an external air control system, and the third air outlet is communicated with an external air recovery system.
Preferably, the furnace cover is a heat-insulating layer made of heat-insulating materials; and a high-temperature-resistant bottom plate for supporting the conveying device is also arranged in the cavity.
Preferably, the bearing block is made of a material with wave absorbing and wave transmitting functions.
The invention also provides a method for manufacturing a titanium product based on the microwave sintering equipment, which comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing raw materials, namely preparing 30-325-mesh titanium powder and titanium alloy powder in a mechanical grinding mode;
s2: mixing materials, namely mixing materials by adopting a mechanical milling, grading and coarse and fine powder mixing mode according to different titanium and titanium alloy powder particle sizes;
s3: pressing and forming, namely pressing the blank in the step S2 into a green body to be sintered by adopting pressing equipment;
s4: coating the protective layer, namely performing outer surface protection coating treatment on the green blank prepared in the S3 to obtain a formed green blank;
s5: microwave sintering, heating and cooling the formed raw blank, or pressing, shaping and cooling the blank in a molten state;
s6: and (4) finishing treatment, namely taking out the formed titanium product in the step S5 and carrying out surface treatment according to the product quality requirement.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the titanium powder to the titanium alloy powder in the step S2 is a: b: c =5:3:2, or a: c = 7/3-5/5, or c accounts for not less than 20% of the total powder mass; wherein:
a. the coarse particle powder is 30-100 meshes;
b. the fine particle powder is 200-325 meshes;
c. the superfine powder is larger than 325 meshes.
Preferably, the protective layer coating material in the step S4 is made of oxygen-deficient rare earth oxide or rare earth hydride or boride, and the thickness of the protective layer coating is 0.1-0.8 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the microwave sintering equipment and the method for manufacturing the titanium product by using the same have the advantages that:
1. by arranging the conveying device, the accuracy of conveying the blank by the conveying device is improved, and the blank can accurately enter the feeding space, the heating space and the cooling forming space so as to be matched with the production operation of the space; through being provided with the gate to realize throwing the material in same furnace mantle, heating to refrigerated continuous automation mechanized operation, utilize the elevating movement of gate simultaneously, guarantee that the blank can not only get into smoothly and leave and throw material space 5, heating space 6 and cooling shaping space 7, also can guarantee that each space is in airtight state, the gaseous recovery in each space of being convenient for simultaneously.
2. The invention has simple structure and high automation level, can be suitable for the production of titanium and titanium alloy base materials and various molded products, and meets the diversified and popular market demands.
Drawings
The invention will be further understood from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The components in the figures are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the embodiments. Like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the different views.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a microwave sintering apparatus in embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a microwave sintering apparatus according to embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a production process diagram of a method for producing a titanium product according to embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressing device of a microwave sintering apparatus in embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of a pressing device of a microwave sintering apparatus in embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a partial structure of a microwave sintering apparatus in embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a second schematic structural diagram of a partial structure of a microwave sintering apparatus in embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a third schematic structural diagram of a partial structure of a microwave sintering apparatus in embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1-a frame; 2-a conveying device; 3-furnace mantle; 4-a gate; 5-feeding space; 6-heating the space; 7-cooling the molding space; 8-an insulating layer; 9-high temperature resistant soleplate; 10-a pressing device; 11-a workbench; 12-a ram die; 13-a first transport assembly; 14-a second transport assembly; 15-a third transport assembly; 16-a conveyor belt; 17-a first drive; 18-a first mounting plate; 19-a second mounting plate; 20-a receiving platform; 21-a first lifting device; 22-a mounting frame; 23-a slide rail; 24-a connecting seat; 25-a lifting module; 26-a pressing block; 27-a guide rail; 28-a second drive; 29-a support frame; 30-second lifting device.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to embodiments thereof; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Other systems, methods, and/or features of the present embodiments will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon review of the following detailed description. It is intended that all such additional systems, methods, features and advantages be included within this description, be within the scope of the invention, and be protected by the accompanying claims. Additional features of the disclosed embodiments are described in, and will be apparent from, the detailed description that follows.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but it is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent, and the specific meaning of the terms described above will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the microwave sintering equipment and the method for manufacturing the titanium product thereof as shown in figures 1-8 comprise a frame 1; the rack 1 is provided with a conveying device 2 for conveying titanium products and a furnace cover 3 covering the conveying device 2; a cavity is arranged in the furnace cover 3, and a plurality of gates 4 capable of moving up and down relative to the conveying device 2 are arranged in the cavity; the plurality of gates 4 divide the cavity into a feeding space 5 for placing a formed raw material, a heating space 6 for heating the formed raw material based on microwaves, and a cooling and forming space 7 for directly cooling the material in a sintered state or performing press forming and cooling on the material in a molten state; the feeding space 5, the heating space 6 and the cooling and forming space 7 are arranged in sequence along the conveying direction of the conveying device 2 and are isolated from each other.
Wherein, a bearing block for bearing the blank is placed on the conveying device 2 in the embodiment 1; when the gate 4 is in an open state, the bearing block can sequentially pass through the feeding space 5, the heating space 6 and the cooling forming space 7 along with the conveying device 2; when the gate 4 is in a closed state, the feeding space 5, the heating space 6 and the cooling and forming space 7 are all mutually independent airtight spaces.
Wherein, a first gas inlet for inputting inert gas and a first gas outlet for recovering inert gas are communicated in the feeding space 5; the first gas inlet is communicated with an external gas control device, and the first gas outlet is communicated with an external gas recovery device.
A second gas inlet for inputting inert gas or vacuumizing and a second gas outlet for recovering the inert gas are communicated with the heating space 6; the second air inlet is communicated with an external air control device, and the second air outlet is communicated with an external air recovery device.
A third air inlet for inputting cooling air and a third air outlet for recovering the cooling air are communicated with the cooling forming space 7; the third air inlet is communicated with an external air control system, and the third air outlet is communicated with an external air recovery system.
The furnace cover 3 in the embodiment 1 is a heat-insulating layer 8 made of a heat-insulating material; and a high-temperature-resistant bottom plate 9 for supporting the conveying device 2 is also arranged in the cavity. Moreover, the bearing block is made of materials with wave absorbing and wave transmitting functions.
As shown in fig. 3, this embodiment 1 further provides a method for manufacturing a titanium product based on a microwave sintering apparatus, including the following steps:
s1: preparing raw materials, namely preparing 30-325-mesh titanium powder and titanium alloy powder in a mechanical grinding mode;
s2: mixing materials, namely mixing materials by adopting a mechanical milling, grading and coarse and fine powder mixing mode according to different titanium and titanium alloy powder particle sizes;
s3: pressing and forming, namely pressing the blank in the step S2 into a green body to be sintered by adopting pressing equipment;
s4: coating the protective layer, namely performing outer surface protection coating treatment on the green blank prepared in the S3 to obtain a formed green blank;
s5: microwave sintering, heating and cooling the formed raw blank, or pressing, shaping and cooling the blank in a molten state;
s6: and (4) finishing treatment, namely taking out the formed titanium product in the step S5 and carrying out surface treatment according to the product quality requirement.
Wherein the mass ratio of the titanium powder to the titanium alloy powder in the step S2 is a: b: c =5:3:2, or a: c = 7/3-5/5, or c accounts for not less than 20% of the total powder mass; wherein:
a. the coarse particle powder is 30-100 meshes;
b. the fine particle powder is 200-325 meshes;
c. the superfine powder is larger than 325 meshes.
The protective layer coating material in the step S4 is made of oxygen-deficient rare earth oxide or rare earth hydride or boride, and the thickness of the protective layer coating is 0.1-0.8 mm.
Example two:
the second embodiment is further described in the above embodiments, it should be understood that the second embodiment includes all the technical features and is further specifically described as follows:
the microwave sintering equipment and the method for manufacturing the titanium product thereof as shown in figures 1-8 comprise a frame 1; the rack 1 is provided with a conveying device 2 for conveying titanium products and a furnace cover 3 covering the conveying device 2; a cavity is arranged in the furnace cover 3, and a plurality of gates 4 capable of moving up and down relative to the conveying device 2 are arranged in the cavity; the plurality of gates 4 divide the cavity into a charging space 5 for placing a molded green material, a heating space 6 for heating the molded green material based on microwaves, and a cooling molding space 7 for press-molding and cooling the material in a molten state; the feeding space 5, the heating space 6 and the cooling and forming space 7 are arranged in sequence along the conveying direction of the conveying device 2 and are isolated from each other.
In the embodiment 2, the conveying device 2 is arranged, so that the accuracy of conveying the blank by the conveying device 2 is improved, and the blank can accurately enter the feeding space 5, the heating space 6 and the cooling forming space 7, so that the production operation of the spaces is matched; through being provided with gate 4 to realize throwing the material in same furnace mantle 3, heating and refrigerated continuous automation mechanized operation, utilize the elevating movement of gate 4 simultaneously, guarantee that the blank can get into smoothly and leave and throw material space 5, heating space 6 and cooling shaping space 7, also can guarantee that each space is in airtight state, the gaseous recovery in each space of being convenient for simultaneously.
Wherein, the conveying device 2 in this embodiment 2 is provided with a bearing block for bearing the blank; when the gate 4 is in an open state, the bearing block can sequentially pass through the feeding space 5, the heating space 6 and the cooling forming space 7 along with the conveying device 2; when the gate 4 is in a closed state, the feeding space 5, the heating space 6 and the cooling and forming space 7 are all mutually independent airtight spaces.
In order to realize the recycling of gas, a first gas inlet for inputting inert gas and a first gas outlet for recycling inert gas are connected to the feeding space 5 in the embodiment 2; the first gas inlet is communicated with an external gas control device, and the first gas outlet is communicated with an external gas recovery device. A second gas inlet for inputting inert gas or vacuumizing and a second gas outlet for recovering the inert gas are communicated with the heating space 6; the second air inlet is communicated with an external air control device, and the second air outlet is communicated with an external air recovery device. A third air inlet for inputting cooling air and a third air outlet for recovering the cooling air are communicated with the cooling forming space 7; the third air inlet is communicated with an external air control system, and the third air outlet is communicated with an external air recovery system.
As shown in fig. 1, in order to reduce heat loss and ensure controllable temperature in the cavity, the furnace mantle 3 in this embodiment 2 is an insulating layer 8 made of an insulating material; and a high-temperature-resistant bottom plate 9 for supporting the conveying device 2 is also arranged in the cavity. Moreover, the bearing block is made of a material with wave absorbing and transmitting functions, and is specifically a base material or a crucible; the base material or the crucible is made of silicon nitride-silicon carbide or molybdenum disilicide, the material is a high-wave-absorbing and wave-transmitting material and can be used as an auxiliary receiver of microwaves, and when the microwaves are heated to a critical temperature, the radiation absorbed by the wave-absorbing material causes the material to self-heat, so that a microwave mixed heating mode is formed; the densification degree of the material is further improved, and the mechanical property is better.
As shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment 2 further provides a method for manufacturing a titanium product based on a microwave sintering apparatus, including the following steps:
s1: preparing raw materials, namely preparing 30-325-mesh titanium powder and titanium alloy powder in a mechanical grinding mode;
s2: mixing materials, namely mixing materials by adopting a mechanical milling, grading and coarse and fine powder mixing mode according to different titanium and titanium alloy powder particle sizes;
s3: pressing and forming, namely pressing the blank in the step S2 into a green body to be sintered by adopting pressing equipment;
s4: coating the protective layer, namely performing outer surface protection coating treatment on the green blank prepared in the S3 to obtain a formed green blank;
s5: microwave sintering, heating and cooling the formed raw blank, or pressing, shaping and cooling the blank in a molten state;
s6: and (4) finishing treatment, namely taking out the formed titanium product in the step S5 and carrying out surface treatment according to the product quality requirement.
Wherein the mass ratio of the titanium powder to the titanium alloy powder in the step S2 is a: b: c =5:3:2, or a: c = 7/3-5/5, or c accounts for not less than 20% of the total powder mass; wherein:
a. the coarse particle powder is 30-100 meshes;
b. the fine particle powder is 200-325 meshes;
c. the superfine powder is larger than 325 meshes.
Wherein the protective layer coating material in the step S4 is made of oxygen-deficient rare earth oxide or rare earth hydride or boride, and the thickness of the protective layer coating is 0.1-0.8 mm; the oxygen-deficient rare earth oxide such as yttrium oxide, rare earth hydride, boride and the like are used as isolation layers, so that the titanium-containing green compact is prevented from reacting with a base material and a heat-insulating material in atmosphere and volatile substances caused by strong microwave radiation to pollute the titanium and titanium alloy blanks being sintered.
In the preparation method of embodiment 2, the prepared titanium powder and titanium alloy powder of 30-325 meshes are selected, raw material powders with different thicknesses are selected, mixed and proportioned according to a certain proportion, pressed and formed in a press forming device by cold isostatic pressing, uniaxial pressing or multiaxial pressing, and the like, then the formed green body is subjected to surface protection coating treatment by a coating treatment device, and the coated green body is placed in a substrate or a crucible to prepare for entering a tunnel type continuous microwave sintering furnace for sintering. Conveying the green body subjected to protective coating treatment into a feeding space by using an external material conveying system, closing a gate 4 and starting to open an atmosphere system to fill inert atmosphere or vacuumize, after the environment in the furnace is sintered, feeding the green body into a heating space to perform microwave heating, heating to a set temperature according to the heating of a microwave heating control system, keeping the temperature after heating for a required time, feeding the heated and formed blank into a cooling and forming space, directly cooling the sintered blank or performing compression forming on the molten blank by using a pressing device 10 according to the requirement of a formed product, and discharging the cooled blank out of the furnace to perform rear end surface treatment. The protective atmosphere in the furnace is injected or recycled according to actual needs in the whole process, and the recycling of zero emission of gas is realized.
As is known, the existence of inherent pores on metal materials and products obviously influences the physical and chemical properties of the materials and the products, the difficulty of precise forming of the materials and the products is also increased, and in order to reduce the influence of the inherent pores of powder sintered products and improve the effects of powder raw materials and an electromagnetic field, the compaction of powder plays a critical role.
With respect to the raw material ratio in the step S2, through a plurality of experiments, experimental data prove that the particle size of the powder has an influence on the flowability, the loose packed density, the particle surface contact area and the powder compressibility of the powder, in the field of microwave sintering, the particle size of the powder influences the performance of a microwave sintered body, and research experiments show that the smaller the particle size of the powder is, the better the sintering temperature and performance is, but the fine powder is easier to oxidize, the lower the safety is, the higher the cost is, and the powder is difficult to adapt to the industrial development and the market demand. The microwave sintering experiment of titanium metal shows that the strength and plasticity of the titanium metal powder after being sintered by the pressed compact can be greatly improved by adding a certain proportion of fine powder into the coarse powder, the performance similar to that of the pressed compact sintering of the fine powder can be achieved, meanwhile, the price of the coarse powder is much lower (about 10 times) than that of the fine powder, and the coarse powder is easy to prepare and has high safety. In order to improve the relative compactness of the powder and reduce the cost of the raw materials, the step S2 adopts the mode of mechanical pulverization, classification and coarse and fine powder mixing for proportioning, and mechanical mixing is not needed again, so that the process is simplified, and the pollution of the powder raw materials is reduced.
Regarding the compaction forming in the step 3, because titanium metal has the characteristic of high work hardening rate, and the characteristics of good sphericity and strong fluidity of high-quality titanium powder and titanium alloy powder prepared by the company are combined, after a certain proportion of mixed ingredients, cold isostatic pressing (dry or wet cold isostatic pressing), uniaxial pressing or biaxial pressing are adopted to carry out compaction, and the relative density of a green compact is not lower than 80%. The relative compactness of the pressed compact based on the titanium material is in direct proportion to the relative density of sintering forming, and according to different requirements of a final product on the sintering compactness, the pressed compact is formed by adopting 100-700 MPa (dry or wet) cold isostatic pressing pressure or is unidirectionally compacted by adopting 100-600 MPa uniaxial pressing to prepare a green compact to be sintered.
In the step S5, during the microwave sintering, the blank is prepared by using a microwave sintering device, and the working principle is as follows:
firstly, in a feeding space, placing a processed molded green blank on a substrate or a crucible prepared from silicon nitride, silicon carbide or molybdenum disilicide materials with wave absorbing and wave transmitting functions, opening a gate 4, conveying the processed molded green blank to a feeding space 5 through a conveying device 2, closing the gate 4 and then filling inert atmosphere for protection; further, after the sealed gate 4 is closed, the green body of the feeding space 5 is automatically conveyed into the heating space 6 through the conveying device 2, then the vacuumizing or the inert protective atmosphere is started, when the vacuum degree reaches 10 < -3 > -4 > 10 < -3 > cubic pascal (the vacuum degree of the alloy material is 10 < -1 > -4.3 > 10 < -3 >), or the protective atmosphere argon gas is charged, the heating is started in the 2.45GHz microwave multi-mold cavity, the heating is carried out for 90-240 minutes, if other formed products such as a rod, a pipe and the like are prepared, the heating temperature is required to reach 1300 ℃ -1560 ℃, the heat preservation time reaches 60-180 minutes, then the sintered blank of the rod, the pipe and other formed products is obtained, finally, the protective atmosphere argon gas is charged into the cooling forming space 7, after the air in the cooling forming space 7 is completely replaced, the gate 4 between the heating space 6 and the cooling forming space 7 is opened, and conveying the sintered rod, tube and other sintered blank to a cooling forming space 7, firstly, starting slow cooling by adopting argon, and converting into liquid argon for rapid cooling forming when the detected cooling temperature reaches 900 ℃. If plate and ingot products are prepared, the heating temperature needs to reach 1700-1860 ℃, the heat preservation time reaches 120-180 minutes, then plate and ingot blanks in a molten state are obtained, finally, the cooling forming space 7 is filled with argon in a protective atmosphere, after air in the cooling forming space 7 is completely replaced, a gate 4 between a heating space 6 and the cooling forming space 7 is opened, the plate and ingot blanks in the molten state are conveyed to the cooling forming space 7, argon is adopted to start slow cooling, meanwhile, a pressing device 10 is quickly used for pressing and forming the blanks in the molten state, and when the cooling temperature is detected to reach 900 ℃, the blanks are converted into liquid argon to be quickly quenched and formed. And recycling argon before blowing in the furnace. Wherein, cooling shaping space 7 adopts argon gas as protective atmosphere, plays the effect of protection at first, avoids titanium blank to cool off fast simultaneously, influences the performance of titanium or titanium alloy goods, uses argon gas earlier, uses liquid argon again to cool off, accelerates ejection of compact time, enlarges the volume production ability.
Example three:
third embodiment is further described in the above embodiments, it should be understood that the present embodiment includes all the technical features described above and further specifically described as:
as shown in fig. 4 to 8, in order to accurately position the blank, so that the blank is pressed for multiple times, and the internal structure of the blank is ensured to be compact, so as to reduce the influence of stress on the titanium product, in embodiment 3, the blank needs to be pressed during cooling forming, so that a pressing device 10 is arranged in the cooling forming space; the pressing device 10 includes a table 11; a pressure head die 12 which can reciprocate relative to an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis of the workbench 11 is arranged on the workbench; a first conveying assembly 13, a second conveying assembly 14 and a third conveying assembly 15 which are used for conveying the blanks and are designed in a three-section mode are arranged on the workbench 11 along the conveying direction of the blanks; a material waiting area, a primary compression molding area and a secondary compression molding area are divided on the workbench 11 along the conveying direction of the blank according to functions; the first conveying assembly 13 is located in the material waiting area, the second conveying assembly 14 is located in the first-stage compression molding area, and the third conveying assembly 15 is located in the second-stage compression molding area.
As shown in fig. 4 and 8, in order to ensure that the ram die 12 can press the blank better, the second conveying assembly 14 in this embodiment 3 includes a pair of conveyor belts 16, a first driving device 17 for driving the pair of conveyor belts 16 to move circularly, and a first mounting plate 18 and a second mounting plate 19 arranged along the blank conveying direction; the first mounting plate 18 and the second mounting plate 19 are arranged side by side at intervals; the 2 conveyer belts 16 are respectively arranged on one end surfaces of the first mounting plate 18 and the second mounting plate 19 which are oppositely arranged; a bearing table 20 which is matched with the die 12 for pressing is also arranged between the first mounting plate 18 and the second mounting plate 19; the second conveying assembly 14 further comprises a first lifting device 21 for controlling the synchronous lifting of the first mounting plate 18 and the second mounting plate 19; the output end of the first lifting device 21 abuts against the first mounting plate 18 and the second mounting plate 19.
As shown in fig. 7, in order to realize the secondary pressing of the blank to ensure compact interior of the blank and stress relief, in this embodiment 3, a mounting frame 22 is disposed beside the secondary press forming region; the mounting rack 22 is provided with a slide rail 23 arranged along the conveying direction of the third conveying assembly 15, and the slide rail 23 is connected with a connecting seat 24 in a sliding manner; the connecting seat 24 is provided with a lifting module 25; and a pressing block 26 for performing secondary pressing forming on the blank is arranged on the moving end of the lifting module 25.
As shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment 3, a guide rail 27, a slider slidably connected to the guide rail 27, and a second driving device 28 for driving the slider to reciprocate along the guide rail 27 are arranged on the table 11 along the conveying direction of the billet; a support frame 29 is arranged on the sliding block; a second lifting device 30 is arranged on the support frame 29; the output end of the second lifting device 30 is arranged downwards and is connected with the pressure head die 12; the ram die 12 is located above the receiving station 20.
Moreover, an air suction port and an air inlet port are arranged on one end face, facing the receiving platform 20, of the pressure head die 12; the air suction port is communicated with the air inlet, and the air inlet is communicated with an external air suction device.
In addition, in order to improve the automation level and reduce the labor force, in this embodiment 3, the first conveying assembly 13, the second conveying assembly 14 and the third conveying assembly 15 are all provided with a position sensor for detecting the position of the blank and a pressure sensor for detecting the stress condition of the ram mold 12.
A detection device is also arranged on the workbench 11; the detection device comprises a camera and a processing module in communication connection with the camera; the processing module comprises an image processing unit, a blank abnormal point identification unit and a press forming failure analysis unit; the image processing unit is used for carrying out image edge processing and color deepening on edges based on the blank image collected by the camera; the blank abnormal point identification unit is used for identifying concave, convex and lacking areas in the acquired blank image and marking the positions of the abnormal points; and the press forming failure analysis unit is used for analyzing the press forming failure according to the blank image and obtaining failure information.
The working principle is as follows: one end of the first conveying assembly 13 is connected with the conveying device 2, and one end of the third conveying assembly 15, which is far away from the second conveying assembly 14, is connected with the conveying device 2; the bearing blocks from the heating space 6 enter the first conveying assembly 13 through a gate; further, the carrier block carrying the blank is conveyed to the end of the second conveyor assembly 14; further, the bearing block is conveyed to the bearing table 20 and is subjected to press forming by the press head die 12, the blank further subjected to the primary press forming is conveyed to the third conveying assembly 15, the press block performs secondary press forming on the blank, and finally the blank is conveyed to the conveying device 2.
The first mounting plate 18 and the second mounting plate 19 of the second conveying assembly 14 can move up and down, in the conveying process, the second conveying assembly 14, the first conveying assembly 13 and the third conveying assembly 15 are located on the same horizontal plane, when the second conveying assembly is in press forming, the first mounting plate 18 and the second mounting plate 19 are in a descending state, and the bearing block is received by the receiving table 20 and then pressed.
Although the invention has been described above with reference to various embodiments, it should be understood that many changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. That is, the methods, systems, and devices discussed above are examples. Various configurations may omit, substitute, or add various procedures or components as appropriate. For example, in alternative configurations, the methods may be performed in an order different than that described, and/or various components may be added, omitted, and/or combined. Moreover, features described with respect to certain configurations may be combined in various other configurations, as different aspects and elements of the configurations may be combined in a similar manner. Further, elements therein may be updated as technology evolves, i.e., many elements are examples and do not limit the scope of the disclosure or claims.
Specific details are given in the description to provide a thorough understanding of the exemplary configurations including implementations. However, configurations may be practiced without these specific details, for example, well-known circuits, processes, algorithms, structures, and techniques have been shown without unnecessary detail in order to avoid obscuring the configurations. This description provides example configurations only, and does not limit the scope, applicability, or configuration of the claims. Rather, the foregoing description of the configurations will provide those skilled in the art with an enabling description for implementing the described techniques. Various changes may be made in the function and arrangement of elements without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure.
It is intended that the foregoing detailed description be regarded as illustrative rather than limiting, and that it be understood that it is the following claims, including all equivalents, that are intended to define the spirit and scope of this invention. The above examples are to be construed as merely illustrative and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure. After reading the description of the invention, the skilled person can make various changes or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent changes and modifications also fall into the scope of the invention defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A microwave sintering device is characterized by comprising a frame; the rack is provided with a conveying device for conveying titanium products and a furnace cover covering the conveying device; a cavity is arranged in the furnace cover, and a plurality of gates capable of moving up and down relative to the conveying device are arranged in the cavity; the plurality of gates divide the cavity into a feeding space for placing a formed green blank, a heating space for heating the formed green blank based on microwaves, and a cooling and forming space for directly cooling the blank in a sintering state or performing compression molding and cooling on the blank in a melting state; the feeding space, the heating space and the cooling forming space are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying device and are mutually isolated.
2. The microwave sintering equipment according to claim 1, wherein a bearing block for bearing the blank is placed on the conveying device; when the gate is in an open state, the bearing block can sequentially pass through the feeding space, the heating space and the cooling forming space along with the conveying device; when the gate is in a closed state, the feeding space, the heating space and the cooling forming space are all mutually independent air-tight spaces.
3. The microwave sintering equipment according to claim 2, wherein a first gas inlet for inputting inert gas and a first gas outlet for recovering inert gas are communicated in the feeding space; the first gas inlet is communicated with an external gas control device, and the first gas outlet is communicated with an external gas recovery device.
4. The microwave sintering equipment according to claim 2, wherein a second gas inlet for inputting inert gas or for vacuumizing and a second gas outlet for recovering inert gas are communicated in the heating space; the second air inlet is communicated with an external air control device, and the second air outlet is communicated with an external air recovery device.
5. The microwave sintering equipment according to claim 2, wherein a third gas inlet for inputting cooling gas and a third gas outlet for recovering cooling gas are communicated in the cooling forming space; the third air inlet is communicated with an external air control system, and the third air outlet is communicated with an external air recovery system.
6. The microwave sintering equipment of claim 1, wherein the oven hood is a heat insulating layer made of a heat insulating material; and a high-temperature-resistant bottom plate for supporting the conveying device is also arranged in the cavity.
7. The microwave sintering equipment of claim 2, wherein the bearing block is made of a material with wave absorbing and transmitting functions.
8. A method for manufacturing a titanium product based on the microwave sintering equipment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: preparing raw materials, namely preparing 30-325-mesh titanium powder and titanium alloy powder in a mechanical grinding mode;
s2: mixing materials, namely mixing materials by adopting a mechanical milling, grading and coarse and fine powder mixing mode according to different titanium and titanium alloy powder particle sizes;
s3: pressing and forming, namely pressing the blank in the step S2 into a green body to be sintered by adopting pressing equipment;
s4: coating the protective layer, namely performing outer surface protection coating treatment on the green blank prepared in the S3 to obtain a formed green blank;
s5: microwave sintering, heating and cooling the formed raw blank, or pressing, shaping and cooling the blank in a molten state;
s6: and (4) finishing treatment, namely taking out the formed titanium product in the step S5 and carrying out surface treatment according to the product quality requirement.
9. The microwave sintering equipment of claim 8, wherein the mass ratio of the titanium powder to the titanium alloy powder in the step S2 is a: b: c =5:3:2, or a: c = 7/3-5/5, or c accounts for not less than 20% of the total powder mass ratio; wherein:
a. the coarse particle powder is 30-100 meshes;
b. the fine particle powder is 200-325 meshes;
c. the superfine powder is larger than 325 meshes.
10. The microwave sintering equipment of claim 8, wherein the protective layer coating material in step S4 is made of oxygen-deficient rare earth oxide or rare earth hydride or boride, and the thickness of the protective layer coating is 0.1-0.8 mm.
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Denomination of invention: A microwave sintering equipment and its method for manufacturing titanium products Effective date of registration: 20230328 Granted publication date: 20210112 Pledgee: Chaoyang County Sub branch of Chaoyang Bank Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: Jiangsu runti technology new materials Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023210000055 |