CN111659619B - Screening device for separating moss from soil and application method of screening device - Google Patents
Screening device for separating moss from soil and application method of screening device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111659619B CN111659619B CN202010657027.3A CN202010657027A CN111659619B CN 111659619 B CN111659619 B CN 111659619B CN 202010657027 A CN202010657027 A CN 202010657027A CN 111659619 B CN111659619 B CN 111659619B
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- soil
- air supply
- supply device
- moss
- collecting tank
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 241000405070 Percophidae Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 description 12
- 241000736285 Sphagnum Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000223935 Cryptosporidium Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010020112 Hirsutism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000195887 Physcomitrella patens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
- B07B4/02—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
Abstract
The invention discloses a screening device for separating moss from soil and a using method thereof, belonging to the technical field of soil experiment devices; it comprises a base; a bracket is arranged on the base along the vertical direction; a screen disc is arranged at the top of the bracket; a vibrating motor is arranged on the screen disc, and a reducing funnel is also arranged at the lower end of the screen disc; a collecting tank is also arranged on the base; the opening of the collecting tank is arranged opposite to the lower discharge end of the reducing hopper; an air supply device is arranged on the bracket, and the air outlet end of the air supply device is arranged at the position between the collecting tank and the reducing hopper; the vibration motor and the air supply device are powered by an external power supply; the invention effectively solves the problems that the prior moss is selected from the soil and can only be manually processed by operators, the working efficiency is low, and the problems of error picking, missed selection and the like are easy to occur.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil experiment devices, in particular to a screening device for separating moss from soil and a using method thereof.
Background
Biological crust (biological soil crusts), also known as biological soil crust, soil microbial crust and the like, is a compound formed by bonding of cryptosporidium, fungi, algae, lichen, moss and other cryptosporidium, hypha, secretion and the like with soil gravel, and is an important surface coverage type (more than 40%) of arid and semi-arid regions. Biological crust is one of the most characteristic biological landscapes of partial soil desertification, and the existence of the biological crust has important significance on the aspects of desert fixation, physicochemical and biological characteristics of soil surface, wind erosion resistance, water erosion resistance and the like. Biological crust is also pioneer species for the succession of desert vegetation, and plays an important role in promoting the evolution of the desert vegetation; the fragile geological environment and the strong human activity in the karst environment cause stony desertification to occur frequently, and the earth surface soil is directly exposed and eroded, so that the karst environment is a typical soil environment with serious water and soil loss. Moss crust is an important surface covering object in a stony desertification ecological system, the research on the condition of local crust soil is often an important point in the process of researching the ecological function of the moss crust, in the conventional operation flow, a soil sample collected from the field needs to be subjected to a series of treatments such as drying in the shade and crushing to remove moisture, and the original moss biological crust needs to be taken out of the dried soil sample to obtain soil with higher purity for subsequent research; however, moss is selected at present mainly by manually processing by an operator through devices such as forceps; however, the mixing degree of moss and soil is high, so that the moss and soil are very inconvenient in the manual selection process, which is a big problem at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the utility model provides a screening device for separating moss and soil to solve and select the native moss from soil at present and can only handle through operating personnel manual, work efficiency is low, and the problem such as misplacement, missed selection appear easily.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a screening device for separating moss from soil comprises a base; a bracket is arranged on the base along the vertical direction; a screen disc is arranged at the top of the bracket; a vibrating motor is arranged on the screen disc, and a reducing funnel is also arranged at the lower end of the screen disc; a collecting tank is also arranged on the base; the opening of the collecting tank is arranged opposite to the lower discharge end of the reducing hopper; an air supply device is arranged on the bracket, and the air outlet end of the air supply device is arranged at the position between the collecting tank and the reducing hopper; the vibration motor and the air supply device are powered by an external power supply.
Preferably, the bracket comprises an outer ring supporting frame and an inner ring supporting frame; the outer roll supporting frame is installed along the outer side wall of the screen disc; the inner ring supporting frame is arranged below the reducing hopper; the air supply device is arranged at the side part of the inner ring support frame.
Further, the upper top of the outer ring support frame is a ring structure matched with the side wall of the screen disc in size, and the screen disc is detachably arranged on the outer ring support frame.
Further, the inner ring support frame is of an inverted bucket-shaped structure; the lower bottom of the barrel-shaped structure is arranged on the base, and a through hole matched with the outer side wall of the middle part of the reducing funnel in size is also formed in the upper top of the barrel-shaped structure; the reducing funnel is arranged on the inner ring support frame through the through hole; and the side walls of the inner ring support frames are respectively provided with an air supply device and corresponding diversion ventilation holes.
Further, a vibration reduction ring pad is arranged at the joint of the inner ring support frame and the reducing funnel; the flow guide vent hole is arranged on the side end face of the bottom of the inner ring support frame.
Preferably, the air supply device is a fan structure with adjustable power.
Preferably, the discharging end at the lower bottom of the reducing funnel is of a flat duckbill structure; the air outlet end of the air supply device is arranged in parallel with the duckbill structure; the tank opening of the collecting tank is of a square structure; the size of the air outlet end on the air supply device and the size of the tank opening on the collecting tank are not smaller than the length of the duckbill structure of the discharge end on the reducing hopper.
Preferably, the collecting tank is detachably mounted on the base, and the inner cavity of the collecting tank is divided into a first collecting area and a second collecting area by a partition plate; wherein the first collection area is arranged under the reducing hopper, and the second collection area is arranged at one side far away from the air supply device.
Preferably, the upper part of the collecting tank is of an inclined plane structure; the inclined plane structure is higher on one side close to the air supply device and lower on one side far away from the air supply device.
The invention also provides a use method of the screening device for separating moss from soil, which comprises the following steps:
s1, connecting all the components and confirming that the functions of all the components are normal;
s2, placing the soil sample to be treated into a sieve tray; adjusting the power of the air supply device;
s3, sequentially opening a switch of the air supply device and a switch of the vibration motor; then, under the action of a vibrating motor, the soil in the screen disc can be sprayed downwards along with the duckbill discharge end of the moss along the reducing hopper, at the moment, the moss with lighter mass is separated from the soil with heavier mass by an air supply device, the moss is blown away from the tank opening of the lower collecting tank, and the soil correspondingly falls into the collecting tank;
s4, closing the vibration motor and the air supply device; detaching the collecting tank from the base, pouring out the soil in the first collecting area and the second collecting area respectively, and after observation, putting all the soil into the sieve tray again if a large amount of obvious moss remains in the soil in the first collecting area and the soil in the second collecting area, and increasing the power of the air supply device to enter a step S3; if no obvious moss exists in the soil in the first collecting area, and a large amount of obvious moss remains in the soil in the second collecting area, putting the soil obtained from the second collecting area into a screen disc again, and entering a step S3;
s5, preserving the soil until no obvious moss exists in the soil of the first collecting area and the soil of the second collecting area so as to finish the separation operation, and meanwhile, cleaning the scattered moss between the collecting tank and the second inner ring supporting frame.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
aiming at the improvement of the existing method for separating moss from soil, the invention arranges the vibrating screen assembly on the bracket, and utilizes the reducing hopper to concentrate the mixed soil fallen by the vibrating screen to the air outlet position of the air supply device, and utilizes the wind pressure to separate the moss from the soil with different specific weights; the soil can directly fall into a collecting tank below, and moss is blown off; compared with the prior scheme that the selection can be directly processed and carried out manually by an operator, the process can effectively solve the problems that the working efficiency of the latter is low, and the problems of error picking, missed selection and the like are easy to occur.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the device of the present embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the reducing hopper in the present embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the three-dimensional structure of the collecting tank in the present embodiment
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. base, 2, support, 2A, outer lane support frame, 2B, inner circle support frame, 3, sieve tray, 4, vibrating motor, 5, reducing funnel, 6, collection tank, 6A, first collection area, 6B, second collection area, 7, air supply arrangement.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples:
examples:
referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a screening apparatus for separating moss and soil, comprising a base 1; a bracket 2 is arranged on the base 1 along the vertical direction; a screen disc 3 is arranged at the top of the bracket 2; a vibrating motor 4 is arranged on the screen disc 3, and a reducing funnel 5 is also arranged at the lower end of the screen disc 3; a collecting tank 6 is also arranged on the base 1; the opening of the collecting tank 6 is opposite to the lower discharging end of the reducing hopper 5; an air supply device 7 is arranged on the bracket 2, and the air outlet end of the air supply device 7 is arranged at a position between the collection tank 6 and the reducing hopper 5; the vibration motor 4 and the blower 7 are both powered by an external power source. The sieve tray in this embodiment uses a standard sieve tray.
The bracket 2 comprises an outer ring supporting frame 2A and an inner ring supporting frame 2B; the outer roll supporting frame 2A is installed along the outer side wall of the screen disc 3; the inner ring support frame 2B is arranged below the reducing hopper 5; the blower 7 is mounted on the side of the inner ring support frame 2B.
The upper top of the outer ring support frame 2A is a ring structure matched with the side wall of the screen disc 3 in size, and the screen disc 3 is detachably arranged on the outer ring support frame 2A.
The inner ring support frame 2A is of an inverted bucket-shaped structure; the lower bottom of the barrel-shaped structure is arranged on the base 1, and a through hole matched with the outer side wall of the middle part of the reducing funnel 5 in size is also formed in the upper top of the barrel-shaped structure; the reducing hopper 5 is arranged on the inner ring support frame 2A through the through hole; the side wall of the inner ring support frame 2A is respectively provided with an air supply device 7 and a corresponding diversion ventilation hole.
A vibration reduction ring pad is also arranged at the joint of the inner ring support frame 4 and the reducing hopper 5; the flow guide vent holes are arranged on the side end face of the bottom of the inner ring support frame 4.
The air supply device 7 is a fan structure with adjustable power.
The discharging end at the lower bottom of the reducing funnel 5 is in a flat duckbill structure; the air outlet end of the air supply device 7 is arranged in parallel with the duckbill structure; the tank mouth of the collecting tank 6 is of a square structure; the size of the air outlet end on the air supply device 7 and the tank opening on the collecting tank 6 are not smaller than the length of the duckbill structure of the discharge end on the reducing hopper 5.
The collecting tank 6 is detachably arranged on the base 1, and the inner cavity of the collecting tank 6 is divided into a first collecting area 6A and a second collecting area 6B by a partition plate; wherein the first collecting area 6A is arranged right below the reducing hopper 5 and the second collecting area 6B is arranged at a side far away from the air supply device 7.
The upper part of the collecting tank 6 is of an inclined plane structure; the side of the inclined surface structure close to the air supply device 7 is higher, and the side 6 far away from the air supply device is lower.
The invention also provides a use method of the screening device for separating moss from soil, which comprises the following steps:
s1, connecting all the components and confirming that the functions of all the components are normal;
s2, placing a soil sample to be treated into a screen disc 3; adjusting the power of the air supply device 7;
s3, sequentially opening the switch of the air supply device 7 and the vibration motor 4; then, under the action of the vibrating motor 4, the soil in the screen disc 3 can be sprayed downwards along with the duckbill discharge end of the moss along the reducing hopper 5, at the moment, the moss with lighter mass is separated from the soil with heavier mass by the air supply device 7, the moss is blown away from the tank opening of the lower collecting tank 6, and the soil correspondingly falls into the collecting tank 6;
s4, closing the vibration motor 4 and the air supply device 6; removing the collection tank 6 from the base, pouring out the soil in the first collection area 6A and the second collection area 6B respectively, and after observation, if a large amount of obvious moss remains in the soil in the first collection area 6A and the second collection area 6B, putting all the soil into the screen disc 3 again, increasing the power of the air supply device 7, and entering the step S3; if there is no apparent moss in the soil in the first collection area 6A and a large amount of apparent moss remains in the soil in the second collection area 6B, the soil obtained from the second collection area 6B is put back into the sieve tray 3 and step S3 is entered;
s5, storing the soil until no obvious moss exists in the soil of the first collecting area 6A and the soil of the second collecting area 6B so as to finish the separation operation, and meanwhile, cleaning the scattered moss between the collecting tank and the second inner ring supporting frame.
The fan used in the embodiment is a 3004 standard 4mm thick fan structure manufactured by Shenzhen wind gathering and heat dissipating limited company, which can perform PWM speed regulation; the opening size of the bottom duckbill end of the corresponding reducing funnel 5 is 25mm x 3mm; the collecting tank is of a cuboid structure with the length of 60mm, the width of 50mm and the height of 80mm, wherein the section of the first collecting area is 60mm x 35mm;
experiments were performed using three different moss crust types of soil, namely, sphagnum cinerea, sphagnum scicum and sphagnum pilaris, in this example, wherein the dry weight of sphagnum cinerea is 0.021g/ml; the dry weight of the erythrotooth moss in the ear branch is 0.019g/ml; the dry weight of the physcomitrella patens is 0.013g/ml; the specific gravity of the corresponding three soils is within the interval of 1.4-1.7 g/ml.
Through tests, the power of the fan can lead the soil falling from the reducing hopper 5 to fall into the collecting tank 6 when the power is not more than 50W;
after the two operations are sequentially carried out on the ash moss with the fan power of 30W and 35W respectively, no obvious ash moss trace appears in the second collecting area;
after the ear branch erythrotooth moss is sequentially operated for two times with the fan power of 28W and 35W respectively, no obvious ear branch erythrotooth moss trace appears in the second collecting area;
no visible indication of hairiness in the second collection area was seen after three successive operations with fan powers of 20W, 25W and 30W, respectively.
In another set of experiments, when operating directly with 35W fan power, it was found that there was still a clear moss trace in both the second collection area; it is effective to employ a method of gradually increasing the fan power from small to large in the present embodiment.
Claims (2)
1. A divide sieve device for separating moss and soil which characterized in that: comprises a base (1); a bracket (2) is arranged on the base (1) along the vertical direction; a screen disc (3) is arranged at the top of the bracket (2); a vibrating motor (4) is arranged on the screen disc (3), and a reducing funnel (5) is also arranged at the lower end of the screen disc (3); a collecting tank (6) is also arranged on the base (1); the opening of the collecting tank (6) is opposite to the lower discharge end of the reducing funnel (5); an air supply device (7) is arranged on the bracket (2), and the air outlet end of the air supply device (7) is arranged at a position between the collecting tank (6) and the reducing funnel (5); the vibration motor (4) and the air supply device (7) are powered by an external power supply; the bracket (2) comprises an outer ring supporting frame (2A) and an inner ring supporting frame (2B); the outer ring supporting frame (2A) is installed along the outer side wall of the screen disc (3); the inner ring supporting frame (2B) is arranged below the reducing hopper (5); the air supply device (7) is arranged at the side part of the inner ring support frame (2B); the upper top of the outer ring support frame (2A) is a ring structure matched with the side wall of the screen disc (3), and the screen disc (3) is detachably arranged on the outer ring support frame (2A); the inner ring supporting frame (2B) is of an inverted barrel-shaped structure; the lower bottom of the barrel-shaped structure is arranged on the base (1), and a through hole matched with the outer side wall of the middle part of the reducing funnel (5) in size is also formed in the upper top of the barrel-shaped structure; the reducing funnel (5) is arranged on the inner ring support frame (2B) through the through hole; an air supply device (7) and a corresponding diversion vent hole are respectively arranged on the side wall of the inner ring support frame (2B); a vibration reduction ring pad is also arranged at the joint of the inner ring support frame (2B) and the reducing funnel (5); the diversion vent hole is arranged on the side end face of the bottom of the inner ring support frame (2B); the discharging end at the lower bottom of the reducing funnel (5) is in a flat duckbill structure; the air outlet end of the air supply device (7) is arranged in parallel with the duckbill structure; the tank opening of the collecting tank (6) is of a square structure; the size of the air outlet end on the air supply device (7) and the tank opening on the collecting tank (6) are not smaller than the length of the duckbill structure of the discharge end on the reducing funnel (5); the collecting tank (6) is detachably arranged on the base (1), and the inner cavity of the collecting tank (6) is divided into a first collecting area (6A) and a second collecting area (6B) through a separation plate; wherein the first collecting area (6A) is arranged right below the reducing funnel (5), and the second collecting area (6B) is arranged at one side far away from the air supply device (7); the upper part of the collecting tank (6) is of an inclined plane structure; the side of the inclined surface structure, which is close to the air supply device (7), is higher, and the side, which is far away from the air supply device, is lower; the using method of the screening device comprises the following steps:
s1, connecting all the components and confirming that the functions of all the components are normal;
s2, placing a soil sample to be treated into a screen disc (3); adjusting the power of the air supply device (7);
s3, sequentially opening a switch of the air supply device (7) and the vibration motor (4); then, under the action of the vibrating motor (4), the soil in the screen disc (3) can be sprayed downwards along with the duckbill discharge end of the moss along the reducing hopper (5), at the moment, the moss with lighter mass is separated from the soil with heavier mass by the air supply device (7), the moss is blown away from the tank opening of the lower collecting tank (6), and the soil correspondingly falls into the collecting tank (6);
s4, closing the vibration motor (4) and the air supply device (7); removing the collecting tank (6) from the base, pouring out the soil in the first collecting area (6A) and the second collecting area (6B) respectively, and after observation, putting all the soil into the sieve tray (3) again if a large amount of obvious moss remains in the soil in the first collecting area (6A) and the second collecting area (6B), and increasing the power of the air supply device (7), and entering the step S3; if no significant moss is present in the soil in the first collection area (6A) and a significant amount of moss remains in the soil in the second collection area (6B), the soil obtained from the second collection area (6B) is re-placed in the sieve tray (3) and step S3 is entered;
s5, storing the soil until no obvious moss exists in the soil of the first collecting area (6A) and the soil of the second collecting area (6B) so as to finish the separation operation, and meanwhile, cleaning the scattered moss between the collecting tank and the inner ring supporting frame.
2. A screening apparatus for separating moss from soil according to claim 1, wherein: the air supply device (7) is a fan structure with adjustable power.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010657027.3A CN111659619B (en) | 2020-07-09 | 2020-07-09 | Screening device for separating moss from soil and application method of screening device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010657027.3A CN111659619B (en) | 2020-07-09 | 2020-07-09 | Screening device for separating moss from soil and application method of screening device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111659619A CN111659619A (en) | 2020-09-15 |
| CN111659619B true CN111659619B (en) | 2023-11-21 |
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| CN202010657027.3A Active CN111659619B (en) | 2020-07-09 | 2020-07-09 | Screening device for separating moss from soil and application method of screening device |
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| CN112881062B (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-12-28 | 中山大学 | Aquatic organism crust sampling method |
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| DE102005045591A1 (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2007-03-29 | Polysius Ag | Raw material e.g. granular material, separating device for use in grinding plant, has static separator with aeration base through which gas flows, where base is arranged in vertical direction and has specific ratio of breadth to height |
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| BE838301A (en) * | 1975-02-27 | 1976-05-28 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FRACTIONING GARBAGE | |
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