CN111659232A - VOCs exhaust-gas treatment system - Google Patents
VOCs exhaust-gas treatment system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a VOCs waste gas treatment system, which comprises a water curtain spray tower, an atomization spray tower, a gas-liquid separator, a plasma generation device and an infrared heating device which are sequentially connected and communicated; the invention realizes that the removal rate of the VOCs waste gas can reach more than 90 percent at most, solves the problem that the existing waste gas treatment technology is difficult to meet the continuously improved emission standard requirement, and eliminates the emission pollution of the VOCs waste gas to the environment; the whole treatment process is simple and easy to operate, the treatment efficiency is high, the required equipment is few, the energy consumption of the equipment is low, the requirements of modern enterprises on energy conservation and emission reduction and production benefit improvement are well met, and the method has great significance for saving resources and reducing cost.
Description
The invention is a divisional application of Chinese patent application with application date of 2017, 6 and 21, application number of 2017104779475 and name of VOCs waste gas treatment method.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to a VOCs waste gas treatment system.
Background
In recent years, more serious air pollution events occur nationwide, which leads people to pay more and more attention to air quality, and meanwhile, various levels of governments and environmental protection departments develop a plurality of special policies aiming at the phenomenon, so that the waste gas treatment industry is developed vigorously. In the VOCs (volatile organic compounds) waste gas treatment industry, the activated carbon adsorption method with low technical content and high operation cost is adopted in the early stage and is developed slowly. After environmental protection standards are raised in various places, VOCs are required to be treated by enterprises which discharge VOCs but do not treat or do not reach the standard after treatment.
The existing VOCs waste gas treatment technology mainly comprises an adsorption method (spraying and activated carbon adsorption), a recovery method (condensation and spraying) and a direct removal method (low-temperature plasma, photocatalytic oxidation and concentrated combustion). Combustion methods, mainly including concentrated combustion, thermal combustion and catalytic combustion; the concentration combustion method is a method for directly combusting high-concentration VOCs by further concentrating most of components of organic waste gas and increasing the concentration of the VOCs; the thermal combustion is a method of mixing and then combusting fuels such as natural gas and the like with VOCs; catalytic combustion is a process for completely oxidizing VOCs at a relatively low temperature (250 ℃ to 450 ℃) by the action of a catalyst. An absorption (recovery) method, which mainly comprises solvent absorption, electrostatic adsorption and condensation recovery; the solvent absorption method utilizes the principle of similar intermiscibility, and VOCs are separated and reused after being absorbed by an organic solvent; condensing and recycling different components of VOCs with different boiling points, and cooling and recycling certain components; the electrostatic adsorption is mainly used for treating oily waste gas, and the electrostatic field is utilized to charge oil drops and then the charged oil drops are adsorbed and recovered. The adsorption method mainly adopts activated carbon adsorption, and the activated carbon mainly adsorbs particles or gas molecules through micropore adsorption and surface unbalanced van der waals force and chemical bond force, so that the aim of removing VOCs is fulfilled. Decomposition methods, mainly including photocatalysis, infrared absorption particle technology and low temperature plasma method; the photocatalysis is based on the principle that the photocatalyst has strong oxidizability under the irradiation of ultraviolet light, and the photocatalyst adsorbsOxidizing and decomposing VOCs gas molecules on the surface; low temperature plasma method utilizes energetic particles and radicals in the plasma to decompose VOCs into CO2And water. The traditional method has the problems of low removal rate (such as spraying, low-temperature plasma and activated carbon adsorption) of the waste gas difficult to treat, high operation cost (such as activated carbon adsorption, concentrated combustion and photocatalytic oxidation) and the like. For example, activated carbon adsorption, on one hand, the activated carbon adsorption equipment of many manufacturers is in long-term shutdown due to high operation cost and is only used during environmental protection inspection; on the other hand, activated carbon need handle according to dangerous chemicals after using, practicality greatly reduced, as traditional low temperature plasma processing technology again, it adopts power frequency high voltage power supply or direct current high voltage power supply, form such as through corona discharge gets rid of VOCs, however particle can't break some chemical bonds of major bond energy in its plasma that produces for it is underground to some VOCs clearance, is beaten into the micromolecule to the macromolecule even, and benzene class organic matter is handled back VOCs concentration and is 1-2 times than before handling on the contrary.
Therefore, it is an urgent technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art to provide an exhaust gas treatment technology for removing VOCs with high removal rate, high efficiency, low operation cost, simple process and wide applicability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of overcoming one or more defects in the prior art and providing a VOCs waste gas treatment system combining water curtain spraying treatment, atomization spraying treatment, gas-liquid separation treatment, plasma treatment and infrared absorption particle treatment to realize low-cost, high-efficiency and safe removal of VOCs, improve living environment and promote sustainable development of society.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme as follows:
the VOCs waste gas treatment method comprises the steps of water curtain spraying treatment, atomization spraying treatment, gas-liquid separation treatment, plasma treatment and infrared absorption particle treatment which are sequentially carried out.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the water curtain spraying treatment step, the VOCs waste gas is introduced from the bottom of the water curtain spraying tower, and flows out from the top after being sprayed by the water curtain, the water curtain spraying treatment method adopts annular spraying, and the annular spraying includes a plurality of spraying portions, and the plurality of spraying portions are spirally distributed in the water curtain spraying tower.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the atomized spray treatment step, the spray liquid comprises an aqueous liquid, and the aqueous liquid is atomized by an atomizer to form a layer of water film, wherein the water film is used for capturing fine particles in the waste gas of the VOCs, and the fine particles comprise paint particles, toluene and xylene.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the gas-liquid separation treatment step, the mist and/or liquid droplets in the VOCs off-gas are removed by a gas-liquid separator, which is operated at normal temperature and pressure.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the plasma treatment step, the VOCs waste gas treated in the gas-liquid separation treatment step passes through the plasma generation electrode in a direction parallel to an electric field of the plasma generation electrode of the plasma generation device, so that an overall electrically neutral plasma including electrons, positive ions, neutral particles, and radicals is generated in the VOCs waste gas; and charging the surface of dust particles in the VOCs exhaust gas; the plasma reacts with oxygen molecules and water molecules in the VOCs waste gas to generate H, O, OH and O with strong oxidizing property3The active particles, VOCs in the VOCs waste gas generate gaseous carbon dioxide and water under the action of the active particles.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the plasma generating electrode includes a set of high voltage electrodes and a set of ground electrodes, the high voltage electrodes and the ground electrodes are both coated with an insulating medium, and the high voltage electrodes and the ground electrodes are both arranged in a linear shape; the high-voltage electrode is connected with a high-voltage power supply, and the high-voltage power supply is one or a combination of a positive polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply, a positive polarity pulse high-voltage power supply or a positive polarity direct-current superposed alternating-current high-voltage power supply.
In some embodiments of the invention, in the infrared absorbing particulate treatment step, the waste gas of VOCs treated in the plasma treatment step is heated by an infrared heating device, so that the VOCs in the waste gas absorb infrared energy and further react with plasma remaining in the gas stream and decompose to form carbon dioxide and water; the infrared heating device comprises an infrared emitter, a gas containing cavity and infrared absorption particles distributed on the inner wall of the gas containing cavity, wherein a plurality of stand columns are arranged in the gas containing cavity, airflow is enabled to flow in a snake shape through the stand columns, and the infrared emitter outputs infrared light with the wavelength of 760 and 850 nm.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the method for treating the waste gas containing VOCs employs the following treatment systems:
the treatment system comprises a water curtain spray tower, an atomization spray tower, a gas-liquid separator, a plasma generation device and an infrared heating device which are sequentially connected and communicated;
the water curtain spray tower comprises a plurality of spraying parts, and the plurality of spraying parts are spirally distributed in the water curtain spray tower; the atomization spray tower comprises an atomizer and spray liquid, and the spray liquid forms layered film-shaped fog drops through the atomizer;
the plasma generating device comprises a plasma generating electrode and a high-voltage power supply, wherein the plasma generating electrode comprises a group of high-voltage electrodes and a group of grounding electrodes, the high-voltage electrodes and the grounding electrodes are both coated with insulating media, and the high-voltage electrodes and the grounding electrodes are both arranged in a linear mode; the high-voltage electrode is connected with the high-voltage power supply, and the high-voltage power supply is one or a combination of a positive polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply, a positive polarity pulse high-voltage power supply or a positive polarity direct-current superposed alternating-current high-voltage power supply;
the infrared heating device comprises an infrared emitter, a gas containing cavity and infrared absorption particles distributed in the gas containing cavity, wherein a plurality of stand columns are arranged in the gas containing cavity, airflow is enabled to flow in a snake shape through the stand columns, and the infrared emitter outputs infrared light with the wavelength of 760 and 850 nm.
Further, the plasma generating device also comprises a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor, wherein the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are used for monitoring the pressure and the temperature in the plasma generating device in real time.
In the invention, the total removal rate of VOCs in the waste gas treated by the VOCs waste gas treatment method is more than or equal to 75%, wherein: carrying out dry-mass cultivation on the seeds at a speed of less than or equal to 17 mg/m; carrying out Toluene cultivation at a speed of less than or equal to 60 mg/m; and (5) carrying out xylene up to 90 mg/m.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention organically combines the steps of water curtain spraying treatment, atomization spraying treatment, gas-liquid separation treatment, plasma treatment and infrared absorption particle treatment, so that the steps are mutually cooperated to realize standard emission of VOCs, and the invention has the advantages of simple treatment process, low operation cost, wide applicability and high VOCs removal rate.
2. The invention solves the problem of low removal rate of the waste gas difficult to decompose in the traditional low-temperature plasma technology, and the flow direction of the VOCs waste gas is set to be parallel to the electric field direction of the plasma generating electrode of the plasma generating device, so that the reduction of the plasma processing effect caused by overlarge or undersize flow rate of the waste gas is overcome, the contact time and the contact area of the waste gas and the plasma are increased, and the high-efficiency utilization of the plasma is realized.
3. The invention adopts a unique infrared absorption particle treatment step and a plasma treatment step, realizes high removal rate of VOCs waste gas, has simple device, low cost and low energy consumption, meets the practical requirement and is suitable for large-area popularization.
4. The VOCs waste gas treatment system has the advantages of low investment, low operation and maintenance cost, small equipment floor area and high treatment efficiency, and can realize high-efficiency deodorization and peculiar smell removal, the treated waste gas can completely meet the specific technical index requirements of various environmental protection departments, and meanwhile, the deflagration caused by safety accidents such as rapid increase of VOCs concentration in a short time due to exhaust faults or other reasons and the like is avoided by additionally arranging temperature control and pressure control, the deflagration is prevented from spreading to workshops to cause injury and death of workers, and the safety performance is greatly improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating the processing steps of the VOCs treatment system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a VOCs treatment system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a plasma generator according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an infrared heating device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution and the advantages thereof will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The sampling analysis is carried out on the VOCs waste gas of a certain factory, and the specific properties are as follows:
wherein, in the exhaust gas: carrying out dry bottom row cultivation on the root, 106.3 mg/m; carrying out Toluene 287.5 mg/m; dilute ethanol 627.5 mg/m.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the present embodiment provides a method for treating VOCs waste gas, comprising the steps of:
1) water curtain spray treatment
Introducing VOCs waste gas from the bottom of a water curtain spray tower 1, spraying the waste gas through a water curtain and then flowing out from the upper part, wherein the water curtain spray treatment mode adopts annular spray, the annular spray comprises a plurality of spray parts 11, and the plurality of spray parts 11 are spirally distributed in the water curtain spray tower 1;
2) atomized spray treatment
The spraying liquid comprises water liquid, the water liquid is atomized through an atomizer 21 to form a layer of water film, the water film is used for capturing fine particles in VOCs waste gas, and the fine particles comprise paint particles, toluene and xylene;
3) gas-liquid separation treatment
Removing fog drops and/or liquid drops in the VOCs waste gas through a gas-liquid separator 3, wherein the gas-liquid separator 3 is operated at normal temperature and normal pressure;
4) plasma treatment
Passing the VOCs waste gas treated by the gas-liquid separation treatment step through a plasma generating electrode of a plasma generating device 4 along an electric field direction parallel to the plasma generating electrode, so that plasma which is electrically neutral and comprises electrons, positive ions, neutral particles and free radicals is generated in the VOCs waste gas; and charging the surface of dust particles in the VOCs exhaust gas; the plasma reacts with oxygen molecules and water molecules in the VOCs waste gas to generate H, O, OH and O with strong oxidizing property3The VOCs in the VOCs waste gas generate gaseous carbon dioxide and water under the action of the active particles; the plasma generating electrode comprises a group of high-voltage electrodes 42 and a group of grounding electrodes 43, the high-voltage electrodes 42 and the grounding electrodes 43 are both coated with insulating media 41, and the high-voltage electrodes 42 and the grounding electrodes 43 are both arranged in a linear mode; the high-voltage electrode 42 is connected with a high-voltage power supply 46, and the high-voltage power supply 46 is one or a combination of a positive polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply, a positive polarity pulse high-voltage power supply or a positive polarity direct-current superposed alternating-current high-voltage power supply;
in the embodiment, the direction of the electric field of the plasma is set to be consistent with the direction of the VOCs airflow, so that the contact time and the contact area of the VOCs airflow and the plasma beam are increased, the plasma beam is utilized to the maximum extent, and further, the energy conservation, the consumption reduction and the cost saving can be realized.
5) Infrared absorbing particulate treatment
Heating the VOCs waste gas treated by the plasma treatment step by an infrared heating device 5, so that VOCs in the waste gas absorb infrared energy and further react with plasma remained in the gas flow, and are decomposed to form carbon dioxide and water; the infrared heating device 5 comprises an infrared emitter, a gas accommodating cavity 53 and infrared absorption particles 52 distributed in the gas accommodating cavity 53, wherein a plurality of upright posts 51 are arranged in the gas accommodating cavity 53, airflow is enabled to flow in a snake shape through the upright posts 51, and the infrared emitter outputs infrared light with the wavelength of 800 nm;
the final exhaust gas is discharged via a stack 6.
Meanwhile, the treatment method of the VOCs waste gas of the embodiment adopts the following treatment system for treatment:
the treatment system comprises a water curtain spray tower 1, an atomization spray tower 2, a gas-liquid separator 3, a plasma generation device 4 and an infrared heating device 5 which are sequentially connected and communicated;
the water curtain spray tower 1 comprises a plurality of spraying parts 11, and the plurality of spraying parts 11 are spirally distributed in the water curtain spray tower 1; the atomization spray tower 2 comprises an atomizer 21 and spray liquid, and the spray liquid forms film-shaped fogdrops layer by layer through the atomizer 21;
the plasma generating device 4 comprises a plasma generating electrode and a high-voltage power supply, the plasma generating electrode comprises a group of high-voltage electrodes 42 and a group of grounding electrodes 43, the high-voltage electrodes 42 and the grounding electrodes 43 are both coated with insulating media 41, and the high-voltage electrodes 42 and the grounding electrodes 43 are both arranged in a linear shape; the high-voltage electrode 42 is connected with the high-voltage power supply 46, and the high-voltage power supply 46 is one or a combination of a positive-polarity direct-current high-voltage power supply, a positive-polarity pulse high-voltage power supply or a positive-polarity direct-current superposed alternating-current high-voltage power supply;
the infrared heating device 5 comprises an infrared emitter (not shown), a gas containing cavity 53 and infrared absorption particles 52 distributed in the gas containing cavity 53, wherein a plurality of upright posts 51 are arranged in the gas containing cavity 53, the upright posts 51 enable airflow to flow in a snake shape, and the output wavelength of the infrared emitter is 800nm infrared light.
Further, the plasma generating device 4 further comprises a pressure sensor 45 and a temperature sensor 44, wherein the pressure sensor 45 and the temperature sensor 44 are used for monitoring the pressure and the temperature in the plasma generating device 4 in real time.
The whole set of VOCs waste gas treatment process is to initially capture large-particle dust by spraying water curtain; then, fine particles (paint particles, toluene, xylene and the like) in the waste gas are captured by water in a dust remover through a layer of water film formed by atomizing spray liquid in the atomizing spray tower 2 through the atomizer 21, pass through a water curtain and enter a gas-water channel, so that part of organic VOCs gas and particles after atomization and absorption enter a sewage system through spraying, and the VOCs removal efficiency can reach about 15 percent through the step; the temperature sensor 44 and the pressure sensor 45 are arranged to avoid explosion and explosion caused by safety accidents such as rapid increase of the concentration of VOCs in a short time caused by exhaust faults or other reasons; the gas-liquid separation treatment is used as a pretreatment process of the plasma treatment, so that most of water vapor and the like caused by spraying can be removed, and the plasma treatment efficiency is prevented from being influenced; the plasma technology and the infrared absorption particle technology decompose the residual VOCs gas molecules into CO2And H2The highest decomposition rate of total VOCs gas can reach more than 90 percent, and the tail gas has no peculiar smell or stink of the common treatment method.
The total removal rate of VOCs in the exhaust gas treated by the VOCs exhaust gas treatment method of the embodiment is 92%, wherein: carrying out ethanol distillation at a ratio of 8.5 mg/m; carrying out toluene cultivation at 23.0 mg/m; hexarene 50.2 mg/m.
From the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the removal rate of the VOCs waste gas can reach more than 90 percent at most, the problem that the existing waste gas treatment technology is difficult to meet the continuously improved emission standard requirement is solved, and the emission pollution of the VOCs waste gas to the environment is thoroughly eliminated; the whole treatment process is simple and easy to operate, the treatment efficiency is high, the required equipment is few, the energy consumption of the equipment is low, the requirements of modern enterprises on energy conservation and emission reduction and production benefit improvement are well met, and the method has great significance for saving resources and reducing cost.
Comparative example 1
The general process flow of the low-temperature plasma treatment technology is as follows: water curtain spray → low temperature plasma treatment → water spray → discharge
And (3) processing results: the total removal of VOCs was 50%, wherein in the exhaust gas: carrying out dry bulb harvest with the benzene content of 53.1 mg/m; carrying out high yield and high yield cultivation on the seeds with the toluene content of 143.3 mg/m; the xylene content was 313.8 mg/m.
Comparative example No. two
This example is substantially the same as example 1 except that the plasma treatment in this example employs low temperature plasma treatment and does not include infrared absorbing particulate treatment.
The process flow is as follows: water curtain spray → atomization spray → gas-liquid separation → low temperature plasma treatment → discharge
And (3) processing results: the total removal rate of VOCs in the waste gas is 60%, wherein: carrying out dry bulb harvest with the benzene content of 42.5 mg/m; carrying out high-yield high; the xylene content is 251.0 mg/m.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the invention, and not to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A VOCs waste gas treatment system is characterized by comprising a water curtain spray tower, an atomization spray tower, a gas-liquid separator, a plasma generation device and an infrared heating device which are sequentially connected and communicated;
the water curtain spray tower comprises a plurality of spraying parts, and the plurality of spraying parts are spirally distributed in the water curtain spray tower;
the atomization spray tower comprises an atomizer and spray liquid, wherein the spray liquid forms film-shaped fog drops through the atomizer, the film-shaped fog drops are used for capturing fine particles in VOCs waste gas, and the fine particles comprise paint particles, methylbenzene and dimethylbenzene;
the plasma generating device comprises a plasma generating electrode and a high-voltage power supply, wherein the plasma generating electrode comprises a group of high-voltage electrodes and a group of grounding electrodes, the high-voltage electrodes and the grounding electrodes are both coated with insulating media, and the high-voltage electrodes and the grounding electrodes are both arranged in a linear mode; wherein, will passThe VOCs waste gas treated by the gas-liquid separator passes through the plasma generating electrode along the direction parallel to the electric field direction of the plasma generating electrode of the plasma generating device, so that the VOCs waste gas generates plasma which is electrically neutral and comprises electrons, positive ions, neutral particles and free radicals; and charging the surface of dust particles in the VOCs exhaust gas; the plasma reacts with oxygen molecules and water molecules in the VOCs waste gas to generate H, O, OH and O with strong oxidizing property3The VOCs in the VOCs waste gas generate gaseous carbon dioxide and water under the action of the active particles;
infrared heating device includes infrared emitter, gaseous holding chamber to and distribute infrared absorption particle on the gaseous holding intracavity wall, gaseous holding intracavity is equipped with a plurality of stands, and is a plurality of the stand makes the air current be snakelike circulation, infrared heating device is used for the heating process the VOCs waste gas that plasma generating device handled to VOCs in the messenger waste gas absorbs infrared energy and remains plasma further effect in the air current, and decomposes and form carbon dioxide and water.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the water curtain spray tower is configured to introduce the VOCs into the water curtain spray tower from the bottom thereof, and to spray the VOCs through the water curtain and then to flow out from the top thereof.
3. A VOCs exhaust treatment system as in claim 1, wherein the spray comprises an aqueous liquid, and passing the aqueous liquid through the atomizer forms a stratified water film.
4. The VOCs waste gas treatment system of claim 1, wherein the gas-liquid separator operates at ambient temperature and pressure.
5. A VOCs exhaust treatment system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high voltage electrodes are connected to the high voltage power supply, the high voltage power supply being one or a combination of a positive polarity dc high voltage power supply, a positive polarity pulsed high voltage power supply, or a positive polarity dc superimposed ac high voltage power supply.
6. A VOCs exhaust treatment system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plasma generating device further comprises a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and temperature sensor being configured to monitor pressure and temperature within the plasma generating device in real time.
7. The VOCs exhaust treatment system of claim 1, wherein the infrared emitter outputs infrared light at 760 and 850 nm.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the total removal rate of VOCs from the exhaust gas treated by the system is 75% or greater, wherein: carrying out dry-mass cultivation on the seeds at a speed of less than or equal to 17 mg/m; carrying out Toluene cultivation at a speed of less than or equal to 60 mg/m; and (5) carrying out xylene up to 90 mg/m.
9. A VOCs emissions treatment system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a stack in communication with the infrared heating device.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN113144846A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-07-23 | 扬州绿泉环保工程技术有限公司 | VOCs incineration waste gas treatment device and treatment method |
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| CN109045968A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-12-21 | 四川锐源能环科技有限公司 | A kind of ultra-clean processing technique equipment of volatile organic waste gas |
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| CN107297127A (en) | 2017-10-27 |
| CN111659232B (en) | 2022-05-06 |
| CN107297127B (en) | 2020-06-19 |
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