CN111657230B - Broiler breeding illumination control method - Google Patents
Broiler breeding illumination control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111657230B CN111657230B CN202010578556.4A CN202010578556A CN111657230B CN 111657230 B CN111657230 B CN 111657230B CN 202010578556 A CN202010578556 A CN 202010578556A CN 111657230 B CN111657230 B CN 111657230B
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- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 171
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003307 slaughter Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 9
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 9
- 206010003445 Ascites Diseases 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000013330 chicken meat Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 244000144992 flock Species 0.000 description 7
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 206010042434 Sudden death Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000002612 cardiopulmonary effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000015580 Increased body weight Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012214 genetic breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004217 heart function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004199 lung function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037323 metabolic rate Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008733 trauma Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
- Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a broiler breeding illumination control method, which comprises the following steps: first-stage illumination control program: the illumination is changed into an intermittent illumination mode from 24 hours per day, and in the intermittent illumination mode, the illumination time and the illumination intensity are decreased gradually along with the increase of the day age; and a second stage illumination control program: a light and shade alternating type illumination program is adopted, and the illumination time is unchanged; third stage illumination control procedure: and gradually prolonging the illumination time until the broiler chickens are slaughtered. According to the broiler breeding illumination control method provided by the invention, refined illumination time and illumination intensity are set on the basis of carefully analyzing the growth and development rules of broilers, so that death caused by ascites and leg diseases can be effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of broiler breeding, in particular to a broiler breeding illumination control method.
Background
In the current white feather broiler breeding process, ascites syndrome, sudden death and leg diseases of chicken flocks form three diseases seriously harming the broiler industry, so that the mortality of the chicken flocks is increased, the slaughter rate and the slaughter quality of the broilers are reduced, and huge economic losses are brought to the broiler breeding industry. The occurrence of the three diseases is mostly related to the rapid weight increase speed of broilers in the early stage, particularly at the age of 3-6 weeks, the rapid weight increase leads to the increase of metabolic rate and the increase of oxygen demand, and the cardio-pulmonary function development and the weight of the broilers at the stage are asynchronous, so that the cardio-pulmonary function can not meet the development demand, and the broilers are lack of oxygen, thus causing ascites syndrome and sudden death; meanwhile, the development of bones lags behind the body weight and cannot support the rapidly increased body weight, resulting in the occurrence of leg diseases. Therefore, in order to solve the problems of white feather broilers, the genetic breeding and the feed nutrition are improved, and the weight acceleration of the white feather broilers can be adjusted through optimized feeding management, so that the synchronous development of the weight, the skeleton and the heart and lung functions is ensured, and the incidence rate of three diseases is reduced.
The existing method for controlling the breeding of the broiler chickens by intermittent illumination can reduce the occurrence of ascites syndrome, but can influence the production performance of chicken flocks.
Therefore, a new and more reasonable illumination control method needs to be established, so that the survival rate of the broiler chickens is improved, and the growth performance of the broiler chickens is fully exerted.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a broiler breeding illumination control method, which comprises the following steps:
first-stage illumination control program: the illumination is changed into an intermittent illumination mode from 24 hours per day, and in the intermittent illumination mode, the illumination time and the illumination intensity are decreased gradually along with the increase of the day age;
and a second stage illumination control program: a light and shade alternating type illumination program is adopted, and the illumination time is unchanged;
third stage illumination control procedure: and gradually prolonging the illumination time until the broiler chickens are slaughtered.
Wherein, the first stage is from birth to 6-8 days old, and the illumination intensity is between 5-60 Lux;
the second stage is from 6-8 days old to 6-8 days before slaughtering, and the illumination intensity is between 5-10 Lux;
the third stage is from 6-8 days before slaughtering to slaughtering, and the illumination intensity is 5-10 Lux.
Wherein, the illumination control program of the first stage comprises:
irradiating for 24 hours 1-3 days before birth, wherein the illumination intensity is 30-60 Lux;
after 2-3 days of birth, carrying out intermittent illumination, gradually reducing the illumination intensity from 30-60Lux to 5-10Lux, and gradually changing the illumination time light-dark ratio from 15: 1 to 1: 1.
wherein, the illumination control program of the first stage comprises:
2 days before birth, performing 24-hour illumination with illumination intensity of 30-60 Lux;
on the 3 rd day of birth, intermittent illumination is carried out, wherein the illumination mode is that 7.5 hours of illumination time and 0.5 hours of dark time are alternated, and the illumination intensity is between 30 and 60 Lux;
on day 4 of birth, the illumination mode is 7 hours of illumination time alternating with 1 hour of dark time, and the illumination intensity is between 30-60 Lux;
on day 5 of birth, the illumination mode is 6 hours of illumination time alternating with 2 hours of dark time, and the illumination intensity is between 20-30 Lux;
on the 6 th day of birth, the illumination mode is 5 hours of illumination time and 3 hours of dark time, and the illumination intensity is between 20 and 30 Lux;
on day 7 of birth, the light pattern was 4 hours of light time alternating with 4 hours of dark time, with light intensity between 5-10 Lux.
Wherein, the illumination control program of the second stage comprises: the light and shade alternative illumination program is adopted, and the illumination intensity is between 5 and 10 Lux.
Wherein, the illumination control program of the third stage comprises: 6-8 days before marketing, the light-to-dark ratio of the intermittent light mode in the light time gradually changes from 9: 7, transition to 3: 1, the illumination intensity is between 5 and 10 Lux.
In the illumination control program in the third stage, in each intermittent illumination mode, the sum of the light and dark durations is 8 hours.
Wherein, in 7 days before marketing, the illumination mode is that 4.5 hours of illumination time and 3.5 hours of dark time are alternated, and the illumination intensity is between 5 and 10 Lux;
6 days before marketing, the illumination mode is that 4.5 hours of illumination time and 3.5 hours of dark time are alternated, and the illumination intensity is between 5 and 10 Lux;
5 days before marketing, the illumination mode is that 5.5 hours of illumination time and 2.5 hours of dark time are alternated, and the illumination intensity is between 5 and 10 Lux;
4 days before marketing, the illumination mode is that 5.5 hours of illumination time and 2.5 hours of dark time are alternated, and the illumination intensity is between 5 and 10 Lux;
3 days before marketing, the illumination mode is that 6 hours of illumination time and 2 hours of dark time are alternated, and the illumination intensity is between 5 and 10 Lux;
2 days before marketing, the illumination mode is that 6 hours of illumination time and 2 hours of dark time are alternated, and the illumination intensity is between 5 and 10 Lux;
in the 1 day before marketing, the illumination mode is 6 hours of illumination time and 2 hours of dark time, and the illumination intensity is between 5 and 10 Lux.
According to the broiler breeding illumination control method provided by the invention, refined illumination time and illumination intensity are set on the basis of carefully analyzing the growth and development rules of broilers, so that death caused by ascites and leg diseases can be effectively reduced.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the technical solution and the advantages of the present invention, the following detailed description will be provided for the technical solution and the advantages thereof.
The invention aims to provide a method for breeding broiler chickens in a closed henhouse, which improves the survival rate of the broiler chickens and ensures the growth performance of chicken groups to be normally exerted by controlling the illumination time and the illumination intensity.
The specific steps of a preferred embodiment are as follows:
one, 1 week old illumination program
The volume of the stomach and the intestine of the chicks is small, and the illumination of 1-2 days old mainly meets the requirement of the chicks on eating. The illumination time is 24 hours, the illumination intensity is 30-60Lux, and the lowest part is not lower than 30Lux, so that the chickens are guaranteed to eat the chicken; at 3 days of age, intermittent illumination was started and was performed at 3-7 days of age. The specific light and shade durations and illumination intensities are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 13-7 days old illumination program and illumination intensity
Illumination program from 2 weeks old to 1 week before marketing
After 8 days of age, a 4-hour light and shade alternating type illumination program is adopted, the illumination intensity is 5-10Lux, the darkest part is not lower than 5Lux, and the requirements of chicken flocks on feeding and digestion are met.
Third, from 1 week before marketing to marketing
The lighting time is gradually prolonged, so that the feeding time of the chickens can be prolonged, and sudden death caused by too fast feeding is prevented; the illumination intensity is not increased so as to avoid the situation that the chickens fight over to cause the body surface trauma.
TABLE 2 day-old illumination program and illumination intensity from 1 week before and after the marketing
Fourthly, beneficial effects
The white feather broilers bred by the illumination program are compared with white feather broilers bred by the illumination programs corresponding to two groups of control groups, wherein the measured number of the broilers in each group is about 9000, and the varieties, feed nutrition, immune programs and the like of the white feather broilers are the same except for different illumination programs. The chicken breed standard is 2850g of the weight of 42 days, the feed meat ratio is 1.6: 1, the survival rate is 96 percent. The lighting program of the control group and the comparison of the results of the experimental group and the control group are shown in tables 3 and 4, respectively.
Table 3 control group illumination program
The chickens were slaughtered at 42 days of age, and the weight, feed conversion ratio and survival rate at 42 days of age were compared, and the results are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 comparison of results from experimental and control groups
Note: the representation with different letters differed significantly (p <0.05), the representation with the same letters did not differ significantly (p >0.05)
TABLE 5 reason analysis of dead chickens in the test group and the control group
From tables 4 and 5, it can be seen that: the group weight of the chicken in the control group 1 is obviously lower than that of the experimental group (p is less than 0.05), but the survival rate is slightly lower than that of the experimental group, and the main reason is that the chicken in the later period of cultivation is greatly stressed by illumination, so sudden death is easily caused; compared with the control group 2, the experimental group had slightly lower productivity but insignificant difference (p >0.05), and the survival rate of the control group 2 was lower than that of the experimental group, probably because the control group 2 received light for a longer time and the body weight developed faster than the viscera and bones, and thus, ascites, sudden death and leg diseases resulted in higher death than the experimental group.
In conclusion, the adoption of the illumination program of the invention can effectively improve the survival rate of the chicken flocks.
The broiler breeding illumination control method provided by the invention is particularly suitable for breeding white feather broilers.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. on the basis of carefully analyzing the growth and development rules of the broilers, a refined culture mode with light time and light intensity is established, and death caused by ascites and leg diseases is reduced.
2. The illumination time and the illumination intensity are fixed in the growth period, so that the stress of the illumination change of the chicken flocks can be reduced, and the stress death is reduced.
3. The intermittent illumination can not only ensure the growth performance of chicken flocks, but also save energy and reduce the breeding cost.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A broiler breeding illumination control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first stage is from birth to 6-8 days old, and the illumination control program comprises the following steps: the illumination is changed into an intermittent illumination mode from 24 hours per day, and in the intermittent illumination mode, the illumination time and the illumination intensity are decreased gradually along with the increase of the day age;
the second stage is from 6-8 days old to 6-8 days before slaughtering, and the illumination control program comprises the following steps: a light and shade alternating type illumination program is adopted, and the illumination time is unchanged;
the third stage is from 6-8 days before marketing to marketing, and the illumination control program is as follows: and gradually prolonging the illumination time until the broiler chickens are slaughtered.
2. The broiler chicken breeding illumination control method of claim 1, characterized in that:
the first stage illumination intensity is between 5 and 60 Lux;
the illumination intensity of the second stage is between 5 and 10 Lux;
the illumination intensity of the third stage is between 5 and 10 Lux.
3. The broiler breeding illumination control method of claim 2, characterized in that:
the illumination control program of the first stage includes:
irradiating for 24 hours 1-3 days before birth, wherein the illumination intensity is 30-60 Lux;
after 2-3 days of birth, carrying out intermittent illumination, gradually reducing the illumination intensity from 30-60Lux to 5-10Lux, and gradually changing the illumination time light-dark ratio from 15: 1 to 1: 1.
4. the broiler breeding illumination control method of claim 3, characterized in that:
the illumination control program of the first stage includes:
2 days before birth, performing 24-hour illumination with illumination intensity of 30-60 Lux;
on the 3 rd day of birth, intermittent illumination is carried out, wherein the illumination mode is that 7.5 hours of illumination time and 0.5 hours of dark time are alternated, and the illumination intensity is between 30 and 60 Lux;
on day 4 of birth, the illumination mode is 7 hours of illumination time alternating with 1 hour of dark time, and the illumination intensity is between 30-60 Lux;
on day 5 of birth, the illumination mode is 6 hours of illumination time alternating with 2 hours of dark time, and the illumination intensity is between 20-30 Lux;
on the 6 th day of birth, the illumination mode is 5 hours of illumination time and 3 hours of dark time, and the illumination intensity is between 20 and 30 Lux;
on day 7 of birth, the light pattern was 4 hours of light time alternating with 4 hours of dark time, with light intensity between 5-10 Lux.
5. The broiler breeding illumination control method of claim 2, characterized in that: the illumination control program of the second stage comprises: the light and shade alternative illumination program is adopted, and the illumination intensity is between 5 and 10 Lux.
6. The broiler breeding illumination control method of claim 2, characterized in that:
the lighting control procedure of the third stage comprises: 6-8 days before marketing, the light-to-dark ratio of the intermittent light mode in the light time gradually changes from 9: 7, transition to 3: 1, the illumination intensity is between 5 and 10 Lux.
7. The broiler chicken breeding illumination control method of claim 6, characterized in that:
in the illumination control program of the third stage, in each intermittent illumination mode, the sum of the light and dark durations is 8 hours.
8. The broiler breeding illumination control method of claim 7, characterized in that:
in 7 days before marketing, the illumination mode is that 4.5 hours of illumination time and 3.5 hours of dark time are alternated, and the illumination intensity is between 5 and 10 Lux;
6 days before marketing, the illumination mode is that 4.5 hours of illumination time and 3.5 hours of dark time are alternated, and the illumination intensity is between 5 and 10 Lux;
5 days before marketing, the illumination mode is that 5.5 hours of illumination time and 2.5 hours of dark time are alternated, and the illumination intensity is between 5 and 10 Lux;
4 days before marketing, the illumination mode is that 5.5 hours of illumination time and 2.5 hours of dark time are alternated, and the illumination intensity is between 5 and 10 Lux;
3 days before marketing, the illumination mode is that 6 hours of illumination time and 2 hours of dark time are alternated, and the illumination intensity is between 5 and 10 Lux;
2 days before marketing, the illumination mode is that 6 hours of illumination time and 2 hours of dark time are alternated, and the illumination intensity is between 5 and 10 Lux;
in the 1 day before marketing, the illumination mode is 6 hours of illumination time and 2 hours of dark time, and the illumination intensity is between 5 and 10 Lux.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015192654A (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2015-11-05 | 山梨県 | Method of adjusting chicken oviposition by light irradiation |
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| CN108142357A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-06-12 | 山东凯加食品股份有限公司 | A kind of broiler feeding method |
| KR101886641B1 (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-08-08 | 노기중 | Method for Producing Hybridized Species of Crucian Carp and Carp |
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| AU1945683A (en) * | 1982-08-09 | 1984-03-07 | M. Schonberg | Method for improving animal husbandry |
| CN101977462B (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2013-05-01 | 杭州汉徽光电科技有限公司 | LED light source control system for intelligent broiler breeding |
| CN102379366B (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2013-03-20 | 滨州市正元畜牧发展有限公司 | Antibiotic-free culture method of combined application of beneficial bacteria and biological isolation |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015192654A (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2015-11-05 | 山梨県 | Method of adjusting chicken oviposition by light irradiation |
| CN106879540A (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2017-06-23 | 广西陆川县润润养殖有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of broiler chicken |
| CN108142357A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-06-12 | 山东凯加食品股份有限公司 | A kind of broiler feeding method |
| CN108260562B (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2021-03-30 | 湖北省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Precise broiler chicken feeding method |
| KR101886641B1 (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-08-08 | 노기중 | Method for Producing Hybridized Species of Crucian Carp and Carp |
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| Title |
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