CN111653870B - Circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna - Google Patents
Circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN111653870B CN111653870B CN202010641785.6A CN202010641785A CN111653870B CN 111653870 B CN111653870 B CN 111653870B CN 202010641785 A CN202010641785 A CN 202010641785A CN 111653870 B CN111653870 B CN 111653870B
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- vibrator
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- microstrip balun
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/06—Details
- H01Q9/065—Microstrip dipole antennas
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Abstract
The invention discloses a circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna, which comprises: a substrate and a microstrip balun dipole; the four identical deformed microstrip balun dipoles sequentially rotate and are fed in phase with equal amplitude, and the four identical deformed microstrip balun dipoles are printed on the substrate; each deformed microstrip balun dipole consists of a microstrip balun, a printed vibrator and a thin column vibrator; the printed vibrator and the thin column vibrator are correspondingly connected with two balance ends of the microstrip balun respectively; the printed vibrator and the microstrip balun are laid on the substrate, and the tail end of the thin column vibrator is perpendicular to the substrate and is fixedly connected with the substrate. The invention adopts the combination of the thin column oscillator welded perpendicular to the substrate and the printed oscillator on the substrate to form the dipole to realize the circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna, thereby not only having simple process, being convenient for the installation of each component of the antenna and having low economic cost, but also having high antenna gain and stronger capability of transmitting and receiving high-frequency oscillation signals because the oscillator of the antenna is not shielded by redundant connecting pieces.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antenna circular polarization, in particular to a circular polarization omnidirectional antenna.
Background
The circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna is a special form of omnidirectional antenna, and is usually obtained by combining a plurality of directional circularly polarized units into a circular array and feeding the circular array in equal amplitude and in phase, or by combining a plurality of linearly polarized omnidirectional units which radiate horizontal and vertical components simultaneously into a circular array. The 'compact omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna' in the thesis of Zhangsheng adopts a bent oscillator on a microstrip balun and a 'square cylinder' printed board, and the 'broadband circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna based on an inclined oscillator' (CN201410301418.6) adopts inclined oscillators on the microstrip balun and a 'cylinder' printed board, so that the circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna is realized, but the connection between the microstrip balun and the oscillator and the installation of the 'square cylinder' and the 'cylinder' printed board and the printed board where the microstrip balun is positioned are inconvenient, the realization process is complex, the reliability of the antenna structure is not high, and the antenna performance is easily influenced by a connecting piece.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna, which at least partially solves the above technical problems, and has a simple structure and a simple process, and is convenient for installation of components of each part.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna comprising: a substrate and a microstrip balun dipole; the four identical deformed microstrip balun dipoles sequentially rotate and feed in phase with equal amplitude, and are printed on the substrate; each deformed microstrip balun dipole consists of a microstrip balun, a printed vibrator and a thin column vibrator;
the printed vibrator and the thin column vibrator are correspondingly connected with two balance ends of the microstrip balun respectively; the printed vibrator and the microstrip balun are laid on the substrate, and the tail end of the thin column vibrator is perpendicular to the substrate and is fixedly connected with the substrate.
As a further improvement of the above scheme:
preferably, the ends of the pillar vibrators are perpendicular to the front or back surface of the substrate.
Preferably, the ground plate and the printed vibrator of the microstrip balun are positioned on the top layer of the substrate, and the feed strip line of the microstrip balun is positioned on the bottom layer of the printed board.
Preferably, the ground plate of the microstrip balun is a rectangular copper foil, and the rectangular copper foil is provided with a single-side opening slot; the tail ends of the two parts of copper foils at the opening form two balance ends of the microstrip balun.
Preferably, the thin column vibrator is made of silver-plated copper wires.
Preferably, the center frequency of the antenna is 7.9 GHz.
Preferably, the substrate is a polytetrafluoroethylene glass cloth laminated plate with a dielectric constant of 2.75 and a thickness of 1 mm.
Preferably, the rotation radius of the microstrip balun dipole is 10mm, and the length of the printed oscillator is 7mm and the width of the printed oscillator is 2 mm.
Preferably, the length of the thin column vibrator is 8mm, and the diameter of the thin column vibrator is 1 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the embodiment of the invention provides a circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna, which comprises: a substrate and a microstrip balun dipole; the four identical deformed microstrip balun dipoles sequentially rotate and are fed in phase with equal amplitude, and the four identical deformed microstrip balun dipoles are printed on the substrate; each deformed microstrip balun dipole consists of a microstrip balun, a printed vibrator and a thin column vibrator; the printed vibrator and the thin column vibrator are correspondingly connected with two balance ends of the microstrip balun respectively; the printed vibrator and the microstrip balun are laid on the substrate, and the tail end of the thin column vibrator is perpendicular to the substrate and is fixedly connected with the substrate. The invention adopts the combination of the thin column oscillator welded perpendicular to the substrate and the printed oscillator on the substrate to form the dipole to realize the circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna, which has the advantages of simple process, convenient installation of each component of the antenna, low economic cost, high antenna gain and stronger capability of transmitting and receiving high-frequency oscillation signals, and the antenna oscillator can not be shielded by redundant connecting pieces.
Furthermore, the rotation direction of circular polarization can be changed by changing the vertical direction of the thin column oscillator on the substrate.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
In order to more clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna provided in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a single deformed microstrip balun dipole structure provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a gain pattern of an omnidirectional surface of a circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an axial ratio directional diagram of an omnidirectional surface of a circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna provided by the present invention;
in the drawings: 1-microstrip balun dipole, 2-microstrip balun, 3-printed vibrator and 4-fine column vibrator.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna, which is a right-hand circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna, including: a substrate and a microstrip balun dipole 1; the four identical deformed microstrip balun dipoles 1 are sequentially rotated and fed in phase with equal amplitude, and are printed on the substrate; each deformed microstrip balun dipole 1 consists of a microstrip balun 2, a printed vibrator 3 and a thin column vibrator 4.
The printed vibrator 3 and the thin column vibrator 4 are correspondingly connected with two balance ends of the microstrip balun 2 respectively, the printed vibrator 3 and the microstrip balun 2 are laid on the substrate, and the tail end of the thin column vibrator 4 is perpendicular to the front face of the substrate and is fixedly connected. The thin column oscillator 4 is fixed on the front surface of the substrate to receive the right-hand circularly polarized wave of the antenna, the antenna oscillator is not influenced by redundant connecting pieces, and the oscillator is favorable for transmitting and receiving high-frequency oscillation signals; in addition, each part of the circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna is simple and convenient to mount, low in economic cost and suitable for popularization and use.
As shown in fig. 2, the ground plane of the microstrip balun 2 and the printed vibrator 3 are located on the top layer of the substrate, and the feed strip line of the microstrip balun 2 is located on the bottom layer of the substrate.
The grounding plate of the microstrip balun 2 is a rectangular copper foil, and a single-side opening gap is formed in the rectangular copper foil; the two ends of the copper foil at the opening form two balance ends of the microstrip balun 2. As shown in fig. 1, the substrate is cross-shaped, and two balance ends of the microstrip balun 2 are respectively a first balance end and a second balance end; as shown in fig. 2, where the printed transducer 3 is located at a first equilibrium end and the fine column transducer 4 is located at a second equilibrium end.
The adjustment matching can be realized by adjusting the width of the feed strip line of the microstrip balun 2.
The material of thin post oscillator 4 is silver-plated copper line, and thin post oscillator 4 can not sheltered from by unnecessary connecting piece, and antenna gain is high, and in addition, the oscillator generally chooses for use to be conductive metal, for avoiding the oscillator surface to take place the oxidation, influences the antenna performance, can scribble the non-metallic material of one deck outside the antenna oscillator, for example paint or plastic.
In a specific embodiment, the center frequency is 7.9GHz, the substrate is a polytetrafluoroethylene glass cloth laminated board with the dielectric constant of 2.75 and the thickness of 1mm, the rotating radius of the four deformed microstrip balun dipoles 1 is 10mm, the length of the printed vibrator is 7mm, the width of the printed vibrator is 2mm, and the length of the thin column vibrator is 8mm and the diameter of the thin column vibrator is 1 mm. The polytetrafluoroethylene glass cloth laminated board is suitable for high-frequency and high-temperature environments, has good insulating property, and can resist 1500-volt high-voltage electricity due to electric insulation.
Example 2:
the invention also provides a circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna, which is a left-handed circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna and is shown in fig. 1, and the circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna comprises: a substrate and a microstrip balun dipole 1; the four identical deformed microstrip balun dipoles 1 are sequentially rotated and fed in phase with equal amplitude, and are printed on the substrate; each deformed microstrip balun dipole 1 consists of a microstrip balun 2, a printed vibrator 3 and a thin column vibrator 4.
The printed vibrator 3 and the thin column vibrator 4 are correspondingly connected with two balance ends of the microstrip balun 2 respectively, the printed vibrator 3 and the microstrip balun 2 are laid on the substrate, and the tail end of the thin column vibrator 4 is perpendicular to the reverse side of the substrate and is fixedly connected. The thin column oscillator 4 is fixed on the reverse side of the substrate to receive the left-hand circularly polarized wave of the antenna, and the antenna oscillator is not influenced by redundant connecting pieces and is beneficial to the oscillator to transmit and receive high-frequency oscillation signals; in addition, each part assembly of the circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna is simple and convenient to install, low in economic cost and suitable for popularization and use.
The ground plate and the printed vibrator 3 of the microstrip balun 2 are positioned on the top layer of the substrate, and the feed strip line of the microstrip balun 2 is positioned on the bottom layer of the substrate.
The grounding plate of the microstrip balun 2 is a rectangular copper foil, and a single-side opening gap is formed in the rectangular copper foil; the two ends of the copper foil at the opening form two balance ends of the microstrip balun 2. As shown in fig. 1, the substrate is cross-shaped, and two balance ends of the microstrip balun 2 are respectively a first balance end and a second balance end; as shown in fig. 2, where the printed transducer 3 is located at a first equilibrium end and the fine column transducer 4 is located at a second equilibrium end.
The adjustment matching can be realized by adjusting the width of the feed strip line of the microstrip balun 2.
The material of thin post oscillator 4 is silver-plated copper line, and thin post oscillator 4 can not sheltered from by unnecessary connecting piece, and antenna gain is high, and in addition, the oscillator generally chooses for use to be conductive metal, for avoiding the oscillator surface to take place the oxidation, influences the antenna performance, can scribble the non-metallic material of one deck outside the antenna oscillator, for example paint or plastic.
In a specific embodiment, the center frequency is 7.9GHz, the substrate is a polytetrafluoroethylene glass cloth laminated board with the dielectric constant of 2.75 and the thickness of 1mm, the rotating radius of the four deformed microstrip balun dipoles 1 is 10mm, the length of the printed vibrator is 7mm, the width of the printed vibrator is 2mm, and the length of the thin column vibrator is 8mm and the diameter of the thin column vibrator is 1 mm. The polytetrafluoroethylene glass cloth laminated board is suitable for high-frequency and high-temperature environments, has good insulating property, and can resist 1500-volt high-voltage electricity due to electric insulation.
According to the two embodiments, the polarization mode of the antenna can be right-hand circular polarization or left-hand circular polarization by changing the mounting position of the thin column oscillator 4 on the front surface or the back surface of the substrate, and the gain and the axial ratio of the antenna are almost unchanged.
As shown in fig. 3, the gain pattern of the omnidirectional antenna plane is plotted with the abscissa representing azimuth and the ordinate representing gain, and it can be seen that the circularly polarized gain is about-0.4 dBi to 1.2dBi and the out-of-roundness is about 1.6 dB.
As shown in fig. 4, the axial ratio pattern of the omnidirectional surface of the antenna is shown, the abscissa represents the azimuth angle, and the ordinate represents the axial ratio, and it can be seen that the maximum axial ratio of the omnidirectional surface is about 1.9 dB.
When the welding direction of the thin column element 4 is changed, that is, the top end of the thin column element 4 in embodiment 2 is vertically welded on the substrate, so that the thin column element 4 is positioned below the substrate, the polarization of the antenna is changed into left-handed circular polarization, and other performances of the antenna are almost unchanged.
The circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna has the advantages of simple process, convenience in mounting of various parts of the antenna, low economic cost, no shielding of an antenna oscillator by redundant connecting pieces, high antenna gain and stronger capability of transmitting and receiving high-frequency oscillation signals; the rotation direction of circular polarization can be changed by changing the vertical direction of the thin column oscillator on the substrate.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (7)
1. A circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna, comprising: the method comprises the following steps: a substrate and a microstrip balun dipole (1); the four identical deformed microstrip balun dipoles (1) are sequentially rotated and fed in phase with equal amplitude, and are printed on the substrate; each deformed microstrip balun dipole (1) consists of a microstrip balun (2), a printed vibrator (3) and a pin vibrator (4);
the printed vibrator (3) and the thin column vibrator (4) are correspondingly connected with two balance ends of the microstrip balun (2) respectively; the printed vibrator (3) and the microstrip balun (2) are laid on the substrate, and the tail end of the thin column vibrator (4) is perpendicular to the substrate and is fixedly connected with the substrate;
the ground plate and the printed vibrator (3) of the microstrip balun (2) are positioned on the top layer of the substrate, and the feed strip line of the microstrip balun (2) is positioned on the bottom layer of the printed board;
the grounding plate of the microstrip balun (2) is a rectangular copper foil, and a single-side opening gap is formed in the rectangular copper foil; the tail ends of the two parts of copper foils at the opening form two balance ends of the microstrip balun (2).
2. The circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna of claim 1, wherein: the tail end of the thin column vibrator (4) is perpendicular to the front side or the back side of the substrate.
3. The circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna of claim 1, wherein: the thin column vibrator (4) is made of silver-plated copper wires.
4. The circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna of claim 1, wherein: the center frequency of the antenna is 7.9 GHz.
5. The circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna of claim 1, wherein: the substrate is a polytetrafluoroethylene glass cloth laminated board with the dielectric constant of 2.75 and the thickness of 1 mm.
6. The circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna of claim 1, wherein: the rotation radius of the microstrip balun dipole (1) is 10mm, and the length and the width of the printed vibrator (3) are 7mm and 2mm respectively.
7. The circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna of claim 6, wherein: the length of the thin column vibrator (4) is 8mm, and the diameter of the thin column vibrator is 1 mm.
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| CN202010641785.6A CN111653870B (en) | 2020-07-06 | 2020-07-06 | Circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna |
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| CN202010641785.6A CN111653870B (en) | 2020-07-06 | 2020-07-06 | Circularly polarized omnidirectional antenna |
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| CN111653870B true CN111653870B (en) | 2022-08-16 |
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| CN112909491B (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2022-09-13 | 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 | Be applied to on-vehicle glass antenna |
| CN114843751B (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2024-02-27 | 西安矩阵无线科技有限公司 | Broadband omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna |
| CN116031626B (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2023-05-30 | 长沙莫之比智能科技有限公司 | High-gain millimeter wave antenna |
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| US20080316138A1 (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2008-12-25 | X-Ether, Inc. | Balance-fed helical antenna |
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2020
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