CN111650584B - A method and equipment for detecting the grouting reinforcement effect behind the shield tunnel wall - Google Patents
A method and equipment for detecting the grouting reinforcement effect behind the shield tunnel wall Download PDFInfo
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
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- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种盾构隧道壁后注浆加固效果检测方法及设备，属于隧道工程的检测技术领域。所述检测方法包括：在盾构隧道施工过程中，通过管片上预留的注浆孔向盾构隧道壁后注入指示剂浆液；利用探地雷达检测指示剂浆液的流动位置、范围和深度，并以此判断盾构隧道壁后缺陷位置的注浆加固效果，利用探地雷达对同步注浆范围内的所有管片进行整体检测，对不满足盾构隧道壁后注浆加固效果的缺陷部位进行二次注浆。所述设备包括探地雷达以及支撑组件。本发明采用探地雷达对具有指示作用的指示剂浆液进行检测，以实时的、快速的获取清晰准确的注浆浆液的流动位置、范围和深度，为观察注浆加固效果以及调整注浆参数提供了精准的依据。
The invention discloses a method and equipment for detecting the grouting reinforcement effect of a shield tunnel wall, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering detection. The detection method includes: during the construction process of the shield tunnel, injecting indicator slurry into the back of the shield tunnel wall through the grouting holes reserved on the segments; using ground penetrating radar to detect the flow position, range and depth of the indicator slurry, And use this to judge the grouting reinforcement effect of the defective position behind the shield tunnel wall, use ground penetrating radar to conduct overall inspection of all segments within the simultaneous grouting range, and detect the defective parts that do not meet the grouting reinforcement effect behind the shield tunnel wall. Carry out secondary grouting. The equipment includes ground penetrating radar and support components. The present invention uses ground penetrating radar to detect the indicator slurry with indicating effect, so as to obtain the clear and accurate flow position, range and depth of the grouting slurry in real time and quickly, providing a basis for observing the grouting reinforcement effect and adjusting the grouting parameters. accurate basis.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明属于隧道工程的检测技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种盾构隧道壁后注浆加固效果检测方法及设备。The invention belongs to the technical field of detection of tunnel engineering, and more specifically, relates to a method and equipment for detecting the grouting reinforcement effect of a shield tunnel wall.
背景技术Background technique
受地面空间和城市设计规划的限制，地下轨道交通建设应运而生。盾构法施工隧道以其施工扰动小、适应软弱地质、掘进速度快等优点在城市地下轨道交通建设中得到越来越为广泛的应用。由于施工工艺的限制，盾构隧道掘进施工会引起地层扰动，隧道管片与围岩之间出现间隙，隧道壁后附近围岩应力重分布，如果不及时处理，会导致地层损失、地表沉降等一系列危害。为减少以上危害的发生和发展，实际工程中会在盾构隧道施工过程进行加固和维护，以保障隧道的施工安全。Due to the limitations of ground space and urban design planning, the construction of underground rail transit came into being. Shield tunnel construction has been increasingly widely used in urban underground rail transit construction due to its advantages of small construction disturbance, adaptability to soft geology, and fast excavation speed. Due to the limitations of the construction technology, shield tunnel excavation construction will cause stratum disturbance, gaps will appear between the tunnel segments and the surrounding rock, and the stress of the surrounding rock near the back of the tunnel wall will be redistributed. If not dealt with in time, it will lead to stratum loss, surface settlement, etc. A series of hazards. In order to reduce the occurrence and development of the above hazards, reinforcement and maintenance will be carried out during the shield tunnel construction process in actual projects to ensure the construction safety of the tunnel.
常规的盾构隧道加固方法主要是注浆，有地面打孔注浆加固和隧道内深孔注浆加固等。然而对于实际密闭型盾构而言，采用注浆加固方法，首先注浆浆液是否充填到所需的缺陷位置无法做到有效观察；其次，不同围岩情况所需的浆液量不同，若注浆量超过所需量，则会导致挤压周围岩土体，衍生一系列工程安全隐患，也会带来不必要的浪费，若注浆量太少，则充填不密实，会影响注浆加固效果。然而如何确定注浆量目前也没有有效的方法，工程上主要还是依靠同类工程经验，类似检测结果也无法为注浆量的确定提供足够的依据和数据支撑；最后，由于浆液的流动性和速干性，常规方法是通过注浆压力的变化来评价注浆效果，其准确度难以保证。The conventional shield tunnel reinforcement method is mainly grouting, including ground hole grouting reinforcement and deep hole grouting reinforcement in the tunnel. However, for the actual sealed shield tunnel, when the grouting reinforcement method is used, firstly, it cannot be effectively observed whether the grouting fluid has filled the required defect position; secondly, the amount of grout required for different surrounding rock conditions is different. If grouting If the grouting amount exceeds the required amount, it will cause the surrounding rock and soil to be squeezed, causing a series of engineering safety hazards and unnecessary waste. If the grouting amount is too small, the filling will not be dense, which will affect the grouting reinforcement effect. . However, there is currently no effective method for determining the amount of grouting. Engineering mainly relies on the experience of similar projects, and similar test results cannot provide sufficient basis and data support for determining the amount of grouting. Finally, due to the fluidity and velocity of the grout, For dryness, the conventional method is to evaluate the grouting effect through changes in grouting pressure, and its accuracy is difficult to guarantee.
由此可见，注浆加固效果目前仍没有好的检测方法和评价标准，因此，建立合理的注浆检测方法与评价体系，实时掌握注浆充填位置和充填量对盾构隧道注浆加固效果具有非常重要的意义。It can be seen that there are still no good detection methods and evaluation standards for the grouting reinforcement effect. Therefore, establishing a reasonable grouting detection method and evaluation system and grasping the grouting filling position and filling amount in real time are of great significance to the grouting reinforcement effect of the shield tunnel. Very important meaning.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术的以上缺陷或改进需求，本发明提供一种盾构隧道壁后注浆加固效果检测方法及设备，其在盾构隧道施工过程中，利用探地雷达在注浆孔周围对指示剂浆液的分布情况进行同步检测根据指示剂浆液的流动位置、范围和深度，判断盾构隧道壁后缺陷位置的注浆加固效果，并实时调整指示剂浆液的注浆参数继续注浆，以满足注浆加固效果。本发明中通过对具有指示作用的指示剂浆液进行检测，以实时的、快速的获取清晰准确的注浆浆液的流动位置、范围和深度，从而可实时掌握注浆充填位置和充填量，进而为观察注浆加固效果以及调整注浆参数提供了精准的依据。In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the existing technology, the present invention provides a method and equipment for detecting the grouting reinforcement effect of the shield tunnel wall. During the construction process of the shield tunnel, ground penetrating radar is used to provide indications around the grouting holes. The distribution of the agent slurry is synchronously detected. According to the flow position, range and depth of the indicator slurry, the grouting reinforcement effect of the defective position behind the shield tunnel wall is judged, and the grouting parameters of the indicator slurry are adjusted in real time to continue grouting to meet the requirements. Grouting reinforcement effect. In the present invention, by detecting the indicator slurry with indicating function, the clear and accurate flow position, range and depth of the grouting slurry can be obtained in real time and quickly, so that the grouting filling position and filling amount can be grasped in real time, and further provide It provides an accurate basis for observing the grouting reinforcement effect and adjusting the grouting parameters.
为实现上述目的，按照本发明的一个方面，提供了一种盾构隧道壁后注浆加固效果检测方法，包括如下步骤：In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a method for detecting the grouting reinforcement effect of a shield tunnel wall is provided, which includes the following steps:
S1在盾构隧道施工过程中，通过管片上预留的注浆孔向盾构隧道壁后注入指示剂浆液；During the construction of the shield tunnel, S1 injects the indicator slurry behind the shield tunnel wall through the grouting holes reserved on the segment;
S2利用探地雷达检测指示剂浆液的流动位置、范围和深度；S2 uses ground penetrating radar to detect the flow position, range and depth of indicator slurry;
S3根据指示剂浆液的流动位置、范围和深度，判断盾构隧道壁后缺陷位置的注浆加固效果，若满足注浆加固效果，则同步注浆完成，进入步骤S4，否则根据指示剂浆液的流动位置、范围和深度调整指示剂浆液的注浆参数，返回至步骤S1，直至满足注浆加固效果，同步注浆完成，进入步骤S4；S3 determines the grouting reinforcement effect of the defective position behind the shield tunnel wall based on the flow position, range and depth of the indicator slurry. If the grouting reinforcement effect is satisfied, the simultaneous grouting is completed and enters step S4. Otherwise, according to the indicator slurry Adjust the grouting parameters of the indicator slurry in the flow position, range and depth, and return to step S1 until the grouting reinforcement effect is met, synchronized grouting is completed, and enter step S4;
S4利用探地雷达对同步注浆范围内的所有管片进行整体检测，并根据整体检测结果判断盾构隧道壁后注浆加固效果是否满足要求，若满足，则停止注浆，否则，对不满足盾构隧道壁后注浆加固效果的缺陷部位进行二次注浆，直至盾构隧道壁后注浆加固效果满足要求。S4 uses ground penetrating radar to conduct an overall inspection of all segments within the simultaneous grouting range, and based on the overall inspection results, it determines whether the grouting reinforcement effect behind the shield tunnel wall meets the requirements. If it meets the requirements, the grouting will be stopped. Otherwise, the grouting will be stopped. The defective parts that meet the back grouting reinforcement effect of the shield tunnel wall are subjected to secondary grouting until the back grouting reinforcement effect of the shield tunnel wall meets the requirements.
作为进一步优选的，步骤S1还包括以下步骤：As further preferred, step S1 also includes the following steps:
将浆液指示剂按预设比例混入浆液中搅拌均匀，配置得到具有指示作用的指示剂浆液。The slurry indicator is mixed into the slurry according to the preset proportion and stirred evenly, and the indicator slurry with indicating effect is obtained.
作为进一步优选的，所述浆液指示剂为金属物质，优选的，所述浆液指示剂为铁屑或铁粉。As a further preference, the slurry indicator is a metal substance. Preferably, the slurry indicator is iron filings or iron powder.
作为进一步优选的，步骤S2还包括以下步骤：As further preferred, step S2 also includes the following steps:
S21利用探地雷达检测并采集指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的流动位置和分布数据；S21 uses ground penetrating radar to detect and collect the flow position and distribution data of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry;
S22根据指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的流动位置和分布数据以获取指示剂浆液的流动位置、范围和深度。S22 obtains the flow position, range and depth of the indicator slurry based on the flow position and distribution data of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry.
作为进一步优选的，步骤S21还包括以下步骤：As further preferred, step S21 also includes the following steps:
S211利用探地雷达检测并采集Ti时刻以及Ti+1时刻指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的反射信号，其中，i≥0；S211 uses ground penetrating radar to detect and collect the reflection signals of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry at time T i and time T i+1 , where i≥0;
S212根据Ti时刻以及Ti+1时刻指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的反射信号，获取Ti时刻以及Ti+1时刻指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的分布图像；S212 obtains the distribution images of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry at time T i and time T i +1 based on the reflection signals of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry at time T i and time T i+1 ;
S213将Ti时刻以及Ti+1时刻指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的分布图像进行对比，以获取指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的流动位置和分布数据。S213 compares the distribution images of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry at time T i and time T i+1 to obtain the flow position and distribution data of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry.
作为进一步优选的，步骤S212中指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的分布图像的获取步骤如下：As a further preference, the steps for obtaining the distribution image of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry in step S212 are as follows:
首先，将指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的反射信号转换为具有多个离散点的采样图；First, the reflected signal of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry is converted into a sampling map with multiple discrete points;
然后，对采样图的图像全局轮廓特征进行提取，以获取指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的分布图像。Then, the image global contour features of the sampling map are extracted to obtain the distribution image of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry.
作为进一步优选的，步骤S4中，对不满足盾构隧道壁后注浆加固效果的缺陷部位进行二次注浆具体包括以下步骤：As a further preference, in step S4, performing secondary grouting on defective parts that do not meet the post-grouting reinforcement effect of the shield tunnel wall specifically includes the following steps:
S41根据整体检测结果对缺陷部位进行定位，并确定缺陷部位的位置；S41 locates the defective part based on the overall inspection results and determines the location of the defective part;
S42根据缺陷部位的位置向缺陷部位注入指示剂浆液，并执行步骤S2和步骤S3，直至盾构隧道壁后注浆加固效果满足要求。S42 injects indicator slurry into the defective part according to the position of the defective part, and performs steps S2 and S3 until the grouting reinforcement effect behind the shield tunnel wall meets the requirements.
按照本发明的另一个方面，还提供了一种用于上述检测方法的设备，包括探地雷达以及支撑组件；According to another aspect of the present invention, a device for the above detection method is also provided, including a ground penetrating radar and a support assembly;
所述探地雷达用于在通过管片上的预留注浆孔向盾构隧道壁后注入指示剂浆液时，检测指示剂浆液的流动位置、范围和深度，并根据指示剂浆液的流动位置、范围和深度，判断盾构隧道壁后缺陷位置的注浆加固效果；The ground penetrating radar is used to detect the flow position, range and depth of the indicator slurry when injecting the indicator slurry behind the shield tunnel wall through the reserved grouting holes on the segments, and based on the flow position, range and depth of the indicator slurry. Scope and depth to determine the grouting reinforcement effect of the defect location behind the shield tunnel wall;
所述支撑组件用于支撑所述探地雷达，并提供探地雷达检测过程中的运动动力。作为进一步优选的，所述探地雷达包括主机、发射机、发射天线、接收机以及接收天线，其中，The support assembly is used to support the ground penetrating radar and provide movement power during the ground penetrating radar detection process. As a further preference, the ground penetrating radar includes a host, a transmitter, a transmitting antenna, a receiver and a receiving antenna, wherein,
所述主机用于向发射机和接收机发送控制命令，发射机根据主机命令向地下发射电磁波，接收机根据控制命令开始数据采集，并将接受到的指示剂的反射信号转换成数字信号传输至主机，所述主机根据该数字信号构建指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的分布图像，从而获取指示剂浆液的流动位置、范围和深度，并根据指示剂浆液的流动位置、范围和深度，判断盾构隧道壁后缺陷位置的注浆加固效果。The host is used to send control commands to the transmitter and receiver. The transmitter emits electromagnetic waves underground according to the host command. The receiver starts data collection according to the control command and converts the received reflected signal of the indicator into a digital signal and transmits it to Host, the host constructs a distribution image of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry based on the digital signal, thereby obtaining the flow position, range and depth of the indicator slurry, and judging the shield according to the flow position, range and depth of the indicator slurry Grouting reinforcement effect of defective location behind tunnel wall.
总体而言，通过本发明所构思的以上技术方案与现有技术相比，能够取得下列有益效果：Generally speaking, compared with the prior art, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
(1)本发明的检测方法利用探地雷达实时检测盾构隧道施工过程中，指示剂浆液的流动位置、范围和深度，并根据指示剂浆液的流动位置、范围和深度，判断盾构隧道壁后缺陷位置的注浆加固效果，并实时调整指示剂浆液的注浆参数，从而可实时掌握注浆充填位置和充填量，进而为观察注浆加固效果以及调整注浆参数提供了精准的依据。本发明方法通过直接检测具有指示作用的指示剂浆液的流动位置、范围和深度，从而可实时掌握注浆充填位置和充填量，进而为观察注浆加固效果以及调整注浆参数提供了精准的依据，避免注浆过程中注浆压力发生变化而带来的误差。(1) The detection method of the present invention uses ground penetrating radar to detect the flow position, range and depth of the indicator slurry in real time during the shield tunnel construction process, and determines the shield tunnel wall based on the flow position, range and depth of the indicator slurry. The grouting reinforcement effect of the defective position can be measured in real time, and the grouting parameters of the indicator slurry can be adjusted in real time, so that the grouting filling position and filling amount can be grasped in real time, which provides an accurate basis for observing the grouting reinforcement effect and adjusting the grouting parameters. The method of the present invention directly detects the flow position, range and depth of the indicator slurry with an indicating effect, so that the grouting filling position and filling amount can be grasped in real time, thereby providing an accurate basis for observing the grouting reinforcement effect and adjusting the grouting parameters. , to avoid errors caused by changes in grouting pressure during the grouting process.
(2)本发明的检测方法将浆液指示剂按预设比例混入浆液中搅拌均匀，配置得到具有指示作用的指示剂浆液，其中，所述浆液指示剂为金属物质，优选的，所述浆液指示剂为铁屑或铁粉，该指示剂具有导电性能好，对电磁波有强烈的反射作用，从而在注浆过程中，可通过直接检测指示剂的流动情况和分布范围来获取指示剂浆液的流动位置、范围和深度，从而可实时掌握注浆充填位置和充填量，进而为观察注浆加固效果以及调整注浆参数提供了精准的依据。且该指示剂具有成本低，易获取，对浆液的力学性质与加固性质没有异常影响，也不会增加地下环境的污染等特点。(2) In the detection method of the present invention, the slurry indicator is mixed into the slurry according to a preset proportion, stirred evenly, and configured to obtain an indicator slurry with an indicating effect, wherein the slurry indicator is a metal substance. Preferably, the slurry indicator The indicator is iron filings or iron powder. The indicator has good electrical conductivity and strong reflection of electromagnetic waves. Therefore, during the grouting process, the flow of the indicator slurry can be obtained by directly detecting the flow condition and distribution range of the indicator. position, range and depth, so that the grouting filling position and filling amount can be grasped in real time, which provides an accurate basis for observing the grouting reinforcement effect and adjusting grouting parameters. In addition, the indicator has the characteristics of low cost, easy acquisition, no abnormal impact on the mechanical properties and reinforcement properties of the slurry, and will not increase the pollution of the underground environment.
(3)本发明的检测方法将指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的反射信号转换为具有多个离散点的采样图，然后，对采样图的图像全局轮廓特征进行提取，以获取指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的分布图像，从而可快速准确的构建指示剂浆液的流动位置、范围和深度，从而可实时掌握注浆充填位置和充填量，进而为观察注浆加固效果以及调整注浆参数提供了精准的依据。(3) The detection method of the present invention converts the reflection signal of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry into a sampling map with multiple discrete points, and then extracts the global contour features of the image of the sampling map to obtain the slurry in the indicator slurry. The distribution image of the indicator can quickly and accurately construct the flow position, range and depth of the indicator slurry, so that the grouting filling position and filling amount can be grasped in real time, thereby providing accurate information for observing the grouting reinforcement effect and adjusting the grouting parameters. basis.
(4)本发明的检测方法还需对同步注浆范围内的所有管片进行整体检测，并根据缺陷部位的位置向缺陷部位进行二次注浆，至盾构隧道壁后注浆加固效果满足要求，使得整体注浆效果更加全面优异，完善了注浆加固效果体系。(4) The detection method of the present invention also requires overall detection of all segments within the synchronous grouting range, and secondary grouting to the defective part according to the location of the defective part. The grouting reinforcement effect after reaching the shield tunnel wall satisfies requirements, making the overall grouting effect more comprehensive and excellent, and improving the grouting reinforcement effect system.
(5)本发明的设备，探地雷达用于实时检测同步注浆过程中指示剂浆液的流动位置、范围和深度，并根据指示剂浆液的流动位置、范围和深度，判断盾构隧道壁后缺陷位置的注浆加固效果，并实时调整指示剂浆液的注浆参数，从而可实时掌握注浆充填位置和充填量，进而为观察注浆加固效果以及调整注浆参数提供了精准的依据。本发明的设备，通过探地雷达直接检测具有指示作用的指示剂浆液的流动位置、范围和深度，从而可实时掌握注浆充填位置和充填量，进而为观察注浆加固效果以及调整注浆参数提供了精准的依据，避免注浆过程中注浆压力发生变化而带来的误差。(5) The equipment of the present invention, the ground penetrating radar is used to detect the flow position, range and depth of the indicator slurry in real time during the synchronous grouting process, and judge the back of the shield tunnel wall based on the flow position, range and depth of the indicator slurry. The grouting reinforcement effect of the defective location can be measured in real time, and the grouting parameters of the indicator slurry can be adjusted in real time, so that the grouting filling position and filling amount can be grasped in real time, which provides an accurate basis for observing the grouting reinforcement effect and adjusting the grouting parameters. The equipment of the present invention directly detects the flow position, range and depth of the indicator slurry with indicating function through ground penetrating radar, so that the grouting filling position and filling amount can be grasped in real time, thereby observing the grouting reinforcement effect and adjusting the grouting parameters. It provides an accurate basis to avoid errors caused by changes in grouting pressure during the grouting process.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为本发明实施例涉及的一种盾构隧道壁后注浆加固效果检测方法的流程示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting the grouting reinforcement effect of a shield tunnel wall according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例涉及的一种用于盾构隧道壁后注浆加固效果检测方法的设备结构示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an equipment used in a method for detecting the grouting reinforcement effect of a shield tunnel wall according to an embodiment of the present invention.
在所有附图中，同样的附图标记表示相同的技术特征，具体为：1-管片、2-注浆孔、3-探地雷达、4-主机。In all drawings, the same reference numbers represent the same technical features, specifically: 1-segment, 2-grouting hole, 3-ground penetrating radar, 4-main engine.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。此外，下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及到的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
如图1所示，本发明提供了一种盾构隧道壁后注浆加固效果检测方法，其包括以下步骤：As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a method for detecting the grouting reinforcement effect of a shield tunnel wall, which includes the following steps:
步骤一，配置具有指示作用的指示剂浆液。其具体为：盾构隧道同步注浆前，要将浆液指示剂按预设比例混入浆液中搅拌均匀，配置得到具有指示作用的指示剂浆液。浆液指示剂优选为铁屑或铁粉等矿物物质，优选的，浆液指示剂为金属物质。其具有导电性能好，对电磁波有强烈的反射作用，且成本低，易获取，对浆液的力学性质与加固性质没有异常影响，也不会增加地下环境的污染等特点。在将浆液指示剂按预设比例混入浆液中之前，需将浆液指示剂球磨到指定的粒径，以满足盾构隧道壁后注浆浆液的性能要求。Step 1: Prepare indicator slurry with indicating effect. Specifically, before synchronous grouting of the shield tunnel, the slurry indicator must be mixed into the slurry according to a preset proportion and stirred evenly, so as to obtain an indicator slurry with an indicating effect. The slurry indicator is preferably a mineral substance such as iron filings or iron powder. Preferably, the slurry indicator is a metal substance. It has good electrical conductivity, strong reflection of electromagnetic waves, low cost, easy to obtain, no abnormal impact on the mechanical properties and reinforcement properties of the slurry, and will not increase the pollution of the underground environment. Before mixing the slurry indicator into the slurry at a preset ratio, the slurry indicator needs to be ball-milled to a specified particle size to meet the performance requirements of the grouting slurry behind the shield tunnel wall.
步骤二，在盾构隧道施工过程中，通过管片上的预留注浆孔从不同位置分别向盾构隧道壁后注入指示剂浆液，即进行同步注浆。Step 2: During the construction of the shield tunnel, indicator slurry is injected into the back of the shield tunnel wall from different positions through the reserved grouting holes on the segment, that is, synchronous grouting is performed.
步骤三，利用探地雷达检测指示剂浆液的分布以及填充情况。在同步注浆时，盾构隧道壁后的指示剂浆液会向缺陷或者空洞处流动，同时，采用探地雷达检测指示剂浆液的分布以及填充情况，并根据其检测的指示剂浆液的分布以及填充情况的数据，以获取指示剂浆液的流动位置、范围和深度，从而掌握缺陷位置的注浆加固效果，更好地指导注浆操作的进行。作为进一步优选的，探地雷达还可以将指示剂浆液的分布以及填充情况转化为图片，以获取实时的、直观的指示剂浆液的分布以及填充情况图，从而获取指示剂浆液的流动位置、范围和深度，以掌握缺陷位置的注浆加固效果，更好地指导注浆操作的进行。Step 3: Use ground penetrating radar to detect the distribution and filling status of the indicator slurry. During synchronous grouting, the indicator slurry behind the shield tunnel wall will flow toward defects or holes. At the same time, ground-penetrating radar is used to detect the distribution and filling conditions of the indicator slurry, and based on the detected distribution and filling of the indicator slurry, Filling situation data can be used to obtain the flow position, range and depth of the indicator slurry, so as to grasp the grouting reinforcement effect of defective locations and better guide the grouting operation. As a further preference, the ground penetrating radar can also convert the distribution and filling status of the indicator slurry into pictures to obtain real-time and intuitive distribution and filling status diagrams of the indicator slurry, thereby obtaining the flow position and range of the indicator slurry. and depth to grasp the grouting reinforcement effect at the defect location and better guide the grouting operation.
利用探地雷达检测指示剂浆液的分布以及填充情况具体如下：The distribution and filling conditions of indicator slurry detected using ground penetrating radar are as follows:
首先，利用探地雷达检测并采集指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的流动位置和分布数据。利用探地雷达检测并采集Ti时刻以及Ti+1时刻指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的反射信号，其中，i≥0；根据Ti时刻以及Ti+1时刻指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的反射信号，获取Ti时刻以及Ti+1时刻指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的分布图像；将Ti时刻以及Ti+1时刻指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的分布图像进行对比，以获取指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的流动位置和分布数据。First, ground penetrating radar is used to detect and collect the flow position and distribution data of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry. Use ground penetrating radar to detect and collect the reflection signals of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry at Ti time and Ti+1 time, where i≥0; according to the reflection signals of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry at Ti time and Ti+1 time, Obtain the distribution images of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry at Ti time and Ti+1 time; compare the distribution images of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry at Ti time and Ti+1 time to obtain the distribution images of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry. Mobile location and distribution data.
然后，根据指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的流动位置和分布数据以获取指示剂浆液的流动位置、范围和深度。Then, the flow position, range and depth of the indicator slurry are obtained based on the flow position and distribution data of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry.
其中，指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的分布图像的获取步骤如下：Among them, the steps for obtaining the distribution image of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry are as follows:
首先，将指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的反射信号转换为具有多个离散点的采样图。First, the reflected signal of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry is converted into a sampled map with multiple discrete points.
然后，对采样图的图像全局轮廓特征进行提取，以获取指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的分布图像。Then, the image global contour features of the sampling map are extracted to obtain the distribution image of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry.
步骤四，根据指示剂浆液的流动位置、范围和深度，判断盾构隧道壁后缺陷位置的注浆加固效果，若满足注浆加固效果，则同步注浆完成，进入步骤五，否则根据指示剂浆液的流动位置、范围和深度调整指示剂浆液的注浆参数继续注浆，即进入步骤二，直至满足注浆加固效果，同步注浆完成，进入步骤五。根据指示剂浆液的流动位置、范围和深度，或者指示剂浆液的分布以及填充情况图，判断盾构隧道壁后缺陷位置的注浆加固效果，检测人员与相关工作人员及时沟通，并实时调整指示剂浆液的注浆参数，从而可实时掌握注浆充填位置和充填量，进而为观察注浆加固效果以及调整注浆参数提供了精准的依据，以获取最佳的注浆效果。Step 4: Based on the flow position, range and depth of the indicator slurry, determine the grouting reinforcement effect of the defective position behind the shield tunnel wall. If the grouting reinforcement effect is satisfied, the simultaneous grouting will be completed and proceed to step five. Otherwise, according to the indicator The flow position, range and depth of the slurry are adjusted to the grouting parameters of the indicator slurry and the grouting is continued, i.e., step 2 is entered until the grouting reinforcement effect is met. Synchronous grouting is completed and step 5 is entered. According to the flow position, range and depth of the indicator slurry, or the distribution and filling situation of the indicator slurry, the grouting reinforcement effect of the defective position behind the shield tunnel wall is judged. The inspection personnel communicate with relevant staff in a timely manner and adjust the instructions in real time. The grouting parameters of the grouting agent can be grasped in real time, thereby providing a precise basis for observing the grouting reinforcement effect and adjusting the grouting parameters to obtain the best grouting effect.
步骤五，利用探地雷达对同步注浆范围内的所有管片进行整体检测，并根据整体检测结果判断盾构隧道壁后注浆加固效果是否满足要求，若满足，则停止注浆，否则，对不满足盾构隧道壁后注浆加固效果的缺陷部位进行二次注浆，直至盾构隧道壁后注浆加固效果满足要求。Step 5: Use ground-penetrating radar to conduct an overall inspection of all segments within the simultaneous grouting range, and judge based on the overall inspection results whether the grouting reinforcement effect behind the shield tunnel wall meets the requirements. If so, stop grouting; otherwise, Secondary grouting will be performed on defective parts that do not meet the back grouting reinforcement effect of the shield tunnel wall until the back grouting reinforcement effect of the shield tunnel wall meets the requirements.
如图2所示，在本发明实施例中，管片1为盾构隧道的最内层屏障，管片1上预留有若干注浆孔2。在盾构隧道施工过程中，通过管片预留注浆孔2向盾构隧道壁后注浆，实现对隧道背后岩土性状的加固和改善，以保障隧道的加工安全。盾构隧道同步注浆前，要将浆液指示剂混入浆液中搅拌均匀。浆液指示剂优选为铁屑或铁粉等矿物物质，导电性能好，对电磁波有强烈的反射作用，且成本低，易获取，对浆液的力学性质与加固性质没有异常影响，也不会增加地下环境的污染。As shown in Figure 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, the segment 1 is the innermost barrier of the shield tunnel, and a number of grouting holes 2 are reserved on the segment 1. During the construction of the shield tunnel, grouting is injected behind the shield tunnel wall through the reserved grouting holes 2 in the segments to reinforce and improve the geotechnical properties behind the tunnel to ensure the safety of tunnel processing. Before synchronous grouting of shield tunnel, the slurry indicator should be mixed into the slurry and stirred evenly. The slurry indicator is preferably a mineral substance such as iron filings or iron powder, which has good electrical conductivity, strong reflection of electromagnetic waves, is low in cost, easy to obtain, has no abnormal impact on the mechanical properties and reinforcement properties of the slurry, and will not increase the amount of underground water. Environmental pollution.
用于检测的设备包括探地雷达3以及用于支撑所述探地雷达并提供探地雷达检测过程中的运动动力的支撑组件。其中，探地雷达3包括主机4、发射机、发射天线、接收机、接收天线五部分。其中，主机是一个数据采集以及数据处理系统，其用于根据指令向发射机和接收机发送控制命令，发射机根据主机命令向地下发射电磁波，接收机根据控制命令开始数据采集，并将接受到的指示剂的反射信号转换成数字信号传输至主机4，主机4根据Ti时刻以及Ti+1时刻指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的反射信号，构建Ti时刻以及Ti+1时刻指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的分布图像。在构建浆液指示剂的分布图像时，首先，将指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的反射信号转换为具有多个离散点的采样图；然后，对采样图的图像全局轮廓特征进行提取，以获取指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的分布图像。主机4还用于将Ti时刻以及Ti+1时刻指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的分布图像进行对比，以获取指示剂浆液中浆液指示剂的流动位置和分布数据。在主机4显示铁屑或者铁粉的流动位置、范围和深度，从而掌握缺陷位置的注浆加固效果，更好地指导注浆操作的进行。The equipment used for detection includes a ground penetrating radar 3 and a support assembly used to support the ground penetrating radar and provide motion power during the ground penetrating radar detection process. Among them, the ground penetrating radar 3 includes five parts: a host 4, a transmitter, a transmitting antenna, a receiver, and a receiving antenna. Among them, the host is a data acquisition and data processing system, which is used to send control commands to the transmitter and receiver according to the instructions. The transmitter emits electromagnetic waves underground according to the host commands, and the receiver starts data collection according to the control commands and will receive The reflected signal of the indicator is converted into a digital signal and transmitted to the host 4. The host 4 constructs the indicator at time T i and time T i+1 based on the reflected signal of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry at time T i and time T i+1 Distribution image of slurry indicator in slurry. When constructing the distribution image of the slurry indicator, first, the reflection signal of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry is converted into a sampling map with multiple discrete points; then, the image global contour features of the sampling map are extracted to obtain the indication Distribution image of slurry indicator in agent slurry. The host computer 4 is also used to compare the distribution images of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry at time T i and time T i+1 to obtain the flow position and distribution data of the slurry indicator in the indicator slurry. The flow position, range and depth of iron filings or iron powder are displayed on the host computer 4, so as to grasp the grouting reinforcement effect of defective locations and better guide the grouting operation.
利用添加铁屑或铁粉的浆液与探地雷达电磁波检测方法配合使用，通过雷达输出屏幕上图像的变化，不仅可以实时掌握注浆浆液的具体流动位置，还能控制缺陷位置的注浆量，使其达到最佳注浆加固效果。同时，探地雷达检测是一种快速无损检测方法，有利于对施工中的注浆效果等问题做到及时发现、快速反应。By using the slurry added with iron filings or iron powder and the ground penetrating radar electromagnetic wave detection method, through the changes in the image on the radar output screen, not only can the specific flow position of the grouting slurry be grasped in real time, but also the amount of grouting at the defect location can be controlled. To achieve the best grouting reinforcement effect. At the same time, ground-penetrating radar inspection is a rapid non-destructive inspection method, which is conducive to timely discovery and rapid response to problems such as grouting effects during construction.
本发明实施例一种盾构隧道壁后注浆加固效果检测方法所需材料为浆液指示剂——铁屑或铁粉，所需装置包括探地雷达检测设备。盾构隧道同步注浆前，将铁屑或铁粉混入浆液中搅拌均匀；通过管片预留注浆孔向盾构隧道壁后注浆，实现对隧道背后岩土性状的加固和改善；利用探地雷达在注浆孔周围对浆液的分布情况进行同步检测，通过观察雷达主机上的图像，掌握浆液流动变化和缺陷位置浆液充填情况；根据图像变化情况，检测人员与相关工作人员及时沟通，调整注浆压力、注浆位置和注浆量；在注浆完成后，使用探地雷达对注浆范围内所有管片进行整体检测，根据检测结果查找注浆效果未达要求的位置，并进行二次注浆，最终达到最佳的注浆效果。本发明避免注浆过程中注浆压力发生变化而带来的误差。The material required for a method for detecting the grouting reinforcement effect behind a shield tunnel wall in an embodiment of the present invention is a slurry indicator—iron filings or iron powder, and the required device includes ground-penetrating radar detection equipment. Before synchronous grouting of the shield tunnel, mix iron filings or iron powder into the slurry and stir evenly; grout the back of the shield tunnel wall through the reserved grouting holes in the segments to reinforce and improve the geotechnical properties behind the tunnel; utilize The ground penetrating radar synchronously detects the distribution of grout around the grouting hole. By observing the image on the radar host, the grout flow changes and the grout filling situation at the defect location are grasped. According to the image changes, the inspection personnel communicate with relevant staff in a timely manner. Adjust the grouting pressure, grouting position and grouting amount; after the grouting is completed, use ground-penetrating radar to conduct an overall inspection of all segments within the grouting range. Based on the inspection results, find the locations where the grouting effect does not meet the requirements, and conduct Secondary grouting to finally achieve the best grouting effect. The invention avoids errors caused by changes in grouting pressure during the grouting process.
盾构隧道壁后注浆加固效果检测方法的具体工作流程如下：The specific workflow of the detection method for the back grouting reinforcement effect of shield tunnel walls is as follows:
(1)盾构隧道管片安装后，同步注浆施加之前，将铁屑或铁粉按一定的比例掺入浆液中并搅拌均匀，获取具有指示作用的指示剂浆液；(1) After the shield tunnel segments are installed and before synchronous grouting is applied, iron filings or iron powder are mixed into the slurry in a certain proportion and stirred evenly to obtain an indicator slurry with an indicating effect;
(2)待盾尾管片拼装完毕，通过管片上预留的注浆孔从不同位置分别向盾构隧道壁后进行同步注浆；(2) After the shield tail segments are assembled, synchronized grouting is performed from different positions behind the shield tunnel wall through the grouting holes reserved on the segments;
(3)同步注浆过程中，利用探地雷达及时对注浆孔周围的浆液分布情况进行检测，通过观察主机上的图像，掌握指示剂浆液的流动变化和缺陷位置浆液充填情况；(3) During the synchronous grouting process, ground-penetrating radar is used to detect the grout distribution around the grouting hole in a timely manner, and by observing the image on the host computer, the flow changes of the indicator grout and the grout filling situation at the defect location are grasped;
(4)根据探地雷达实时检测结果，调整注浆压力、注浆位置和注浆量，以达到较好的注浆效果；(4) According to the real-time detection results of ground penetrating radar, adjust the grouting pressure, grouting position and grouting amount to achieve better grouting effect;
(5)同步注浆完成后，利用探地雷达对注浆范围内所有管片进行整体检测，根据检测结果查找注浆效果未达要求的位置，重复步骤(4)，进行二次注浆，最终达到最佳的注浆效果。(5) After the simultaneous grouting is completed, use ground penetrating radar to conduct an overall inspection of all segments within the grouting range. Find the locations where the grouting effect does not meet the requirements based on the inspection results. Repeat step (4) to perform secondary grouting. Finally achieve the best grouting effect.
本领域的技术人员容易理解，以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, All should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN114370278B (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2023-06-30 | 山东大学 | Device and method for detecting grouting effect behind shield tunnel segment and wall |
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