CN111650232B - Leaching system for monitoring undisturbed loess water salt migration and element filtration process - Google Patents
Leaching system for monitoring undisturbed loess water salt migration and element filtration process Download PDFInfo
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- CN111650232B CN111650232B CN202010542629.4A CN202010542629A CN111650232B CN 111650232 B CN111650232 B CN 111650232B CN 202010542629 A CN202010542629 A CN 202010542629A CN 111650232 B CN111650232 B CN 111650232B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
- G01N23/223—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material by irradiating the sample with X-rays or gamma-rays and by measuring X-ray fluorescence
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
- G01N27/06—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a liquid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
- G01N33/246—Earth materials for water content
Abstract
The invention discloses a leaching system for monitoring the undisturbed loess water salt migration and element filtration process, which mainly comprises two parts, namely an undisturbed soil column leaching device and a data real-time acquisition and processing system; the undisturbed soil column leaching device mainly comprises 4 parts, such as a liquid supply box, a sample cabin, a filtrate box, a circulation box and the like, and the data real-time acquisition and processing system mainly comprises a water salt sensor probe, an ion detection sensor probe, an X-ray fluorescence system, sensors which are respectively adaptive to the probes and a computer data processor. This leaching device degree of automation is high, relates to the leaching experiment to original state loess under the natural state, guarantees the sealed effect of leaching in-process simultaneously through ingenious design.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a leaching system for monitoring the water-salt migration and element filtration process of undisturbed loess, and relates to the technical field of leaching equipment.
Background
Loess, as a special sediment formed since the fourth age, is very susceptible to surface water infiltration to cause geological disasters due to its characteristics of porosity, weak cementation, strong water sensitivity and the like. With the progress of industrialization and urbanization in loess areas, the problem that loess is eroded by weak acid water such as industrial wastewater, coal mine wastewater, municipal sewage and the like to induce disasters will become more serious day by day. The carbonate cement is easy to be chemically corroded and lost under the action of weak acid water, so that the mechanical property of loess is greatly deteriorated, and further, a special loess geological disaster different from neutral water infiltration is induced. Therefore, the research on the water-salt migration and element filtration process of the weakly acidic water infiltrated into the undisturbed loess is particularly necessary, and the in-situ test can meet the requirements, but has a plurality of interference factors and relatively high cost, so that the indoor soil column leaching test is an effective method.
The invention patent application with publication number CN109187928A discloses a soil column simulated acid rain leaching device, which comprises a leaching column, a bracket, a leaching solution collecting bottle, a constant-flow peristaltic pump and a simulated acid rain container. The device is simple and easy to manufacture, convenient to sample and operate and low in cost, and a plurality of leaching columns can be fixed by the same support, so that the lateral comparison of leaching experimental results can be realized; however, the device only combines different devices with a single function mechanically to achieve leaching or other processing effects on the test sample; meanwhile, most of test samples aimed at by the existing leaching device are remolded soil particles, so that a plurality of technical explorations are carried out on the uniform action of the soil particles, other powdery samples and leaching liquid, and the leaching test of undisturbed loess in a natural state is rarely involved;
the invention patent application with publication number CN108241050A discloses a reciprocating leaching experimental device and an experimental method, the device comprises an experimental platform deck, a leaching device and a monitoring device, the device can simulate the situation of a complex geologic body under the action of superposition of multiple layers of media, the summation calculation verification of the total amount of target elements can be realized through the experiment of the leached media, and meanwhile, the device has higher automation degree; however, after the device is subjected to relevant treatment such as leaching, in the process of carrying out subsequent relevant tests on the test sample, the leached test sample is very easily interfered by external factors, and the test result cannot be fed back in time.
In order to overcome the defects, the applicant develops a highly automated and systematic leaching system which integrates leaching, data real-time acquisition and processing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a leaching system for monitoring the water salt migration and element leaching process of undisturbed loess, aiming at the existing problems, the sensors are distributed in the soil column and the leaching solution collecting device, the X-ray fluorescence system is arranged, the real-time detection of water salt and element components in the leaching process can be realized, and the leaching system is matched with a computer processor, so that the time interval for taking data can be artificially set, the data can be timely processed and fed back, and the interference of external factors in the sample testing process after leaching is reduced; through skillfully setting the form of the test sample storage cabin and the mode of closing and loading the sample, the leaching test of the original loess sample can be developed, the occurrence state of the soil under natural conditions is better met, the sealing effect in the leaching process can be ensured by means of hoops, sealing strips and the like, and the leaching test result has higher reliability; the main equipment of the leaching device such as a circulation box, a liquid supply box and a sample cabin is organically combined: the water level of 2 liquid level point pairs of liquid level control relay cooperation on the confession liquid case is monitored to be connected with the water pump on the circulation case, the control water pump carries out the moisturizing to the confession liquid case under specific condition, and the overflow mouth on the sample cabin can make unnecessary leachate transport to the circulation incasement, consequently just need not to supply water to the system again after providing enough leachate for the first time, has thoroughly liberated the manpower.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention discloses a leaching system for monitoring the water-salt migration and element filtration process of undisturbed loess, which comprises an undisturbed soil column leaching device and a data real-time acquisition and processing system;
the original-state soil column leaching device mainly comprises 4 parts, such as a liquid supply tank, a sample cabin, a circulation tank, a filtrate tank and the like, wherein the sample cabin is formed by splicing two arc-shaped dies by a hoop, and two arc-shaped grooves are respectively manufactured at corresponding positions according to the height of an original-state soil column and used for placing permeable stones; an overflow port is arranged above one circular arc-shaped mould and is connected with a water guide pipe, and redundant liquid is conveyed to a circulating tank for recycling;
the liquid supply box is a water supply device formed by splicing an upper-end closed cylinder and a lower-end hopper, the top of the upper-end closed cylinder is respectively provided with a water inlet and a liquid level control relay, the water inlet is connected with a water pump on the upper part of the circulation box through a water guide pipe, liquid in the circulation box can be conveyed into the liquid supply box again for recycling, and the liquid level relay and a first liquid level point and a second liquid level point in the liquid supply box work together and are connected with a water pump motor;
the funnel at the lower end of the liquid supply box conveys liquid to the top of the sample cabin through the water guide pipe, the water guide pipe is respectively provided with a digital electromagnetic valve and an electronic flowmeter which are connected with a computer, the digital electromagnetic valve can be controlled by the computer to allow the liquid to pass through at a certain flow rate, and then the liquid is monitored in real time by the electronic flowmeter below and fed back to the computer, and the independent leaching of a certain undisturbed soil column can be realized through a manual valve, so that the flexibility is strong;
the data real-time acquisition and processing system mainly comprises a water salt sensor probe, an ion composite electrode probe, an X-ray fluorescence system, sensors respectively matched with the X-ray fluorescence system and a computer data processor;
the water-salt sensor probes can be arranged at different heights of the soil column, and can detect the water content and the electric conductivity of a sample within a certain volume range (the electric conductivity can be further converted into salinity concentration);
the ion composite electrode probe is placed in the filtrate tank and can detect the ion concentration in the filtrate;
the X-ray fluorescence system is arranged at different heights of the earth pillar and comprises an X-ray emission source, a detector, a radiation-proof shell, an amplifier and a multichannel pulse analyzer, and the X-ray fluorescence system is connected with a sensor port of the X-ray fluorescence system through an external sensor port of the X-ray fluorescence system.
The invention has the following technical effects:
although the current earth pillar leaching test is widely applied in a plurality of disciplines, the current leaching device is found to be more mechanically combined with different equipment with single function when patents related to the leaching device are arranged so as to achieve the leaching or other treatment effects on a test sample, so the automation degree is still to be improved;
in the prior art, after relevant treatment such as leaching, in the process of carrying out subsequent relevant tests on a test sample, the leached test sample is very easy to be interfered by external factors, and a test result cannot be fed back in time;
most of test samples of the existing leaching device are remolded soil particles, so that a plurality of technical explorations are carried out on the uniform action of the soil particles, other powdery samples and leaching liquid, and the leaching test of undisturbed loess in a natural state is rarely involved;
aiming at the problems, the leaching system for monitoring the migration of the original loess water and salt and the element filtration process is designed.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
1. the automation of the leaching process can be realized by arranging the circulating box, the water pump and the liquid level control relay, and the leaching test for a longer time can be met by only storing enough leaching liquid in the circulating box before the leaching test begins, so that testers are liberated;
2. by arranging corresponding sensor probes in filtrate boxes at different heights of the earth pillar and setting an X-ray fluorescence system, the real-time detection of water salt and element components in the leaching process is realized, and partial data which can be measured after the original leaching test can be acquired in real time and fed back to a computer display terminal in the leaching process;
3. the sample cabin is assembled in a mode of closing two arc-shaped molds, and a groove can be formed in the corresponding position according to the size of the soil column for placing a permeable stone, and the permeable stone at the bottom can prevent fine particles in a soil body from seeping out along with liquid and can bear the weight of the soil column; the hoops at different positions enable the two arc-shaped molds to be always closed in the leaching process, so that the leaching test requirements of the original-state soil column can be completely met;
4. the manual valve and the digital electromagnetic valve are matched with each other, so that not only can a plurality of groups of original-state soil columns be leached simultaneously, but also a certain original-state soil column can be leached separately, and the flexibility is strong; in addition, the liquid supply case provides the leachate for the parallel sample of multiunit respectively, consequently also can carry out the original state earth pillar leaching test that the leachate is different simultaneously, and is efficient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a leaching system for undisturbed loess water salt migration and element loss process monitoring;
1-a liquid level control relay, 2-a water guide pipe, 3-a liquid supply tank, 4-a first liquid level point, 5-a second liquid level point, 6-a digital electromagnetic valve, 7-an electronic flowmeter, 8-a multi-communication device, 9-a manual valve, 10-a sample chamber, 11-a hoop, 12-a water salt sensor, 13-an ion detection sensor, 14-a filtrate tank, 15-an ion composite electrode probe, 16-a circulation tank, 17-a leaching device frame, 18-a computer display terminal, 19-a computer data processor and 20-an operation table;
FIG. 2 is a left view of the leaching system for undisturbed loess water salt migration and element filtration process monitoring;
6-a digital electromagnetic valve, 7-an electronic flowmeter, 8-a multi-communication device, 9-a manual valve and 21-a water pump;
FIG. 3 is a rear view of the leaching system for undisturbed loess water salt migration and element loss process monitoring;
8-a multi-communication device, 22-an overflow port, 23-an X-ray fluorescence system device diagram, 24-a water salt sensor port, 25-an ion detection sensor port, 26-an X-ray fluorescence system sensor port, 27-an electronic flowmeter port and 28-a digital electromagnetic valve port;
FIG. 4 is a right side view of the leaching system for undisturbed loess water salt migration and element loss process monitoring;
8-a multi-communication device, 18-a computer display terminal, 19-a computer data processor, 22-an overflow port, 30-a radiation-proof shell, 31-an X-ray emission source and detector, 32-an amplifier, 33-a multi-channel pulse analyzer and 34-an X-ray fluorescence system external sensor port;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the leaching system for undisturbed loess water salt migration and element loss monitoring;
35-emergency stop switch, 36-power supply switch, 37-water pump 1 switch, 38-water pump 2 switch, 39-power supply switch, 40-water pump 1 switch, and 41-water pump 2 switch;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a sample chamber of the leaching system for monitoring the migration of undisturbed loess water and salt and element loss;
a: front sectional view, b: rear section view
22-an overflow port, 42-an arc-shaped die, 43-an arc-shaped groove, 44-a round hole on the surface of the sample cabin and 45-a square hole for X-rays to pass through;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of the effect of the leaching system in the process of undisturbed loess water salt migration and element leaching;
fig. 8 is a connection relationship diagram of a leaching system detection element, a sensor element and a computer processor for undisturbed loess water salt migration and element filtration process monitoring.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
In this embodiment, the data used is a preferred solution, but is not intended to limit the present invention;
as shown in fig. 1 to 8, the present embodiment provides a leaching system for monitoring the undisturbed loess water salt migration and element filtration process, which includes an undisturbed soil column leaching device and a real-time data collecting and processing system;
the original-state soil column leaching device mainly comprises 4 parts, such as a liquid supply tank, a sample cabin, a circulation tank, a filtrate tank and the like, wherein the sample cabin is formed by splicing two arc-shaped dies by a hoop, and in addition, because the two arc-shaped dies have certain thickness, two arc-shaped grooves are respectively manufactured at corresponding positions according to the height of the original-state soil column and are used for placing permeable stones; an overflow port is arranged above one circular arc-shaped mould, so that the content of liquid in the leaching earth column after entering the sample cabin can be effectively controlled, the overflow port is connected with a water guide pipe, and redundant liquid is conveyed to a circulating tank for recycling;
the liquid supply box is a water supply device formed by splicing an upper end closed cylinder and a lower end funnel, the top of the upper end closed cylinder is respectively provided with a water inlet and a liquid level control relay, the water inlet is connected with a water pump on the upper part of the circulating box through a water guide pipe and can convey liquid in the circulating box into the liquid supply box again for recycling, the liquid level relay and a first liquid level point and a second liquid level point in the liquid supply box work together and are connected with a water pump motor, when the liquid in the liquid supply box reaches the first liquid level point, the liquid level relay acts to close a normally closed contact, the normally open contact is disconnected, and the water pump motor stops running immediately; when the liquid in the liquid supply tank reaches a second liquid level point, the normally closed contact of the liquid level relay is disconnected, the normally open contact is closed, and the water pump motor immediately starts to work;
the funnel at the lower end of the liquid supply box conveys liquid to the top of the sample cabin through the water guide pipe, the water guide pipe is respectively provided with a digital electromagnetic valve and an electronic flowmeter which are connected with a computer, the digital electromagnetic valve can be controlled by the computer to allow the liquid to pass through at a certain flow rate, and then the liquid is monitored in real time by the electronic flowmeter below and fed back to the computer, so that the flow rate can be adjusted through the digital electromagnetic valve in time, and leaching liquid is prevented from flooding the top end of the sample cabin and then overflowing;
the data real-time acquisition and processing system mainly comprises a water salt sensor probe, an ion composite electrode probe, an X-ray fluorescence system, sensors which are respectively adapted to the X-ray fluorescence system and a computer data processor;
the water-salt sensor probes can be distributed at different heights of the earth pillar, can detect the water content and the electric conductivity of a sample within a certain volume range (the electric conductivity can be further converted into salinity concentration), converts data signals into signals which can be recognized by a computer data processor through the sensors and stores the signals in real time, and can realize real-time tracking of longitudinal migration of water and salt in the undisturbed earth pillar in the leaching process;
the ion composite electrode probe is placed in the filtrate tank, can detect the ion concentration in the filtrate, and is still connected with a computer processor through a sensor, so that the real-time detection and treatment of the ion concentration of the filtrate in the leaching process are realized;
the X-ray fluorescence system is arranged at different heights of the earth pillar and comprises an X-ray emission source, a detector, a radiation-proof shell, an amplifier and a multi-channel pulse analyzer, and data are transmitted to a computer by an adaptive sensor, so that real-time tracking of longitudinal migration of elements of the undisturbed earth pillar in the leaching process is realized. Data acquisition software matched with a computer processor can autonomously set the time interval of data acquisition in the leaching process, record the water and salt concentrations, element concentrations and the ion concentrations of filtrate at different heights in the undisturbed soil column, take the leaching time as a horizontal coordinate, and present the data in a computer display terminal in a form of a vertical coordinate.
In this embodiment, the monitoring process of the water and salt migration and element filtration loss process in the leaching process of the undisturbed soil column is as follows:
step 1: preparing an undisturbed soil column according to the inner diameter of the sample cabin and the interval of upper and lower permeable stones in the sample cabin, horizontally placing a mold, and then carefully pushing the undisturbed soil column into the mold from the lower end of the undisturbed soil column;
step 2: attaching filter paper to the upper side and the lower side of the undisturbed soil column, slowly pushing the permeable stone into the groove of the mold, closing the other mold and completing sample loading work;
and step 3: slowly erecting the closed sample cabin (paying attention to the fact that the rear half part of an undisturbed soil column needs to be tightly attached to a Mylar film), determining the number and the position of hoops according to the height of the soil column, sleeving the hoops outside the sample cabin and screwing the hoops by using bolts;
and 4, step 4: repeating the steps 1-3 to finish the sample loading work of the remaining 5 groups of undisturbed soil columns;
and 5: preparing leaching solution required by the test, opening a top cover of the circulating box, and pouring the leaching solution into the circulating box;
step 6: after the water salt sensor probe is debugged, the water salt sensor probe is slowly inserted into the undisturbed soil column along a hole reserved in the sample cabin, vaseline is applied to a gap between the probe and the hole, the ion detection sensor probe is placed into a filtrate box after being debugged, whether an X-ray fluorescence system can normally operate is checked, and then all components are installed on an X-ray fluorescence system device frame behind the sample cabin;
and 7: after the detection device is installed, the detection device is sequentially connected with the respective sensors, and then the sensors are connected with the corresponding ports behind the computer processor, and in addition, the digital electromagnetic valve and the electronic flowmeter are also required to be connected with the corresponding ports behind the computer processor;
and 8: switching on a power supply, turning on the water pumps 1 and 2, and automatically turning off the water pumps when the liquid level in the liquid supply tank reaches a first liquid level point to finish the water supply operation from the circulating tank to the liquid supply tank;
and step 9: the initial flow, the sampling interval and the leaching time are set by test matching software in a computer processor, then a digital electromagnetic valve starts to work, the flow of a water guide pipe below a liquid supply box is controlled, and the flow is fed back by an electronic flowmeter in real time;
step 10: after the design value of the flow is equal to the measured value, opening the manual valve, and simultaneously clicking 'start test' in software, wherein the software starts timing from the moment;
step 11: completing data acquisition work within set leaching time and sampling intervals, and feeding back the data to a computer to display a terminal of the computer in time;
step 12: and after the set leaching time is reached, the computer processor controls the digital electromagnetic valve to stop running, and the leaching test is finished.
Preferably, in the embodiment, the manual valve and the digital electromagnetic valve are matched with each other, so that not only can simultaneous leaching of 6 groups of original-state soil columns be realized, but also separate leaching of a certain original-state soil column can be realized, and the flexibility is strong; in addition, 2 liquid supply boxes respectively provide leachate for 3 groups of parallel samples, so that an original-state soil column leaching test with different leachate can be carried out simultaneously, and the efficiency is high;
in this embodiment, the size of the sample compartment can be customized according to the size of an original-state soil column, the number and the position of the hoops can be adjusted by the height of the original-state soil column so as to ensure the actual sealing effect of the sample compartment, and in addition, a sealing strip made of rubber can be attached to the wall surface of a half of circular arc-shaped mold and vaseline is coated on the wall surface of the half of circular arc-shaped mold;
in the embodiment, the position of the overflow port above the sample cabin determines the height of the water head, and the position of the overflow port can be designed according to the specific requirements of the test;
in the embodiment, the water and salt sensor probe can be inserted into the undisturbed soil column only through the round hole formed in the surface of the sample cabin, so that the limitation of manufacturing precision is considered, and in order to prevent liquid from overflowing from the round hole, gaps between the round hole and the water and salt sensor probe can be plugged by means of vaseline;
in this embodiment, since the emission source in the X-ray fluorescence system cannot penetrate the chamber with a certain thickness, a square hole for X-rays to pass through still needs to be provided at a corresponding position, but a mylar film can be attached to the inner wall of the sample chamber at a position corresponding to the square hole, so that the X-rays can be irradiated to the surface of the original-shape column through the film, and the liquid leakage can be prevented.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that are made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The leaching system for monitoring the undisturbed loess water salt migration and element filtration process is characterized by comprising an undisturbed soil column leaching device, wherein the undisturbed soil column leaching device comprises a leaching device frame (17), a liquid supply box (3), a sample cabin (10), a filtrate box (14) and a circulation box (16) are arranged on the leaching device frame (17), and the liquid supply box (3), the sample cabin (10), the filtrate box (14) and the circulation box (16) are connected through a water guide pipe (2) to perform circulation work;
the undisturbed soil column leaching device comprises a leaching device frame (17), wherein a liquid supply box (3), a sample cabin (10), a filtrate box (14) and a circulation box (16) are arranged on the leaching device frame (17), and the liquid supply box (3), the sample cabin (10), the filtrate box (14) and the circulation box (16) are connected through a water guide pipe (2) to circularly work;
the liquid supply tank (3) is a water supply device formed by splicing an upper end closed cylinder and a lower end funnel, the top of the upper end closed cylinder is respectively provided with a water inlet and a liquid level control relay (1), and the water inlet is connected with a water pump (21) at the upper part of the circulating tank (16) through a water guide pipe (2); the liquid level control relay (1) is connected with a first liquid level point (4) and a second liquid level point (5) in the liquid supply tank (3) and is also connected with a water pump motor;
the sample cabin (10) is formed by splicing two arc-shaped molds (42) by a hoop (11), two arc-shaped grooves (43) are respectively formed in the inner sides of the arc-shaped molds (42), a sample cabin surface round hole (44) for a water salt sensor probe to penetrate through is formed between the two arc-shaped grooves (43) of the front section arc-shaped mold (42), an overflow port (22) is formed in the upper part of the rear section arc-shaped mold (42), and a square hole (45) for X-rays to pass through is formed between the two arc-shaped grooves (43) of the rear section;
the utility model discloses a sample cabin, including supply tank (3), aqueduct (2), electron flowmeter (7), aqueduct (2) are connected with the sample cabin and are connected with the sample cabin, the lower extreme funnel of supply tank (3) connects aqueduct (2) downwardly extending and connect sample cabin (10) upper end overflow mouth (22), be equipped with digital solenoid valve (6), the electron flowmeter (7) that link to each other with the computer on aqueduct (2) respectively, aqueduct (2) are connected with a plurality of sample cabins (10) in below through many logical devices (8) that lead to more, set up manual valve (9) between many logical devices (8) and sample cabin (10) that lead to more.
2. The leaching system to migration of undisturbed loess water salt and element filtration process monitoring of claim 1, characterized in that, the system includes data real-time collection, processing system, data real-time collection, processing system are including surveying original paper, sensor original paper, computer processor, survey original paper transmission electric signal to sensor original paper, sensor original paper received signal and transmit to computer processor.
3. The leaching system for monitoring the undisturbed loess water salt migration and element filtration process as claimed in claim 2, wherein the detection elements comprise water salt sensor probes (29), ion composite electrode probes (15) and an X-ray fluorescence system, the water salt sensor probes (29) are arranged at different heights of the soil column and are connected with the water salt sensor port (24) through the water salt sensor (12); the ion composite electrode probe (15) is placed in the filtrate tank (14) and is connected with an ion detection sensor port (25) through an ion detection sensor (13).
4. The leaching system for monitoring the undisturbed loess water salt migration and element filtration process as claimed in claim 3, wherein the X-ray fluorescence system is arranged at different heights of the soil column and comprises an X-ray fluorescence system device frame (23), a radiation-proof shell (30), an X-ray emission source and detector (31), an amplifier (32) and a multichannel pulse analyzer (33), and the X-ray fluorescence system is connected with the X-ray fluorescence system sensor port (26) through an X-ray fluorescence system external sensor port (34).
5. The use method of the leaching system for monitoring the undisturbed loess water salt migration and element filtration process as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, wherein the longitudinal migration process of water salt and element in the leaching process of the system comprises the following steps:
step 1: after preparing an original-state soil column according to the inner diameter of the sample cabin (10) and the interval of upper and lower permeable stones in the sample cabin, horizontally placing a half of circular arc-shaped mold (42), and pushing the original-state soil column into the mold from the lower end of the original-state soil column; attaching filter paper to the upper side and the lower side of the undisturbed soil column, then slowly pushing the permeable stone into the circular arc groove (43), and closing the other circular arc mold (42);
step 2, erecting the closed sample cabin (10), determining the number and the positions of the hoops (11) according to the height of the soil column, sleeving the hoops (11) outside the sample cabin (10) and screwing the hoops with bolts; pouring the prepared leaching solution into a circulating box (16);
and step 3: after a water and salt sensor probe (29) is debugged, the water and salt sensor probe is slowly inserted into an undisturbed soil column along a circular hole (44) on the surface of a sample cabin, vaseline is used for coating a gap between the probe and the hole, the ion composite electrode probe (15) is debugged and then is placed into a filtrate box (14), whether an X-ray fluorescence system can normally operate is checked, and then all components are installed on an X-ray fluorescence system device frame (23) behind the sample cabin (10);
and 4, step 4: after the detection devices are installed, the detection devices are sequentially connected with respective sensors, and then the sensors are connected with corresponding ports of a computer processor; the digital electromagnetic valve (6) and the electronic flowmeter (7) are connected with corresponding ports of the computer processor;
and 5: switching on a power supply, turning on the water pumps 1 and 2, and automatically closing the water pump (21) when the liquid level in the liquid supply tank (3) reaches the first liquid level point (4) to finish the water supply operation from the circulating tank (16) to the liquid supply tank (3);
and 6: initial flow, sampling interval and leaching time are set by test matching software in a computer processor, then a digital electromagnetic valve (6) starts to work, the flow of a water guide pipe (2) below a liquid supply box (3) is controlled, and real-time feedback is carried out by an electronic flowmeter (7); after the design value of the flow is equal to the measured value, opening a manual valve (9), and simultaneously clicking 'start test' in software, wherein the software starts timing from the moment; completing data acquisition work within the set leaching time and sampling interval, and feeding back the data to a computer in time to display a terminal of the computer; and after the set leaching time is reached, the computer processor controls the digital electromagnetic valve (6) to stop running, and the leaching test is finished.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010542629.4A CN111650232B (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2020-06-15 | Leaching system for monitoring undisturbed loess water salt migration and element filtration process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| CN106018747A (en) * | 2016-06-25 | 2016-10-12 | 西安科技大学 | Coal gangue leachate infiltration soil column simulation system and characteristic parameter determination method |
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| 地下水中铵态氮的迁移转化过程;智建辉等;《城市环境与城市生态》;20101220(第06期);全文 * |
| 潍北平原土壤盐渍化特征及其影响因素;刘宏伟等;《中国农村水利水电》;20181215(第12期);全文 * |
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