CN111648803B - Anchor cable self-drilling and rapid anchoring construction method based on water jet technology - Google Patents
Anchor cable self-drilling and rapid anchoring construction method based on water jet technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN111648803B CN111648803B CN202010403657.8A CN202010403657A CN111648803B CN 111648803 B CN111648803 B CN 111648803B CN 202010403657 A CN202010403657 A CN 202010403657A CN 111648803 B CN111648803 B CN 111648803B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
- E21B15/04—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts specially adapted for directional drilling, e.g. slant hole rigs
- E21B15/045—Hydraulic, pneumatic or electric circuits for their positioning
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
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Abstract
The anchor cable self-drilling and rapid anchoring construction method based on the water jet technology comprises the following steps: adjusting the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism to enable the hollow anchor cable to face a preset drilling direction; connecting a water jet generating device with the rear end of the hollow anchor cable; starting the water jet generating device and the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism to perform drilling operation; after the drilling operation is finished; the rear end of the hollow anchor cable is coaxially connected with a rigid pipe, and the rigid pipe is installed on the drilling mechanism with the adjustable angle; connecting a discharge hole of the anchoring agent feeding device with the rear end of the rigid pipe; and starting the anchoring agent feeding device and the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism to perform shape-advancing anchoring operation on the hollow anchor cable in the drilled hole. The invention has the advantages of no heat generation, no spark, no dust, safety and low noise in the drilling process, saves the working procedures of drilling and retreating the drill rod, is simple to operate and is easy to realize automatic control. The anchoring agent is blown into the inner hole of the hollow anchor cable, so that the problem that the anchoring agent of the explosive cartridge is difficult to feed is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral engineering, and particularly relates to an anchor cable self-drilling and rapid anchoring construction method based on a water jet technology.
Background
Anchor cable support is a common support technology in mining engineering, geotechnical engineering, underground engineering and the like. The anchor cable has long length and wide anchoring range, is matched with anchor rod support for use, and becomes the most main support mode of coal mine roadways in China.
Anchor rope length varies from 3~4 meters to ten meters, and the anchor rope length is used commonly in the colliery about 6~10m, and current work progress is: an anchor cable drilling machine is used for drilling, the length of a drill rod is generally 1m, so that 6-10 drill rods are needed to complete drilling construction, and then the drill rods are withdrawn one by one; the anchor agent is fed into the drilled hole by using an anchor rope, the anchoring length of the anchor rope is about 2m generally, the number of used anchor agent rolls is 4-6, the anchor agent cannot be fed into the drilled hole at one time, and the anchor agent needs to be fed into the drilled hole in multiple times; and finally, rotating the anchor cable to stir the anchoring agent to complete anchoring and bonding, and then additionally installing a tray and a lock to complete anchoring. The construction time of a single anchor cable is about 20-30 minutes. When the coal rock mass in the anchoring area is broken or has high stress, after the anchor cable drilling construction is finished and the drill rod is withdrawn, the drill hole can deform or even collapse, so that the anchoring agent and the anchor cable are difficult to feed into waste holes. Therefore, the anchor cable has the main defects of multiple anchor cable construction procedures, long time, easy hole collapse and the like in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the anchor cable self-drilling and quick anchoring construction method based on the water jet technology, which is environment-friendly, safe, easy to operate and high in construction efficiency.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the anchor cable self-drilling and quick anchoring construction method based on the water jet technology comprises the following steps,
(1) the method comprises the following steps that an angle-adjustable drilling mechanism is arranged on the rear side of a specified anchor cable support construction site, and a water jet generating device and an anchoring agent feeding device are arranged on the rear side of the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism;
(2) installing a high-pressure spray head at the front end of the hollow anchor cable;
(3) mounting the hollow anchor cable on an angle-adjustable drilling mechanism;
(4) adjusting the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism to enable the hollow anchor cable to face a preset drilling direction, and then positioning the angle of the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism;
(5) connecting a water outlet of a water outlet pipe of the water jet generation device with the rear end of the hollow anchor cable through a first high-pressure rotary sealing joint;
(6) starting the water jet generating device and the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism to drill the coal rock wall on the front side;
(7) when a section of water jet generating device and the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism are closed until a hole outside the drilled hole is reserved at the rear end of the hollow anchor cable, and the first high-pressure rotary sealing joint is disassembled;
(8) the rear end of the hollow anchor cable is coaxially connected with a rigid pipe, and the rigid pipe is installed on the drilling mechanism with the adjustable angle;
(9) connecting a discharge hole of the anchoring agent feeding device with the rear end of the rigid pipe through a second high-pressure rotary sealing joint;
(10) starting an anchoring agent feeding device and an angle-adjustable drilling mechanism to perform shape-advancing anchoring operation on the hollow anchor cable in the drilled hole;
(11) after the anchoring agent overflows from the orifice of the drilled hole, closing the anchoring agent feeding device and the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism;
(12) and injecting a certain amount of anchoring agent, stirring and mixing under the rotation of the hollow anchor cable, mounting an anchor cable tray and a rigging at the rear end part of the hollow anchor cable, pre-tightening the hollow anchor cable, and finishing the anchoring construction operation of the hollow anchor cable.
The angle-adjustable drilling mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder which is vertically arranged, a fixing support is arranged at the lower end of a cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder, a positioning frame is arranged at the upper end of a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, a fixing shaft is horizontally arranged on the left side of the upper portion of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder along the front and back directions, a rectangular frame is connected to the fixing shaft in a rotating mode, a slide way and an air cylinder are arranged on the rectangular frame along the front and back directions, a slide plate is arranged on the slide way in a sliding mode, an anchor cable clamping and rotating mechanism is arranged on the rear side of the slide way, the air cylinder is located below the slide way, the rear end of the air cylinder is hinged to the lower portion of the rear side of the rectangular frame, the front end of the air cylinder is connected with the bottom of the slide plate through a connecting seat, a vertical plate is fixedly arranged on the left side of the upper portion of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder, the fixing shaft vertically penetrates through the vertical plate, an arc guide hole which takes the fixing shaft as a central line is vertically arranged on the vertical plate, a positioning bolt is arranged on the right side portion of the rectangular frame, and the positioning bolt penetrates through the arc guide hole and is matched in a nut vertical plate in a compression joint mode; the upper part of the rear side of the rectangular frame is provided with an anchor cable rotary guide clamp which corresponds to the front and the back of the anchor cable clamping rotary mechanism;
the riser is semi-circular structure, the straight line section limit of riser vertical setting and with the cylinder body fixed connection of pneumatic cylinder, the arc guide hole is located the rear side of pneumatic cylinder, the riser right flank is equipped with the angle scale along the length direction of arc guide hole, 0 scale of angle scale is located the mid point department of arc guide hole.
The water jet generating device comprises a water bucket or a mortar mixing bucket, a water pumping pipe, a water outlet pipe and a high-pressure clean water pump or a mortar pump, wherein the inlet of the water pumping pipe extends to the position below the liquid level of the water bucket or the mortar mixing bucket, the outlet of the water pumping pipe is connected with the inlet of the high-pressure clean water pump or the mortar pump, and the outlet of the high-pressure clean water pump or the mortar pump is connected with the inlet of the water outlet pipe.
High pressure nozzle includes shower nozzle body and adapter sleeve, the hole of adapter sleeve includes the first internal thread hole of front side and the second internal thread hole of rear side, the aperture in first internal thread hole is less than the aperture in second internal thread hole, the front end of cavity anchor rope stretches into and threaded connection is downthehole to the second internal thread, shower nozzle body excircle is provided with the external screw thread, the excircle of shower nozzle body stretches into and threaded connection is downthehole at first internal thread, this internal front side of shower nozzle is equipped with the jet orifice of two centrosymmetries, the hole of crossing that corresponds with the centre bore of cavity anchor rope is seted up in the inside rear side center department of shower nozzle body, the connecting hole that radially seted up is passed through to the rear end of two jet orifices and is crossed the water hole intercommunication, interior hexagonal groove has been seted up at shower nozzle body front side middle part.
The anchoring agent feeding device comprises an anchoring agent A material containing barrel, an anchoring agent B material containing barrel, a compressed air pipeline, a first air inlet pipe, a second air inlet pipe, a first discharging pipe, a second discharging pipe and a material mixing discharging pipe, the inlets of the first air inlet pipe and the second air inlet pipe are connected with the outlet of the compressed air pipeline, the outlet of the first air inlet pipe is connected with the top of the anchoring agent A material containing barrel, the outlet of the second air inlet pipe is connected with the top of the anchoring agent B material containing barrel, the inlet of the first discharging pipe is connected with the lower portion of the anchoring agent A material containing barrel, the inlet of the second discharging pipe is connected with the lower portion of the anchoring agent B material containing barrel, the outlet of the first discharging pipe and the outlet of the second discharging pipe are simultaneously connected with the inlets of the material mixing discharging pipes, a regulating valve is arranged on the material mixing discharging pipes, and the anchoring agent A material containing barrel and the anchoring agent B material containing barrel are of a cylindrical barrel structure.
And (3) installing the hollow anchor cable on the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism in the step (3), namely, enabling the hollow anchor cable to penetrate through the anchor cable clamping rotary mechanism from back to front, then penetrate through the anchor cable rotary guide clamp and be clamped by the anchor cable clamping rotary mechanism and the anchor cable rotary guide clamp simultaneously, wherein the anchor cable clamping rotary mechanism adopts a pneumatic or hydraulic motor to drive the hollow anchor cable to rotate through the gear transmission mechanism.
The concrete process of the step (4) is that the hydraulic cylinder is started, a piston cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder extends upwards, the positioning frame supports and presses a roadway top plate, the position of the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism is fixed, nuts on the front side positioning bolt and the rear side positioning bolt are unscrewed, the rectangular frame is rotated, the rectangular frame rotates by taking the fixed shaft as a central line, the positioning bolt moves in the arc-shaped guide hole, the drilling direction is determined through the scales on the angle scale, and then the two nuts are screwed down to position the rectangular frame.
The concrete process of the step (6) is that a high-pressure clean water pump or a mortar pump, an anchor rope clamping and rotating mechanism and a cylinder are started, the high-pressure clean water pump or the mortar pump pumps clean water or abrasive water in a water bucket or a mortar stirring bucket to be conveyed forwards to a high-pressure spray head through a hollow anchor rope, the clean water or the abrasive water is sprayed forwards through two spray holes on the high-pressure spray head to form water jet flow capable of breaking rock, the cylinder pushes a sliding plate and the anchor rope clamping and rotating mechanism to move forwards along a slide way, the hollow anchor rope rotates at a certain speed while moving forwards, the water jet flow sprayed forwards through the two spray holes performs high-pressure hydraulic drilling on the coal rock wall, coal scraps and rock scraps flow out from an orifice through annular reduction between a drill hole and the hollow anchor rope, when the extending stroke of a piston rod of the cylinder reaches the maximum, the cylinder stops extending, the anchor rope clamping and rotating mechanism loosens the hollow anchor rope, and the anchor rope is rotated and guided by a clamp to clamp the hollow anchor rope, the piston rod of the air cylinder contracts to drive the sliding plate and the anchor cable clamping and rotating mechanism to move backwards, when the hollow anchor cable is moved backwards to an initial position, the anchor cable clamping and rotating mechanism clamps the hollow anchor cable, the anchor cable rotating and guiding clamp loosens the hollow anchor cable, then the air cylinder drives the sliding plate to move forwards, the anchor cable clamping and rotating mechanism drives the hollow anchor cable to rotate, the high-pressure nozzle at the front end of the hollow anchor cable sprays high-pressure water jet to perform hydraulic cutting operation on the coal rock wall, when the extending stroke of the piston rod of the air cylinder reaches the maximum, the piston rod of the air cylinder retracts again, the operation is circulated for multiple times until most of the hollow anchor cable enters a drilled hole, and the high-pressure clean water pump or the mortar pump, the air cylinder and the anchor cable clamping and rotating mechanism are closed after the length of the hollow anchor cable outside the drilled hole reaches 10-15 cm.
The concrete process of the step (10) is that high-pressure air in a coal mine is used as a compressed air pipeline, the high-pressure air in the compressed air pipeline respectively presses anchoring agents in an anchoring agent A material containing barrel and an anchoring agent B material containing barrel through a first air inlet pipe and a second air inlet pipe, the anchoring agent A material enters a material mixing discharging pipe through a first discharging pipe, the anchoring agent B material enters a material mixing discharging pipe through a second discharging pipe, the anchoring agent A material and the anchoring agent B material forward enter a high-pressure nozzle through the material mixing discharging pipe and a hollow anchor rope and are sprayed out through two spraying holes on the high-pressure nozzle, the flowing anchoring agent flows outwards along an annular gap between the outer wall of the hollow anchor rope and the inner wall of the drill hole at the hole bottom of the drill hole, and the anchoring agent A material and the anchoring agent B material fill the annular gap, in the anchoring agent injection process, the anchor cable clamping and rotating mechanism drives the rigid pipe and the hollow anchor cable to rotate, so that the anchoring agent A material and the anchoring agent B material are mixed more uniformly in the drill hole; the proportion of the section sizes of the holding barrel of the anchoring agent A and the holding barrel of the anchoring agent B is equal to the proportion of the anchoring agent A and the anchoring agent B, and under the action of the same air pressure, the discharge flow rates of the anchoring agent A and the anchoring agent B are injected into the drill hole according to the set proportion.
By adopting the technical scheme, pure water jet flow or abrasive water jet flow is selected according to the strength and lithology of the coal and rock body anchored by the specific anchor cable, the pure water jet flow is used for the coal or weak rock body, and the high-pressure clean water pump is directly used as power; the medium-hard or hard rock mass uses abrasive water jet and uses a mortar pump as power.
The water jet generating device can generate high-pressure water jet or high-pressure abrasive water jet, the high-pressure water jet or the high-pressure abrasive water jet is conveyed to the hollow anchor rope through a pipeline and is sprayed out from the high-pressure spray head through the inner hole of the hollow anchor rope, the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism taking two hydraulic columns (hydraulic cylinders) as main bodies can firstly adjust and fix the drilling direction, the hollow anchor rope is driven to rotate and push forwards, and the high-pressure water jet sprayed out from the high-pressure spray head can realize the rotary rock breaking of the coal rock mass, so that the self drilling of the hollow anchor rope is realized. After the hollow anchor cable is drilled, the material A of the anchoring agent and the material B of the anchoring agent are pressed and conveyed into an inner hole of the hollow anchor cable by utilizing an underground compressed air pipeline and flow out through a high-pressure spray head to fill the inner wall of a drilled hole of the anchoring section and the gap between the hollow anchor cable, and the hollow anchor cable continuously rotates to stir and mix the material A of the anchoring agent and the material B of the anchoring agent, so that the quick anchoring of the hollow anchor cable is realized. The method realizes the self-drilling and the quick anchoring of the hollow anchor cable, simplifies the complex procedures of drilling rod subsection drilling, subsection withdrawal of the drilling rod, pushing in the anchoring agent (secondary pushing is needed if necessary), anchor cable anchoring and the like in the existing anchor cable construction into three procedures of anchor cable self-drilling, anchoring agent blowing in and anchor cable anchoring, reduces the links of drilling rod subsection drilling, subsection withdrawal and anchoring agent pushing, greatly saves the anchor cable construction time and improves the construction efficiency; in the area of coal rock mass crushing, after the drill rod is withdrawn, the drill hole is often deformed or collapsed, so that the anchoring agent and the anchor cable are difficult to enter and even directly become waste holes, and the anchor cable self-drilling method thoroughly solves the problem of collapse; in addition, the water jet drilling needs small flow, a pneumatic pump can be arranged, the operation and the movement are convenient, no heat is generated in the drilling process, no dust is generated, the noise is low, the use is safe, the application prospect is good, and the anchor cable drilling tool is particularly suitable for anchor cable construction in coal rock crushing areas.
In summary, the present invention has the following technical effects:
(1) the water jet technology used in the invention belongs to the cold cutting technology, and the drilling process has no heat generation, no spark, no dust, intrinsically safe and low noise, and is particularly suitable for the underground environment of the coal mine.
(2) The invention saves the working procedures of drilling and retreating the drill rod, has simple operation and easy realization of automatic control, is provided with a high-flow high-pressure pump, can realize simultaneous construction of a plurality of anchor cables by connecting a plurality of branch pipelines, and greatly improves the construction efficiency.
(3) The anchor cable drilling tool adopts the hollow anchor cable as a drilling tool, and the anchor cable drilling tool drills and pushes the anchor cable to the bottom of a hole at one time without a link of retreating a drill rod or retreating the anchor cable, is supported by the anchor cable all the time after drilling and forming, is not influenced by deformation and collapse of the drilled hole, and is particularly suitable for anchor cable construction in a coal rock mass crushing area.
(4) The anchoring agent is insufflated from the inner hole of the hollow anchor cable, so that the problem that the anchoring agent of the cartridge is difficult to feed is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention in a self-drilling operation;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the present invention in a configuration where an anchoring agent is blown into a borehole;
fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the high pressure showerhead of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the anchor cable self-drilling and rapid anchoring construction method based on water jet technology of the invention comprises the following steps,
(1) the method comprises the following steps that an angle-adjustable drilling mechanism is arranged on the rear side of a specified anchor cable support construction site, and a water jet generating device and an anchoring agent feeding device are arranged on the rear side of the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism;
(2) the front end of the hollow anchor cable 1 is provided with a high-pressure nozzle 38;
(3) mounting the hollow anchor cable 1 on an angle-adjustable drilling mechanism;
(4) adjusting the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism to enable the hollow anchor cable 1 to face a preset drilling direction, and then positioning the angle of the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism;
(5) connecting a water outlet of a water outlet pipe of the water jet generation device with the rear end of the hollow anchor cable 1 through a first high-pressure rotary sealing joint 2;
(6) starting the water jet generating device and the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism to drill the coal rock wall 3 on the front side;
(7) when a section of water jet generating device and the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism are closed until a hole outside the drilled hole is reserved at the rear end of the hollow anchor cable 1, and the first high-pressure rotary sealing joint 2 is disassembled;
(8) the rear end of the hollow anchor cable 1 is coaxially connected with a rigid pipe 4, and the rigid pipe 4 is installed on an angle-adjustable drilling mechanism;
(9) connecting a discharge hole of the anchoring agent feeding device with the rear end of the rigid pipe 4 through a second high-pressure rotary sealing joint 5;
(10) starting an anchoring agent feeding device and an angle-adjustable drilling mechanism to perform shape-advancing anchoring operation on the hollow anchor cable 1 in the drilled hole;
(11) injecting a certain amount of anchoring agent, stirring and mixing under the rotation of the hollow anchor cable 1, and then closing the anchoring agent feeding device and the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism;
(12) after the anchoring agent is solidified, an anchor cable tray and a rigging are installed at the rear end part of the hollow anchor cable 1, the hollow anchor cable 1 is pre-tightened, and anchoring construction operation of the hollow anchor cable 1 is completed.
The angle-adjustable drilling mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder 6 which is vertically arranged, a fixed support 7 is arranged at the lower end of a cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 6, a positioning frame 8 is arranged at the upper end of a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 6, a fixed shaft 9 is arranged on the left side of the upper portion of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 6 along the front-back horizontal direction, a rectangular frame 10 is connected to the fixed shaft 9 in a rotating mode, a slide rail 11 and an air cylinder 12 are arranged on the rectangular frame 10 along the front-back direction, a slide plate 13 is arranged on the slide rail 11 in a sliding mode, an anchor cable clamping and rotating mechanism 14 is arranged on the rear side of the slide plate 13, the air cylinder 12 is located below the slide rail 11, the rear end of the air cylinder 12 is hinged to the lower portion of the rear side of the rectangular frame 10, the front end of the air cylinder 12 is connected with the bottom of the slide plate 13 through a connecting seat, a vertical plate 15 is fixedly arranged on the left side of the upper portion of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 6, the fixed shaft 9 vertically penetrates through the vertical plate 15, the vertical plate 15 is vertically arranged and parallel to the slide rail 11, an arc-shaped guide hole 16 taking the fixed shaft 9 as a central line is formed on the vertical plate 15, a positioning bolt 17 is fixedly arranged at the right side part of the rectangular frame 10, and the right end of the positioning bolt 17 passes through the arc-shaped guide hole 16 on the vertical plate 15 and is in compression joint with the vertical plate 15 through a nut 18; the upper part of the rear side of the rectangular frame 10 is provided with an anchor cable rotary guide clamp 19 which corresponds to the anchor cable clamping rotary mechanism 14 in the front-rear direction;
the vertical plate 15 is of a semicircular structure, the straight line section edge of the vertical plate 15 is vertically arranged and fixedly connected with the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 6, the arc-shaped guide hole 16 is located at the rear side of the hydraulic cylinder 6, the front side surface of the front vertical plate 15 and the rear side surface of the rear vertical plate 15 are both provided with an angle graduated scale along the length direction of the arc-shaped guide hole 16, and the 0 scale of the angle graduated scale is located at the middle point of the arc-shaped guide hole 16.
The water jet generating device comprises a water bucket or mortar mixing bucket 20, a water pumping pipe 21, a water outlet pipe 22 and a high-pressure clean water pump or mortar pump 23, wherein the inlet of the water pumping pipe 21 extends to the position below the liquid level of the water bucket or mortar mixing bucket 20, the outlet of the water pumping pipe 21 is connected with the inlet of the high-pressure clean water pump or mortar pump 23, and the outlet of the high-pressure clean water pump or mortar pump 23 is connected with the inlet of the water outlet pipe 22.
The high-pressure sprayer 38 comprises a sprayer body 24 and a connecting sleeve 25, an inner hole of the connecting sleeve 25 comprises a first internal threaded hole on the front side and a second internal threaded hole on the rear side, the aperture of the first internal threaded hole is smaller than that of the second internal threaded hole, the front end of the hollow anchor cable 1 stretches into and is in threaded connection with the second internal threaded hole, an external thread is arranged on the outer circle of the sprayer body 24, the outer circle of the sprayer body 24 stretches into and is in threaded connection with the first internal threaded hole, two centrosymmetric spray holes 26 are arranged on the front side in the sprayer body 24, a water passing hole 27 corresponding to a central hole of the hollow anchor cable 1 is formed in the center of the inner rear side of the sprayer body 24, the rear ends of the two spray holes 26 are communicated with the water passing hole 27 through connecting holes 28 formed in the radial direction, and an inner hexagonal groove 29 is formed in the middle of the front side of the sprayer body 24. The inner hexagonal groove 29 is used for driving the nozzle body 24 to screw into or out of the first inner threaded hole by using a hexagonal prism wrench.
The anchoring agent feeding device comprises an anchoring agent A material containing barrel 30, an anchoring agent B material containing barrel 31, a compressed air pipeline 32, a first air inlet pipe 33, a second air inlet pipe 34, a first discharge pipe 35, a second discharge pipe 36 and a material mixing discharge pipe 37, the import of first intake pipe 33 and second intake pipe 34 all with the exit linkage of compressed air pipeline 32, the export of first intake pipe 33 is connected with the top of anchoring agent A material splendid attire bucket 30, the export of second intake pipe 34 is connected with the top of anchoring agent B material splendid attire bucket 31, the import of first discharging pipe 35 and the sub-unit connection of anchoring agent A material splendid attire bucket 30, the import of second discharging pipe 36 and the sub-unit connection of anchoring agent B material splendid attire bucket 31, the export of first discharging pipe 35 and the export of second discharging pipe 36 are simultaneously with the access connection of compounding discharging pipe 37, be equipped with governing valve 39 on the compounding discharging pipe 37, anchoring agent A material splendid attire bucket 30 and anchoring agent B material splendid attire bucket 31 are cylindrical tubbiness structure.
The step (3) of installing the hollow anchor cable 1 on the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism is to specifically pass the hollow anchor cable 1 through the anchor cable clamping and rotating mechanism 14 from back to front, then pass through the anchor cable rotating and guiding clamp 19, and be clamped by the anchor cable clamping and rotating mechanism 14 and the anchor cable rotating and guiding clamp 19 at the same time, wherein the anchor cable clamping and rotating mechanism 14 adopts a pneumatic or hydraulic motor to drive the hollow anchor cable 1 to rotate through a gear transmission mechanism.
The concrete process of the step (4) is that the hydraulic cylinder 6 is started, a piston cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder 6 extends upwards, the positioning frame 8 presses a roadway top plate, the position of the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism is fixed, then the nuts 18 on the front side positioning bolt 17 and the rear side positioning bolt 17 are unscrewed, the rectangular frame 10 is rotated, the rectangular frame 10 rotates by taking the fixed shaft 9 as a central line, the positioning bolt 17 moves in the arc-shaped guide hole 16, the drilling direction is determined through the scales on the angle scale, and then the two nuts 18 are screwed down to position the rectangular frame 10.
The concrete process of the step (6) is that a high-pressure clean water pump or a mortar pump 23, an anchor rope clamping and rotating mechanism 14 and a cylinder 12 are started, the high-pressure clean water pump or the mortar pump 23 pumps clean water or abrasive water in a water bucket or a mortar stirring bucket 20 out and conveys the clean water or the abrasive water forwards to a high-pressure spray head 38 through a hollow anchor rope 1, the clean water or the abrasive water is sprayed forwards through two spray holes 26 on the high-pressure spray head 38 to form a water jet capable of breaking rock, the cylinder 12 pushes a sliding plate 13 and the anchor rope clamping and rotating mechanism 14 to move forwards along a slideway, the hollow anchor rope 1 rotates at a certain speed while moving forwards, the water jet sprayed forwards by the two spray holes 26 performs high-pressure hydraulic drilling on a coal rock wall 3, coal scraps and rock scraps flow out from an orifice through annular reduction between the drilling hole and the hollow anchor rope 1, when the extending stroke of a piston rod of the cylinder 12 reaches the maximum, the cylinder 12 stops extending, the anchor rope clamping and rotating mechanism 14 loosens the hollow anchor rope 1, the anchor cable rotary guiding clamp 19 clamps the hollow anchor cable 1, the piston rod of the air cylinder 12 contracts to drive the sliding plate 13 and the anchor cable clamping rotary mechanism 14 to move backwards, when the sliding plate and the anchor cable clamping rotary mechanism 14 move backwards to the initial position, the cable clamping and rotating mechanism 14 clamps the hollow cable 1, the cable rotating and guiding clamp 19 loosens the hollow cable 1, then the process that the air cylinder 12 drives the sliding plate 13 to move forwards, the anchor cable clamping and rotating mechanism 14 drives the hollow anchor cable 1 to rotate, and the high-pressure spray nozzle 38 at the front end of the hollow anchor cable 1 sprays high-pressure water jet to perform hydraulic cutting operation on the coal rock wall 3 is repeated, when the extending stroke of the piston rod of the air cylinder 12 reaches the maximum, the piston rod of the air cylinder 12 retracts, and performing the circulation operation for many times until most of the hollow anchor cable 1 enters the drilled hole, and closing the high-pressure clean water pump or mortar pump 23, the air cylinder 12 and the anchor cable clamping and rotating mechanism 14 after the hollow anchor cable 1 outside the drilled hole is 10-15cm in length.
The concrete process of the step (10) is that the compressed air pipeline 32 uses high-pressure air in the underground of a coal mine, the high-pressure air in the compressed air pipeline 32 respectively presses the anchoring agent in the anchoring agent A material containing barrel 30 and the anchoring agent B material containing barrel 31 through a first air inlet pipe 33 and a second air inlet pipe 34, the anchoring agent A material enters a material mixing discharging pipe 37 through a first discharging pipe 35, the anchoring agent B material enters the material mixing discharging pipe 37 through a second discharging pipe 36, the anchoring agent A material and the anchoring agent B material enter a high-pressure nozzle 38 forward through the material mixing discharging pipe 37 and the hollow anchor rope 1 and are sprayed out through two spraying holes 26 on the high-pressure nozzle 38, the flowing anchoring agent flows outwards along an annular gap between the outer wall of the hollow anchor rope 1 and the inner wall of the drill hole at the hole bottom of the drill hole, the annular gap is filled by the anchoring agent A material and the anchoring agent B material, and in the process of injecting the anchoring agent, the anchor rope clamping and rotating mechanism 14 drives the rigid pipe 4 and the hollow anchor rope 1 to rotate, so that the anchoring agent A material and the anchoring agent B material are mixed more uniformly in the drill hole; the proportion of the section sizes of the anchoring agent A material containing barrel 30 and the anchoring agent B material containing barrel 31 is equal to the proportion of the anchoring agent A material and the anchoring agent B material, and under the action of the same air pressure, the discharging flow rates of the anchoring agent A material and the anchoring agent B material are proportionally injected into the drilled hole.
The first high-pressure rotary sealing joint 2, the second high-pressure rotary sealing joint 5, the anchor cable clamping and rotating mechanism 14, the anchor cable rotary guiding clamp 19, the high-pressure clean water pump, the mortar pump, the air cylinder 12 and the hydraulic cylinder 6 are all in the prior art and can be purchased in the market, and the specific construction is not repeated.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The anchor cable self-drilling and rapid anchoring construction method based on the water jet technology is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
(1) the method comprises the following steps that an angle-adjustable drilling mechanism is arranged on the rear side of a specified anchor cable support construction site, and a water jet generating device and an anchoring agent feeding device are arranged on the rear side of the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism;
(2) installing a high-pressure spray head at the front end of the hollow anchor cable;
(3) mounting the hollow anchor cable on an angle-adjustable drilling mechanism;
(4) adjusting the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism to enable the hollow anchor cable to face a preset drilling direction, and then positioning the angle of the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism;
(5) connecting a water outlet of a water outlet pipe of the water jet generation device with the rear end of the hollow anchor cable through a first high-pressure rotary sealing joint;
(6) starting the water jet generating device and the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism to drill the coal rock wall on the front side;
(7) when a section of water jet generating device and the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism are closed until a hole outside the drilled hole is reserved at the rear end of the hollow anchor cable, and the first high-pressure rotary sealing joint is disassembled;
(8) the rear end of the hollow anchor cable is coaxially connected with a rigid pipe, and the rigid pipe is installed on the drilling mechanism with the adjustable angle;
(9) connecting a discharge hole of the anchoring agent feeding device with the rear end of the rigid pipe through a second high-pressure rotary sealing joint;
(10) starting an anchoring agent feeding device and an angle-adjustable drilling mechanism to perform shape-advancing anchoring operation on the hollow anchor cable in the drilled hole;
(11) after the anchoring agent overflows from the orifice of the drilled hole, closing the anchoring agent feeding device and the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism;
(12) injecting a certain amount of anchoring agent, stirring and mixing under the rotation of the hollow anchor cable, mounting an anchor cable tray and a rigging at the rear end part of the hollow anchor cable, pre-tightening the hollow anchor cable, and finishing the anchoring construction operation of the hollow anchor cable;
the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder which is vertically arranged, a fixing support is arranged at the lower end of a cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder, a positioning frame is arranged at the upper end of a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, a fixing shaft is horizontally arranged on the left side of the upper portion of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder along the front and back directions, a rectangular frame is connected to the fixing shaft in a rotating mode, a slide way and an air cylinder are arranged on the rectangular frame along the front and back directions, a slide plate is arranged on the slide way in a sliding mode, an anchor cable clamping and rotating mechanism is arranged on the rear side of the slide way, the air cylinder is located below the slide way, the rear end of the air cylinder is hinged to the lower portion of the rear side of the rectangular frame, the front end of the air cylinder is connected with the bottom of the slide plate through a connecting seat, a vertical plate is fixedly arranged on the left side of the upper portion of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder, the fixing shaft vertically penetrates through the vertical plate, an arc guide hole which takes the fixing shaft as a central line is vertically arranged on the vertical plate, a positioning bolt is arranged on the right side portion of the rectangular frame, and the positioning bolt penetrates through the arc guide hole and is matched in a nut vertical plate in a compression joint mode; the upper part of the rear side of the rectangular frame is provided with an anchor cable rotary guide clamp which corresponds to the front and the back of the anchor cable clamping rotary mechanism;
the riser is semi-circular structure, the straight line section limit of riser vertical setting and with the cylinder body fixed connection of pneumatic cylinder, the arc guide hole is located the rear side of pneumatic cylinder, the riser right flank is equipped with the angle scale along the length direction of arc guide hole, 0 scale of angle scale is located the mid point department of arc guide hole.
2. The anchor cable self-drilling and rapid anchoring construction method based on the water jet technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water jet generating device comprises a water bucket or a mortar mixing bucket, a water pumping pipe, a water outlet pipe and a high-pressure clean water pump or a mortar pump, wherein the inlet of the water pumping pipe extends to the position below the liquid level of the water bucket or the mortar mixing bucket, the outlet of the water pumping pipe is connected with the inlet of the high-pressure clean water pump or the mortar pump, and the outlet of the high-pressure clean water pump or the mortar pump is connected with the inlet of the water outlet pipe.
3. The anchor cable self-drilling and rapid anchoring construction method based on the water jet technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein: high pressure nozzle includes shower nozzle body and adapter sleeve, the hole of adapter sleeve includes the first internal thread hole of front side and the second internal thread hole of rear side, the aperture in first internal thread hole is less than the aperture in second internal thread hole, the front end of cavity anchor rope stretches into and threaded connection is downthehole to the second internal thread, shower nozzle body excircle is provided with the external screw thread, the excircle of shower nozzle body stretches into and threaded connection is downthehole at first internal thread, this internal front side of shower nozzle is equipped with the jet orifice of two centrosymmetries, the hole of crossing that corresponds with the centre bore of cavity anchor rope is seted up in the inside rear side center department of shower nozzle body, the connecting hole that radially seted up is passed through to the rear end of two jet orifices and is crossed the water hole intercommunication, interior hexagonal groove has been seted up at shower nozzle body front side middle part.
4. The anchor cable self-drilling and rapid anchoring construction method based on the water jet technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the anchoring agent feeding device comprises an anchoring agent A material containing barrel, an anchoring agent B material containing barrel, a compressed air pipeline, a first air inlet pipe, a second air inlet pipe, a first discharging pipe, a second discharging pipe and a material mixing discharging pipe, the inlets of the first air inlet pipe and the second air inlet pipe are connected with the outlet of the compressed air pipeline, the outlet of the first air inlet pipe is connected with the top of the anchoring agent A material containing barrel, the outlet of the second air inlet pipe is connected with the top of the anchoring agent B material containing barrel, the inlet of the first discharging pipe is connected with the lower portion of the anchoring agent A material containing barrel, the inlet of the second discharging pipe is connected with the lower portion of the anchoring agent B material containing barrel, the outlet of the first discharging pipe and the outlet of the second discharging pipe are simultaneously connected with the inlets of the material mixing discharging pipes, a regulating valve is arranged on the material mixing discharging pipes, and the anchoring agent A material containing barrel and the anchoring agent B material containing barrel are of a cylindrical barrel structure.
5. The anchor cable self-drilling and rapid anchoring construction method based on the water jet technology as claimed in claim 4, wherein: and (3) installing the hollow anchor cable on the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism in the step (3), namely, enabling the hollow anchor cable to penetrate through the anchor cable clamping rotary mechanism from back to front, then penetrate through the anchor cable rotary guide clamp and be clamped by the anchor cable clamping rotary mechanism and the anchor cable rotary guide clamp simultaneously, wherein the anchor cable clamping rotary mechanism adopts a pneumatic or hydraulic motor to drive the hollow anchor cable to rotate through the gear transmission mechanism.
6. The anchor cable self-drilling and rapid anchoring construction method based on the water jet technology as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the concrete process of the step (4) is that the hydraulic cylinder is started, a piston cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder extends upwards, the positioning frame supports and presses a roadway top plate, the position of the angle-adjustable drilling mechanism is fixed, nuts on the front side positioning bolt and the rear side positioning bolt are unscrewed, the rectangular frame is rotated, the rectangular frame rotates by taking the fixed shaft as a central line, the positioning bolt moves in the arc-shaped guide hole, the drilling direction is determined through the scales on the angle scale, and then the two nuts are screwed down to position the rectangular frame.
7. The anchor cable self-drilling and rapid anchoring construction method based on the water jet technology as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the concrete process of the step (6) is that a high-pressure clean water pump or a mortar pump, an anchor rope clamping and rotating mechanism and a cylinder are started, the high-pressure clean water pump or the mortar pump pumps clean water or abrasive water in a water bucket or a mortar stirring bucket to be conveyed forwards to a high-pressure spray head through a hollow anchor rope, the clean water or the abrasive water is sprayed forwards through two spray holes on the high-pressure spray head to form water jet flow capable of breaking rock, the cylinder pushes a sliding plate and the anchor rope clamping and rotating mechanism to move forwards along a slide way, the hollow anchor rope rotates at a certain speed while moving forwards, the water jet flow sprayed forwards through the two spray holes performs high-pressure hydraulic drilling on the coal rock wall, coal scraps and rock scraps flow out from an orifice through annular reduction between a drill hole and the hollow anchor rope, when the extending stroke of a piston rod of the cylinder reaches the maximum, the cylinder stops extending, the anchor rope clamping and rotating mechanism loosens the hollow anchor rope, and the anchor rope is rotated and guided by a clamp to clamp the hollow anchor rope, the piston rod of the air cylinder contracts to drive the sliding plate and the anchor cable clamping and rotating mechanism to move backwards, when the hollow anchor cable is moved backwards to an initial position, the anchor cable clamping and rotating mechanism clamps the hollow anchor cable, the anchor cable rotating and guiding clamp loosens the hollow anchor cable, then the air cylinder drives the sliding plate to move forwards, the anchor cable clamping and rotating mechanism drives the hollow anchor cable to rotate, the high-pressure nozzle at the front end of the hollow anchor cable sprays high-pressure water jet to perform hydraulic cutting operation on the coal rock wall, when the extending stroke of the piston rod of the air cylinder reaches the maximum, the piston rod of the air cylinder retracts again, the operation is circulated for multiple times until most of the hollow anchor cable enters a drilled hole, and the high-pressure clean water pump or the mortar pump, the air cylinder and the anchor cable clamping and rotating mechanism are closed after the length of the hollow anchor cable outside the drilled hole reaches 10-15 cm.
8. The anchor cable self-drilling and rapid anchoring construction method based on the water jet technology as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the concrete process of the step (10) is that high-pressure air in a coal mine is used as a compressed air pipeline, the high-pressure air in the compressed air pipeline respectively presses anchoring agents in an anchoring agent A material containing barrel and an anchoring agent B material containing barrel through a first air inlet pipe and a second air inlet pipe, the anchoring agent A material enters a material mixing discharging pipe through a first discharging pipe, the anchoring agent B material enters a material mixing discharging pipe through a second discharging pipe, the anchoring agent A material and the anchoring agent B material forward enter a high-pressure nozzle through the material mixing discharging pipe and a hollow anchor rope and are sprayed out through two spraying holes on the high-pressure nozzle, the flowing anchoring agent flows outwards along an annular gap between the outer wall of the hollow anchor rope and the inner wall of the drill hole at the hole bottom of the drill hole, and the anchoring agent A material and the anchoring agent B material fill the annular gap, in the anchoring agent injection process, the anchor cable clamping and rotating mechanism drives the rigid pipe and the hollow anchor cable to rotate, so that the anchoring agent A material and the anchoring agent B material are mixed more uniformly in the drill hole; the proportion of the section sizes of the holding barrel of the anchoring agent A and the holding barrel of the anchoring agent B is equal to the proportion of the anchoring agent A and the anchoring agent B, and under the action of the same air pressure, the discharge flow rates of the anchoring agent A and the anchoring agent B are injected into the drill hole according to the set proportion.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010403657.8A CN111648803B (en) | 2020-05-13 | 2020-05-13 | Anchor cable self-drilling and rapid anchoring construction method based on water jet technology |
| AU2021271378A AU2021271378B2 (en) | 2020-05-13 | 2021-05-09 | Water jet technology-based anchor cable self-drilling and rapid anchoring construction method |
| PCT/CN2021/092531 WO2021228004A1 (en) | 2020-05-13 | 2021-05-09 | Water jet technology-based anchor cable self-drilling and rapid anchoring construction method |
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| CN202010403657.8A CN111648803B (en) | 2020-05-13 | 2020-05-13 | Anchor cable self-drilling and rapid anchoring construction method based on water jet technology |
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| CN111648803B true CN111648803B (en) | 2022-04-05 |
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| CN (1) | CN111648803B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111648803B (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2022-04-05 | 河南理工大学 | Anchor cable self-drilling and rapid anchoring construction method based on water jet technology |
| CN112160737B (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2023-03-10 | 河南理工大学 | Coal seam roof directional fracturing method based on hydraulic cutting technology |
| CN112664246B (en) * | 2020-12-19 | 2022-07-08 | 山东新升实业发展有限责任公司 | Rock anchor rod for advance support and construction method |
| CN112901078B (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2022-02-01 | 南京工业大学 | High-pressure water jet drilling equipment for construction of anchor rod in mine and construction method thereof |
| CN113175340B (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2023-06-20 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Anchoring agent anchoring system |
| CN113027501A (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2021-06-25 | 河南理工大学 | Self-drilling injection type anchor pipe anchoring device and method for coal mine |
| CN113202091B (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2022-01-04 | 南京工业大学 | Self-drilling anti-floating anchor rod device and construction method |
| CN113530585B (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2024-02-06 | 中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司 | Automatic drilling, anchor cable feeding and tensioning and fixedly connecting and cutting mechanism |
| CN114837573B (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-10-28 | 陕西中煤新能源有限公司 | Drill bit guiding and adjusting device and method |
| CN115258810B (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2024-02-09 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Reciprocating type tubular part conveying device for coal mine and control method |
| CN115653500B (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-03-07 | 陕西晖煌建筑劳务有限公司 | Traffic engineering construction drilling equipment |
| CN117646603B (en) * | 2024-01-30 | 2024-05-03 | 陕西路桥集团有限公司 | Drill bit guiding adjusting device and method for rock stratum drilling |
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| CN111648803A (en) | 2020-09-11 |
| AU2021271378B2 (en) | 2024-03-21 |
| AU2021271378A1 (en) | 2022-04-28 |
| WO2021228004A1 (en) | 2021-11-18 |
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