CN111644378B

CN111644378B - Crushed waste lithium ion battery electrode material screening device

Info

Publication number: CN111644378B
Application number: CN202010565128.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李扬; 彭程; 刘松利; 谢太平; 王健康; 刘凤玲; 段峰; 陈程; 肖娜薇
Original assignee: Yangtze Normal University
Current assignee: Dragon Totem Technology Hefei Co ltd; Hunan Jin Xin New Material Ltd By Share Ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-19
Filing date: 2020-06-19
Publication date: 2021-09-28
Anticipated expiration: 2040-06-19
Also published as: CN111644378A

Abstract

The invention discloses a crushed waste lithium ion battery electrode material screening device which comprises a shell, wherein a feeding port is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the shell, a horizontal screen is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell, a vibrating device is arranged below the screen, and corresponding discharging ports are respectively arranged on the shell above and below the screen; the casing is including the sorting cylinder of the straight tube-shape that is located the lower part, still including the overhead guard that is located the frustum form of upper end, wherein, can dismantle the connection between overhead guard and the sorting cylinder, and the pan feeding mouth sets up at the overhead guard middle part, and the sorting cylinder inner wall is provided with the screen cloth mounting structure who is used for installing the screen cloth, screen cloth mounting structure includes a horizontal installation at the inboard collar of casing, and the inboard concave screen cloth installation step that is formed with of collar upper surface, screen cloth detachably cooperation are installed in screen cloth installation step. The invention has the advantages of improving the screening effect of equipment, prolonging the service life of the screen, improving the convenience of replacing the screen and better improving the electrode recovery and treatment efficiency.

Description

Crushed waste lithium ion battery electrode material screening device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium battery recovery, in particular to a crushed screening device for waste lithium ion battery electrode materials.

Background

Nowadays, lithium ion batteries have been widely used in various devices and applications ranging from portable electronic products to electric vehicles. Particularly, with the popularization of new energy electric vehicles, the application of lithium batteries is more and more extensive. The core power component of the new energy automobile is the lithium ion battery, and the rejection standard of the new energy automobile for the lithium ion battery is that the battery capacity is lower than 80%, which means that the lithium ion battery needs to be replaced once in 3-5 years. If the scrapped lithium ion battery generated by the development of new energy automobile industry cannot be properly disposed, the environment can be greatly polluted, and rare metal resources such as cobalt, nickel and the like are greatly wasted. Therefore, the lithium ion battery has large recycling market space, and various recyclable materials such as cobalt, nickel and other rare metals in the waste lithium ion battery have high contents, so that the recycling value is huge.

There are many methods for recovering lithium ion batteries, but the major step is to disassemble the lithium ion battery first and separate the materials of the housing, the electrodes, the current collector and the electrolyte. Then, the materials of all parts are respectively treated in a centralized way for recycling. The electrode material contains a large amount of rare metals such as cobalt, nickel and the like, and has the highest recovery value, so that the electrode material is particularly important for the recovery and utilization of the electrode material.

In the prior art, the original waste electrode material needs to be firstly crushed by crushing equipment, then is screened by screening equipment to obtain electrode materials with different particle size ranges and uniform sizes, and then is treated by different metallurgical processes to realize effective separation and recovery of the anode and cathode materials of the lithium ion battery. The existing electrode screening equipment is simple in structure and generally comprises a shell, a feeding port is formed in the upper end of the shell, a screen is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell, a vibrating device is arranged below the screen, and corresponding discharge ports are formed in the upper shell and the lower shell of the screen. When the electrode material crusher is used, crushed electrode materials are poured onto the inner screen of the shell from the feeding port, the screen is driven to vibrate by the vibrating device, electrode particles meeting the particle size requirement are sieved, the electrode particles which do not meet the requirement are left on the screen, and then the electrode particles are taken out from the corresponding discharge ports respectively, and the electrode particles which do not meet the particle size requirement are crushed again.

The conventional electrode screening equipment and the screening mode thereof usually need multiple times of crushing and repeated screening to finish the treatment of a batch of original electrode materials, have low efficiency and higher cost, and mainly have the following defects: 1. when the device is used, the crushed waste lithium battery electrode materials are generally directly poured into the screen from a feeding port at the upper end of the shell for sorting, so that the materials basically fall on the middle part of the screen, the structural strength of the middle part of the screen is smaller than that of the edge part, the materials are often mixed with larger blocky materials due to incomplete electrode crushing, the electrode materials are usually higher in specific gravity, and the middle part of the screen is very easy to deform and damage under long-time impact. Among the existing equipment, the screen cloth relies on the fix with screw on the casing, and when the screen cloth damaged back, generally all through taking apart sorting facilities casing upper end part, then unscrewing the bolt between screen cloth and the casing, just can change the screen cloth memorability of damage, such change process not only difficulty but also efficiency is slower. The replacement of the screen greatly causes an increase in the cost of equipment and the cost of time. 2. The middle part at the screen cloth is fallen to useless lithium cell electrode material, causes the useless lithium cell electrode material after the breakage to push in the middle part of screen cloth easily to influence the efficiency and the effect of screening, screening effect is relatively poor then need repeat many times broken screening, further influenced electrode recovery treatment efficiency.

Therefore, how to improve the screening effect of the equipment, prolong the service life of the screen, and improve the convenience of screen replacement so as to better improve the electrode recovery processing efficiency becomes a problem to be considered by the technical personnel in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: how to provide one kind can improve the screening effect of equipment, the life of extension screen cloth, the convenience of improvement screen cloth change to improve electrode recovery treatment efficiency's crushing useless lithium ion battery electrode material screening plant better.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a crushed waste lithium ion battery electrode material screening device comprises a shell, wherein a feeding port is formed in the middle of the top of the upper end of the shell, a horizontally arranged screen is installed in the inner cavity of the shell, a vibrating device is arranged below the screen, and corresponding discharge ports are formed in the shell above and below the screen; the casing is including the sorting cylinder of the straight tube-shape that is located the lower part, still including the overhead guard that is located the frustum form of upper end, and the pan feeding mouth sets up at the overhead guard middle part, its characterized in that, demountable connection installation between overhead guard and the sorting cylinder, and the sorting cylinder inner wall is provided with the screen cloth mounting structure who is used for installing the screen cloth, screen cloth mounting structure includes a horizontal installation at the inboard collar of casing, and the inboard concave screen cloth installation step that is formed with of collar upper surface, and screen cloth detachably cooperation is installed in screen cloth installation step.

Like this, when the screen cloth needs to be changed, only need to dismantle the overhead guard and take off, can dismantle the screen cloth with convenient and fast ground and take out, greatly improved the convenience that the screen cloth was changed. Wherein, the top cover is used for preventing the materials in the device from splashing when vibrating and preventing dust from falling into the device.

Preferably, the edge position of the upper surface of the screen is equal to or higher than the position of the upper surface of the mounting ring. So the material that does benefit to on the screen cloth after the filtration screening passes through the collar plate upper surface and follow the discharge gate ejection of compact more.

As the optimization, the collar upper surface still is provided with a plurality of screen cloth fixed establishment, screen cloth fixed establishment includes a horizontal pole, the back of buckling downwards (relying on the bearing) of horizontal pole one end rotationally installs on the collar upper surface, horizontal pole other end middle part can run through with moving about from top to bottom and be provided with the locating lever, the locating lever top is formed with the stopper that extends along the horizontal direction, it is provided with tension spring still to connect between stopper lower surface and the horizontal pole upper surface, the locating lever lower extreme can penetrate the locating hole realization of screen cloth border position under tension spring effect and fix the screen cloth.

Therefore, when the screen is detached from the mounting ring, the screen can be conveniently taken down from the mounting ring only by overcoming the pulling force of the tension spring to pull up the positioning rod and horizontally rotating the cross rod to move away from the range of the screen; is very convenient and fast. Meanwhile, when the screen is installed, the screen fixing mechanism can be relied on by reverse operation, and the screen is quickly fixed. Therefore, convenience in replacing the screen is guaranteed, and reliability in fixing the screen is guaranteed, so that the screen is beneficial to improving the screening effect of the screen.

The better selection is that the tension spring is a spiral spring and is sleeved on the positioning rod. Thus, the force applied by the tension spring is more balanced and stable.

Preferably, the screen comprises a first screen and a second screen which are arranged at intervals from top to bottom, and the mesh aperture of the first screen is larger than that of the second screen; the discharge port comprises a first discharge port arranged on the shell at the edge position on the upper side of the first screen, a second discharge port arranged on the shell at the edge position on the upper side of the second screen and a third discharge port arranged on the shell below the second screen.

Therefore, a layer of screen is added, the aperture of the first screen is larger than that of the second screen, and the aperture of the second screen is consistent with the required particle size (the particle size is required to meet the requirements of the subsequent metallurgical process) for crushing the waste lithium ion battery electrode. The material that can leak down from the second screen cloth through double filtration like this is the material that satisfies the particle diameter requirement, and the material that can't satisfy the particle diameter requirement is two parts of different particle diameters by first screen cloth screening. Like this two partial materials take out the back and carry out breakage once more respectively, can improve crushing effect better, especially lie in the material of the part between first screen cloth and the second screen cloth, only need carry out the breakage again usually and can satisfy the particle diameter requirement. The defect of cost increase caused by repeated screening and crushing is avoided. Meanwhile, when materials with different particle sizes are crushed again, proper crushers or grinders can be selected respectively according to the particle size range for crushing and grinding, so that the crushing efficiency and the crushing effect are improved better.

Further, the outer diameter of the second screen is smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting ring corresponding to the first screen.

Therefore, the second screen can conveniently pass through the inner part of the mounting ring of the first screen to be directly mounted and dismounted.

Furthermore, an inclined material receiving plate is further arranged in the shell below the second screen, and the third discharge port is formed in the shell at the lowest position of the material receiving plate. So that the materials meeting the requirement of particle size can be more conveniently screened and discharged.

Furthermore, a dispersing mechanism is further arranged in the shell between the feeding port and the screen, the dispersing mechanism comprises a reflecting cylinder which is arranged right opposite to the middle part below the feeding port, the upper part of the reflecting cylinder is a frustum-shaped section with an upward small diameter end, openings at the upper end and the lower end of the reflecting cylinder are arranged in a through mode, the diameter of the opening at the upper end of the reflecting cylinder is smaller than that of the feeding port, and at least one separating cylinder is sequentially sleeved outside the reflecting cylinder at intervals below the frustum-shaped section.

Therefore, after materials enter the shell from the feeding port, a part of the materials can fall onto the reflecting cylinder and are ejected by rebounding outwards after being impacted by the frustum-shaped section at the upper end of the reflecting cylinder, the materials with larger weight can be rebounded far and the rebounds with lighter weight are closer, the outer lower end of the reflecting cylinder is separated into a plurality of falling spaces for the materials with different weights to fall by the separating cylinder, the relatively heavier materials fall from the space close to the outer side, and the relatively lighter materials fall from the space close to the inner side. Like this, the material falls into on the screen cloth more dispersedly and heavier material drops toward the higher screen cloth border position of degree of steadiness, has greatly avoided the screen cloth middle part to receive the heavy material impact for a long time and the easy defect of loss, has prolonged screen cloth life. Simultaneously the material dispersion falls into the screen cloth and can improve the filtration efficiency of screen cloth, and the heavier material that falls into the screen cloth outside in addition is mostly the bold material, so can not shorten the path distance of granule material from the screen cloth inside to the outside (the material falls into behind the screen cloth to lean on vibrating device to drive from the screen cloth middle part and advance all around and follow the discharge gate ejection of compact on the peripheral casing), so can not influence the screening filter effect of material because of the dispersion of material. The separating cylinder arranged in the separating device can better separate the falling area spaces of materials with different weights, and meanwhile, the falling materials can be impacted and energy-dissipated, so that the impact of the materials on the screen is better relieved, and the protection effect on the screen is improved.

Furthermore, a layer of elastic material layer is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the frustum-shaped section of the reflecting cylinder.

Therefore, the elastic material layer can better improve the rebound ejection effect on the impacted materials, ensure the reliability of the materials with different weights falling from outside to inside in a layering manner, simultaneously buffer and absorb energy by virtue of the elastic material layer, weaken the impact of the materials ejected by reflection on the surrounding separation barrel and the screen below, and prolong the service life of the component.

Furthermore, the elastic material layer is a rubber sleeve made of rubber material and is sleeved and fixed on the frustum-shaped section at the upper end of the reflecting cylinder. The buffer energy absorption device is simple in structure, low in cost, good in buffer energy absorption effect, convenient to install and favorable for replacement and maintenance after damage.

Furthermore, a screening bowl which is integrally in a spherical crown shape is arranged inside the reflecting cylinder, the bottom of the screening bowl faces upwards and is opposite to an opening at the upper end of the reflecting cylinder, a plurality of screening holes are formed in the screening bowl, and the distance between the edge of the screening bowl and the inner wall of the reflecting cylinder is larger than the diameter of the screening holes.

Like this, the setting of branch sieve bowl can be better to the material that port fell into on the reflection section of thick bamboo break up the dispersion and fall on the below screen cloth for each position of screen cloth all has the material to drop, improves the utilization efficiency to the screen cloth. Meanwhile, the screening holes formed in the screening bowl can enable part of small-diameter materials to directly penetrate through and then fall to the middle part of the screen, and part of large-diameter materials fall from the periphery of the screening bowl, so that the large-diameter materials are dispersed outwards for the materials falling into the screen inside the reflecting cylinder, the protection effect on the weakest position of the central strength of the screen is greatly improved, and the service life of the screen is prolonged. Meanwhile, the filtering and screening effects of the materials on the central part of the screen are improved.

As optimization, the periphery of the screening bowl is fixed on the inner wall of the reflecting cylinder by an elastic connecting rod.

Therefore, materials falling from the opening at the upper end of the reflecting cylinder can firstly impact the screening bowl, and the energy of the materials subsequently impacting the screen is reduced by means of energy dissipation through vibration of the elastic connecting rod, so that the screen is better protected; meanwhile, vibration generated by impact can be better beneficial to the sliding process of materials on the screening sieve, and small-diameter materials can directly penetrate through the screening sieve to fall off, so that the screening effect is ensured.

As optimization, the aperture of the screening holes on the screening bowl is gradually increased from the central position to the peripheral position.

Therefore, the particle size of the materials falling through the screening bowl is better distributed from inside to outside in a small-to-large mode, and the protection effect on the weak position in the center of the screen is better improved.

Furthermore, the diameter of the lower end opening of the screening bowl is larger than that of the upper end opening of the reflecting cylinder; the diameter of the opening at the lower end of the reflecting cylinder is larger than that of the feeding opening.

Therefore, materials falling from the feeding port can strike the reflecting cylinder or the screening bowl to achieve energy dissipation and dispersion treatment. The protection effect and the screen cloth screening effect to the screen cloth of below are guaranteed.

Furthermore, the reflecting cylinder and the separating cylinder, the adjacent separating cylinders and the outer separating cylinder and the inner wall of the shell are fixed by fixing rods distributed circumferentially. Thus, the fixing of the dispersion mechanism is conveniently realized.

Furthermore, the shell also comprises a material separating cylinder positioned between the top cover and the separating cylinder, the upper end of the material separating cylinder is connected with the top cover through threads, the lower end of the material separating cylinder is detachably connected with the separating cylinder through a material separating cylinder fixing screw, and the dispersing mechanism is installed in the material separating cylinder.

This makes it easier to assemble and disassemble the entire dispersion mechanism.

Further, feed cylinder terminal surface middle part has the round annular under, the feed cylinder upper end is provided with the round bulge loop and corresponds the joint cooperation in the annular of feed cylinder, still is provided with feed cylinder fixing screw in the feed cylinder lower extreme outside, and feed cylinder fixing screw level inwards passes the feed cylinder and penetrates the bulge loop of feed cylinder upper end and realizes fixing.

Thus, the fixing device has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in disassembly and reliability in fixing.

Preferably, the vibration device comprises a vibration motor device fixed at the middle position of the bottom of the shell, and the vibration motor device is preferably a rotary vibration motor device.

The rotary vibration motor device is a mature existing product, namely a vibration motor device used for a rotary vibration screen, and has the structure that a device shell is arranged outside, a vertical motor is used as an excitation source inside, eccentric weights are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the vertical motor, the rotary motion of the vertical motor is converted into horizontal, vertical and inclined three-dimensional motion, the motion is transmitted to the outside through the device shell, and then is transmitted to a screen through a shell of a screening device, so that materials do outward-expanding involute motion while vibrating on the screen; producing an inward-outward spiral-ring-shaped vibration effect. Rely on rotary vibration motor device can drive the material and realize screening better at the removal in-process like this, improve the screening effect, be favorable to the material of screen cloth upside to the periphery to assemble simultaneously to better utilize in the ejection of compact.

And optimally, the outer side of the upper surface of the mounting ring is obliquely arranged towards the direction of the corresponding discharge hole.

Like this, make things convenient for the material to enter into the collar upper surface back around the screen cloth under the vibration effect more, can collect and follow the discharge gate ejection of compact toward the discharge gate position better.

Further, first discharge gate and second discharge gate respectively have two and respectively along corresponding the collar about the diametric (al) relative setting, the collar outside fore-and-aft direction middle part and inboard are as high as, the outside is along the left and right sides orientation downward sloping gradually setting and link up with the discharge gate. Therefore, materials above the screen mesh can be more conveniently diffused from inside to outside to move to the upper surface of the mounting ring, and then are converged and discharged from the middle part to two sides through the upper surface of the mounting ring.

Further, the vibration device further comprises a resonance structure arranged at the bottom of the shell, and the resonance structure comprises a resonance spring for providing a resonance effect.

Therefore, the vibration screening effect on the materials is improved by means of the resonance effect of the resonance spring.

Further, the resonance structure comprises a lower bottom plate and an upper bottom plate which are arranged at an upper interval and a lower interval and horizontally, the resonance spring is a spiral spring and is arranged between the lower bottom plate and the upper bottom plate, and the shell and the vibration motor device are arranged on the upper bottom plate.

The structure is simple, and the whole shell can generate better resonance effect.

Furthermore, the resonance springs are arranged in a ring shape and are arranged into a plurality of rings from inside to outside along the circle center of the shell, and the elastic force of the resonance springs positioned on the outer ring is smaller than that of the resonance springs positioned inside.

Like this, the resonance spring of outer lane is softer than the inner circle, can be so that the casing resonance time in the circumference toward outside below polarization, can cooperate and enlarge rotary vibration motor's effect better like this for material vibration on the screen cloth can be better from the center to expand all around and finally assemble the ejection of compact from the discharge gate.

Furthermore, the vibrating device further comprises a fixing sleeve fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the rotary vibrating motor, the fixing sleeve is fixedly connected with a plurality of transverse transmission rods horizontally and outwards along the periphery, a plurality of vertical transmission rods vertically and upwards arranged are fixed at the end parts of the transverse transmission rods, and the upper ends of the vertical transmission rods are fixedly connected with the mounting ring for fixing the screen.

Like this, the setting of horizontal transfer line and vertical transfer line can be more directly transmit the screen cloth to the rotary vibration effect of rotary vibration motor along circumference on directly, greatly improved the rotary vibration screening effect to material on the screen cloth for can be better when the material vibration on the screen cloth from the center to expand all around and finally assemble the ejection of compact from the discharge gate.

Preferably, the plurality of transverse transmission rods are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction. In this way, the rotational vibration effect can be transmitted more uniformly and reliably.

As optimization, the inner side of the vertical transmission rod is provided with a positioning boss protruding horizontally corresponding to the position of the mounting ring, the outer side of the mounting ring is provided with a stepping groove corresponding to the vertical transmission rod, the lower part of the stepping groove is concavely provided with a positioning step corresponding to the positioning boss, the vertical transmission rod is clamped in the stepping groove, and the positioning boss is clamped on the positioning step.

Like this, not only the installation of ring self is fixed and is dismantled in the facilitate mounting, relies on the joint cooperation of location boss and location step simultaneously for all there is the face of laminating each other between vertical transfer line and the collar in vertical and horizontal direction, can be better utilize on the collar is used from vertical transfer line direct transmission to rotary vibration, and then drive the screen cloth vibration better, improve screen cloth screening effect.

In conclusion, the electrode recovery device has the advantages of improving the screening effect of equipment, prolonging the service life of the screen, improving the convenience of screen replacement and better improving the electrode recovery treatment efficiency.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the cut-away perspective structure of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a separate screen fixing mechanism portion of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a portion a of the butt structure between the single classifying cylinder and the distributing cylinder in fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the upper half of the individual cartridge in example 1.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of a separate mounting ring in embodiment 1.

Fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a dispersing mechanism in another embodiment.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1: referring to fig. 1-7, a crushed waste lithium ion battery electrode material screening device comprises a shell, wherein a feeding port 1 is arranged in the middle of the top of the upper end of the shell, a horizontally arranged screen is installed in the inner cavity of the shell, a vibrating device is arranged below the screen, and corresponding discharge ports are respectively arranged on the shell above and below the screen; wherein, the casing is including the sorting barrel 2 that is located the straight tube-shape of lower part, still including the overhead guard 3 that is located the frustum form of upper end, and the screw thread connects the installation soon between overhead guard 3 and the sorting barrel 2, and pan feeding mouth 1 sets up at 3 middle parts of overhead guard, and 2 inner walls of sorting barrel are provided with the screen cloth mounting structure who is used for installing the screen cloth, screen cloth mounting structure includes a horizontal mounting at the inboard collar 4 of casing, and the inboard concave screen cloth installation step 5 that is formed with of collar upper surface, and screen cloth detachably cooperates and installs in screen cloth installation step 5.

Like this, when the screen cloth needs to be changed, only need to unscrew the overhead guard, can convenient and fast ground pull down the screen cloth and take out, greatly improved the convenience that the screen cloth was changed. Wherein, the top cover is used for preventing the materials in the device from splashing when vibrating and preventing dust from falling into the device.

Wherein, the edge position of the upper surface of the screen is equal to (or higher than) the position of the upper surface of the mounting ring 4. So the material that does benefit to on the screen cloth after the filtration screening passes through the collar plate upper surface and follow the discharge gate ejection of compact more.

Wherein, 4 upper surfaces of collar still are provided with a plurality of screen cloth fixed establishment, screen cloth fixed establishment includes a horizontal pole 6, the back of buckling downwards (relying on the bearing) of 6 one ends of horizontal pole rotationally installs at 4 upper surfaces of collar, 6 other end middle parts of horizontal pole can run through with moving about from top to bottom and be provided with locating lever 7, 7 tops of locating lever are formed with stopper 8 along the horizontal direction extension, it is provided with tension spring 9 still to connect between stopper 8 lower surface and the horizontal pole upper surface, 7 lower extremes of locating lever can penetrate the locating hole realization of screen cloth border position under tension spring 9 effects and fix the screen cloth.

Wherein, the tension spring 9 is a spiral spring and is sleeved on the positioning rod. Thus, the force applied by the tension spring is more balanced and stable.

The screen comprises a first screen 11 and a second screen 12 which are arranged at intervals from top to bottom, wherein the mesh aperture of the first screen 11 is larger than that of the second screen 12; the discharge port comprises a first discharge port 13 arranged on the shell at the edge position on the upper side of the first screen, a second discharge port 14 arranged on the shell at the edge position on the upper side of the second screen and a third discharge port 15 arranged on the shell below the second screen.

Wherein, the outer diameter of the second screen 12 is smaller than the inner diameter of the corresponding mounting ring of the first screen 11.

Wherein, still be provided with the flitch 16 that connects of slope in the casing below second screen cloth 12, third discharge gate 15 sets up on the casing that connects the flitch 16 lowest position. So that the materials meeting the requirement of particle size can be more conveniently screened and discharged.

The dispersing mechanism is further arranged in the shell between the feeding port and the screen, the dispersing mechanism comprises a reflecting tube 17 which is arranged right opposite to the middle part below the feeding port, the upper part of the reflecting tube 17 is a frustum-shaped section with an upward small diameter end, openings at the upper end and the lower end of the reflecting tube are arranged in a penetrating mode, the diameter of the opening at the upper end of the reflecting tube 17 is smaller than that of the feeding port, and at least one separating tube 18 is sequentially sleeved outside the reflecting tube at intervals below the frustum-shaped section.

Wherein, the outer surface of the frustum-shaped section of the reflecting cylinder 17 is fixedly provided with a layer of elastic material layer 19.

The elastic material layer 19 is a rubber sleeve made of rubber material and is sleeved and fixed on the frustum-shaped section at the upper end of the reflecting cylinder. The buffer energy absorption device is simple in structure, low in cost, good in buffer energy absorption effect, convenient to install and favorable for replacement and maintenance after damage.

Wherein, the inside of the reflection cylinder 17 is also provided with a screening bowl 20 which is integrally in a spherical cap shape, the bottom of the screening bowl 20 is upward and is arranged opposite to the opening at the upper end of the reflection cylinder, the screening bowl 20 is provided with a plurality of screening holes, and the distance between the edge of the screening bowl 20 and the inner wall of the reflection cylinder is larger than the diameter of the screening holes.

Wherein, the periphery of the screening bowl 20 is fixed on the inner wall of the reflecting cylinder 17 by an elastic connecting rod 21.

Wherein, the aperture of the sieve separating hole on the sieve separating bowl 20 is gradually increased from the central position to the peripheral position.

Wherein, the diameter of the lower port of the screening bowl 20 is larger than that of the upper port of the reflecting cylinder 17; the diameter of the opening at the lower end of the reflecting cylinder 17 is larger than that of the feed inlet 4.

Wherein, the fixing between the reflection cylinder 17 and the separation cylinder 18, between the adjacent separation cylinders 18 and between the outer separation cylinder and the inner wall of the shell are realized by fixing rods 22 distributed on the circumference. Thus, the fixing of the dispersion mechanism is conveniently realized.

The shell further comprises a material separating barrel 23 positioned between the top cover and the separating barrel, the upper end of the material separating barrel 23 is connected with the top cover 3 through threads, the lower end of the material separating barrel 23 is detachably connected with the separating barrel 2 through a material separating barrel fixing screw 24, and the dispersing mechanism is installed in the material separating barrel.

Wherein, divide feed cylinder 23 lower terminal surface middle part to have a round annular 25, 2 upper ends of separation cylinder are provided with the round bulge loop and correspond the joint cooperation in the annular 25 of feed cylinder, divide the feed cylinder lower extreme outside still to be provided with feed cylinder set screw 24, divide feed cylinder set screw 24 level inwards to pass feed cylinder 23 and penetrate the bulge loop of 2 upper ends of separation cylinder and realize fixing.

Wherein, the vibration device comprises a vibration motor device fixed at the middle position of the bottom of the shell, and the vibration motor device preferably adopts a rotary vibration motor device 26.

Wherein, the outside of the upper surface of the mounting ring 4 is obliquely arranged towards the direction of the corresponding discharge hole.

Wherein, first discharge gate 13 and second discharge gate 14 respectively have two and respectively along corresponding collar 4 about the diametral direction relative setting, the middle part and the inboard of collar outside fore-and-aft direction are as high as, the outside is along left right direction slope setting and the discharge gate links up gradually downwards. Therefore, materials above the screen mesh can be more conveniently diffused from inside to outside to move to the upper surface of the mounting ring, and then are converged and discharged from the middle part to two sides through the upper surface of the mounting ring.

Wherein, the vibrating device further comprises a resonance structure arranged at the bottom of the shell, and the resonance structure comprises a resonance spring 27 for providing a resonance effect.

Wherein, the resonance structure comprises a lower bottom plate 28 and an upper bottom plate 29 which are arranged horizontally at intervals up and down, the resonance spring 27 is a spiral spring and is arranged between the lower bottom plate 28 and the upper bottom plate 29, and the shell and the vibration motor device are arranged on the upper bottom plate 28.

The resonance springs 27 are arranged in a ring shape and are arranged in a plurality of circles from inside to outside along the center of the shell, and the elastic force of the resonance spring positioned on the outer circle is smaller than that of the resonance spring positioned inside.

The vibrating device further comprises a fixing sleeve 30 fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the rotary vibrating motor, a plurality of transverse transmission rods 31 are fixedly connected to the fixing sleeve 30 along the periphery and horizontally outwards, a plurality of vertical transmission rods 32 vertically and upwards arranged are fixed to the end portions of the transverse transmission rods 31, and the upper ends of the vertical transmission rods 32 are fixedly connected with the mounting ring 4 for fixing the screen.

Wherein the plurality of transverse transmission rods 31 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction. In this way, the rotational vibration effect can be transmitted more uniformly and reliably.

Wherein, the inboard vertical transmission pole 32 corresponds the collar position and has horizontal bellied

location boss

33, 4 outsides of collar correspond vertical transmission pole and are provided with the recess of stepping down, and the recess lower part position of stepping down corresponds location boss 33 indent and is formed with the location step, and vertical transmission pole 32 joint is in the recess of stepping down, and location boss 33 joint is on the location step.

Example 2: the screening device for the electrode material of the waste lithium ion battery of the embodiment is different from that of the embodiment 1 only in the structural difference, and the rest of the structure is completely the same as that of the embodiment 1. The dispersing mechanism in this embodiment, see fig. 8, includes a screening bowl 20 located between the material inlet and the screen and facing the middle part below the material inlet, the screening bowl is overall in a spherical crown shape, the bottom of the screening bowl 20 faces upward and faces the opening at the upper end of the reflection cylinder, a plurality of screening holes are provided on the screening bowl 20, the lower end edge of the screening bowl 20 is greater than the diameter of the material inlet, and the distance between the edge and the inner wall of the casing is greater than the diameter of the screening holes.

Like this, divide the setting of sieve bowl, can carry out preliminary dispersion of breaing up to the material that the pan feeding mouth fell into, make it drop on the below screen cloth again to can make each position of screen cloth all have the material to drop, improve the utilization efficiency to the screen cloth. Meanwhile, the screening holes formed in the screening bowl can enable part of small-diameter materials to directly penetrate through and then fall to the middle part of the screen, and part of large-diameter materials fall from the periphery of the screening bowl, so that the effect of dispersing large-diameter materials outwards is achieved, the protection effect on the weakest position of the central strength of the screen is greatly improved, and the service life of the screen is prolonged. Meanwhile, the filtering and screening effects of the materials on the central part of the screen are improved.

In the implementation, the better choice is that the screening bowl 20 is fixed on the inner wall of the shell by the elastic connecting rod 21.

Therefore, after the materials impact the screening bowls, the energy dissipation is realized by the vibration of the elastic connecting rods, the energy of the materials impacting the screen subsequently is reduced, and the screen is protected better; meanwhile, vibration generated by impact can be better beneficial to the sliding process of materials on the screening sieve, and small-diameter materials can directly penetrate through the screening sieve to fall off, so that the screening effect is ensured.

In practice, it is preferable that the aperture of the sieving holes on the sieving bowl 20 is gradually increased from the central position to the peripheral position.

In this embodiment, the structure, effect, and principle of the remaining portions are the same as those of embodiment 1, and can be understood with reference to fig. 1 to 7, which are not described in detail herein.

Example 3: the screening device comprises a shell, wherein a feeding port is formed in the middle of the top of the upper end of the shell, a screen is installed in the inner cavity of the shell, a vibrating device is arranged below the screen, and corresponding discharge ports are formed in the shell above and below the screen; the device is characterized in that the screen is horizontally arranged; the vibration device comprises a vibration motor device fixed in the middle of the bottom of the shell, and the vibration motor device adopts a common vibration motor device (only provides vertical vibration); the vibration device also comprises a resonance structure arranged at the bottom of the shell, and the resonance structure comprises a resonance spring for providing a resonance effect; the resonance springs are arranged in a ring shape and are arranged into a plurality of rings from inside to outside along the circle center of the shell, and the elasticity of the resonance springs positioned on the outer ring is smaller than that of the resonance springs positioned inside.

Like this, in this embodiment, set up the resonance spring and provide resonance, because the resonance spring of outer lane is softer than the inner circle, cooperation vibrating electrode device's effect like this can be so that the shell in the vibration in circumference up the polarization of below outward (circumference up down direction vibration range is bigger promptly), just so need not extra power device, can rely on special vibration effect to drive the material above the screen cloth that the level set up from the center gradually to expanding motion all around, finally from the discharge gate assemble the ejection of compact. Therefore, the retention time of the materials on the screen is ensured to ensure the screening effect, the discharging structure is simplified, and the equipment cost is reduced.

Further, the rest of the structure of the apparatus in this embodiment, its advantageous effects and principles, may be completely the same as those in embodiment 1 or embodiment 2. As can be understood with reference to fig. 1-8, a detailed description thereof is not provided herein.

Claims

1. A crushed waste lithium ion battery electrode material screening device comprises a shell, wherein a feeding port is formed in the middle of the top of the upper end of the shell, a horizontally arranged screen is installed in the inner cavity of the shell, a vibrating device is arranged below the screen, and corresponding discharge ports are formed in the shell above and below the screen; the screening machine is characterized in that the top cover is detachably connected with the sorting cylinder, a screen mounting structure for mounting a screen is arranged on the inner wall of the sorting cylinder, the screen mounting structure comprises a mounting ring horizontally mounted on the inner side of the shell, a screen mounting step is formed by inwards recessing the upper surface of the mounting ring, and the screen is detachably mounted in the screen mounting step in a matched manner;

a dispersing mechanism is further arranged in the shell between the feeding port and the screen, the dispersing mechanism comprises a reflecting cylinder which is right opposite to the middle part below the feeding port, the upper part of the reflecting cylinder is a frustum-shaped section with a small diameter end upward, openings at the upper end and the lower end are arranged in a through mode, the frustum-shaped section is used for allowing materials to fall, collide and rebound outwards to eject out, the materials with larger weight are rebounded far, the rebounding with lighter weight is closer, the diameter of the opening at the upper end of the reflecting cylinder is smaller than that of the feeding port, at least one separating cylinder is sequentially sleeved outwards at intervals at the position, which is positioned below the frustum-shaped section, of the outer side of the reflecting cylinder, and the separating cylinders are used for separating area spaces for falling of the materials with different weights;

the reflecting cylinder is internally provided with a screening bowl which is integrally spherical, the bottom of the screening bowl faces upwards and is opposite to an opening at the upper end of the reflecting cylinder, a plurality of screening holes are formed in the screening bowl, and the distance between the edge of the screening bowl and the inner wall of the reflecting cylinder is larger than the diameter of the screening holes.

2. The crushed screening device for the electrode materials of the waste lithium ion batteries as claimed in claim 1, wherein the edge position of the upper surface of the screen is equal to or higher than the position of the upper surface of the mounting ring.

3. The apparatus for screening crushed waste lithium ion battery electrode materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mounting ring is further provided with a plurality of screen fixing mechanisms, each screen fixing mechanism comprises a cross rod, one end of the cross rod is bent downwards and then rotatably mounted on the upper surface of the mounting ring, a positioning rod is movably arranged in the middle of the other end of the cross rod in a vertically penetrating manner, a limiting block extending in the horizontal direction is formed at the top of the positioning rod, a tension spring is further connected between the lower surface of the limiting block and the upper surface of the cross rod, and the lower end of the positioning rod can penetrate into a positioning hole at the edge of the screen under the action of the tension spring to fix the screen;

the tension spring is a spiral spring and is sleeved on the positioning rod.

4. The crushed waste lithium ion battery electrode material screening device according to claim 1, wherein the screen comprises a first screen and a second screen which are installed at intervals from top to bottom, and the first screen has a larger mesh size than the second screen; the discharge ports comprise a first discharge port arranged on the shell at the edge position on the upper side of the first screen, a second discharge port arranged on the shell at the edge position on the upper side of the second screen and a third discharge port arranged on the shell below the second screen;

the outer diameter of the second screen is smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting ring corresponding to the first screen;

the shell below the second screen is also internally provided with an inclined material receiving plate, and the third discharge port is arranged on the shell at the lowest position of the material receiving plate.

5. The apparatus for screening crushed waste lithium ion battery electrode materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein an elastic material layer is fixedly disposed on the outer surface of the frustum-shaped section of the reflecting cylinder.

6. The apparatus for screening crushed waste lithium ion battery electrode materials as claimed in claim 5, wherein the periphery of the screening bowl is fixed on the inner wall of the reflecting cylinder by means of an elastic connecting rod;

the aperture of each sieve pore on the sieve bowl is gradually increased from the central position to the peripheral position;

the diameter of the lower port of the screening bowl is larger than that of the upper port of the reflecting cylinder; the diameter of an opening at the lower end of the reflecting cylinder is larger than that of the feeding opening;

the reflecting cylinder and the separating cylinder, the adjacent separating cylinders and the outer separating cylinder and the inner wall of the shell are fixed by fixing rods distributed in the circumferential direction.

7. The apparatus for screening crushed waste lithium ion battery electrode materials according to claim 5, wherein the housing further comprises a material separating cylinder located between the top cover and the material separating cylinder, the upper end of the material separating cylinder is connected with the top cover through a screw thread, the lower end of the material separating cylinder is detachably connected with the material separating cylinder through a material separating cylinder fixing screw, and the dispersing mechanism is installed in the material separating cylinder;

the feed cylinder terminal surface middle part has the round annular under, the feed cylinder upper end is provided with the round bulge loop and corresponds the joint cooperation in the annular of feed cylinder, and the feed cylinder lower extreme outside still is provided with feed cylinder set screw, and feed cylinder set screw level inwards passes the feed cylinder and penetrates the bulge loop of feed cylinder upper end and realizes fixing.

8. The crushed waste lithium ion battery electrode material screening device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration device comprises a vibration motor device fixed at a middle position of the bottom of the casing, and the vibration motor device adopts a rotary vibration motor device;

the outer side of the upper surface of the mounting ring is obliquely arranged towards the direction corresponding to the discharge hole.

9. The crushed spent lithium ion battery electrode material screening device according to claim 8, wherein the vibration device further comprises a resonance structure disposed at the bottom of the casing, the resonance structure comprising a resonance spring for providing a resonance effect;

the resonance structure comprises a lower bottom plate and an upper bottom plate which are horizontally arranged at intervals up and down, the resonance spring is a spiral spring and is arranged between the lower bottom plate and the upper bottom plate, and the shell and the vibration motor device are arranged on the upper bottom plate;

the resonance springs are arranged in a ring shape and are arranged into a plurality of rings from inside to outside along the circle center of the shell, and the elasticity of the resonance springs positioned on the outer ring is smaller than that of the resonance springs positioned inside.

10. The apparatus for screening crushed waste lithium ion battery electrode materials as claimed in claim 8, wherein the vibration device further comprises a fixing sleeve fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the rotary vibration motor, the fixing sleeve is fixedly connected with a plurality of transverse transmission rods horizontally outwards along the periphery, a plurality of vertical transmission rods vertically upwards are fixed at the end parts of the transverse transmission rods, and the upper ends of the vertical transmission rods are fixedly connected with the mounting rings for fixing the screen mesh;

the inner side of the vertical transmission rod is provided with a positioning boss protruding horizontally corresponding to the position of the mounting ring, the outer side of the mounting ring is provided with a yielding groove corresponding to the vertical transmission rod, the lower part of the yielding groove is concavely provided with a positioning step corresponding to the positioning boss, the vertical transmission rod is clamped in the yielding groove, and the positioning boss is clamped on the positioning step.