CN111634886A - Adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen generation equipment and method - Google Patents
Adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen generation equipment and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111634886A CN111634886A CN202010482250.9A CN202010482250A CN111634886A CN 111634886 A CN111634886 A CN 111634886A CN 202010482250 A CN202010482250 A CN 202010482250A CN 111634886 A CN111634886 A CN 111634886A
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- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 191
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 174
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 174
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 174
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 336
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 168
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 12
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000011045 prefiltration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009699 differential effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
- C01B13/0229—Purification or separation processes
- C01B13/0248—Physical processing only
- C01B13/0259—Physical processing only by adsorption on solids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2210/00—Purification or separation of specific gases
- C01B2210/0028—Separation of the specific gas from gas mixtures containing a minor amount of this specific gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2210/00—Purification or separation of specific gases
- C01B2210/0043—Impurity removed
- C01B2210/0046—Nitrogen
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen generation device and a method, and the device comprises: the device comprises a gas purification unit, a gas conveying and extracting unit, a nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit, an oxygen buffer unit and an oxygen storage unit which are sequentially connected; the number of the nitrogen adsorption and desorption units is single; the invention realizes the adsorption and desorption processes by a single nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit, has small floor area and low operation energy consumption, can realize the switching of the adsorption and desorption processes without an electromagnetic valve, and has simple control flow and convenient operation.
Description
All as the field of technology
The invention relates to the technical field of oxygen generation, in particular to adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen generation equipment and a method.
All the above-mentioned background techniques
A pressure adsorption vacuum desorption (VPSA for short) oxygen production device is one of the most used oxygen production processes at present. The VPSA oxygen generating equipment mainly comprises a blower, a vacuum pump, a switching valve, an adsorber and an oxygen balancing tank.
The raw material air is pressurized to 0.3-0.5barg by a blower after dust particles are removed by a suction inlet filter and enters one of the adsorbers. The adsorber is filled with an adsorbent in which moisture, carbon dioxide, and a small amount of other gas components are adsorbed at the inlet of the adsorber by activated alumina filled at the bottom, and then nitrogen is adsorbed by zeolite molecular sieves filled on the upper portion of the activated alumina. While oxygen (including argon) as a non-adsorbed component is vented from the top outlet of the adsorber as product gas to an oxygen equalization tank. When the adsorber is adsorbed to a certain degree, the adsorbent therein will reach a saturated state, and then the adsorber is vacuumized by a vacuum pump through a switching valve (opposite to the adsorption direction), and the vacuum degree is 0.65-0.75 barg. The adsorbed moisture, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and small amounts of other gaseous components are pumped out and vented to the atmosphere, and the adsorbent is regenerated.
Although continuous oxygen generation can be realized in the VPSA oxygen generation system, because the common VPSA oxygen generation system all adopts double-tower alternative adsorption/desorption operation, the operation energy consumption is high (about 1.5 degrees for every 1 standard cube of oxygen power consumption produced), the temperature of the shell part of the air blower is higher, usually, the temperature reaches more than 90 ℃, a soft water cooling system needs to be additionally installed, under the condition that a soft water treatment system is not provided, tap water is directly adopted for cooling, after the operation is carried out for a period of time, scales are formed in the cooling shell of the air blower, the air temperature is increased, and the oxygen generation efficiency is influenced. Meanwhile, the air compressor, the refrigeration dryer and the filter are high in maintenance cost, large in disposable equipment investment, large in occupied area, complex in installation and maintenance of the whole system and high in failure rate.
All the contents of the invention
The invention aims to provide the atmospheric adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen generation equipment, which realizes the adsorption and desorption processes through a single nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit, has small floor area and low operation energy consumption, can realize the switching of the adsorption and desorption processes without an electromagnetic valve, has simple control flow and convenient operation.
In order to realize the first purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen generation plant comprising: the device comprises a gas purification unit, a gas conveying and extracting unit, a nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit, an oxygen buffer unit and an oxygen storage unit which are sequentially connected; the number of the nitrogen adsorption and desorption units is single;
the gas purification unit is used for conveying purified air to the gas conveying and extracting unit; the gas conveying and extracting unit is used for receiving the purified air and conveying the pressurized air to the nitrogen adsorbing and desorbing unit or vacuumizing the nitrogen adsorbing and desorbing unit; the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit is used for adsorbing nitrogen from the pressurized air or desorbing the nitrogen in a vacuum state; the oxygen buffer unit is used for buffering the oxygen conveyed by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit; the oxygen storage unit is used for storing the oxygen conveyed by the oxygen buffer unit.
Further, when the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit is saturated with nitrogen, the gas delivery and extraction unit performs vacuum-pumping treatment on the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit; when the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit completely desorbs the adsorbed nitrogen, the gas delivery and extraction unit re-delivers the pressurized air to the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit.
As a specific embodiment, the gas delivery and extraction unit comprises a roots blower; the Roots blower pressurizes air through positive rotation and vacuumizes through negative rotation.
As a specific implementation mode, when the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit is saturated with adsorbed nitrogen, the roots blower is automatically powered off and automatically rotates reversely under the action of the pressure difference between the internal air pressure of the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit and the atmospheric pressure; when the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit completely desorbs the adsorbed nitrogen, the power supply of the motor of the Roots blower is automatically powered on again, the Roots blower starts to rotate forwards again, and pressurized air is delivered to the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit.
Further, when the air pressure inside the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit and the atmospheric pressure reach a balance, the fan blades of the Roots blower continuously rotate reversely under the action of inertia.
Further, the adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen generation device also comprises a bidirectional heat exchange unit; the bidirectional heat exchange unit is connected between the gas conveying and extracting unit and the nitrogen adsorbing and desorbing unit and is used for absorbing the heat of the pressurized air and reducing the temperature of the pressurized air or transferring the absorbed heat to the gas extracted by the gas conveying and extracting unit.
Furthermore, the adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen generation device also comprises a bidirectional current limiting unit; the bidirectional flow limiting unit is connected between the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit and the oxygen buffer unit and is used for conveying gas flowing to the oxygen buffer unit from the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit and limiting the flow rate of the gas, or conveying gas flowing to the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit from the oxygen buffer unit and limiting the flow rate of the gas.
Further, the adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen generation equipment also comprises a refrigeration dryer and a silencer; the cold dryer is connected between the oxygen buffer unit and the oxygen storage unit; the muffler is disposed on a pipeline connecting the gas delivery and extraction unit and the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit.
As a specific embodiment, the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit includes an adsorption tower; the oxygen buffer unit comprises an oxygen buffer tank and an oxygen supercharger connected with the oxygen buffer tank.
Further, when the gas delivery and extraction unit performs vacuum-pumping treatment on the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit, the oxygen buffered by the oxygen buffer unit enters the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit for flushing.
In a specific embodiment, the gas delivery and extraction unit pressurizes the air output by the gas purification unit to 0.6Kg/cm2-1.0Kg/cm2。
The second purpose of the invention is to provide an oxygen production method by adsorption vacuum desorption, which realizes the adsorption and desorption process by a single nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit, has small floor area and low operation energy consumption, can realize the switching of the adsorption and desorption process without an electromagnetic valve, has simple control flow and convenient operation.
In order to achieve the second purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen generation method adopts the adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen generation equipment, and comprises the following steps:
air in the atmosphere enters a gas conveying and extracting unit after being purified by a gas purifying unit;
the gas conveying and extracting unit pressurizes the air output by the gas purifying unit and conveys the air to the nitrogen adsorbing and desorbing unit;
the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit is used for carrying out nitrogen adsorption treatment on the pressurized air, delivering the extracted oxygen to the oxygen buffer unit and delivering the oxygen to the oxygen storage unit by the oxygen buffer unit;
when the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit is saturated with nitrogen, the nitrogen adsorption process is finished, and the gas conveying and extracting unit vacuumizes the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit;
the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit desorbs the adsorbed nitrogen in a vacuum state;
after the nitrogen adsorbed by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit is completely desorbed, the nitrogen desorption process is finished;
the steps are periodically repeated, and continuous oxygen generation is realized.
Further, the adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen generation device also comprises a bidirectional heat exchange unit; the gas conveying and extracting unit pressurizes the air output by the gas purifying unit, conveys the air to the two-way heat exchange unit, and conveys the air to the nitrogen adsorbing and desorbing unit after the air is subjected to temperature reduction treatment by the two-way heat exchange unit; and the gas vacuumized from the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit enters the bidirectional heat exchange unit, absorbs the heat in the bidirectional heat exchange unit and is exhausted to the atmosphere.
Further, when the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit desorbs the adsorbed nitrogen in a vacuum state, the oxygen in the oxygen buffer unit enters the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit to flush the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit.
In a specific embodiment, the gas delivery and extraction unit pressurizes the air output by the gas purification unit to 0.6Kg/cm2-1.0Kg/cm2。
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art that two nitrogen adsorption and desorption units are separately used for adsorption and desorption, the invention has the advantages of smaller floor area, lower operation energy consumption, low one-time investment cost of the system, simple control flow and convenient operation, and can realize the switching of the adsorption and desorption processes without an electromagnetic valve. Furthermore, the invention realizes the switching between adsorption and desorption through the positive and negative rotation of the Roots motor, and has simple control flow and convenient operation. Furthermore, the Roots motor is automatically powered off and reversely rotated when the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit is saturated with adsorbed nitrogen, so that the conversion from pressurization to decompression of the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit is realized, the automatic switching from adsorption to desorption is further realized, the control flow is simple, and the operation is convenient. Furthermore, when the air pressure in the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit is balanced with the atmospheric pressure, the fan blades of the Roots blower continuously rotate reversely under the action of inertia, so that the purpose of vacuumizing is achieved conveniently. Furthermore, the heat of the pressurized air is absorbed by the bidirectional heat exchange unit, the temperature of the pressurized air is reduced, and the absorbed heat is transferred to the gas extracted from the gas conveying and extracting unit when the gas conveying and extracting unit vacuumizes the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit, so that the heat absorbed by the bidirectional heat exchange unit can be effectively discharged, and the service life of the bidirectional heat exchange unit is prolonged. Further, the invention pressurizes the oxygen by the oxygen pressurizer, which is convenient for delivering the oxygen to the oxygen end user. Furthermore, the invention conveys oxygen to the interior of the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit through the oxygen buffer unit when the gas conveying and extracting unit is vacuumized, so as to flush the interior of the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit, thereby facilitating the nitrogen adsorbed by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit to be more fully desorbed. Furthermore, the gas conveying and extracting unit pressurizes air to normal pressure lower than low pressure, and the pressure on the tank body of the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit is lower, so that the safe operation coefficient of the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit is higher; meanwhile, normal-pressure air is adopted for adsorption, the efficiency of extracting oxygen is higher, the volume of the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit can be smaller, and the occupied area of equipment is further reduced.
Description of the drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. The drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the invention and other drawings may be derived from those drawings by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall configuration of an adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen generation plant provided by an embodiment of the invention;
description of reference numerals: 100, a gas purification unit; 110, pre-filter; 120, a post-stage filter; 200, a gas delivery and extraction unit; 300, a bidirectional heat exchange unit; 400, a nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit; 500, a bidirectional current limiting unit; 510, a first flow limiting valve; 520, a second flow limiting valve; 600, an oxygen buffer unit; 610, an oxygen buffer tank; 620, an oxygen booster; 700, an oxygen storage unit; 800, a muffler; 900, cool drying machine.
(specific embodiments) in all cases
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, an adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen generation apparatus includes a gas purification unit 100, a gas delivery and extraction unit 200, a bidirectional heat exchange unit 300, a nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400, a bidirectional flow limiting unit 500, an oxygen buffer unit 600, and an oxygen storage unit 700, which are connected in sequence.
In the present embodiment, the gas purifying unit 100 is used for purifying the passing gas, and mainly includes water removal, dust removal and partial CO removal2. As shown in fig. 1, the gas purification unit 100 includes a pre-filter 110 and a post-filter 120. In this embodiment, the pre-filter 110 and the post-filter 120 each include one or more of an activated carbon filter, a dust removal filter, and a carbon dioxide filter, and the pre-filter 110 and the post-filter 120 together include at least one set of an activated carbon filter, a dust removal filter, and a carbon dioxide filter. Wherein the activated carbon filter is mainly used for removing water, the dust removal filter is mainly used for removing dust, and the carbon dioxide filter is mainly used for removing partCO2。
In the present embodiment, the gas delivery and extraction unit 200 is used for delivering pressurized air or vacuum; the number of the nitrogen adsorption and desorption units 400 is one for adsorbing nitrogen or desorbing nitrogen; after the gas delivery and extraction unit 200 pressurizes the air output from the gas purification unit 100, the pressurized air is delivered to the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400 through the bidirectional heat exchange unit 300, and then the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400 selectively adsorbs nitrogen in the air to extract oxygen, when the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400 adsorbs nitrogen to be saturated, the gas delivery and extraction unit 200 evacuates the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400 through the bidirectional heat exchange unit 300, and the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400 desorbs the adsorbed nitrogen in a vacuum state.
In the present embodiment, the gas delivery and extraction unit 200 includes a roots blower, and the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400 includes an adsorption tower; the Roots blower has positive and negative rotation characteristics and high-speed reverse rotation inertia, oxygen is generated by pressurization through positive rotation, and negative pressure vacuumizing is performed through reverse rotation; the adsorption tower is filled with a molecular sieve which has the characteristics of selectively adsorbing nitrogen in the air and desorbing the adsorbed nitrogen in a vacuum state; air in the atmosphere is carried for nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400 to carry out nitrogen adsorption after the corotation pressurization of roots's fan, nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400 adsorbs nitrogen and reaches the saturation back, the nitrogen adsorption process finishes, roots's fan's motor power can auto-power-off, the atmospheric pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure in the adsorption tower, roots's fan can reverse by oneself under the pressure differential effect of atmospheric pressure and atmospheric pressure in the adsorption tower, when the atmospheric pressure reaches balanced in the adsorption tower, roots's fan blade still continues the reversal under the inertia effect, finally reach the purpose of evacuation.
In this embodiment, the oxygen output from the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400 is delivered to the oxygen buffer unit 600 through the bidirectional limiting unit, and the oxygen buffer unit 600 is used for buffering the oxygen delivered from the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400, so that the oxygen pressure is maintained in a relatively constant pressure state, thereby maintaining the stability of the oxygen concentration; as shown in fig. 1, the oxygen buffer unit 600 includes an oxygen buffer tank 610 and an oxygen booster 620 connected to the oxygen buffer tank, the oxygen booster 620 being used for boosting the oxygen in the oxygen buffer tank 610; the oxygen booster 620 is a variable frequency booster that boosts the lower pressure oxygen (up to about 0.7Kg/cm2) in the oxygen buffer tank 610 to about 4.5Kg/cm2 for delivery to the oxygen end user. Meanwhile, when the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400 is vacuumized by the gas delivery and extraction unit 200 to desorb nitrogen, part of high-concentration oxygen (93: +/-3)%) in the oxygen buffer tank 610 enters the top of the adsorption tower through the bidirectional flow limiting unit 500 to flush the molecular sieve in the adsorption tower, so that nitrogen adsorbed by the molecular sieve can be more sufficiently desorbed.
In this example, the molecular sieve in the adsorption column was a lithium french medical zeolite molecular sieve.
In this embodiment, the bidirectional heat exchange unit 300 includes a heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger uses water as a medium; when the gas delivery and extraction unit 200 pressurizes the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400, the pressurized air (which is a high-temperature gas stream) delivered by the gas delivery and extraction unit 200 transfers heat to water in the heat exchanger, the temperature of the water in the heat exchanger rises, and the temperature of the pressurized air delivered to the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400 by the gas delivery and extraction unit 200 is lowered; when the gas delivery and extraction unit 200 vacuumizes the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400, the low-temperature gas flow extracted by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400 brings the heat of the water in the heat exchanger out to the atmosphere, and reduces the temperature in the heat exchanger, so that the heat absorbed by the heat exchanger in the adsorption process of the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400 can be effectively discharged, and the service life of the heat exchanger is prolonged.
As shown in fig. 1, the bidirectional flow limiting unit 500 includes a first flow limiting valve 510 and a second flow limiting valve 520; the first flow limiting valve 510 is used for conveying the gas flowing from the adsorption tower to the oxygen buffer tank 610 and limiting the flow rate of the gas; the second flow restriction valve 520 serves to deliver the gas flowing from the oxygen buffer tank 610 to the adsorption tower and to restrict the flow rate of the gas.
In this embodiment, the oxygen storage unit 700 includes a gas tank for storing the oxygen supplied from the oxygen buffer tank 610 and supplying the stored oxygen to the oxygen user terminal.
As shown in fig. 1, the adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen generation device further comprises a silencer 800 and a freeze dryer 900; the muffler 800 is connected to a pipeline between the gas delivery and extraction unit 200 and the bidirectional heat exchange unit 300, and is used for performing muffling treatment to reduce noise; the cooling and drying machine 900 is connected between the oxygen buffer unit 600 and the oxygen storage unit 700, and is configured to freeze-dry the oxygen output by the oxygen buffer unit 600 and deliver the oxygen to the oxygen storage unit 700.
In this embodiment, the process flow of the adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen generation device is as follows:
after being purified by the gas purification unit 100, the air in the atmosphere enters the gas delivery and extraction unit 200;
the gas delivery and extraction unit 200 pressurizes the air output from the gas purification unit 100, and then delivers the pressurized air to the bidirectional heat exchange unit 300;
in the present embodiment, the Roots blower pressurizes the air output from the gas cleaning unit 100 to 0.75Kg/cm by normal rotation2(less than 1.0 Kg/cm)2Belonging to the normal pressure category); compared with the common method of pressurizing the air to 5.0Kg/cm in the prior art2(belong to the low-pressure category), the air pressure after pressurization is smaller, the pressure on the tank body of the adsorption tower is smaller, and the safety performance is improved; meanwhile, the normal-pressure air is adopted for adsorption, the efficiency of extracting oxygen is higher, compared with the prior art, the volume of an adsorption tower required for preparing oxygen with the same volume can be smaller, and further the occupied area of equipment is reduced (compared with the adsorption tower in the prior art, the volume can be reduced by 1/3-1/4).
In other embodiments, the Roots blower pressurizes the air output from the gas purification unit 100 to 0.6Kg/cm by forward rotation2-1.0Kg/cm2。
In the embodiment, the power consumption of the single-tower normal pressure process for preparing the unit standard cubic meter of oxygen is about 0.75 ℃, while the power consumption of the prior art for preparing the unit standard cubic meter of oxygen by adopting the double-tower low-pressure oxygen preparation process is about 1.6 ℃, namely, the oxygen with the same volume is prepared, and the single-tower normal pressure process only needs 50% of the power consumption of the double-tower low-pressure oxygen preparation process, so that the energy consumption of equipment is reduced.
The bidirectional heat exchange unit 300 cools the pressurized air and then delivers the air to the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400;
in this embodiment, the water in the heat exchanger absorbs the heat of the low-pressure gas, so that the low-pressure gas is cooled to about 35 ℃;
after the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400 performs nitrogen adsorption treatment on the low-pressure gas, the extracted oxygen is delivered to the oxygen buffer unit 600 through the bidirectional flow limiting unit 500, and then the oxygen buffer unit 600 delivers the oxygen to the oxygen storage unit 700;
in this embodiment, the molecular sieve in the adsorption tower selectively adsorbs nitrogen, so that oxygen penetrates through the molecular sieve and flows to the outlet at the top of the adsorption tower, and then enters the oxygen buffer tank 610 through the first limit valve 510; the duration of the adsorption process was about 25 seconds;
when the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400 is saturated with nitrogen, the nitrogen adsorption process is completed, and the gas delivery and extraction unit 200 evacuates the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400;
in this embodiment, after the nitrogen adsorption process is completed, the power supply of the motor of the roots blower is automatically cut off, the roots blower starts to rotate reversely under the action of the pressure difference between the air pressure in the adsorption tower and the atmospheric pressure, and the inside of the adsorption tower is evacuated to vacuum (the vacuum pressure is-0.5 Kg/cm) under the action of the inertia of the impeller2) So that the nitrogen adsorbed by the molecular sieve is fully desorbed;
the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400 desorbs the adsorbed nitrogen in a vacuum state, and a part of oxygen in the oxygen buffer unit 600 enters the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400 through the bidirectional flow limiting unit 500 to flush the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400;
in this embodiment, when the roots blower is reversed to provide negative pressure to the adsorption tower, so that nitrogen is desorbed by the molecular sieve, part of high-concentration oxygen in the oxygen buffer tank 610 enters the top of the adsorption tower through the second flow limiting valve 520, and washes the molecular sieve in the adsorption tower, so that nitrogen adsorbed by the molecular sieve is more sufficiently desorbed;
the gas extracted from the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400 is sequentially treated by the bidirectional heat exchange unit 300, the gas delivery and extraction unit 200, and the gas purification unit 100, and then discharged into the atmosphere;
when the nitrogen adsorbed by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit 400 is completely desorbed, the nitrogen desorption process is finished;
in this embodiment, after the nitrogen desorption process is completed, the power supply of the motor of the roots blower automatically resumes energization, and the roots blower starts to rotate forward again to pressurize the air output by the gas purification unit 100;
the steps are periodically repeated, and continuous oxygen generation is realized.
In this embodiment, other process parameters in the oxygen generation process are common parameters and are not described herein.
In this embodiment, after the nitrogen adsorption process, the roots blower passes through auto-power-off
The adsorption tower is reversed under the action of the pressure difference between the air pressure in the adsorption tower and the atmospheric pressure, and the adsorption tower is vacuumized; after the nitrogen desorption process is finished, the Roots blower restarts forward rotation by automatically restoring energization, and conveys pressurized air to the adsorption tower, so that the switching between adsorption and desorption can be realized without switching of an electromagnetic valve, the control flow is simple, and the operation is convenient.
In this embodiment, the purity of the oxygen generated by the adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen generation device can reach (93 ± 3)%, which is the same as the purity of the oxygen generated by the double-tower adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen generation device, but the operation energy consumption is only about 50% of that of the double-tower adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen generation device, and correspondingly, the operation cost is only about 50% of that of the double-tower adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen generation device.
In this embodiment, not only the roots fan is the oilless fan, and oxygen making equipment operation process is oilless operation moreover, has reduced oil filtration, oil cooling, oil-gas separation technology and control link, and the equipment is more simple, further the cost is reduced. The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (15)
1. An adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen generation device, which is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a gas purification unit, a gas conveying and extracting unit, a nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit, an oxygen buffer unit and an oxygen storage unit which are sequentially connected; the number of the nitrogen adsorption and desorption units is single;
the gas purification unit is used for conveying purified air to the gas conveying and extracting unit; the gas conveying and extracting unit is used for receiving the purified air and conveying the pressurized air to the nitrogen adsorbing and desorbing unit or vacuumizing the nitrogen adsorbing and desorbing unit; the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit is used for adsorbing nitrogen from the pressurized air or desorbing the nitrogen in a vacuum state; the oxygen buffer unit is used for buffering the oxygen conveyed by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit; the oxygen storage unit is used for storing the oxygen conveyed by the oxygen buffer unit.
2. The adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen plant of claim 1, wherein: when the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit is saturated with nitrogen, the gas conveying and extracting unit is used for vacuumizing the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit; when the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit completely desorbs the adsorbed nitrogen, the gas delivery and extraction unit re-delivers the pressurized air to the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit.
3. The adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen plant of claim 2, wherein: the gas conveying and extracting unit comprises a Roots blower; the Roots blower pressurizes air through positive rotation and vacuumizes through negative rotation.
4. The adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen plant of claim 3, wherein: when the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit is saturated with nitrogen, the Roots blower is automatically powered off and automatically rotates reversely under the action of the pressure difference between the internal air pressure and the atmospheric pressure of the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit; when the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit completely desorbs the adsorbed nitrogen, the power supply of the motor of the Roots blower is automatically powered on again, the Roots blower starts to rotate forwards again, and pressurized air is delivered to the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit.
5. The adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen plant of claim 4, wherein: when the air pressure in the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit is balanced with the atmospheric pressure, the fan blades of the Roots blower continuously rotate reversely under the action of inertia.
6. The adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen plant of any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the device also comprises a bidirectional heat exchange unit; the bidirectional heat exchange unit is connected between the gas conveying and extracting unit and the nitrogen adsorbing and desorbing unit and used for absorbing the heat of the pressurized air and reducing the temperature of the pressurized air or transferring the absorbed heat to the gas extracted by the gas conveying and extracting unit and exhausting the gas to the atmosphere.
7. The adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen plant of any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the bidirectional current limiting unit is also included; the bidirectional flow limiting unit is connected between the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit and the oxygen buffer unit and is used for conveying gas flowing to the oxygen buffer unit from the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit and limiting the flow rate of the gas, or conveying gas flowing to the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit from the oxygen buffer unit and limiting the flow rate of the gas.
8. The adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen plant of any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the cooling dryer and the silencer are also included; the cold dryer is connected between the oxygen buffer unit and the oxygen storage unit; the muffler is disposed on a pipeline connecting the gas delivery and extraction unit and the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit.
9. The adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen plant of any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit comprises an adsorption tower; the oxygen buffer unit comprises an oxygen buffer tank and an oxygen supercharger connected with the oxygen buffer tank.
10. The adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen plant of any one of claims 1-5, wherein: when the gas conveying and extracting unit carries out vacuumizing treatment on the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit, oxygen buffered by the oxygen buffering unit enters the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit for flushing.
11. The adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen plant of any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the gas conveying and extracting unit pressurizes the air output by the gas purifying unit to 0.6Kg/cm2-1.0Kg/cm2。
12. An adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen generation method, which is characterized in that the adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen generation device of any one of claims 1-11 is adopted, and comprises the following steps:
air in the atmosphere enters a pneumatic transmission and extraction unit after being purified by a gas purification unit;
the gas conveying and extracting unit pressurizes the air output by the gas purifying unit and conveys the air to the nitrogen adsorbing and desorbing unit;
the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit is used for carrying out nitrogen adsorption treatment on the pressurized air, delivering the extracted oxygen to the oxygen buffer unit and delivering the oxygen to the oxygen storage unit by the oxygen buffer unit;
when the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit is saturated with nitrogen, the nitrogen adsorption process is finished, and the gas conveying and extracting unit vacuumizes the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit;
the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit desorbs the adsorbed nitrogen in a vacuum state;
after the nitrogen adsorbed by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit is completely desorbed, the nitrogen desorption process is finished;
the steps are periodically repeated, and continuous oxygen generation is realized.
13. The adsorptive vacuum desorption oxygen production process according to claim 12,
the adsorption vacuum desorption oxygen generation equipment also comprises a bidirectional heat exchange unit; the gas conveying and extracting unit pressurizes the air output by the gas purifying unit, conveys the air to the two-way heat exchange unit, and conveys the air to the nitrogen adsorbing and desorbing unit after the air is subjected to temperature reduction treatment by the two-way heat exchange unit; and the gas vacuumized from the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit enters the bidirectional heat exchange unit to absorb the heat in the bidirectional heat exchange unit.
14. The adsorptive vacuum desorption oxygen production process according to claim 12,
when the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit desorbs the adsorbed nitrogen in a vacuum state, oxygen in the oxygen buffer unit enters the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit to flush the nitrogen adsorption and desorption unit.
15. The method for oxygen production by adsorption vacuum desorption as claimed in any one of claims 12 to 14 wherein the gas delivery and extraction unit pressurizes the air output from the gas purification unit to 0.6Kg/cm2-1.0Kg/cm2。
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