CN111633471B - Optical tool setting gauge and tool setting method - Google Patents
Optical tool setting gauge and tool setting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111633471B CN111633471B CN202010412518.1A CN202010412518A CN111633471B CN 111633471 B CN111633471 B CN 111633471B CN 202010412518 A CN202010412518 A CN 202010412518A CN 111633471 B CN111633471 B CN 111633471B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/22—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring existing or desired position of tool or work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/24—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an optical tool setting gauge and a tool setting method. After the tool set chuck is connected with the measuring reference part, when the tool is in a calibration state, the central axes of the main shaft, the chuck and the measuring reference part are superposed, the optical axis of the optical imaging device is perpendicular to and intersected with the central axis of the measuring reference part, and the intersection point of the optical imaging device and the measuring reference part is superposed with the objective lens focus of the optical imaging device and the tool nose of the measuring reference part. When the error occurs in the center of the cutter, the relation is deviated, the imaging system can display the specific error of the center of the cutter in a three-dimensional coordinate mode through the display, and a user can adjust the measuring reference part to enable the measuring reference part to conform to the relation again. The tool setting gauge is simple in structure and convenient to operate, and a machine tool user can automatically operate and correct tool errors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool equipment, in particular to an optical tool setting gauge and a tool setting method.
Background
The precision degree of the tool point of the machine tool directly influences the precision degree of a machined surface type, and for some precision parts, the machining precision even reaches the nanometer-scale requirement, and at the moment, the precision adjustment of the tool point of the tool is very important. The traditional tool nose adjusting mode mainly comprises two types: firstly, the tool setting is adjusted to mechanical type, carries out standard measurement to the tool at the in-process of equipment lathe promptly to adjustment tool center. The adjusting method is too complex in process and needs professional auxiliary equipment, so that a user cannot use the tool setting gauge to correct errors by himself after the machine tool has errors. And secondly, tool setting is adjusted in a mechanical mode by combining a microscope, namely, a face shape is obtained by cutting a workpiece, the cutting center point and the workpiece center point are observed and compared by using the microscope, so that an error is determined, and then a jig preset on a machine tool is adjusted to obtain a new tool center. When the tool setting gauge is used for correcting, repeated testing is needed to achieve the effect, the time consumption in the tool setting process is long, and the efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, there is a need for an optical tool setting gauge that is suitable for a user of a machine tool to correct tool setting by himself and can correct errors quickly.
In addition, a tool setting method is also provided.
An optical tool setting gauge comprising:
the main shaft box is internally provided with a main shaft;
the front gland is fixedly connected with the spindle box, a first through hole is formed in the front gland, and one end of the spindle penetrates through the first through hole;
the connecting piece is detachably connected with the front gland, a second through hole is formed in the connecting piece, and a first locking mechanism is arranged on one side of the connecting piece, which is far away from the front gland;
the chuck is arranged in the second through hole, one end of the chuck is fixedly connected with the main shaft, and the other end of the chuck is provided with a clamping part which is used for connecting a measurement reference part; and
the imaging system comprises an optical imaging device, a digital image sensor and an image display which are sequentially and electrically connected, and the imaging system is fixedly connected with the first locking mechanism;
the central axes of the main shaft and the chuck are coincided, the optical axis of the optical imaging device is perpendicular to and intersected with the central axis of the main shaft, and the intersection point of the optical axis and the central axis coincides with the focal point of an objective lens of the optical imaging device.
In one embodiment, the optical imaging device further comprises a light source, the light source is a backlight telecentric illumination light source, a second locking mechanism is arranged on one side, away from the front gland, of the connecting piece, the light source is fixedly connected with the second locking mechanism and arranged opposite to the optical imaging device, and a light beam axis of the light source coincides with an optical axis of the optical imaging device.
In one embodiment, a first positioning reference combination is arranged on the front gland, the first positioning reference combination comprises a first positioning reference, a second positioning reference and a third positioning reference, the first positioning reference is a circular hole, the second positioning reference is a linear V-shaped groove, the third positioning reference is a plane, a positioning part combination matched with the first positioning reference combination is arranged on the connecting piece, the positioning part combination comprises a first positioning part, a second positioning part and a third positioning part, and when the first positioning reference combination is combined with the positioning part combination, the front gland and the connecting piece are in a first positioning connection state.
In one embodiment, the front gland is further provided with a second positioning reference combination matched with the positioning part combination, the second positioning reference combination comprises a fourth positioning reference, a fifth positioning reference and a sixth positioning reference, the fourth positioning reference is a circular hole, the fifth positioning reference is a linear V-shaped groove, the sixth positioning reference is a plane, and when the second positioning reference combination is combined with the positioning part combination, the front gland and the connecting piece are in a second positioning connection state.
In one embodiment, the second positioning reference combination and the first positioning reference combination are distributed in a staggered manner by an angle a, and the angle a is greater than 0 degree and less than or equal to 180 degrees.
In one embodiment, the front press cover further comprises a fastening device, wherein the fastening device comprises a magnetic part and a magnet, the magnetic part is arranged on the front press cover, and the magnet is arranged on the connecting piece.
After the clamping part is connected with the measuring reference part, if the measuring reference part is in a calibration state, the central axes of the main shaft, the chuck and the measuring reference part are superposed, the optical axis of the optical imaging device is perpendicular to and intersected with the central axes of the main shaft, the chuck and the measuring reference part, and the intersection point of the optical axis and the central axes of the objective lens of the optical imaging device is superposed with the tool nose of the measuring reference part. If the measuring reference part is in a non-calibration state, the relation is deviated, the imaging system can display the error of the cutter head of the measuring reference part in a three-dimensional coordinate mode through the display, and a user can adjust the measuring reference part to enable the measuring reference part to conform to the relation again, so that the measuring reference part is calibrated. The tool setting gauge is simple in structure and convenient to operate, and a machine tool user can automatically operate and correct tool errors.
A tool setting method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the optical imaging device acquires a digital image of the cutter head;
step 2: the digital image sensor converts the digital image into a digital signal and receives origin setting information;
and step 3: the image processing software calculates the coordinates of the tool bit according to the digital signal and the original point setting information;
and 4, step 4: the display displays the coordinate information of the tool bit;
and 5: and receiving the position adjustment of the cutter head.
In one embodiment, steps 1 to 5 are repeatedly performed.
In one embodiment, the origin is presented in the display in the form of a cross hair intersection.
In one embodiment, the display displays at least one set of data of the cutting tip circular arc center position coordinate, the cutting tip height coordinate, the cutting tip circular arc radius, the circular arc contour width error, the upper and lower tool setting difference value and the left and right tool setting difference value of the cutting head.
According to the tool setting method, the position of the tool bit is presented in a three-dimensional coordinate mode, the error can be visually obtained through the coordinate value, after the error is determined, the error of the tool bit can be corrected by adjusting the position of the measuring reference piece, and the coordinate position of the tool tip is displayed in real time through the displayer in the adjusting process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical tool setting gauge according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the optical tool setting gauge shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical tool setting gauge according to another embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the optical tool setting gauge shown in FIG. 3 after being connected with a measurement reference member;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the front cover;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the connector;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the connection between the first positioning reference and the first positioning portion in the first positioning connection state;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the connection between the second positioning datum and the second positioning portion in the first positioning connection state;
fig. 9 is a schematic view illustrating a connection between a third positioning reference and a third positioning portion in a first positioning connection state;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the fastening device;
FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of a front cover;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the connection between the fourth positioning reference and the first positioning portion in the second positioning connection state;
fig. 13 is a schematic view illustrating a connection between the fifth positioning reference and the second positioning portion in the second positioning connection state;
fig. 14 is a schematic view illustrating connection between the sixth positioning reference and the third positioning portion in the second positioning connection state;
fig. 15 is a flow chart of a tool setting method using the tool setting gauge of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention can be embodied in many different forms than those herein described and many modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" or "in communication with" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an optical tool setting gauge 10 includes a headstock 100, a front gland 200, a connecting member 300, a collet 700, and an imaging system.
The spindle head 100 is internally provided with a spindle 110 which plays a role in protecting the spindle 110, and one end of the spindle head 100 is fixedly connected with the front gland 200.
Specifically, the spindle head 100 is hollow, the spindle 110 is disposed in the spindle head 100, a threaded hole is disposed at an end of the spindle head 100, a connection hole matched with the threaded hole is disposed on the front gland 200, and the spindle head 100 and the front gland 200 are connected by a connection hole screw.
Referring to fig. 5, the front cover 200 has a first connecting end S1 (not shown) and a second connecting end S2, and the first connecting end S1 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 110.
Specifically, the front gland 200 is provided with a first through hole 240 penetrating the first connection end S1 and the second connection end S2, and the main shaft 110 is connected with the cartridge 700 through the first through hole 240. The front gland 200 is provided with a connecting hole matched with the threaded hole at the end part of the main spindle box 100, and a screw is arranged in the connecting hole, so that the first connecting end S1 of the front gland 200 is fixedly connected with the main spindle box 100.
The second connection end S2 of the front cover 200 is detachably connected to the connection member 300.
Specifically, the second connection end S2 of the front gland 200 is provided with a first positioning reference assembly 210, the first positioning reference assembly 210 matches with a positioning portion assembly 310 provided on the connection member 300, and when the first positioning reference assembly 210 is combined with the positioning portion assembly 310 of the connection member 300, the front gland 200 and the connection member 300 are in a first positioning connection state.
Further, the first positioning reference assembly 210 includes a first positioning reference 211, a second positioning reference 212, and a third positioning reference 213, wherein the first positioning reference 211 is a circular hole, the second positioning reference 212 is a linear V-shaped groove, and the third positioning reference 213 is a plane.
Furthermore, the connecting line between the centers of the first positioning reference 211, the second positioning reference 212 and the third positioning reference 213 and the center of the second connecting end S2 is in a Y shape, and the included angle between any two connecting lines is 120 degrees.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 11, the front cover 200 is provided with a first positioning reference assembly 210 and a second positioning reference assembly 220. When the first positioning reference combination 210 is combined with the positioning part combination 310 of the connector 300, the front gland 200 and the connector 300 are in a first positioning connection state. When the second positioning reference combination 220 is combined with the positioning part combination 310 of the link 300, the front cover 200 and the link 300 are in the second positioning connection state.
Specifically, the first positioning reference combination 210 includes a first positioning reference 211, a second positioning reference 212, and a third positioning reference 213, wherein the first positioning reference 211 is a circular hole, the second positioning reference 212 is a linear V-shaped groove, and the third positioning reference 213 is a plane. The second positioning reference assembly 220 includes a fourth positioning reference 221, a fifth positioning reference 222 and a sixth positioning reference 223, wherein the fourth positioning reference 221 is a circular hole, the fifth positioning reference 222 is a linear V-shaped groove, and the sixth positioning reference 223 is a plane.
Furthermore, the connecting line between the centers of the first positioning reference 211, the second positioning reference 212 and the third positioning reference 213 and the center of the second connecting end S2 is in a Y shape, and the included angle between any two connecting lines is 120 degrees. The centers of the fourth positioning reference 221, the fifth positioning reference 222 and the sixth positioning reference 223 form a Y shape with the central connecting line of the second connecting end S2, and the included angle between any two connecting lines is 120 degrees.
Furthermore, the first positioning reference combination 210 and the second positioning reference combination 220 are distributed in a staggered manner at an angle a, and the angle a is greater than 0 degree and less than or equal to 180 degrees.
In this embodiment, the angle a is 90 degrees, and when the connection member 300 and the connection member 200 are switched from the first positioning connection state to the second connection state, the imaging system and the light source 510 fixed on the connection member 300 are correspondingly rotated by 90 degrees, so that the measurement reference member 800 is calibrated from another angle, which is beneficial to improving the calibration accuracy.
Referring to fig. 6, the connector 300 has a third connecting end S3 and a fourth connecting end S4 (not shown), and a second through hole 330 penetrating through the third connecting end S3 and the fourth connecting end S4, wherein the connector 300 is detachably connected to the front cover 200.
The connecting member 300 is provided with a positioning portion assembly 310, the positioning portion assembly 310 is matched with the first positioning reference assembly 210 and the second positioning reference assembly 220, when the positioning portion assembly 310 is combined with the first positioning reference assembly 210, the connecting member 300 and the front gland 200 are in a first positioning connection state, and when the positioning portion assembly 310 is combined with the second positioning reference assembly 220, the connecting member 300 and the front gland 200 are in a second positioning connection state.
Specifically, referring to fig. 7 to 9, the positioning portion assembly 310 further includes three convex spheres of the first positioning portion 311, the second positioning portion 312 and the third positioning portion 313, as shown in fig. 7 to 9, a diameter of the sphere of the first positioning portion 311 matches a diameter of the circular hole of the first positioning reference 211, and when the diameter of the first positioning portion 311 and the diameter of the first positioning portion 311 are combined, an outer surface of the convex sphere of the first positioning portion 311 is tangent to an inner wall circumference of the circular hole of the first positioning reference 211. When the convex spherical shape of the second positioning portion 312 is combined with the V-shaped groove of the second positioning reference 212, the convex spherical shape of the second positioning portion 312 is simultaneously tangent to both sides of the V-shaped groove of the second positioning reference 212. When the spherical shape of the protrusion of the third positioning portion 313 is combined with the plane of the third positioning reference 213, the top of the spherical shape of the protrusion of the third positioning portion 313 is tangent to the plane of the third positioning reference 213. Referring to fig. 12 to 14, the spherical diameter of the first positioning portion 311 matches the diameter of the circular hole of the fourth positioning reference 221, and when the first positioning portion 311 is combined with the fourth positioning reference 221, the spherical outer surface of the first positioning portion 311 is tangent to the circumference of the inner wall of the circular hole of the fourth positioning reference 221; when the spherical shape of the second positioning portion 312 is combined with the V-shaped groove of the fifth positioning reference 222, the outer surface of the second positioning portion 312 is tangent to both side walls of the V-shaped groove of the fifth positioning reference 222; when the third positioning portion 313 spherically merges with the sixth positioning reference 223 plane, the apex of the spherical surface of the third positioning portion 313 is tangent to the sixth positioning reference 223 plane.
When the connector 300 needs to achieve the first positioning connection state with the front gland 200, the connector 300 is close to the front gland 200, and the convex sphere of the first positioning part 311 is combined with the circular hole of the first positioning datum 211; at this time, the connection member 300 may rotate on the second connection end S2 with the first positioning portion 311 as the axis until the convex spherical shape of the second positioning portion 312 is engaged with the V-shaped groove of the second positioning reference 212; at this time, the connection member 300 may rotate about a line connecting the first positioning portion 311 and the second positioning portion 312 until the convex ball of the third positioning portion 313 is combined with the plane of the third positioning reference 213, and at this time, the connection member 300 is connected to the front cover 200 in a positioning manner.
When the connector 300 needs to achieve the second positioning connection state with the front gland 200, the connector 300 is close to the front gland 200, and the convex sphere of the first positioning portion 311 is combined with the round hole of the fourth positioning datum 221; at this time, the connection member 300 may rotate on the second connection end S2 with the first positioning portion 311 as the axis until the convex spherical shape of the second positioning portion 312 is engaged with the V-shaped groove of the fifth positioning reference 222; at this time, the connection member 300 may rotate about a line connecting the first positioning portion 311 and the second positioning portion 312 until the convex ball of the third positioning portion 313 is combined with the plane of the sixth positioning reference 223, and at this time, the connection member 300 is connected to the front cover 200 in a positioning manner.
The fourth connecting end S4 of the connecting member 300 is provided with a first locking mechanism 400, and the first locking mechanism 400 is fixedly connected to the imaging system.
In some embodiments, the second locking mechanism 410 is disposed on the fourth connecting end S4 of the connecting member 300, the first locking mechanism 400 and the second locking mechanism 410 are disposed opposite to each other on the fourth connecting end S4, and a central line between the first locking mechanism 400 and the second locking mechanism 410 passes through a center of the fourth connecting end S4, and the second locking mechanism 410 is fixedly connected to the light source 510.
Further, the first locking mechanism 400 is provided directly above the fourth connection end S4, and the second locking mechanism 410 is provided directly below the fourth connection end S4, with the center line parallel to the vertical line.
Referring to fig. 1, the chuck 700 is disposed in the second through hole 330, one end of the chuck is fixedly connected to the spindle 110, the other end of the chuck is disposed with a clamping portion 710, the clamping portion 710 is used for connecting the measurement reference member 800, and a central axis of the chuck 700 coincides with a central axis of the spindle 110.
Specifically, the cross-section of the collet 700 is designed in a convex shape, and the clamping portion 710 is disposed on the protrusion.
Referring to fig. 2, the imaging system includes an optical imaging device 500, a digital image sensor 600 and an image display 610, the optical imaging device 500, the digital image sensor 600 and the image display 610 are electrically connected, and the imaging system is fixedly connected to the first locking mechanism 400.
Specifically, after the clamping portion 710 is connected to the measuring reference member 800, the optical imaging device 500 is used to capture a digital image of the measuring reference member 800, the image capturing end of the optical imaging device 500 faces the measuring reference member 800, the non-image capturing end of the optical imaging device is fixedly connected to one end of the digital image sensor 600, the optical axis of the optical imaging device 500 is perpendicular to and intersects with the central axis of the measuring reference member 800, and the intersection point of the optical imaging device 500 coincides with the focal point of the objective lens of the optical imaging device 500 and the knife edge of the measuring reference member 800. The digital image sensor 600 is used to convert the vertical image into a digital signal, one end of the digital image sensor is fixedly connected to the optical imaging device 500, and the other end of the digital image sensor is fixedly connected to the display 610, and in addition, the digital image sensor 600 is also fixedly connected to the first locking mechanism 400, so that the imaging system can be fixed to the first locking mechanism 400. The display 610 is used to display a digital image of the measurement reference member 800.
In some embodiments, the optical tool setting gauge 10 is further provided with a light source. Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the light source 510 is fixedly connected to the second locking mechanism 410, the illumination end of the light source faces the optical imaging device 500, the beam axis coincides with the optical axis of the optical imaging device 500, and is perpendicular to and intersects with the central axes of the spindle 110 and the chuck 700, and when the focal point of the objective lens of the optical imaging device 500 coincides with the intersection point, the measurement reference 800 is adjusted to make the beam emitted by the light source 510 tangent to the tool tip at the center of the tool, and at this time, the measurement reference 800 is in the calibration state. Therefore, by providing the light source 510, on the one hand, it is helpful to improve the calibration accuracy of the measurement reference member 800, and on the other hand, it is possible to greatly reduce the calibration difficulty, which is helpful to improve the calibration efficiency.
Further, light source 510 is a backlit telecentric illumination source.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1 and 10, the optical tool setting gauge 10 further includes a fastening device. The fastening device comprises a magnetic part 230 and a magnet 320, wherein the magnetic part 230 is fixedly arranged on the front gland 200, the magnet 320 is fixedly arranged on the front gland 200, and the front gland 200 and the connecting piece 300 are in a relatively locked fixed state through the magnetic adsorption effect of the magnetic part 230 and the magnet 320.
Specifically, the magnetic member 230 is made of a magnetic material that can be attracted by a magnet, and the optional magnetic material includes any one of iron, cobalt, nickel, and manganese. The magnet 320 is a permanent magnet or an electromagnet, and can adsorb a magnetic material, and the permanent magnet is selected from any one of samarium cobalt magnet, neodymium iron boron magnet, ferrite magnet, alnico magnet, and iron chromium cobalt magnet.
Specifically, referring to fig. 5, 6 and 10, the magnetic member 230 includes a first magnetic member 231, a second magnetic member 232 and a third magnetic member 233, the magnet 320 includes a first magnet 321, a second magnet 322 and a third magnet 323, the first magnetic member 231 is matched with the first magnet 321 in position, the second magnetic member 232 is matched with the second magnet 322 in position, and the third magnetic member 233 is matched with the third magnet 323 in position.
Further, the first magnetic member 231, the second magnetic member 232, and the third magnetic member 233 are three magnetic screws, and the magnetic screws are disposed in the through holes, thereby fixing the front cover 200 to the headstock 100, and generating magnetic attraction with the magnet 320, so that the coupling member 300 is fixed to the front cover 200.
In some embodiments, the magnetic member 230 is served by the front gland 200.
Specifically, the front cover 200 is made of a magnetic material, and when the magnet 320 approaches the front cover 200, the magnet 320 and the front cover 200 generate a magnetic attraction effect, thereby fixing the connector 300 to the front cover 200.
In the optical tool setting gauge, after the clamping part 710 is connected to the measurement reference 800, when the measurement reference 800 is in the alignment state, the central axes of the spindle 110, the chuck 710 and the measurement reference 800 are overlapped, the optical axis of the optical imaging device 500 is perpendicular to and intersects the central axes of the spindle 110, the chuck 710 and the measurement reference 800, and the intersection point is overlapped with the focal point of the objective lens of the optical imaging device 500 and the knife edge of the measurement reference 800. If the measurement reference 800 is in the uncalibrated state, the relationship will deviate, the imaging system may display the tool bit error of the measurement reference 800 in three-dimensional coordinates via the display 610, and the user may calibrate the measurement reference 800 by adjusting the measurement reference 800 to conform to the relationship again. The tool setting gauge is simple in structure and convenient to operate, and a machine tool user can automatically operate and correct tool errors.
The tool setting method of an embodiment, as shown in fig. 15, includes the following steps:
and S10, the optical imaging device 500 acquires a digital image of the tool bit.
The optical imaging device 500 captures a digital image of the tool tip of the measurement reference member 800, and the size of the field of view of the optical imaging device 500 is determined by the geometry and shape of the measurement reference member 800.
S20, the digital image sensor 600 converts the digital image into a digital signal and receives origin setting information.
A point is selected on the digital image sensor 600 as a reference origin, the coordinate of the point is defined as (0, 0), the imaging system obtains a digital image by taking the point as a reference, the center position of the arc of the tool nose and the height of the tool nose are calculated, and the precision and the resolution of the digital signal depend on the precision of the optical imaging device 500 and the pixel number of the digital image sensor 600.
And S30, calculating the coordinates of the tool bit by the image processing software according to the digital signal and the original point setting information.
The image processing software 600 calculates the center position coordinates of the arc of the blade tip, the radius of the arc, the width error of the arc wheel, and the position of the blade tip when measuring the height of the blade tip, based on the digital signal and the origin setting information.
And S40, displaying the tool bit coordinate information by the display 610.
The display 610 displays the coordinate information of the tool bit in the form of three-dimensional coordinates, and can visually see which side of the origin the arc center position of the tool tip deviates from with reference to the origin, and when the height of the tool tip is measured, it can be seen whether the tool tip is above or below the origin.
S50, the measurement reference member 800 receives the position adjustment.
The operator adjusts the position of the measuring reference part 800 according to the coordinate information displayed by the display 610, and the tool setting gauge receives the adjustment information of the measuring reference part 800, so that the height and the position of the tool tip meet the requirements.
In some embodiments, the steps S10 to S50 are repeated, and the coordinates of the tool bit are displayed on the display 610 in real time during the adjustment process, and the adjustment is performed for multiple times until the error is eliminated, so that the height and the position of the tool bit meet the requirements.
In some embodiments, the origin point is presented in the form of a cross-hair intersection in the display 610 for viewing by the operator.
In some embodiments, the display 610 displays at least one set of data of the center position coordinate of the arc of the tool tip, the height coordinate of the tool tip, the radius of the arc of the tool tip, the error of the contour width of the arc, the difference between the upper and lower tool settings, and the difference between the left and right tool settings, thereby facilitating the calibration of the error by the operator.
According to the tool setting method, the position of the tool bit is presented in a three-dimensional coordinate mode, the error can be intuitively obtained through the coordinate value, after the error is determined, the error of the tool bit can be corrected by adjusting the position of the measuring reference piece 800, the coordinate position of the tool tip is displayed in real time through the display 610 in the adjusting process, the tool setting method is specific and intuitive, the adjusting time can be greatly shortened, and the adjusting efficiency is improved.
Specific examples are as follows.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 7, fig. 8, fig. 9, and fig. 10, the optical tool setting gauge 10 of the present embodiment includes a headstock 100, a front gland 200, a connecting member 300, a chuck 700, and an imaging system.
The spindle box 100 is internally provided with a spindle 110, the front gland 200 is provided with a first connecting end S1 connected with a second connecting end S2, the front gland 200 is provided with a first through hole 240 penetrating through the first connecting end S1 and the second connecting end S2, the first connecting end S1 is fixedly connected with the spindle box 100 through a magnetic screw 230, the second connecting end S2 is provided with a first positioning reference combination 210, the first positioning reference combination 210 comprises a first positioning reference 211, a second positioning reference 212 and a third positioning reference 213, wherein the first positioning reference 211 is a round hole, the second positioning reference 212 is a V-shaped groove, the third positioning reference 213 is a plane, connecting lines of the first positioning reference 211, the second positioning reference 212, the third positioning reference 213 and the center of the second connecting end S2 are in a Y shape, and an included angle between any two connecting lines is 120 degrees.
The connecting member 300 has a third connecting end S3 and a fourth connecting end S4, the connecting member 300 is provided with a second through hole 330 penetrating through the third connecting end S3 and the fourth connecting end S4, the third connecting end S3 is provided with a positioning portion assembly 310 matching with the first positioning reference assembly 210, and the positioning portion assembly 310 further includes three convex spherical shapes of a first positioning portion 311, a second positioning portion 312 and a third positioning portion 313. When the connector 300 needs to be connected with the front gland 200 in a positioning manner, the connector 300 is close to the front gland 200, and the convex sphere of the first positioning part 311 is combined with the circular hole of the first positioning datum 211; at this time, the outer surface of the convex sphere of the first positioning portion 311 is tangent to the inner wall circumference of the circular hole of the first positioning reference 211, and the connecting element 300 can rotate on the second connecting end S2 with the first positioning portion 311 as the axis until the convex sphere of the second positioning portion 312 is combined with the V-shaped groove of the second positioning reference 212; at this time, the convex spherical shape of the second positioning portion 312 is tangent to both sides of the V-shaped groove of the second positioning reference 212, and the connector 300 may rotate around a line connecting the first positioning portion 311 and the second positioning portion 312 as an axis until the convex spherical shape of the third positioning portion 313 is combined with the plane of the third positioning reference 213, at this time, the convex spherical top of the third positioning portion 313 is tangent to the plane of the third positioning reference 213, and the connector 300 is connected to the front cover 200 in a positioning manner. The second connecting end S4 is provided with a first locking mechanism 400, and the first locking mechanism 400 is fixedly connected to the imaging system.
The collet 700 is disposed in the second through hole 330, and one end of the collet is fixedly connected to the spindle 110, and the other end of the collet is provided with a clamping portion 710, in this embodiment, the clamping portion 710 is fixedly connected to the measurement datum 800.
The imaging system includes an optical imaging device 500, a digital image sensor 600, and an image display 610 electrically connected.
The fastening device includes a magnetic member 230 and a magnet 320, the magnetic member 230 is a magnetic screw, and is disposed in the through hole of the second connecting end S2, on one hand, the front gland 200 is fixedly connected to the spindle box 100, on the other hand, the magnetic screw generates magnetic attraction with the magnet 320, the magnet 320 is disposed at the third connecting end S3, and the position of the magnet is matched with the magnetic member 230, in this embodiment, the magnet 320 is an electromagnet.
In the optical feeler gauge, when the clamping portion 710 is connected to the measurement reference 800, and the measurement reference 800 is in the alignment state, the central axes of the spindle 110, the collet 700, and the measurement reference 800 are aligned, the optical axis of the optical imaging device 500 is perpendicular to and intersects the central axes of the spindle 110, the collet 700, and the measurement reference 800, and the intersection point of the optical axis is aligned with the focal point of the objective lens of the optical imaging device 500 and the knife edge of the measurement reference 800. If the measurement reference member 800 is in the non-calibrated state, the relationship will deviate, the imaging system may display the tool tip error of the measurement reference member 800 in three-dimensional coordinates via the display 610, and the user may calibrate the measurement reference member 800 by adjusting the measurement reference member 800 to conform to the relationship again. The tool setting gauge is simple in structure and convenient to operate, and a machine tool user can automatically operate and correct tool errors.
The tool setting method in this embodiment can be referred to fig. 15, which includes the following steps:
(1) the optical imaging device 500 obtains a digital image of the tool bit by photographing;
(2) the digital image sensor 600 converts the acquired digital image of the tool bit into a digital signal, receives the setting information of the origin point selected by the operator, defines the coordinate of the origin point as (0, 0), and calculates the center position of the circular arc of the tool nose and the height of the tool nose by taking the point as a reference by the digital image acquired by the imaging system.
(3) The image processing software 600 calculates the center position coordinates of the arc of the blade tip, the radius of the arc, the width error of the arc wheel, and the position of the blade tip when measuring the height of the blade tip, based on the digital signal and the origin setting information.
(4) The display 610 displays the coordinate information of the tool bit in the form of three-dimensional coordinates, and can visually see which side of the origin the arc center position of the tool tip deviates from with reference to the origin, and when the height of the tool tip is measured, it can be seen whether the tool tip is above or below the origin.
(5) The operator adjusts the position of the measuring reference part 800 according to the coordinate information displayed by the display 610, and the tool setting gauge receives the adjustment information of the measuring reference part 800, so that the height and the position of the tool tip meet the requirements.
According to the tool setting method, the position of the tool bit is presented in a cross coordinate mode, the error can be visually obtained through coordinate values, after the error is determined, the error of the tool bit can be corrected by adjusting the position of the measuring reference piece 800, the coordinate position of the tool bit is displayed in real time through the display 610 in the adjusting process, the tool setting method is specific and visual, the adjusting time can be greatly shortened, and the adjusting efficiency is improved.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 3 to 10, the optical tool setting gauge 10 provided in this embodiment is similar to that in embodiment 1, except that the optical tool setting gauge 10 further includes a light source 510.
The fourth connection end S4 of the connection member 300 is further provided with a second locking mechanism 410, the second locking mechanism 410 is fixedly connected to the light source 510, the light source 510 is a backlight telecentric illumination, the light source end of the light source 510 faces the optical imaging device 500, and the light beam axis of the light source end is coincident with the optical axis of the optical imaging device 500 and is perpendicular to and intersected with the central axis of the measurement reference member 800.
In the above-described optical tool setting gauge, when the clamping portion 710 is connected to the measurement reference 800, and the measurement reference 800 is in the alignment state, the central axes of the spindle 110, the collet 700, and the measurement reference 800 are aligned, the optical axis of the optical imaging device 500 is aligned with the beam axis of the light source 510, and is perpendicular to and intersects the central axes of the spindle 110, the collet 700, and the measurement reference 800, and the intersection point thereof is aligned with the focal point of the objective lens of the optical imaging device 500 and the edge of the measurement reference 800. If the measurement reference member 800 is in a non-calibrated state, the above relationship will be biased, the imaging system may display the tool bit error of the measurement reference member 800 in a three-dimensional coordinate form through the display 610, and in a case where the central axes of the spindle 110, the collet 700, and the measurement reference member 800 coincide, the user may adjust the length of the measurement reference member 800 in the axial direction thereof, and when the light beam emitted by the light source 510 is tangential to the tool tip at the center of the tool, the measurement reference member 800 is in a calibrated state, so that the light source 510 is disposed, which is helpful to improve the calibration accuracy of the measurement reference member 800, and on the other hand, may greatly reduce the calibration difficulty, and is helpful to improve the calibration efficiency. The tool setting gauge is simple in structure and convenient to operate, and a machine tool user can automatically operate and correct tool errors.
The tool setting method provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) the optical imaging device 500 obtains a digital image of the tool bit by photographing;
(2) the digital image sensor 600 converts the acquired digital image of the tool bit into a digital signal, receives the setting information of the origin selected by the operator, positions the coordinate of the origin as (0, 0), and calculates the center position of the arc of the tool nose and the height of the tool nose by using the point as the reference by the imaging system to acquire the digital image.
(3) The image processing software 600 calculates the center position coordinates of the arc of the blade tip, the radius of the arc, the width error of the arc wheel, and the position of the blade tip when measuring the height of the blade tip, based on the digital signal and the origin setting information.
(4) The display 610 displays the coordinate information of the tool bit in the form of three-dimensional coordinates, and can visually see which side of the origin the arc center position of the tool tip deviates from with reference to the origin, and when the height of the tool tip is measured, it can be seen whether the tool tip is above or below the origin.
(5) The operator adjusts the position of the measurement reference member 800 according to the coordinate information displayed on the display 610, and the tool setting gauge receives the adjustment information of the measurement reference member 800.
(6) And (5) repeatedly executing the steps (1) to (5), and enabling the height and the position of the tool nose to meet the requirements through multiple times of adjustment.
According to the tool setting method, the position of the tool bit is presented in a cross coordinate mode, the error can be visually obtained through coordinate values, after the error is determined, the error of the tool bit can be corrected by adjusting the position of the measuring reference piece 800, the coordinate position of the tool bit is displayed in real time through the display 610 in the adjusting process, the tool setting method is specific and visual, the adjusting time can be greatly shortened, and the adjusting efficiency is improved.
Example 3
The optical tool setting gauge 10 of the present embodiment can refer to fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 6, fig. 10, fig. 11, fig. 12, fig. 13, and fig. 14, and is similar to embodiment 2, except that: (1) the front cover 200 serves as a magnetic member; (2) the front cover 200 is provided with a first positioning reference assembly 210 and a second reference assembly 220.
The main spindle 110 is disposed in the main spindle box 100, and the front cover 200 has a first connecting end S1 connected to the second connecting end S2.
The front gland 200 is provided with a first through hole 240 penetrating through the first connecting end S1 and the second connecting end S2, the first connecting end S1 is fixedly connected with the spindle box 100 through a screw 230, the front gland 200 is made of magnetic material iron, the second connecting end S2 is provided with a first positioning reference combination 210 and a second reference combination 220, the first positioning reference combination 210 comprises a first positioning reference 211, a second positioning reference 212 and a third positioning reference 213, wherein the first positioning reference 211 is a round hole, the second positioning reference 212 is a V-shaped groove, the third positioning reference 213 is a plane, connecting lines of the centers of the first positioning reference 211, the second positioning reference 212 and the third positioning reference 213 and the second connecting end S2 are in a Y shape, and an included angle between any two connecting lines is 120 degrees. The second positioning reference assembly 220 includes a fourth positioning reference 221, a fifth positioning reference 222, and a sixth positioning reference 223, wherein the fourth positioning reference 221 is a circular hole, the fifth positioning reference 222 is a V-shaped groove, the sixth positioning reference 223 is a plane, connecting lines between the fourth positioning reference 221, the fifth positioning reference 222, and the sixth positioning reference 223 and the center of the second connection end S2 are Y-shaped, and an included angle between any two connecting lines is 120 degrees. The first positioning reference assembly 210 and the second positioning reference assembly 220 are disposed in a staggered arrangement with an angle a, in this embodiment, the angle a is 90 degrees.
The connecting member 300 has a third connecting end S3 and a fourth connecting end S4, the connecting member 300 is provided with a second through hole 330 penetrating through the third connecting end S3 and the fourth connecting end S4, the third connecting end S3 is provided with a positioning portion assembly 310 matching with the first positioning reference assembly 210 and the second positioning reference assembly 220, and the positioning portion assembly 310 further includes three convex spherical shapes of a first positioning portion 311, a second positioning portion 312 and a third positioning portion 313. When the positioning portion assembly 310 is combined with the first positioning reference assembly 210, the front cover 200 and the connecting member 300 are in the first positioning connection state, and when the positioning portion assembly 310 is combined with the second positioning reference assembly 220, the front cover 200 and the connecting member 300 are in the second positioning connection state. The second connecting end S4 is provided with a first locking mechanism 400 and a second locking mechanism 410, the first locking mechanism 400 is fixedly connected to the imaging system, and the second locking mechanism 410 is fixedly connected to the light source 510.
The collet 700 is disposed in the second through hole 330, and one end of the collet is fixedly connected to the spindle 110, and the other end of the collet is provided with a clamping portion 710, in this embodiment, the clamping portion 710 is fixedly connected to the measurement datum 800.
The imaging system includes an optical imaging device 500, a digital image sensor 600, and an image display 610 electrically connected.
The light source 510 is fixedly connected with the connecting member 300 through the second locking mechanism 410, a light source end of the light source 510 faces the optical imaging device 500, and a light beam axis of the light source end coincides with an optical axis of the optical imaging device 500 and is perpendicular to and intersects with a central axis of the measurement reference member 800.
Fastener includes magnetic part 230 and magnet 320, and in this embodiment, preceding gland 200 is made by magnetic material iron, acts as magnetic part 230 by preceding gland 200, and it can produce magnetic adsorption with magnet 320, and third link S3 is located to magnet 320, and in this embodiment, first magnet 321 is samarium cobalt magnet, and second magnet 322 is neodymium iron boron magnet, and third magnet 323 is alnico magnet.
In the above optical tool setting gauge, after the clamping part 710 is connected to the measurement reference member 800, when the positioning part assembly 310 is combined with the first positioning reference assembly 210, the front cover 200 and the connecting member 300 are in the first positioning connection device, at this time, if the measurement reference member 800 is in the calibration state, the central axes of the spindle 110, the collet 700 and the measurement reference member 800 are overlapped, the optical axis of the optical imaging device 500 is overlapped with the beam axis of the light source 510, and is perpendicular to and intersects with the central axes of the spindle 110, the collet 700 and the measurement reference member 800, and the intersection point thereof is overlapped with the objective lens focus of the optical imaging device 500 and the knife edge of the measurement reference member 800. If the measurement reference member 800 is in the non-calibrated state, the relationship will deviate, the imaging system may display the tool tip error of the measurement reference member 800 in three-dimensional coordinates via the display 610, and the user may calibrate the measurement reference member 800 by adjusting the measurement reference member 800 to conform to the relationship again.
When the positioning portion assembly 310 is combined with the second positioning reference assembly 220, the front cover 200 and the connecting member 300 are in the second positioning connection state, and compared with the first positioning connection state, the imaging system and the light source 510 fixed on the connecting member 300 are rotated by 90 degrees along with the connecting member 300, and the measuring reference member 800 is detected from another angle, thereby improving the measuring accuracy. The optical tool setting gauge is simple in structure and convenient to operate, and a machine tool user can automatically operate and correct the tool error.
Referring to fig. 15, the tool setting method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
(1) the optical imaging device 500 obtains a digital image of the tool bit by photographing;
(2) the digital image sensor 600 converts the acquired digital image of the tool bit into a digital signal, receives the setting information of the origin selected by the operator, positions the coordinate of the origin as (0, 0), and calculates the center position of the arc of the tool nose and the height of the tool nose by using the point as the reference by the imaging system to acquire the digital image.
(3) The image processing software 600 calculates the center position coordinates of the arc of the blade tip, the radius of the arc, the width error of the arc wheel, and the position of the blade tip when measuring the height of the blade tip, based on the digital signal and the origin setting information.
(4) The display 610 displays the coordinate information of the tool bit in the form of three-dimensional coordinates, and can visually see which side of the origin the arc center position of the tool tip deviates from with reference to the origin, and when the height of the tool tip is measured, it can be seen whether the tool tip is above or below the origin.
(5) The operator adjusts the position of the measuring reference part 800 according to the coordinate information displayed by the display 610, and the tool setting gauge receives the adjustment information of the measuring reference part 800, so that the height and the position of the tool tip meet the requirements.
(6) And (5) repeatedly executing the steps (1) to (5) to enable the height and the position of the tool nose to meet the requirements.
According to the tool setting method, the position of the tool bit is presented in a cross coordinate mode, at least one group of data of the position coordinate of the arc center of the tool bit, the height coordinate of the tool bit, the radius of the arc of the tool bit, the width error of the arc contour, the difference value between the upper tool setting and the lower tool setting and the difference value between the left tool setting and the right tool setting of the tool bit are displayed on the display 610, the error can be obtained visually through coordinate values, after the error is determined, the error of the tool bit can be corrected by adjusting the position of the measuring reference piece 800, the coordinate position of the tool bit is displayed in real time through the display 610 in the adjusting process, the tool setting method is specific and visual, the adjusting time can be greatly shortened, and the adjusting efficiency is improved.
Example 4
The tool setting gauge 10 of the present embodiment is similar to embodiment 3, except that the offset included angle a between the first positioning reference combination 210 and the second positioning reference combination 220 is 180 degrees.
The tool setting method is the same as that of the embodiment 3.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. An optical tool setting gauge, comprising:
a main spindle box (100) in which a main spindle (110) is provided;
the front gland (200) is fixedly connected with the spindle box (100), a first through hole (240) is formed in the front gland, one end of the spindle (110) penetrates through the first through hole (240), and a first positioning reference combination (210) is arranged on the front gland (200);
the connecting piece (300) is detachably connected with the front gland (200), a second through hole (330) is formed in the connecting piece, a first locking mechanism (400) is arranged on one side of the connecting piece, which is far away from the front gland (200), and a positioning part combination (310) matched with the first positioning reference combination (210) is arranged on the connecting piece (300);
the first positioning reference combination (210) comprises a first positioning reference (211), a second positioning reference (212) and a third positioning reference (213), the first positioning reference (211) is a round hole, the second positioning reference (212) is a linear V-shaped groove, the third positioning reference (213) is a plane, the positioning part combination (310) comprises a first positioning part (311), a second positioning part (312) and a third positioning part (313), and when the first positioning reference combination (210) is combined with the positioning part combination (310), the front gland (200) and the connecting piece (300) are in a first positioning connection state;
the chuck (700) is arranged in the second through hole (330), one end of the chuck is fixedly connected with the spindle (110), the other end of the chuck is provided with a clamping part (710), and the clamping part (710) is used for connecting a measuring reference piece (800);
the imaging system comprises an optical imaging device (500), a digital image sensor (600) and an image display (610) which are electrically connected in sequence, and the imaging system is fixedly connected with the first locking mechanism (400);
the light source (510) is a backlight telecentric illumination light source, the light source (510) is fixedly arranged on the connecting piece (300) and is arranged opposite to the optical imaging device (500), and the light beam axis of the light source (510) is superposed with the optical axis of the optical imaging device (500);
the central axes of the spindle (110) and the chuck (700) are coincident, the optical axis of the optical imaging device (500) is perpendicular to and intersects with the central axis of the spindle (110), and the intersection point of the optical axis and the central axis coincides with the focal point of an objective lens of the optical imaging device (500);
the fastening device comprises a magnetic part (230) and a magnet (320), the magnetic part (230) is arranged on the front gland (200), and the magnet (320) is arranged on the connecting piece (300); the magnetic part (230) comprises a first magnetic part (231), a second magnetic part (232) and a third magnetic part (233), the magnet (320) comprises a first magnet (321), a second magnet (322) and a third magnet (323), the position of the first magnetic part (231) is matched with that of the first magnet (321), the position of the second magnetic part (232) is matched with that of the second magnet (322), and the position of the third magnetic part (233) is matched with that of the third magnet (323); the first magnetic part (231), the second magnetic part (232) and the third magnetic part (233) are three magnetic screws, and the magnetic screws are arranged in the through holes, so that the front gland (200) is fixed on the spindle box (100) on one hand, and magnetic adsorption is generated between the magnetic screws and the magnet (320) on the other hand, and the connecting piece (300) is fixed on the front gland (200).
2. The optical tool setting gauge according to claim 1, wherein a second locking mechanism (410) is arranged on one side of the connecting piece (300) far away from the front gland (200), and the light source (510) is fixedly connected with the second locking mechanism (410).
3. The optical tool setting gauge according to claim 1, wherein a second positioning reference combination (220) matched with the positioning part combination (310) is further arranged on the front gland (200), the second positioning reference combination (220) comprises a fourth positioning reference (221), a fifth positioning reference (222) and a sixth positioning reference (223), the fourth positioning reference (221) is a circular hole, the fifth positioning reference (222) is a linear V-shaped groove, the sixth positioning reference (223) is a plane, and when the second positioning reference combination (220) is combined with the positioning part combination (310), the front gland (200) and the connecting piece (300) are in a second positioning connection state.
4. The optical tool setting gauge according to claim 3, wherein the second positioning reference combination (220) and the first positioning reference combination (210) are arranged in a staggered manner by an angle a, and the angle a is greater than 0 degree and less than or equal to 180 degrees.
5. A tool setting method implemented by using the optical tool setting gauge as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: the optical imaging device (500) acquires a digital image of the tool bit;
step 2: a digital image sensor (600) converting the digital image into a digital signal and receiving origin setting information;
and step 3: the image processing software calculates the coordinates of the tool bit according to the digital signal and the original point setting information;
and 4, step 4: a display (610) displays the tool bit coordinate information; and 5: receiving the position adjustment of the cutter head;
step 6: receiving the positioning connection state adjustment between the front gland (200) and the connecting piece (300).
6. The tool setting method according to claim 5, characterized in that steps 1 to 6 are repeatedly performed.
7. The tool setting method according to claim 5, characterized in that the origin point is presented in the display (610) in the form of a cross hair intersection.
8. The tool setting method according to claim 5, characterized in that at least one set of data of the tool tip circular arc center position coordinate, the tool tip height coordinate, the tool tip circular arc radius, the circular arc profile width error, the up-down tool setting difference value and the left-right tool setting difference value of the tool tip is displayed on the display (610).
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| CN112264836B (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2022-06-24 | 内江金鸿曲轴有限公司 | Intelligent tool setting monitoring method for CNC (computer numerical control) tool |
| CN116037974B (en) * | 2023-02-28 | 2024-07-02 | 宁夏共享精密加工有限公司 | Checking method for tool setting gauge of double tool towers of machine tool |
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