CN111624674A - Simulation system for evolution of deposition sequence formation - Google Patents

Simulation system for evolution of deposition sequence formation Download PDF

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CN111624674A
CN111624674A CN202010515320.6A CN202010515320A CN111624674A CN 111624674 A CN111624674 A CN 111624674A CN 202010515320 A CN202010515320 A CN 202010515320A CN 111624674 A CN111624674 A CN 111624674A
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林畅松
刘景彦
李�浩
许宏昆
张曼莉
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China University of Geosciences Beijing
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Abstract

The invention discloses a simulation system for evolution of formation of a deposition sequence, which comprises a deposition compaction step; sediment load balancing sedimentation; the geometry of the deposition sequence; the basin filling process simulation comprises: the geometrical shape and the deposition equilibrium surface of the debris deposition sequence; carbonate rock sedimentary sequence. The invention establishes a conceptual model of a comprehensive sequence simulation software system, distinguishes factors for controlling sequence development and evolution, such as sea level change, structure lifting, sediment supply, climate change and the like, quantitatively analyzes the control effect of each factor, simulates the sedimentation process and the filling process of a basin, inspects a geological model and predicts, has important guiding significance for distribution prediction of oil and gas reservoirs, and has great economic value in oil and gas exploration.

Description

Simulation system for evolution of deposition sequence formation
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of simulation of formation and evolution of a deposition sequence, in particular to a simulation system for formation and evolution of a deposition sequence.
Background
In the last decade, theoretical models and simulation techniques for sedimentary basins have developed very rapidly. Sedimentary basin analysis has shifted from qualitative static descriptions to dynamic quantitative process studies. Simulation analysis is the application of quantitative descriptions and analysis of basin parameters and processes to build theoretical models and dynamically simulate or "simulate" the dynamic processes of the basin by computer technology. With the correct modeling and simulation system, the geological process and its possible results can be dynamically reproduced by varying various control parameters. Therefore, basin process simulation is helpful for accurately evaluating various unknown parameters, analyzing geological effects and the intrinsic connection of results, and further checking geological interpretation and predicting. At present, the field of simulation research of basin processes is continuously widened, the whole process of basin formation and evolution is related, the whole process comprises basin formation, sedimentation, filling process, mineralization and the like, and the method shows huge and profound research and application prospects.
The sequence stratigraphy simulation is an emerging basin simulation technology developed along with the birth of the sequence stratigraphy in recent years, and has important influence on the theoretical development of the sequence stratigraphy and the analysis and quantitative prediction of basin deposition. The concept of "containable space" which plays an important role in the theoretical development of the stratigraphic stratum is the result of quantitative simulation research performed by Jervey and the like. Through simulation, the understanding of the development and the composition characteristics of the sequence can be deepened, the control factors of the evolution of the sequence formation are revealed, the spatial combination and the distribution pattern of a sedimentary system and a sedimentary facies are quantitatively analyzed and predicted, and the exploration prediction scheme of a forward-porch basin is rapidly tested.
However, the above technology has the defect that qualitative conceptual models are generally difficult to analyze the interaction of multiple control factors and the cause connection of sequence development.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a simulation system for evolution of the formation of a deposition sequence. The development and evolution of the sequence are controlled by factors such as sea level change, structure lifting, sediment supply, climate change and the like, a conceptual model of a comprehensive sequence simulation software system is proposed to be established, the factors are distinguished, the control effect of each factor is quantitatively analyzed, and the sedimentation process and the filling process of the basin are simulated. The method has the advantages that the control effect of the changes of basin structure, sea (lake) plane, sediment supply and the like on the formation process, the geometric form and the sediment system distribution of the sediment sequence is quantitatively analyzed, the geological model can be checked and predicted, the method has important guiding significance for the distribution prediction of oil and gas reservoirs, the method has great economic value in oil and gas exploration, and the problems in the background technology can be effectively solved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a simulation system for evolution of sedimentary sequence formation, which comprises:
the method comprises the following steps: simulation of a sedimentation process of a basin and simulation of a basin filling process, the simulation of a sedimentation process of a basin comprising:
sedimentation of the structure of the basin;
compacting the deposit;
sediment load balancing sedimentation;
the geometry of the deposition sequence;
the basin filling process simulation comprises:
the geometrical shape and the deposition equilibrium surface of the debris deposition sequence;
carbonate rock sedimentary sequence.
As a preferred solution, the constructional settlement of the basin is entered by the following method:
applying a back stripping method to obtain a sedimentation rate as sedimentation input of sequence simulation;
calculating the settlement by applying a proper theoretical model, and determining the settlement rate and the evolution of the basin by adopting a uniform instantaneous tensile model or a cantilever beam model for the valley-cracked basin;
the settling rate and its variation are determined by the software user as desired.
As a preferred approach, the deposit compaction includes:
sediment compaction is affected by lithology, sedimentation rate, and fluid action, and under normal compaction conditions, the porosity of the deposit is generally assumed to be exponential in depth (Athy, 1930; Allen p.a. and Allen j.r., 1992):
Figure BDA0002529890960000031
in the shallow part of the basin, the depth versus porosity relationship may be better calculated using the following formula (Falvey and middlleton, 1981):
Figure BDA0002529890960000032
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002529890960000033
is the porosity at a depth of y,
Figure BDA0002529890960000034
surface porosity, c compaction factor,
Figure BDA0002529890960000035
and c is lithology, and can be obtained by laboratory analysis and known statistical data analysis, and the depth of the top and bottom of the deposit is Y2And Y1When the sediment is settled to a certain depth, the depth of the top and the bottom of the sediment layer is S2And S1The thickness of the deposit after compaction is given by the following formula (Allen p.a. and Allen j.r., 1992):
Figure BDA0002529890960000036
as a preferred scheme, the sediment load balancing sedimentation comprises:
considering gravity equilibrium sedimentation of sediment in basin filling simulation process, setting basin structure sedimentation as Y, water filling, sedimentation as S after water in basin is replaced by sediment, considering only local or Airy equilibrium (Turcotte and southern, 1977), then:
Figure BDA0002529890960000041
where Y is the structural settlement, ρm、ρs、ρwRespectively, the density of mantle, sediment and water, and if flexural equilibrium is considered, the flexural settlement w (x) (Allen p.a. and Allen j.r., 1992) caused by the load l (x) can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002529890960000042
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002529890960000043
for flexural rigidity, it depends mainly on the magnitude of the effective elastic thickness, and when the basin is wide or the effective elastic thickness is small, the flexural balance approaches the local balance.
Preferably, the geometry and deposition equilibrium surface of the debris deposition sequence comprise:
the sedimentation equilibrium surface is a state that the basin kinetic energy condition and the sedimentation landform reach equilibrium, the rising or the lowering of the equilibrium surface is directly related to the change of the sedimentation datum plane, and the sedimentation equilibrium surface has a certain change trend from the terrestrial environment to the marine environment and is related to the energy of different parts of the sedimentation basin; in a two-dimensional profile, generally represented by the slope of the deposition surface; determining a deposition equilibrium surface, namely analyzing and determining the deposition equilibrium surface by removing compaction correction and eliminating the influence of structure according to the observation result of predecessors on the modern environment and combining the deposition form displayed by the seismic section;
in modeling, different sedimentary or dephasing domains can be represented by different sedimentary ramps or curves, the occurrence of sedimentary action always going from strong to weak, the corresponding sedimentary equilibrium surface gradually tapering from steep.
As a preferred embodiment, the carbonate sedimentary sequence comprises:
in a carbonate deposition area lacking in terrestrial debris, the deposition rate of carbonate is closely related to the photosynthesis and the growth rate of organisms, the organisms multiply in a shallow water light zone of less than 6-8m, the deposition rate of carbonate rock is high, the growth rate of the carbonate rock is rapidly reduced along with the increase of the depth, and the deposition rate of the carbonate rock can be expressed as a function of the water depth.
As a preferred solution, the sequence simulation system of the sedimentary basin further comprises a change of a sedimentary datum level:
in the marine basin, the variations in sea level are considered to be substantially coincident with the variations in depositional datum level, which in the lake basin represent the local depositional datum level of the lake basin, are controlled by various factors and often exhibit different levels of variation, which can be reflected by the superposition of sinusoidal functions of different amplitudes:
Figure BDA0002529890960000051
one or more technical schemes provided by the invention at least have the following technical effects or advantages:
1. the development and evolution of the sequence are controlled by factors such as sea level change, structure lifting, sediment supply, climate change and the like, a conceptual model of a comprehensive sequence simulation software system is established, the factors are distinguished, the control effect of each factor on the formation process, the geometric form and the distribution of a deposition system of the deposition sequence is quantitatively analyzed, the sedimentation process and the filling process of a basin are simulated, a geological model is checked and predicted, the method has important guiding significance for the distribution prediction of the oil and gas reservoir bodies, and has great economic value in oil and gas exploration.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a deposition sequence simulation flow in a sequence simulation system of a deposition basin according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
For better understanding of the above technical solutions, the following detailed descriptions will be provided in conjunction with the drawings and the detailed description of the present invention.
Example (b):
referring to fig. 1, the invention relies on a Windows system to establish a sequence simulation system-ssms (sequential modeling system) which is composed of two subsystems of basin settlement process simulation and basin filling process simulation, and is a set of simulation system with strong comprehensiveness.
Simulating a forward model combining inverted settlement backsetting and basin formation in the sedimentation process of the basin; the basin filling simulation comprehensively considers factors such as basin sedimentation, gravity equilibrium effect, sea (lake) level lifting, sediment supply, erosion effect, sediment distribution, compaction and the like.
Fig. 1 shows a calculation flow of the SSMS simulation system. After the original form of the basin is set from the beginning, the simulation of each time interval is from 'determining the sediment supply amount' to 'compacting the sediment', and the simulated sequence stratigraphic structure and sedimentary facies distribution pattern can be obtained through n times of repetition according to the requirement of the geological model.
1. Structural settlement of basin
The determination of basin formation subsidence is one of the key issues in sequence stratigraphic simulation. The quantitative description can be generally carried out by a forward or inverse method. The inputs in the SSMS software we have created can be entered by the following methods: (1) applying a back stripping method to obtain a sedimentation rate as sedimentation input of sequence simulation; (2) calculating the settlement amount by using a proper theoretical model, and determining the settlement rate and the evolution of the basin by adopting a uniform instantaneous tensile model or a cantilever beam model and the like for the valley-cracked basin; (3) the settling rate and its variation are determined by the software user as desired.
2. Deposit compaction
The process of compaction of a deposit is influenced by factors such as lithology, settling rate, and fluid action. Lithology tends to play a dominant role. Under normal compaction conditions, it is generally assumed that the porosity of the deposit is exponentially related to depth (Athy, 1930; Allen P.A. and Allen J.R., 1992):
Figure BDA0002529890960000071
in the shallow part of the basin, the depth versus porosity relationship may be better calculated using the following formula (Falvey and middlleton, 1981):
Figure BDA0002529890960000072
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002529890960000073
is the porosity at a depth of y,
Figure BDA0002529890960000074
surface porosity and c compaction factor.
Figure BDA0002529890960000075
And c are primarily lithology related and can be determined by laboratory analysis and statistical analysis of known data. Setting the top and bottom depths of the deposited layer as Y2And Y1The depth of the top and bottom of the deposit at a certain depth of subsidence is S2 and S1, and the thickness of the deposit after compaction is given by the following formula (Allen p.a. and Allen j.r., 1992):
Figure BDA0002529890960000076
3. sediment load balanced settlement
Gravity-balanced settling of sediment must be considered in the basin filling simulation process. Assuming that the basin structure settles to Y (water filling), water in the basin is replaced by sediment and then settles to S, considering only local or Airy equilibrium (turcote and acraham, 1977), there are:
Figure BDA0002529890960000081
where Y is the structural settlement, ρm、ρs、ρwRespectively, mantle, sediment and water density. If flexural balance is considered, the flexural settlement w (x) caused by the load l (x) can be expressed (without considering the horizontal stress):
Figure BDA0002529890960000082
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002529890960000083
the flexural rigidity depends mainly on the effective elastic thickness (Te). When the basin is wide or the effective elastic thickness is small, the flexural balance approaches local balance.
4. Geometry of the deposition sequence
The technical routes and methods of basin filling simulation are numerous, the choice of which depends on the purpose, scale and object of the simulation. The simulation of the process of carrying, dispersing and stacking the sediments by focusing on research is often described by a hydrodynamic method; the simulation for the purpose of analyzing the geometrical relationship between the macroscopic process and the deposition sequence is often described by a geometrical method. The SSMS simulation software established in the research mainly aims at simulating the geometrical morphology and distribution of a deposition system.
(1) Geometry and deposition uniformity of chip deposition sequence
The chip deposition sequence and the shape and distribution of the deposited body are the comprehensive results of various deposition operations and structural actions before the deposit is carried, accumulated and reconstructed until the deposit is buried. We do not care about the specific processes of these effects and focus on the overall results of these effects, i.e. the sequence of the deposited layers and the external morphology and internal composition characteristics of the deposited body, which are produced by their interaction over a period of time. Under conditions of equilibrium, the depositional geometry and the overall lithofacies pattern may be generally described by a so-called "depositional equilibrium surface".
The concept of a sedimentary equilibrium surface has long been known, and Powell proposed the existence of an equilibrium interface, called a sedimentary level, under the river as early as 1875. But the systematic application of the concept to the analysis of the geometry of the sediment body is started after the occurrence of the stratigraphy of the sequence. The sedimentation equilibrium surface is actually a state where the basin kinetic energy condition and the sedimentation topography reach equilibrium. The rise or fall of the equilibrium surface is directly related to the change in the deposition reference surface. The sedimentation equilibrium surface from the terrestrial environment to the marine environment has a certain variation trend, and is related to the energy of different parts of the sedimentation basin. In a two-dimensional cross-section, it is generally represented by the slope of the deposition surface. The determination of the sedimentary equilibrium surface can be determined by analysis (to debulk and eliminate the influence of the structure) according to the observation result of the modern environment by the predecessor and the combination of the sedimentary morphology displayed by the seismic section. Cant et al applied this concept to perform detailed geometric analyses of the depositional sequence, sequence interfaces, and distribution of depositional phases.
In modeling, different depositional or dephasic domains (depositional or facies tracks) may be represented by different depositional slopes or curves. The deposition always occurs from strong to weak, and the corresponding deposition equilibrium surface (slope) gradually becomes steeper and steeper.
For example, from the alluvial fan to the river plains, from the shore zone or the delta leading edge to the far shore zone, and from the continental slope to the deep sea plains, all have the variation trends that the deposition kinetic energy is from strong to weak, and the deposition equilibrium surface is gradually reduced from steep. Generally, the decrease in deposition rate at the distal end of the debris deposition system can be considered to be exponentially decreasing. For simplicity, the depositional ramp for each depositional domain may be given by:
(x) Ax + B when a < x ≦ B (proximal) (6)
f(x)=T0e-cxWhen b is<x is less than or equal to c (far end) (7)
A, B, T therein0A, c define a deposition domain that is constant. In a two-dimensional cross-section, the lateral area side of the deposition sequence can be represented as:
Figure BDA0002529890960000091
wherein the amount of sediment supplied from outside the basin to inside the basin is SI, the corresponding amount of sediment accumulated in the basin is DS, ff (x) is a function describing the cross section of the deposition sequence, which is defined by the top and bottom interfaces (sediment equilibrium surfaces) of the deposition sequence.
(2) Sedimentary sequence of carbonate rock
In the carbonate deposition area lacking in the terrestrial debris, the deposition rate of carbonate is closely related to the growth rate of photosynthesis and organisms. The organisms breed massively in a shallow water light zone smaller than 6-8m, the deposition rate of the carbonate rock is high, and the growth rate of the carbonate rock is reduced rapidly along with the increase of the depth. The carbonate deposition rate can be expressed as a function of water depth. On a macroscopic scale, the relationship can be applied to simulate the relationship between the geometrical morphology of the carbonate sedimentary horizon and the structure settlement and sea level lifting. Assuming that the deposition rate of carbonate is ff (v), the deposition time is t, and the deposition thickness h is given by:
Figure BDA0002529890960000101
5. variation of deposition reference plane
In the marine basin, the variations in sea level are considered to substantially coincide with the variations in the sedimentary datum. In the lake basin, the lake plane represents a local deposition reference plane of the lake basin. The variation of the deposition reference surface is controlled by a number of factors and often shows different levels of variation, which can be reflected by the superposition of sinusoidal functions of different amplitudes:
Figure BDA0002529890960000102
6. analysis of simulation examples
Relatively stable coastal facies deposits often develop at the edge of discrete continents or at the post-fissure stage of the riflescent basin. In these zones, fluctuations in sea level may be a major factor controlling the development of rank 3-4 sequences. Research shows that under the condition of unchanged or little change of the set sediment supply rate and the set sedimentation rate, two classical sequence interfaces and sequence types, namely type I and type II, can be simulated by using SSMS through changing the sea level height. Layer sequence boundaries of type i can be achieved by setting a rapid sea level drop. The sea level needs to be lowered below the break point. Deposition occurs only on the side of the slope toward the sea. The layer sequence interface II is formed when the sea level is kept unchanged or descends, but is higher than the slope break point. The use and function of the SSMS simulation system are illustrated below by the example of simulated analysis of the development process of the sequence at the late stage of the pot fissure at the edge of the discrete continent.
Basin settlement is associated with thermal decay at the post-fissure stage of discrete continent edges or rift valley basins, with the rate of settlement decaying exponentially over time. Section one set the sedimentation rate decays from 65m/Ma at the beginning to 20-25m/Ma after 25 Ma. The sea level changes in a symmetrical Sin period, and the lifting amplitude is +/-200 m. The land of the sedimentary slope (balance surface) is 0.07, the coastal plain is 0.005, the shoal sea is 0.04, the maximum depth is 250m, the continental slope is 0.08, and the maximum depth is 1200 m. At the same time, it is assumed that there is sufficient time for the sedimentation or erosion to reach equilibrium when the sea level is rising or falling. The simulation gives the relative sea level and its relationship to the sedimentary system domain superimposed by the tectonic settlement and sea level variations. It can be seen that the three sea level low stage erosion surfaces form three sequence interfaces. The top of the high water level system area is obviously eroded (the erosion reaches an equilibrium state), and the low water level area and the water inlet system area are well preserved. The sequence of early development is in the early stage of thermal decay sedimentation, the sedimentation rate is high, and a system domain with overall rapid water inflow is formed. Three phylogenetic domains in the middle part of the sequence are completely developed. The sedimentation center migrates toward the basin due to the gradual decrease in sedimentation rate.
In order to analyze the influence of the construction settlement rate and the sea level lifting amplitude on the sequence structure and the sequence (interface) type, the construction settlement rate and the sea level lifting amplitude can be respectively changed to carry out simulation experiments.
When the lifting amplitude of the sea level is increased from +/-200 m to +/-250 m, the lifting amplitude of the sea level is increased, so that the deposition system is obviously propelled towards the sea direction when the sea level descends, and the development of a low-level region and the formation of an I-type sequence are facilitated; when the sea level rises, the deposition system obviously retreats towards the land direction, and the deposition system migrates for a long distance to form a deposition sequence structure with obvious sea advance and sea retreat, which is obviously different from the section I.
The sedimentation rate was reduced from the first 120m/Ma to 20-25m/Ma, the other conditions being in accordance with the simulation conditions of section one. The rapid settlement results in a large rise relative to sea level, and the slope forms a deepwater basin. The developing sequence is mainly the type II sequence, the development border system domain and the hypo system domain are poor or not developed.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A deposition sequence evolution simulation system, comprising: the method comprises the following steps: simulation of a sedimentation process of a basin and simulation of a basin filling process, the simulation of a sedimentation process of a basin comprising:
sedimentation of the structure of the basin;
compacting the deposit;
sediment load balancing sedimentation;
the geometry of the deposition sequence;
the basin filling process simulation comprises:
the geometrical shape and the deposition equilibrium surface of the debris deposition sequence;
carbonate rock sedimentary sequence.
2. The deposition sequence evolution simulation system of claim 1, wherein: the structural settlement of the basin is input by the following method:
applying a back stripping method to obtain a sedimentation rate as sedimentation input of sequence simulation;
calculating the settlement by applying a proper theoretical model, and determining the settlement rate and the evolution of the basin by adopting a uniform instantaneous tensile model or a cantilever beam model for the valley-cracked basin;
the settling rate and its variation are determined by the software user as desired.
3. The deposition sequence evolution simulation system of claim 1, wherein: the deposit compaction includes:
the deposit compaction process is affected by lithology, settling rate and fluid action, and under normal compaction conditions, it is generally assumed that the porosity of the deposit is exponentially related to depth:
Figure FDA0002529890950000011
in the shallow part of the basin, the relationship between the depth and the porosity is changed into the following formula to calculate the fitting degree possibly better
Figure FDA0002529890950000021
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002529890950000022
is the porosity at a depth of y,
Figure FDA0002529890950000023
surface porosity, c compaction factor,
Figure FDA0002529890950000024
and c is lithology related and can be determined by laboratory analysis and statistical analysis of known data. Setting the top and bottom depths of the deposited layer as Y2And Y1When the sediment is settled to a certain depth, the depth of the top and the bottom of the sediment layer is S2And S1The thickness of the deposit after densification is given by:
Figure FDA0002529890950000025
4. the deposition sequence evolution simulation system of claim 1, wherein: the sediment load balancing settlement comprises:
in the basin filling simulation process, gravity equilibrium sedimentation of sediments is considered, the basin structure sedimentation is set as Y, water filling is carried out, the sedimentation of water in the basin is set as S after the sediments are replaced, and only local equilibrium or Airy equilibrium is considered, so that the method comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002529890950000026
where Y is the structural settlement, ρm、ρs、ρwRespectively, the density of mantle, sediment and water, and, if flexural balance is considered, irrespective of the horizontal stress, the flexural settlement w (x) caused by the load l (x) can be expressed as:
Figure FDA0002529890950000027
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002529890950000028
for flexural rigidity, it depends primarily on the effective elastic thickness TeWhen the basin is wide or the effective elastic thickness is small, the flexural balance approaches the local balance.
5. The deposition sequence evolution simulation system of claim 1, wherein: the geometry and deposition equilibrium surface of the debris deposition sequence comprise:
the sedimentation equilibrium surface is a state that the basin kinetic energy condition and the sedimentation landform reach equilibrium, the rising or the lowering of the equilibrium surface is directly related to the change of the sedimentation datum plane, and the sedimentation equilibrium surface has a certain change trend from the terrestrial environment to the marine environment and is related to the energy of different parts of the sedimentation basin. In a two-dimensional cross-section, it is generally represented by the slope of the deposition surface. Determining a deposition equilibrium surface, namely analyzing and determining the deposition equilibrium surface by removing compaction correction and eliminating the influence of structure according to the observation result of predecessors on the modern environment and combining the deposition form displayed by the seismic section;
in modeling, different sedimentary or dephasing domains can be represented by different sedimentary ramps or curves, the occurrence of sedimentary action always going from strong to weak, the corresponding sedimentary equilibrium surface gradually tapering from steep.
6. The deposition sequence evolution simulation system of claim 1, wherein: the sedimentary sequence of carbonate rock comprises:
in a carbonate deposition area lacking in terrestrial debris, the deposition rate of carbonate is closely related to the photosynthesis and the growth rate of organisms, the organisms multiply in a shallow water light zone of less than 6-8m, the deposition rate of carbonate rock is high, the growth rate of the carbonate rock is rapidly reduced along with the increase of the depth, and the deposition rate of the carbonate rock can be expressed as a function of the water depth.
7. The deposition sequence evolution simulation system of claim 1, wherein: also included are variations in deposition datum:
in the marine basin, the variations in sea level are considered to be substantially consistent with the variations in depositional benchmarks; in the lake basin, the lake plane represents a local deposition reference plane of the lake basin. The variation of the deposition reference surface is controlled by a number of factors and often shows different levels of variation, which can be reflected by the superposition of sinusoidal functions of different amplitudes:
Figure FDA0002529890950000031
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