CN111623747B - Ground settlement monitoring system and monitoring method thereof - Google Patents
Ground settlement monitoring system and monitoring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111623747B CN111623747B CN202010321437.0A CN202010321437A CN111623747B CN 111623747 B CN111623747 B CN 111623747B CN 202010321437 A CN202010321437 A CN 202010321437A CN 111623747 B CN111623747 B CN 111623747B
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Abstract
The application discloses ground settlement monitoring system and monitoring method thereof, and the system comprises: the working base point is arranged at the relatively stable position of the earth surface foundation, and a leveling point cap head is arranged on the ground of the working base point; the displacement monitoring devices are arranged at corresponding monitoring points and comprise fixed rods arranged in the ground, fixing devices are arranged at the top ends of the fixed rods, displacement sensors are fixedly arranged in the fixing devices, the measuring ends of the displacement sensors are connected with one ends of connecting wires, the other ends of the connecting wires are connected with the leveling point cap heads, through holes for the connecting wires to penetrate through are formed in the shells of the fixing devices, protective tubes are sleeved outside the connecting wires, and the protective tubes are buried under the ground surface; and the signal processor is connected with the displacement sensors and the control host.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure generally relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering surface settlement monitoring, in particular to a surface settlement monitoring system and a monitoring method thereof.
Background
The ground settlement monitoring is an important component of tunnel construction, ground settlement is monitored according to a certain period in the tunnel construction and later operation processes, data obtained through monitoring are calculated and processed, the ground settlement is finally obtained, and engineering construction is guided and processed according to the ground settlement. The existing conventional earth surface settlement monitoring methods comprise a settlement plate method, a settlement cup method, an iron ring layered settlement gauge method, a profile settlement gauge method and the like, the monitoring methods are complex to install, difficult in data acquisition, large in workload and disturbing in construction, further influence the construction quality and the progress of engineering measurement, and cannot meet the requirements of real-time and high-efficiency earth surface settlement monitoring at the entrance section of the tunnel,
therefore, an automatic monitoring system for ground surface settlement with the characteristics of real-time, automation, high efficiency, high precision and the like is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies or inadequacies in the prior art, it would be desirable to provide a surface subsidence monitoring scheme.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a ground surface settlement monitoring system, including:
the working base point is arranged at the relatively stable position of the earth surface foundation, and a leveling point cap head is arranged on the ground of the working base point;
the displacement monitoring devices are arranged at corresponding monitoring points and comprise fixing rods, fixing devices, displacement sensors and connecting wires, the fixing rods are arranged in the ground in a punching mode, the fixing devices are fixedly connected with the fixing rods, the displacement sensors are fixedly arranged in the fixing devices, the measuring ends of the displacement sensors are connected with one ends of the connecting wires, the other ends of the connecting wires are connected with the leveling point cap heads, through holes for the connecting wires to penetrate through are formed in the shells of the fixing devices, protective tubes are sleeved outside the connecting wires, and the protective tubes are buried under the ground surface;
and the signal processor is connected with the plurality of displacement sensors and is connected with the unmanned control host.
The connecting wire is a rigid metal core rope, so that when the displacement of the monitoring point is measured, the inaccuracy of the measuring result caused by the deformation of the connecting wire can be avoided.
Fixing device includes fixed baseplate and is used for holding displacement sensor's guard box, fixed baseplate with the top fixed connection of dead lever, the guard box is located fixed baseplate is last, be equipped with on the box of guard box and be used for the via hole that the connecting wire passed.
The fixing base is provided with a screw hole, the box body of the protection box is provided with a base plate corresponding to the screw hole, the base plate is provided with a matching screw hole, and the fixing base and the protection box are fixedly connected through a screw penetrating through the screw hole and a screw rod matching with the screw hole.
And the rod body of the fixed rod is provided with raised threads.
The signal processor is connected with the unmanned control host computer, and the unmanned control host computer is connected with the remote control computer in a wireless transmission mode.
The remote control computer is provided with an early warning module for forecasting that the settlement is greater than a set value.
The earth surface settlement monitoring system also comprises a mobile terminal, and the mobile terminal is connected with the remote control computer through a network.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a monitoring method for a ground surface settlement monitoring system, including the following steps:
selecting at least one working base point and a plurality of monitoring points, arranging a leveling point cap head at the working base point, arranging a fixed rod, a displacement sensor and a signal processor at the monitoring points, arranging a connecting wire for measuring the displacement of the monitoring points between the leveling point cap head and the displacement sensor, arranging a protection tube outside the connecting wire, and transmitting a signal acquired by the displacement sensor to a host by the signal processor;
the host computer acquires and stores the leveling point cap head, the initial elevations of the monitoring points and the initial inclined distance between each displacement sensor and the leveling point cap head;
and the host acquires displacement values monitored by the displacement sensors so as to obtain the settlement amount at each monitoring point.
The host computer obtains the horizontal distance D between the monitoring points and the connecting line of the leveling point cap heads through the initial elevations of the leveling point cap heads A, the monitoring points B and the initial inclined distances L between the displacement sensors and the leveling point cap heads, and the host computer obtains the horizontal distance D between the monitoring points and the connecting line of the leveling point cap heads according to the change value L of the inclined distances between the corresponding monitoring points and the leveling point cap heads1And acquiring the settlement amount delta h at the measuring point. Wherein, the initial slant distance between the displacement sensor and the level point cap head can be determined by the length of the connecting line. It will be appreciated that the connecting wire may be a separate cord having one end connected to the measuring end of the displacement sensor and the other end connected to the level point cap head, or a pull cord displacement sensor and will pull the cordThe stay cord length of rope sensor is customized, and whatever mode all is in the scope of protection of this application.
According to the ground surface settlement monitoring scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the more accurate monitoring base point can be obtained through the arrangement of the working base point; through setting up a plurality of displacement monitoring devices, can monitor the relative settlement volume of monitoring point for the work basic point in each treat monitoring area, can draw out the earth's surface settlement curve graph according to the settlement data of every monitoring point, local table settlement monitoring system easy operation can not receive electromagnetic interference, easily construction and maintenance, and construction cost is lower relatively. The monitoring system has the advantages of reasonable structural design, low cost, strong applicability and simple operation, can monitor the ground surface settlement of the tunnel entrance section, can monitor the large-area ground surface settlement of infrastructures such as deep foundation pits, buildings and office buildings, and has better application prospect.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic distribution diagram of a monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a connection base of a monitoring device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a monitoring system of a monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of a monitoring system of a monitoring device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the monitoring principle of the embodiment of the invention.
Wherein, 1-level point cap head; 2-a protection box; 3-connecting the base; 4, punching the upper surface; 5-side holes; 6, a backing plate; 7-matching screw holes; 8-base screw hole; 9-a central screw hole; 10-screw rod; 11-raised thread; 12-a connecting wire; 13-a signal processor; 14-a fixing rod; 15-unmanned control host; 16-a data storage server; 17-remote control computer; 18 — mobile end.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the invention and not all of the invention. For convenience of description, only portions related to the invention are shown in the drawings.
It will be readily understood that the components of the embodiments of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, could be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations without departing from the scope of the present invention. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant invention and not restrictive of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be further noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the connection may be direct or indirect via an intermediate medium, and may be a communication between the two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is: the ground monitoring network comprises a displacement sensor, a signal processor 13, a connecting wire 12, a fixed rod 14, a leveling point cap head 1 and a protection box 2, the data remote real-time transmission system comprises an unmanned control host 15 and a data acquisition wireless transmitter, the remote monitoring system comprises a data storage server 16, a remote control computer 17 and a mobile terminal 18, a first ground surface settlement signal monitored by the displacement sensor is transmitted to the signal processor 13, the signal processor 13 transmits data to the unmanned control host 15 in a digital signal mode through a signal wire, corresponding processing is carried out on the data, the data are further transmitted to the remote control computer 17 through a GPRS wireless transmission module, the remote computer further processes the data to finally obtain a real-time settlement deformation result between a working base point and a monitoring point and realizes the real-time settlement deformation result on a computer screen And time display is carried out, and the information can be transmitted to the mobile terminal through the Internet, so that the real-time dynamic monitoring of the settlement and deformation conditions of the earth surface at the entrance section of the tunnel is realized.
According to the actual conditions of engineering geology and engineering design requirements, a certain number of working base points 1 are selected, the working base points are selected in a relatively stable area of a foundation, a leveling point cap head 1 is buried in each working base point, and each leveling point cap head 1 is made of copper or stainless steel materials. The working base point is a leveling point, a leveling point cap head 1 is buried about 15 days before the displacement sensor is installed, and the elevation of the working base point is determined.
The leveling point is selected to be embedded in a place with good concealment, good visibility and safety. The foundation of the laid leveling point is stable. The operating base point is embedded with a leveling cap head 1 made of copper or stainless steel.
Monitoring points are arranged in an area to be monitored according to design requirements, and a settlement monitoring point distribution diagram is drawn according to a design drawing of a tunnel entrance section so as to determine the positions and initial elevations of the settlement monitoring points. A fixed monitoring sequence is established between the working base point and the settlement monitoring point, each monitoring is ensured to follow a uniform route, and then the settlement data is processed by the remote control computer 17, a ground surface settlement grid map is drawn, and the overall ground surface settlement condition is visually displayed.
The displacement monitoring devices are arranged at corresponding monitoring points and comprise fixing rods 14 arranged in the stratum, and fixing devices are arranged at the top ends of the fixing rods 14. A displacement sensor is fixedly arranged in the fixing device, and the measuring end of the displacement sensor is connected with one end of the connecting wire 12. The other end of the connecting line 12 is connected with the level point cap head 1. The casing of the fixing device is provided with a through hole for the connecting wire 12 to pass through, and a protective pipe is sleeved outside the connecting wire 12 and buried under the ground surface.
Fixing device includes fixed baseplate and is used for holding displacement sensor's guard box 2, fixed baseplate with the top fixed connection of dead lever 14, guard box 2 is located on the fixed baseplate, be equipped with on the box of guard box 2 be used for the via hole that connecting wire 12 passed. The displacement sensor at the monitoring point is fixedly connected to the fixing rod 14 through the connecting base 3 at the upper end of the fixing rod 14, the connecting base 3 is provided with a central screw hole 9 for bolting a screw rod, a fixing device needs to be installed around the displacement sensor in order to prevent dust or sand from entering the inside of the displacement sensor and influence the measurement precision of the displacement sensor, and the device can be made of materials such as iron sheets.
The displacement sensor and the protection box 2 are fixed on the connecting base 3, wherein 4cm x 4cm square perforated base plates 6 are welded on each corner of the protection box 2, base screw holes 8 for fixing corresponding devices are arranged on the connecting base 3, matching screw holes 7 are arranged on the base plates 6, and a screw rod 10-screw hole bolting mode is adopted. Connecting holes (an upper hole 4 and a side hole 5) with the diameter of 2cm are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the side surface of the protective box 2, wherein a signal wire is led out from the displacement sensor through the upper hole 4 of the protective box 2 to be connected with a signal processor 13, and a connecting wire 12 is led out from the displacement sensor through the side hole 5 of the protective box 2 to be connected with a corresponding working base point.
The displacement sensor at the monitoring point is connected with the leveling point cap head 1 at the working base point through a connecting wire 12, the connecting wire 12 is a rigid metal core rope, and a pvc protection tube is sleeved outside the connecting wire 12.
Further, ground monitoring network, displacement sensor lay the individual monitoring point on the earth's surface respectively, fix it through dead lever 14, bury underground at 2 ~ 5cm below the earth's surface, the last fixed section of dead lever 14 is provided with connection base 3 and has the screw that is used for fixed displacement sensor, the wall of lower dead lever 14 bottom be provided with protruding screw thread 11, during dead lever 14 squeezed into the stratum, displacement sensor and the base fixed connection of stock upper end buried displacement sensor in waiting to monitor regional relevant position to establish the contact through connecting wire 12 with each displacement sensor and work basic point.
Further: the remote monitoring system has a settlement grading early warning function, and can give an alarm for settlement displacement of the earth surface if the settlement of the earth surface is too large.
The specific installation operation process of the embodiment of the application comprises the following steps:
A. and selecting a working base point, welding and connecting a steel bar with threads in the fixed rod 14 with the connecting base 3, and driving the fixed rod 14 into the ground.
B. The displacement sensor and the protective box 2 are sequentially arranged on the connecting base 3 at the upper end of the fixed rod 14 and are embedded about 2-5 cm below the ground surface.
C. The displacement sensor is connected with the leveling point cap head 1, the connecting line 12 is connected into the pvc pipe in series, the diameter of the pvc pipe is slightly smaller than the side hole of the protection box 2, and the pvc pipe is buried 2-5 cm below the ground surface.
D. The displacement sensor and the signal processor 13 are connected, and the signal processor 13 and the unmanned host are connected through digital signal lines.
E. The unmanned host transmits the data to the remote monitoring system through the GPRS wireless transmission module, and the remote monitoring system processes the data to finally obtain the surface subsidence deformation. The displacement sensor is connected with a working base point through a connecting line 12, the connecting line 12 is a rigid metal core rope, the type of the displacement sensor is an HPS-M-MA2000 series pull rope displacement sensor, and the measuring stroke of the displacement sensor can be customized according to engineering requirements.
The unmanned host computer 15 is provided with a serial port or an ethernet port, receives data information transmitted by the signal processor 13 through a signal line, and the unmanned host computer 15 correspondingly processes and stores the data. And the data is transmitted to a remote monitoring system through a GPRS wireless transmission module, a remote computer further processes the data to finally obtain a real-time settlement deformation result between the working base point and the monitoring point and displays the result on a computer screen in real time, and the mobile terminal is connected with a data storage server through the Internet to read the data, so that the real-time dynamic monitoring of the settlement deformation condition of the earth surface at the entrance section of the tunnel is realized.
As shown in fig. 6, the host computer obtains and stores the leveling point cap head 1, the initial elevations of the monitoring points, and the initial slant distances between the displacement sensors and the leveling point cap head 1; and the host acquires displacement values monitored by the displacement sensors so as to obtain the settlement amount at each monitoring point.
Specifically, the host computer obtains a horizontal distance D between the monitoring point and a connection line of the leveling point cap head through the initial elevations of the leveling point cap head a, the plurality of monitoring points B and the initial slant distance L between each displacement sensor and the leveling point cap head, and according to a change value L of the slant distance between the corresponding monitoring point and the leveling point cap head1And acquiring the settlement amount delta h at the measuring point.
The remote monitoring system has a settlement grading early warning function and can give an alarm for the settlement displacement value of the earth surface.
The monitoring method and the monitoring system for monitoring the surface subsidence provided by the embodiment of the invention can at least realize one or more of the following beneficial effects.
1. The local meter settlement monitoring system is reasonable in structural design, simple to install and operate, high in monitoring precision, free of electromagnetic interference and strong in corrosion resistance.
2. The local meter settlement monitoring system can monitor the relative settlement of monitoring points in each to-be-monitored area relative to a working base point, and can draw a surface settlement curve graph according to the settlement data of each monitoring point.
3. The local meter settlement monitoring system is simple to operate, easy to construct and maintain and relatively low in construction cost.
4. The local surface settlement monitoring system can monitor surface settlement information in real time, and monitoring data has continuity, can be used for long-term monitoring and has a settlement grading early warning function.
5. The displacement sensor in the local meter settlement monitoring system is buried under the ground surface, and the influence on ground surface construction is small.
6. The local meter settlement monitoring system is wide in application range, reduces the labor capacity and improves the monitoring efficiency.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the application and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the scope of the invention as referred to in the present application is not limited to the embodiments with a specific combination of the above-mentioned features, but also covers other embodiments with any combination of the above-mentioned features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features may be replaced with (but not limited to) features having similar functions disclosed in the present application.
Claims (6)
1. A monitoring method of a ground surface settlement monitoring system is characterized in that the ground surface settlement monitoring system comprises:
the working base point is arranged at the relatively stable position of the earth surface foundation, and a leveling point cap head is arranged on the ground of the working base point;
the displacement monitoring devices are arranged at corresponding monitoring points and comprise fixing rods, fixing devices, displacement sensors and connecting wires, the fixing rods are arranged in the stratum in a punching mode, the fixing devices are fixedly connected with the fixing rods, the displacement sensors are fixedly arranged in the fixing devices, the displacement sensors are respectively arranged at the monitoring points on the ground surface, are fixed through the fixing rods and are buried 2-5 cm below the ground surface; the measuring end of the displacement sensor is connected with one end of the connecting wire, the other end of the connecting wire is connected with the leveling point cap head, a through hole for the connecting wire to pass through is formed in the shell of the fixing device, a protection pipe is sleeved outside the connecting wire, and the protection pipe is buried under the ground surface;
the signal processor is connected with the plurality of displacement sensors and the unmanned control host computer which is connected with the remote control computer in a wireless transmission mode;
the fixing device comprises a fixing base and a protection box for accommodating the displacement sensor, the fixing base is fixedly connected with the top end of the fixing rod, the protection box is arranged on the fixing base, and a box body of the protection box is provided with a through hole for the connecting wire to pass through;
a method of monitoring comprising the steps of:
selecting at least one working base point and a plurality of monitoring points, arranging a leveling point cap head at the working base point, arranging a fixed rod, a displacement sensor and a signal processor at the monitoring points, arranging a connecting line for measuring the displacement of the monitoring points between the leveling point cap head and the displacement sensor, arranging a protective tube outside the connecting line, and transmitting a signal acquired by the displacement sensor to a host by the signal processor;
the host computer acquires and stores the leveling point cap head, the initial elevations of the monitoring points and the initial inclined distance between each displacement sensor and the leveling point cap head;
the host computer obtains displacement values monitored by the displacement sensors so as to obtain settlement amount at each monitoring point, and then the settlement data is processed by a remote control computer, and a ground surface settlement grid graph is drawn to visually display the whole ground surface settlement condition;
the host computer obtains the horizontal distance D between the monitoring points and the connecting line of the leveling point cap heads through the initial elevations of the leveling point cap heads A, the monitoring points B and the initial inclined distances L between the displacement sensors and the leveling point cap heads, and the host computer obtains the horizontal distance D between the monitoring points and the connecting line of the leveling point cap heads according to the change value L of the inclined distances between the corresponding monitoring points and the leveling point cap heads1And acquiring the settlement amount delta h at the measuring point.
2. A method of monitoring a ground settlement monitoring system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the connecting line is a rigid metal core rope.
3. The monitoring method of the ground settlement monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a screw hole is provided on the fixing base, a base plate corresponding to the screw hole is provided on the box body of the protection box, a matching screw hole is provided on the base plate, and the fixing base and the protection box are fixedly connected by a screw penetrating through the screw hole and the matching screw hole.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fixing rod has a protruding thread on its body.
5. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the remote control computer is provided with an early warning module for predicting that the settlement is greater than a predetermined value.
6. The monitoring method of the ground surface settlement monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ground surface settlement monitoring system further comprises a mobile terminal, and the mobile terminal is connected with the remote control computer through a network.
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| CN112697103A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-23 | 山西省信息产业技术研究院有限公司 | Method for monitoring ground surface settlement around foundation pit in urban rail transit construction period |
| CN112902913B (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2022-04-19 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Goaf settlement monitoring system and method |
| CN117906572B (en) * | 2024-03-18 | 2024-05-17 | 浙江省工程勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Building foundation construction settlement measuring device |
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