CN111623747B - A surface subsidence monitoring system and monitoring method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a surface subsidence monitoring system and a monitoring method thereof. The system includes: a working base point located at a relatively stable position of the surface foundation, and a leveling point cap is arranged on the ground of the working base point; A number of displacement monitoring devices, the displacement monitoring devices include a fixed rod set in the ground, the top of the fixed rod is provided with a fixed device, a displacement sensor is fixed in the fixed device, and the measuring end of the displacement sensor is connected to the One end of the connecting wire is connected, the other end of the connecting wire is connected with the leveling point cap, the housing of the fixing device is provided with a via hole for the connecting wire to pass through, and the connecting wire is covered with a protective tube , the protection pipe is buried under the ground; a signal processor is used to connect with a plurality of the displacement sensors, and the signal processor is connected with the control host.

Description

A surface subsidence monitoring system and monitoring method thereof

technical field

The present disclosure generally relates to the technical field of surface settlement monitoring of geotechnical engineering, and specifically relates to a surface settlement monitoring system and a monitoring method thereof.

Background technique

Surface subsidence monitoring is an important part of tunnel construction. Land subsidence should be monitored at a certain period during tunnel construction and in the later operation process. The data obtained from the monitoring should be calculated and processed to finally obtain the amount of surface subsidence. According to the surface subsidence Quantitatively guide and deal with the construction of the project. The existing conventional surface settlement monitoring methods include settlement plate method, settlement water cup method, iron ring layered settlement instrument method, profile settlement instrument method, etc. These monitoring methods are complicated to install, difficult to collect data, have a large workload, interfere with construction, and further It affects the construction quality and the progress of engineering measurement, and cannot meet the requirements of real-time and high-efficiency monitoring of surface settlement at the entrance of the tunnel.

Therefore, an automatic monitoring system for surface subsidence with the characteristics of real-time, automation, high efficiency and high precision is urgently needed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above-mentioned defects or deficiencies in the prior art, it is desirable to provide a surface subsidence monitoring solution.

In the first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a surface subsidence monitoring system, including:

The working base point is set at a relatively stable position of the ground foundation, and the ground of the working base point is provided with a benchmarking point cap;

A number of displacement monitoring devices located at the corresponding monitoring points, the displacement monitoring devices include a fixed rod, a fixed device, a displacement sensor and a connecting line, the fixed rod is set in the stratum, and the fixed device is fixed with the fixed rod The displacement sensor is fixed in the fixing device, the measurement end of the displacement sensor is connected with one end of the connecting line, the other end of the connecting line is connected with the leveling point cap, and the fixed The casing of the device is provided with a via hole for the connecting wire to pass through, the connecting wire is covered with a protection tube, and the protection tube is buried under the ground;

A signal processor for connecting with a plurality of the displacement sensors, the signal processor is connected with the unmanned control host.

The connecting wire is a rigid metal core rope, and when the displacement of the monitoring point is measured, the measurement result will not be inaccurate due to the deformation of the connecting wire itself.

The fixing device includes a fixing base and a protection box for accommodating the displacement sensor, the fixing base is fixedly connected with the top end of the fixing rod, the protection box is arranged on the fixing base, the The box body of the protective box is provided with a via hole through which the connecting wire passes.

The fixing base is provided with screw holes, the box body of the protection box is provided with a backing plate corresponding to the screw holes, the backing plate is provided with matching screw holes, the fixing base and the The protection box is fixedly connected by a screw rod penetrating the screw hole and the matching screw hole.

The rod body of the fixing rod is provided with raised threads.

The signal processor is connected with the unmanned control host, and the unmanned control host and the remote control computer are connected by wireless transmission.

The remote control computer is provided with an early warning module for predicting that the sedimentation amount is greater than the set value.

The surface subsidence monitoring system further includes a mobile terminal, and the mobile terminal is connected with the remote control computer through a network.

In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application also provide a monitoring method for a surface subsidence monitoring system, comprising the following steps:

At least one working base point and several monitoring points are selected, a leveling point head is arranged at the working base point, a fixed rod, a displacement sensor and a signal processor are arranged at the monitoring point, and the leveling point head and the displacement are arranged at the monitoring point. A connecting line for measuring the displacement of the monitoring point is arranged between the sensors, a protection tube is arranged outside the connecting line, and the signal processor transmits the signal obtained by the displacement sensor to the host;

The host acquires and stores the initial elevations of the benchmarking head, several monitoring points, and the initial oblique distance between each of the displacement sensors and the benchmarking head;

The host acquires the displacement value monitored by each of the displacement sensors, and then obtains the settlement amount at each monitoring point.

The host obtains the difference between the monitoring point and the monitoring point through the initial elevation of the leveling point cap A, several monitoring points B, and the initial oblique distance L between each of the displacement sensors and the leveling point cap. For the horizontal distance D between the connecting lines of the cap heads of the benchmarking point, the settlement amount Δh at the measuring point is obtained according to the change value L ₁ of the oblique distance between the corresponding monitoring point and the cap head of the benchmarking point. Wherein, the initial oblique distance between the displacement sensor and the leveling point cap head can be determined by the length of the set connection line. It can be understood that the connecting line can be an independent rope with one end connected to the measurement end of the displacement sensor and the other end connected to the leveling point cap head, or it can be a cable displacement sensor, and the length of the cable of the cable sensor is determined. Customization, either way, is within the scope of protection of this application.

In the surface settlement monitoring scheme provided in the embodiment of the present application, a relatively accurate monitoring base point can be obtained by setting the working base point; by setting up several displacement monitoring devices, the relative settlement of the monitoring point in each to-be-monitored area relative to the working base point can be monitored. , the surface settlement curve can be drawn according to the settlement data of each monitoring point. The local surface settlement monitoring system is simple to operate, free from electromagnetic interference, easy to construct and maintain, and the construction cost is relatively low. The monitoring system has reasonable structural design, low cost, strong applicability, and simple operation. It can not only monitor the surface settlement of the tunnel entrance section, but also monitor the large-scale surface settlement of infrastructure such as deep foundation pits, buildings, and office buildings. application prospects.

Description of drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of monitoring devices according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a connection base of a monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a monitoring system of a monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a monitoring system of a monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a monitoring principle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Among them, 1—level point cap head; 2—protection box; 3—connection base; 4—upper hole; 5—side hole; 6—pad; 7—matching screw hole; 8—base screw hole; 9— Center screw hole; 10—screw; 11—raised thread; 12—connecting wire; 13—signal processor; 14—fixed rod; 15—unmanned control host; 16—data storage server; 17—remote control computer; 18 - Mobile terminal.

Detailed ways

To make the purposes, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. For the convenience of description, only the parts related to the invention are shown in the drawings.

It should be noted that the components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in this figure may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations without conflict. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the related invention, but not to limit the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, “setting” and “connection” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, or An integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

1 to 6 , the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is: a surface subsidence monitoring system, the monitoring system includes a ground monitoring network, a remote real-time data transmission system, and a remote monitoring system, and the ground monitoring network includes Displacement sensor, signal processor 13, connecting line 12, fixed rod 14, leveling point cap 1, protective box 2, the remote real-time data transmission system includes an unmanned control host 15, a data acquisition wireless transmitter, the remote The monitoring system includes a data storage server 16, a remote control computer 17, and a mobile terminal 18. The first signal of the surface subsidence monitored by the displacement sensor is transmitted to the signal processor 13, and the signal processor 13 transmits the data to the unmanned control as a digital signal through a signal line. The host 15 processes the data accordingly, and further transmits it to the remote control computer 17 through the GPRS wireless transmission module. The remote computer further processes the data and finally obtains the real-time settlement and deformation results between the working base point and the monitoring point and real-time on the computer screen. The display can be transmitted to the mobile terminal through the Internet to realize the real-time dynamic monitoring of the surface settlement and deformation of the tunnel entrance section.

According to the actual situation of engineering geology and engineering design requirements, a certain number of working base points 1 should be selected. The working base point should be selected in the relatively stable area of the foundation, and a benchmarking point cap head 1 should be buried at the working base point. The benchmarking point cap head 1 is made of copper or Made of stainless steel. The working base point is the leveling point, and the leveling point cap head 1 is buried about 15 days before the displacement sensor is installed, and the elevation of the working base point is determined.

Among them, the benchmarking point should be buried in a place with good concealment and good visibility to ensure safety. The foundation should be stable at the leveling point laid. The working base point is embedded with a leveling point cap head 1 made of copper or stainless steel.

The monitoring points are arranged in the area to be monitored according to the design requirements, and the settlement monitoring point layout map is drawn according to the design drawings of the tunnel entrance section to determine the location and initial elevation of the settlement monitoring points. A fixed monitoring sequence should be established between the working base point and the settlement monitoring point to ensure that each monitoring follows a unified route, and then the remote control computer 17 processes the settlement data and draws a grid diagram of the surface settlement to visually display the overall situation of the surface settlement. .

Several displacement monitoring devices are arranged at the corresponding monitoring points, and the displacement monitoring devices include a fixing rod 14 which is set in the ground, and the top of the fixing rod 14 is provided with a fixing device. A displacement sensor is fixed in the fixing device, and the measuring end of the displacement sensor is connected to one end of the connecting wire 12 . The other end of the connecting line 12 is connected to the leveling point cap head 1 . The housing of the fixing device is provided with a via hole for the connecting wire 12 to pass through. The connecting wire 12 is covered with a protection tube, and the protection tube is buried under the ground.

The fixing device includes a fixing base and a protection box 2 for accommodating the displacement sensor, the fixing base is fixedly connected with the top of the fixing rod 14, the protection box 2 is arranged on the fixing base, and the protection box 2 The box body is provided with a via hole for the connecting wire 12 to pass through. The displacement sensor at the monitoring point is fixedly connected to the fixed rod 14 through the connection base 3 at the upper end of the fixed rod 14. The connection base 3 has a central screw hole 9 for bolting the screw. In order to prevent dust or sand from entering the inside of the displacement sensor, To affect the measurement accuracy of the displacement sensor, a fixing device needs to be installed around the displacement sensor, and the material of the device can be made of materials such as iron sheets.

Both the displacement sensor and the protection box 2 are fixed on the connection base 3, wherein the corners of the protection box 2 are welded with a 4cm*4cm square backing plate 6 with holes, and the connection base 3 is provided with a base screw for fixing the corresponding device. Hole 8, the backing plate 6 is provided with a matching screw hole 7, and the screw 10-screw hole bolting method is adopted. The top and side of the protective box 2 are respectively provided with connecting holes (the upper hole 4 and the side hole 5) with a diameter of 2 cm, wherein the displacement sensor is connected to the signal processor 13 through the signal line drawn from the upper hole 4 of the protective box 2, and the displacement sensor passes through The connection line 12 drawn from the side hole 5 of the protection box 2 is connected with the corresponding working base point.

The displacement sensor at the monitoring point is connected with the leveling point cap head 1 at the working base point through a connecting wire 12, the connecting wire 12 is a rigid metal core rope, and the connecting wire 12 is covered with a pvc protective tube.

Further, in the ground monitoring network, the displacement sensors are respectively arranged at each monitoring point on the ground surface, which is fixed by the fixing rod 14 and buried 2-5 cm below the ground surface, and the upper fixed section of the fixing rod 14 is provided with a connection. The base 3 has screw holes for fixing the displacement sensor, the bottom wall of the lower fixing rod 14 is provided with raised threads 11, the fixing rod 14 is driven into the stratum, and the displacement sensor is fixedly connected with the base on the upper end of the anchor rod. Displacement sensors are embedded in the corresponding positions of the area to be monitored, and the connection between each displacement sensor and the working base point is established through the connecting line 12 .

Further: the remote monitoring system has a subsidence classification warning function, and if the surface subsidence is too large, it can give an alarm to the surface subsidence displacement.

The specific installation operation process of the embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:

A. Select the working base point. In the fixing rod 14, the steel bar with threads is welded and connected to the connection base 3, and the fixing rod 14 is driven into the stratum.

B. Install the displacement sensor and the protection box 2 on the connecting base 3 at the upper end of the fixing rod 14 in sequence, and embed them about 2-5 cm below the surface.

C. The displacement sensor is connected with the leveling point cap head 1, and the connecting wire 12 is serially inserted into the pvc pipe. The diameter of the pvc pipe is slightly smaller than the side hole of the protection box 2, and the pvc pipe is buried 2-5cm under the surface.

D. The displacement sensor and the signal processor 13, and the signal processor 13 and the unmanned control host are connected by digital signal lines.

E. The unmanned control host transmits the data to the remote detection system through the GPRS wireless transmission module, and the remote monitoring system processes the data, and finally obtains the surface settlement deformation. The displacement sensor and the working base point are connected through the connecting line 12. The connecting line 12 adopts a rigid metal core rope. The displacement sensor model is the HPS-M-MA2000 series rope displacement sensor. The displacement sensor can measure the stroke according to engineering requirements. Made to order.

The unmanned control host 15 is provided with a serial port or an Ethernet port, and receives the data information transmitted by the signal processor 13 through the signal line. The unmanned control host 15 performs corresponding processing on the data and stores the data. The data is transmitted to the remote monitoring system through the GPRS wireless transmission module. The remote computer further processes the data and finally obtains the real-time settlement and deformation results between the working base point and the monitoring point and displays it on the computer screen in real time. The mobile terminal communicates with the data through the Internet network. The storage server is connected to read the data to realize the real-time dynamic monitoring of the surface settlement and deformation of the tunnel entrance section.

As shown in FIG. 6 , the host acquires and stores the initial elevations of the benchmarking head 1, several of the monitoring points, and the initial oblique distance between each of the displacement sensors and the benchmarking head 1; The host acquires the displacement value monitored by each of the displacement sensors, and then obtains the settlement amount at each monitoring point.

Specifically, the host obtains the initial elevation of the leveling point cap head A, the initial elevations of several monitoring points B, and the initial oblique distance L between each of the displacement sensors and the leveling point cap head. The horizontal distance D between the monitoring point and the connecting line of the cap head of the benchmarking point, according to the corresponding change value L ₁ of the oblique distance between the monitoring point and the cap head of the benchmarking point, the settlement amount at the measuring point is obtained. Δh.

The remote monitoring system has the function of subsidence classification and early warning, and can give an alarm to the surface subsidence displacement value.

The monitoring method and monitoring system for surface subsidence monitoring provided by the embodiments of the present invention can achieve at least one or more of the following beneficial effects.

1. The local surface settlement monitoring system has reasonable structure design, simple installation and operation, high monitoring accuracy, no electromagnetic interference, and strong corrosion resistance.

2. The local surface subsidence monitoring system can monitor the relative subsidence of the monitoring points in each area to be monitored relative to the working base point, and can draw the surface subsidence curve according to the subsidence data of each monitoring point.

3. The local surface settlement monitoring system is simple to operate, easy to construct and maintain, and the construction cost is relatively low.

4. The local surface settlement monitoring system can monitor the surface settlement information in real time, the monitoring data is continuous, can be used for long-term monitoring, and has the function of subsidence classification and early warning.

5. The displacement sensor in the local surface settlement monitoring system is buried under the surface, which has little impact on the surface construction.

6. The local surface settlement monitoring system has a wide range of applications, reduces labor and improves monitoring efficiency.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and an illustration of the applied technical principles. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in this application is not limited to the technical solution formed by the specific combination of the above-mentioned technical features, and should also cover the above-mentioned technical features without departing from the inventive concept. Other technical solutions formed by any combination of its equivalent features. For example, a technical solution is formed by replacing the above-mentioned features with the technical features disclosed in this application (but not limited to) with similar functions.

Claims (6)

1. the monitoring method of a surface subsidence monitoring system, is characterized in that, the surface subsidence monitoring system comprises: The working base point is set at a relatively stable position of the ground foundation, and the ground of the working base point is provided with a benchmarking point cap; A number of displacement monitoring devices located at the corresponding monitoring points, the displacement monitoring devices include a fixed rod, a fixed device, a displacement sensor and a connecting line, the fixed rod is set in the stratum, and the fixed device is fixed with the fixed rod connection, the displacement sensor is fixed in the fixing device, the displacement sensor is arranged at each monitoring point on the surface, fixed by a fixing rod, and buried 2-5cm under the surface; the measuring end of the displacement sensor It is connected with one end of the connecting wire, and the other end of the connecting wire is connected with the leveling point cap. The housing of the fixing device is provided with a via hole for the connecting wire to pass through. There is a protection tube, and the protection tube is buried under the surface; A signal processor for connecting with a plurality of the displacement sensors, the signal processor is connected with an unmanned control host, and the unmanned control host and the remote control computer are connected by wireless transmission; The fixing device includes a fixing base and a protection box for accommodating the displacement sensor, the fixing base is fixedly connected with the top end of the fixing rod, the protection box is arranged on the fixing base, the The box body of the protection box is provided with a via hole through which the connecting wire passes; The monitoring method includes the following steps: At least one working base point and several monitoring points are selected, a leveling point head is arranged at the working base point, a fixed rod, a displacement sensor and a signal processor are arranged at the monitoring point, and the leveling point head and the displacement are arranged at the monitoring point. A connecting line for measuring the displacement of the monitoring point is arranged between the sensors, a protection tube is arranged outside the connecting line, and the signal processor transmits the signal obtained by the displacement sensor to the host; The host acquires and stores the initial elevations of the benchmarking head, several monitoring points, and the initial oblique distance between each of the displacement sensors and the benchmarking head; The host acquires the displacement values monitored by each of the displacement sensors, and then obtains the settlement amount at each monitoring point, and then the remote control computer processes the settlement data, and draws a surface settlement grid diagram to visually display the overall situation of the surface settlement; The host obtains the difference between the monitoring point and the monitoring point through the initial elevation of the leveling point cap A, several monitoring points B, and the initial oblique distance L between each of the displacement sensors and the leveling point cap. For the horizontal distance D between the connecting lines of the cap heads of the benchmarking point, the settlement amount Δh at the measuring point is obtained according to the change value L ₁ of the oblique distance between the corresponding monitoring point and the cap head of the benchmarking point. 2 . The monitoring method of a surface settlement monitoring system according to claim 1 , wherein the connecting wire is a rigid metal core rope. 3 . 3 . The monitoring method of a surface subsidence monitoring system according to claim 1 , wherein the fixing base is provided with screw holes, and the box body of the protection box is provided with corresponding screw holes. 4 . The backing plate is provided with a matching screw hole, and the fixing base and the protection box are fixedly connected by a screw thread penetrating the screw hole and the matching screw hole. 4 . The monitoring method of a surface subsidence monitoring system according to claim 1 , wherein a raised thread is provided on the rod body of the fixing rod. 5 . 5 . The monitoring method of a surface subsidence monitoring system according to claim 1 , wherein the remote control computer is provided with an early warning module for predicting that the subsidence amount is greater than a set value. 6 . 6 . The monitoring method of a surface subsidence monitoring system according to claim 1 , wherein the surface subsidence monitoring system further comprises a mobile terminal, and the mobile terminal is connected to the remote control computer through a network. 7 .

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