CN111622768B - Tunnel inverted arch grooving machine and construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a roadway inverted bottom arch grooving machine and a construction method, and the technical scheme is as follows: the support frame is connected with a slotting mechanism through a horizontal movement mechanism, and an angle control mechanism is arranged between the slotting mechanism and the horizontal movement mechanism; a lifting mechanism and a moving mechanism are arranged below the supporting frame, the lifting mechanism and the horizontal moving mechanism move in a matched mode, and an inverted arch arc-shaped groove is excavated through a grooving mechanism; the moving mechanism is used for changing the slotting position. The method can quickly and accurately excavate the groove for placing the inverted arch, and solve the problems of low speed of excavating the groove by manpower, poor excavation quality and difficult splicing of the concrete filled steel tube support caused by the slow excavation speed in underground engineering.

Description

Tunnel inverted bottom arch grooving machine and construction method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of underground engineering support, and particularly relates to a roadway inverted bottom arch grooving machine and a construction method.

Background

With the development of underground engineering in China towards deep burying, super large and the like, surrounding rock stability is worse and worse, and supporting work is more and more difficult, so that the method becomes an important problem influencing safe construction of underground engineering and safe and efficient production of coal in China. The steel tube concrete arch frame has high bearing capacity and simple construction, and becomes a support measure widely adopted by deep weak surrounding rock sections and other large-deformation surrounding rock sections. However, in the process of supporting a roadway, the first step of installing the concrete-filled steel tube support is to install the inverted arch, before installing the inverted arch, an arc-shaped groove capable of installing the inverted arch of the support needs to be dug out on the roadway ground, the inverted arch of the support is placed in the groove, and then concrete is backfilled, so that the overall stability of the arch center can be ensured.

The inventor finds that the excavation mode of the conventional roadway inverted arch groove is mainly manual excavation, and by means of manual excavation, the efficiency is low, the groove excavation quality is poor, and overexcavation or underexcavation often occurs. The existing mechanized trench excavation technology is generally only suitable for ground engineering and mainly comprises two types: firstly, a band saw type ditcher drives a band saw to rotatably excavate a soil layer by external force; secondly, the disc type ditcher adopts a disc with sawteeth driven by external force to rotate to excavate soil layers. However, the mechanical excavation mode is only suitable for the ground, and the existing equipment cannot be used for excavating grooves on the bottom plate of the coal mine roadway due to the explosion-proof requirement of underground equipment and the narrow construction space.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a tunnel inverted arch grooving machine and a construction method, wherein the grooving machine adopts mechanical excavation, can quickly and accurately excavate a groove for placing an inverted arch, and solves the problems of low speed of excavating the groove by manpower, poor excavation quality and difficulty in splicing a concrete filled steel tube support in underground engineering.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

in a first aspect, an embodiment of the invention provides a tunnel inverted bottom arch grooving machine, which is characterized by comprising a supporting frame, wherein the supporting frame is connected with a grooving mechanism through a horizontal movement mechanism, and an angle control mechanism is arranged between the grooving mechanism and the horizontal movement mechanism; a lifting mechanism and a moving mechanism are arranged below the supporting frame, the lifting mechanism and the horizontal moving mechanism move in a matched mode, and an inverted arch arc-shaped groove is excavated through a grooving mechanism; the moving mechanism is used for changing the slotting position.

As a further implementation mode, the horizontal movement mechanism comprises a winch and a movement support, the two sides of the movement support are respectively provided with the winch, and the position of the movement support is changed through the winch.

As a further implementation manner, the slotting mechanism comprises a hydraulic motor fixed with the moving bracket and a slotting tool connected with the hydraulic motor; an angle control mechanism is connected between the slotting tool and the moving bracket.

As a further implementation manner, the angle control mechanism is an angle control jack, one end of the angle control jack is rotatably connected with the motion bracket, and the other end of the angle control jack is connected with the slotting tool through the mounting seat.

As a further implementation, the grooving tool includes a drive chain, a drive sprocket and a driven sprocket engaged with the drive chain, and the drive chain has a plurality of cutting teeth surface-mounted thereon.

As a further implementation mode, the moving mechanism comprises a push rod assembly, wheels and a telescopic rod, the push rod assembly is connected with the two wheels, and the wheels are connected with the push rod assembly through the telescopic rod.

As a further implementation manner, the push rod assembly comprises a U-shaped rod and a connecting rod connected to the end of the U-shaped rod, one end of the telescopic rod is rotatably connected with the U-shaped rod, and the other end of the telescopic rod is rotatably connected with a wheel shaft of a wheel.

As a further implementation manner, the supporting frame comprises a supporting plate and a guiding component, the supporting plate is provided with a guiding groove for the horizontal movement mechanism and the grooving mechanism to move, and the guiding component is installed above the supporting plate and is connected with the moving support in a sliding manner.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a construction method of a roadway inverted bottom arch grooving machine, including:

determining an excavation line of a tunnel inverted arch, placing an inverted arch grooving machine above an excavation position, and adjusting the height of a lifting mechanism, the movement speed of a horizontal movement mechanism and the rotation speed of an angle control mechanism;

starting an inverted arch grooving machine, and excavating a roadway bottom plate by using a grooving tool under the action of power;

under the coordination of the horizontal movement mechanism and the angle control mechanism, horizontal grooving and downward grooving are completed;

excavating according to the depth required by the inverted arch arc-shaped groove until the inverted arch groove is finished; and after one groove is dug, closing the inverted bottom arch grooving machine, and moving to the next excavation point through the moving mechanism.

The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention are as follows:

(1) one or more embodiments of the invention comprise a grooving mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a horizontal movement mechanism and an angle control mechanism, so that the mechanical excavation of a roadway bottom plate can be realized, a groove meeting the requirement of the installation of a concrete filled steel tube support inverted arch is accurately excavated, the manpower is saved, and the excavation efficiency is higher;

(2) one or more embodiments of the invention have an angle control mechanism, which can adjust the rotation angle of the slotting tool to cooperate with the lifting mechanism and the horizontal movement mechanism to dig a groove consistent with the arc shape of the inverted arch; the lifting mechanism is used for controlling the whole grooving machine to move up and down to realize a certain excavation depth; the horizontal movement mechanism is used for pulling the grooving mechanism to move left and right, and a bottom groove with a certain radian can be dug by matching with the lifting mechanism;

(3) according to one or more embodiments of the invention, the lifting mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the supporting frame, and after the grooving machine is used, the hydraulic lifting column retracts; the slotting mechanism rotates and rises under the action of the hydraulic motor, so that the space occupation amount is reduced as much as possible; the moving mechanism enables the grooving machine to be convenient to move, wheels of the moving mechanism are in a retracted state when the grooving machine works, and only the push rod needs to be lifted when the grooving machine needs to move to a next point, the wheels are placed under the push rod, and the push rod can also play a role in keeping balance when the grooving machine is pushed.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.

FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the present invention in accordance with one or more embodiments;

FIG. 2 is an isometric view two of the present invention in accordance with one or more embodiments;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the operating state of the present invention in accordance with one or more embodiments;

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a stopped state of the present disclosure in accordance with one or more embodiments;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a grooving mechanism according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a side view of a grooving mechanism according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an actual motion trajectory diagram of a notching mechanism according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a perspective view of a grooving mechanism mounting shaft according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a top view of a notching mechanism installation according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a travel mechanism wheel stow state of the present invention according to one or more embodiments;

FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of a wheel down position of a travel mechanism according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 12 is a schematic illustration of a roadway inverted bottom arch slotter in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention at a job site;

the hydraulic lifting device comprises a hydraulic lifting column 1, a push rod assembly 2, a winch 3, a support frame 4, a support frame 5, a moving support 6, a steel wire rope 7, a wheel 8, a slotting tool 9, an angle control jack 10, a hydraulic motor 11, a cutting tooth, 12, a driven sprocket 13, a tool rest 14, a mounting seat 15, a driving sprocket 16, a column 17, a box body 18, a box body chassis 19, an installed arch frame 20, an inverted bottom arch slotting machine 21, an inverted bottom arch slotted inverted bottom arch 22, a horizontal connecting column 23, a vertical connecting column 24, a connecting plate 25, a support plate 26, a guide groove 27, a guide rod 28, a first side plate 29, a second side plate 30, a middle plate 31, a telescopic rod 32, a U-shaped rod 33 and a connecting rod.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and/or "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;

for convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" in this application, if any, merely indicate correspondence with the directions of up, down, left and right of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure, but merely facilitate the description of the invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the application.

The terms "mounted", "connected", "fixed", and the like in the present application should be understood broadly, and for example, the terms "mounted", "connected", and "fixed" may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; the two components can be connected directly or indirectly through an intermediate medium, or the two components can be connected internally or in an interaction relationship, and it is understood that the terms used in the present invention have the specific meanings given to the specific situations.

The angle control jack is used for controlling the angle of the jack.

The first embodiment is as follows:

the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 11, and specifically, the structure is as follows:

the embodiment provides a roadway inverted bottom arch grooving machine which comprises a supporting frame 4, a lifting mechanism, a horizontal movement mechanism, an angle control mechanism, a moving mechanism and a grooving mechanism, wherein the lifting mechanism and the moving mechanism are arranged below the supporting frame 4, and the horizontal movement mechanism and the angle control mechanism are arranged above the supporting frame 4; the slotting mechanism is connected with the horizontal movement mechanism.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the supporting frame 4, as a supporting main body of the grooving machine, includes a supporting plate 25 and a guiding assembly, and the guiding assembly is installed above the supporting plate 25 and is slidably connected to the moving bracket 5. Further, the guide assembly comprises a horizontal connecting column 22, a connecting plate 24, a vertical connecting column 23 and a guide rod 27, and a guide groove 26 used for the horizontal movement mechanism and the grooving mechanism to move is formed in the middle of the supporting plate 25.

In the present embodiment, in order to ensure the supporting strength, the supporting plate 25 is a rectangular steel plate; in order to have enough moving space, the guide groove 26 is a rectangular groove. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the support plate 25 may be other sheet materials and the guide groove 26 may have other shapes. Two guide rods 27 parallel to each other are fixed lengthwise in the guide grooves 26.

Vertical connecting columns 23 are respectively fixed at four corners of the supporting plate 25, and the vertical connecting columns 23 are perpendicular to the supporting plate 25. The top ends of the vertical connecting columns 23 are connected with two adjacent vertical connecting columns 23 through connecting plates 24 and horizontal connecting columns 22 respectively. In the embodiment, a connecting plate 24 is installed between the two vertical connecting columns 23 located on the short sides of the supporting plate 25, and the two vertical connecting columns 23 located on the long sides of the supporting plate 25 are connected through the horizontal connecting column 22. The horizontal connecting column 22 and the guide rod 27 are used as a moving track of the horizontal movement mechanism.

The horizontal movement mechanism comprises two winches 3 and a movement bracket 5, and the two winches 3 are respectively fixed at one end of the supporting plate 25. The end part of a steel wire rope 6 wound on the winch 3 is fixed with the moving support 5, and the length of the steel wire rope 6 is controlled by the winch 3 positioned at two sides of the moving support 5 so as to realize the horizontal movement of the moving support 5 along the supporting frame 4.

As shown in fig. 8, the moving bracket 5 is H-shaped, and the end of the moving bracket 5 is provided with a through hole for the horizontal connecting column 22 and the guide rod 27 to pass through; the motion bracket 5 can move along the horizontal direction under the action of the winch 3 through the through hole. Further, the moving bracket 5 comprises a first side plate 28, a second side plate 29 and an intermediate plate 30, the first side plate 28 and the second side plate 29 are parallel to each other, the first side plate 28 is perpendicularly fixed at one end of the intermediate plate 30, and the second side plate 29 is perpendicularly fixed at the other end of the intermediate plate 30.

The grooving mechanism comprises a grooving cutter 8 and a hydraulic motor 10, the hydraulic motor 10 is mounted on one side of the middle plate 30, and the grooving cutter 8 is connected with the hydraulic motor 10 and is positioned on the other side of the middle plate 30; the slotting cutter 8 is controlled to act by a hydraulic motor 10. An angle control mechanism is connected between the first side plate 28 and the slotting cutter 8, and the angle of the slotting cutter 8 is adjusted through the angle control mechanism so as to adapt to different slotting requirements.

In this embodiment, the angle control mechanism is an angle control jack 9, one end of the angle control jack 9 is hinged to the first side plate 28, and the other end of the angle control jack 9 is connected with the slotting cutter 8 through the mounting seat 14; and the angle control jack 9 is hinged with the mounting seat 14. Of course, in other embodiments, the angle control mechanism may be other angle adjusting components, such as: and the air cylinder, the hydraulic cylinder and the like can be selected according to actual adjustment requirements.

As shown in fig. 5, the slotting cutter 8 includes a conveying chain, a driving sprocket 15, a driven sprocket 12 and a cutting pick 11, wherein one end of the conveying chain is meshed with the driving sprocket 15, and the other end of the conveying chain is meshed with the driven sprocket 12; the conveyor chain is surface mounted with a number of picks 11. The driving chain wheel 15 is connected with the hydraulic motor 10, the plane where the driving chain wheel 15 is located is parallel to the middle plate 30, an included angle is formed between the transmission chain and the first side plate 28 and between the transmission chain and the second side plate 29, and the inclined angle can be adjusted through the angle control jack 9.

A tool rest 13 is arranged between the driving chain wheel 15 and the driven chain wheel 12, and the mounting seat 14 is fixedly connected with the tool rest 13. The shape of the tool rest 13 is matched with the inner space formed by the transmission chain, the driving chain wheel 15 and the driven chain wheel 12, and arc surfaces are formed at two ends of the tool rest 13.

The chain type grooving machine is powered by a hydraulic motor 10, the grooving mechanism is controlled by a lifting mechanism to sink, a grooving cutter 8 is in contact with a roadway bottom plate, the hydraulic motor 10 rotates and drives a driving chain wheel 15 on the hydraulic motor to rotate, a cutting tooth 11 moves upwards along a cutter rest 13 and cuts the roadway bottom plate, the cut bottom plate muck is unloaded by bypassing the driving chain wheel 15 under the driving of the cutting tooth 11, the cutting tooth 11 after unloading the muck moves downwards along the upper side of the cutter rest 13 and continues to cut the muck after bypassing a driven chain wheel 12, and the operation is continuous.

Further, elevating system includes a plurality of hydraulic pressure lift post 1, and in this embodiment, elevating system includes four hydraulic pressure lift posts 1, is fixed in four angular positions in backup pad 25 bottom respectively. At the very beginning, hydraulic lifting column 1 is in the complete state of strutting, descends gradually when the grooving mechanism begins to work to hoist engine 3 begins to stimulate the grooving mechanism, and the two coordinated motion can realize the excavation of anti-arch of the bottom arc slot, guarantees that the slot space satisfies that the anti-arch of the bottom is put into smoothly. During the grooving, since there are up-and-down and left-and-right movements, the actual movement locus of the grooving mechanism is a curve, and as shown in fig. 7, the pulling direction of the winch 3 is denoted as V1, the movement direction of the lifting mechanism is denoted as V2, and the actual movement locus of the grooving mechanism is denoted as V3.

The illustrated moving mechanism comprises a push rod assembly 2, wheels 7 and a telescopic rod 31, wherein the push rod assembly 2 comprises a U-shaped rod 32 and two connecting rods 33, and the end parts of the U-shaped rod 32 are hinged with the connecting rods 33. The number of the wheels 7 is two, and the wheels 7 are connected with a push rod 32 through a telescopic rod 31. Wherein, one end of the telescopic rod 31 is connected with the U-shaped rod 32 in a rotating way, and the other end is connected with the axle of the wheel 7 in a rotating way. As shown in fig. 10, the telescopic rod 31 is retracted, and the wheels 7 are retracted; as shown in fig. 11, the U-shaped bar 32 is lifted, the telescopic bar 31 is stretched, and the wheels 7 are lowered. The U-shaped rod 32 is pushed to conveniently move to the next position for excavation, so that labor is saved; meanwhile, the U-shaped bar 32 can also play a role in keeping balance when pushed.

Example two:

in this embodiment, a construction method of a tunnel inverted bottom arch groover is provided, and with the tunnel inverted bottom arch groover described in the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 12, an inverted bottom arch excavation line of a tunnel is determined in front of an installed arch frame 19, an inverted bottom arch groover 20 is placed above an excavation site, and the height of a lifting mechanism, the movement speed of a horizontal movement mechanism, and the rotation speed of an angle control mechanism are adjusted. The grooving mechanism is started, the driving chain wheel 15 is driven by the hydraulic motor 10 to rotate, the driving chain is driven to rotate, and the cutting teeth 11 on the driving chain excavate the roadway bottom plate.

And (3) finishing horizontal cutting and downward cutting of the cutting tooth 11 under the cooperation of the horizontal movement mechanism and the angle control mechanism, and excavating according to the required depth of the arch-shaped groove of the inverted arch until the arch-shaped groove of the inverted arch is finished. After a groove is dug, the hydraulic motor 10 is closed, the push rod assembly 2 is pulled up, the wheels 7 are put down, the inverted bottom arch grooving machine 20 is far away from the grooved inverted bottom arch 21 and is moved to the next excavation point, the push rod assembly 2 is put down, the wheels 7 are folded, and the operation is repeated.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (7)

1. The roadway inverted-bottom-arch grooving machine is characterized by comprising a supporting frame, wherein the supporting frame is connected with a grooving mechanism through a horizontal movement mechanism, and an angle control mechanism is arranged between the grooving mechanism and the horizontal movement mechanism; a lifting mechanism and a moving mechanism are arranged below the supporting frame, the lifting mechanism and the horizontal moving mechanism move in a matched mode, and an inverted arch arc-shaped groove is excavated through a grooving mechanism; the moving mechanism is used for changing the slotting position;

the horizontal movement mechanism comprises a winch and a movement bracket, the two sides of the movement bracket are respectively provided with the winch, and the position of the movement bracket is changed through the winch; the motion bracket comprises a first side plate, a second side plate and a middle plate, wherein the first side plate and the second side plate are parallel to each other, the first side plate is vertically fixed at one end of the middle plate, and the second side plate is vertically fixed at the other end of the middle plate;

the angle control mechanism is an angle control jack, one end of the angle control jack is hinged with the first side plate, and the other end of the angle control jack is connected with the slotting cutter through a mounting seat; the angle control jack is hinged with the mounting seat;

the slotting cutter comprises a transmission chain, a driving chain wheel and a driven chain wheel, wherein the driving chain wheel and the driven chain wheel are meshed with the transmission chain;

the supporting frame comprises a supporting plate and a guiding assembly, the supporting plate is provided with a guiding groove used for the horizontal movement mechanism and the grooving mechanism to move, and the guiding assembly is installed above the supporting plate and is in sliding connection with the moving support.

2. The inverted bottom arch groover of claim 1, wherein the grooving mechanism comprises a hydraulic motor fixed to a moving support, a grooving tool connected to the hydraulic motor; an angle control mechanism is connected between the slotting cutter and the moving bracket.

3. The inverted bottom arch grooving machine for tunnel according to claim 2, wherein the angle control mechanism is an angle control jack, one end of the angle control jack is rotatably connected with the moving support, and the other end of the angle control jack is connected with the grooving tool through a mounting seat.

4. The inverted bottom arch grooving machine for roadway according to claim 1, wherein the moving mechanism comprises a push rod assembly, wheels and a telescopic rod, the push rod assembly is connected with the two wheels, and the wheels are connected with the push rod assembly through the telescopic rod.

5. The inverted bottom arch groover of claim 4, wherein the push rod assembly comprises a U-shaped rod and a connecting rod connected to an end of the U-shaped rod, and the telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the U-shaped rod at one end and rotatably connected to an axle of a wheel at the other end.

6. A roadway invert arch slotter as in claim 1, wherein the lift mechanism comprises a plurality of hydraulic lift columns.

7. A construction method of an inverted bottom arch groover for a roadway according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:

determining an excavation line of a tunnel inverted arch, placing an inverted arch grooving machine above an excavation position, and adjusting the height of a lifting mechanism, the movement speed of a horizontal movement mechanism and the rotation speed of an angle control mechanism;

starting an inverted arch grooving machine, and excavating a roadway bottom plate by using a grooving tool under the action of power;

under the coordination of the horizontal movement mechanism and the angle control mechanism, horizontal grooving and downward grooving are completed;

excavating according to the depth required by the inverted arch arc-shaped groove until the inverted arch groove is finished; and after one groove is dug, closing the inverted bottom arch grooving machine, and moving to the next excavation point through the moving mechanism.

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