CN111614063B - Short-circuit protection circuit and short-circuit protection system - Google Patents
Short-circuit protection circuit and short-circuit protection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111614063B CN111614063B CN202010459769.5A CN202010459769A CN111614063B CN 111614063 B CN111614063 B CN 111614063B CN 202010459769 A CN202010459769 A CN 202010459769A CN 111614063 B CN111614063 B CN 111614063B
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
- H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
- H02H7/1203—Circuits independent of the type of conversion
Abstract
The invention provides a short-circuit protection circuit and a short-circuit protection system, wherein the short-circuit protection circuit comprises a switch circuit, a control unit and a sampling circuit; the first input end of the switching circuit is connected with the output end of the load, the second input end of the switching circuit is connected with the output end of the control unit, and the output end of the switching circuit is connected with the input end of the sampling circuit; the input end of the control unit is connected with the sampling end of the sampling circuit, and the output end of the sampling circuit is connected with the battery. When the circuit is short-circuited and the input current reaches a preset current value, the sampling circuit converts a high current signal obtained by sampling into a high voltage signal and outputs the high voltage signal to the control unit, and the control unit outputs a corresponding PWM signal to control the switching circuit to be switched off, so that the short-circuit is protected. When the short circuit phenomenon appears in the circuit, only need control switch circuit to turn off can play the guard action, need not to change internal components and parts, the effectual maintenance cost who reduces the circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of circuits, in particular to a short-circuit protection circuit and a short-circuit protection system.
Background
With the popularization and rapid growth of digital products, related power supply technologies are broken through continuously, short-circuit protection of power supplies is an important means for guaranteeing the reliability of electronic products, and is also a key direction for research and development of various power supply manufacturers.
At present, the short-circuit protection of a power supply is mainly realized by adding a fuse or a thermistor in a power supply output circuit, but when the power supply has a short-circuit phenomenon, relevant components in the power supply circuit need to be replaced after the fuse is fused, and the later maintenance cost of the power supply circuit is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a short-circuit protection circuit and a short-circuit protection system, and aims to solve the technical problem that the existing short-circuit protection circuit is too high in maintenance cost.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a short circuit protection circuit, which includes a switch circuit, a control unit and a sampling circuit;
the first input end of the switch circuit is connected with the output end of a load, the second input end of the switch circuit is connected with the output end of the control unit, and the output end of the switch circuit is connected with the input end of the sampling circuit;
the input end of the control unit is connected with the sampling end of the sampling circuit, and the output end of the sampling circuit is connected with the battery;
the sampling circuit is used for sending a high-voltage sampling signal to the control unit when the circuit is short-circuited;
and the control unit is used for controlling the switch circuit to be switched off after receiving the high-voltage sampling signal.
Optionally, the short-circuit protection circuit further comprises a charging protection circuit;
the first input end of the charging protection circuit is connected with a power supply, and the first output end of the charging protection circuit is connected with the input end of the battery;
and a second input end of the charging protection circuit is connected with the output end of the battery, and a second output end of the charging protection circuit is connected with the input end of the load.
Optionally, the charge protection circuit comprises a constant current charging sub-circuit;
the input end of the constant current charging sub-circuit is connected with the power supply, and the output end of the constant current charging sub-circuit is connected with the input end of the battery.
Optionally, the charge protection circuit further comprises a first diode;
the anode of the first diode is connected with the output end of the battery, and the cathode of the first diode is connected with the input end of the load.
Optionally, the switching circuit includes a second diode, an inductor, and a switching tube;
a first end of the inductor is connected with an output end of the load, a second end of the inductor is respectively connected with an anode of the second diode and a first end of the switch tube, and a cathode of the second diode is connected with a cathode of the first diode;
and the second end of the switch tube is connected with the output end of the control unit, and the third end of the switch tube is connected with the input end of the sampling circuit.
Optionally, the sampling circuit comprises a differential amplification sub-circuit;
the first end of the differential amplification sub-circuit is connected with the input end of the control unit, and the second end and the third end of the differential amplification sub-circuit are connected with the third end of the switch tube.
Optionally, the sampling circuit further comprises a resistor;
the first end of the resistor is connected with the second end of the differential amplification sub-circuit, and the second end of the resistor is connected with the third end of the differential amplification sub-circuit.
Optionally, the short-circuit protection circuit further comprises a capacitor;
the first end of the capacitor is connected with the cathode of the second diode, and the second end of the capacitor is connected with the first end of the inductor.
Optionally, the switch tube is an N-channel MOS tube.
Further, to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a short-circuit protection system including a short-circuit protection circuit configured as the short-circuit protection circuit described above.
The invention provides a short-circuit protection circuit and a short-circuit protection system, wherein the short-circuit protection circuit comprises a switch circuit, a control unit and a sampling circuit; the first input end of the switching circuit is connected with the output end of the load, the second input end of the switching circuit is connected with the output end of the control unit, and the output end of the switching circuit is connected with the input end of the sampling circuit; the input end of the control unit is connected with the sampling end of the sampling circuit, and the output end of the sampling circuit is connected with the battery. The sampling circuit is used for sampling input current, converting the sampled current into sampling voltage and outputting the sampling voltage to the control unit, when the circuit is short-circuited and the input current reaches a preset current value, the sampling circuit converts a high current signal obtained by sampling into a high voltage signal and outputs the high voltage signal to the control unit, and the control unit outputs a corresponding PWM signal to control the switch circuit to be switched off, so that the short-circuit is protected. When the short circuit phenomenon appears in the circuit, only need control switch circuit to turn off can play the guard action, need not to change internal components and parts, the effectual maintenance cost who reduces the circuit.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments or technical solutions of the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a short-circuit protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the short-circuit protection circuit of the present invention.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The reference numbers illustrate:
| reference numerals | Name(s) | Reference numerals | Name(s) | |
| 10 | Switching | L1 | Inductance | |
| 20 | Control unit | | Switch tube | |
| 30 | Sampling circuit | R1 | Resistance (RC) | |
| 40 | Charging protection circuit | C1 | Capacitor with improved |
|
| 31 | Differential amplification sub-circuit | D1 | |
|
| 41 | Constant current charging sub-circuit | D2 | Second diode |
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back \8230;) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the motion situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the attached drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicators are changed accordingly.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between the embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be based on the realization of the technical solutions by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory to each other or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a short-circuit protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the short-circuit protection circuit includes a switch circuit 10, a control unit 20, and a sampling circuit 30; a first input end of the switch circuit 10 is connected to an output end of the load, a second input end of the switch circuit 10 is connected to an output end of the control unit 20, and an output end of the switch circuit 10 is connected to an input end of the sampling circuit 30; the input end of the control unit 20 is connected to the sampling end of the sampling circuit 30, and the output end of the sampling circuit 30 is connected to the battery.
The control unit 20 in this embodiment is preferably a PWM control chip, and the switching circuit 10 is turned on or off by sending PWM signals with different duty ratios to the switching circuit 10; the switch circuit 10 in the present embodiment is preferably a BUCK circuit, which is a kind of BUCK conversion circuit; the sampling circuit 30 in this embodiment is configured to sample an input current to obtain a sampling current, convert the sampling current into a sampling voltage signal, and output the sampling voltage signal to the control unit 20, so that the control unit 20 outputs a corresponding PWM signal according to the sampling voltage signal, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the switching circuit 10 to be turned on or off.
When the load normally works, the sampling current obtained by sampling by the sampling circuit 30 is converted into sampling voltage and is sent to the control unit 20, the control unit 20 outputs a PWM signal with a duty ratio close to 100% to the switch circuit 10, the switch circuit 10 is controlled to be turned on, and meanwhile, the load in the embodiment is also connected with a power supply (not shown in the figure), and a complete discharge loop is formed by turning on the switch circuit 10.
When the load is short-circuited or heavy-loaded, the sampling circuit 30 samples to obtain a sampling current with a higher current value, as an implementation manner, the current value 10A may be preset, that is, when the sampling circuit 30 is higher than 10A, it is determined that the load is short-circuited or heavy-loaded at this time, the sampling circuit 30 converts a high current signal into a high voltage signal and sends the high voltage signal to the control unit 20, and the control unit 20 adjusts the duty ratio of the output PWM signal accordingly, and limits the duty ratio of the PWM signal within a safe range, thereby implementing periodic peak current control.
The sampling circuit 30 in this embodiment is configured to sample an input current, convert the sampled current into a sampling voltage, and output the sampling voltage to the control unit 20, when the circuit is short-circuited and the input current reaches a preset current value, the sampling circuit 30 converts a sampled high current signal into a high voltage signal and outputs the high voltage signal to the control unit 20, and the control unit 20 outputs a corresponding PWM signal to control the switching circuit 10 to be turned off, thereby protecting the short-circuit. When the short circuit phenomenon appears in the circuit, only need control switch circuit 10 to turn off can play the guard action, need not to change internal components and parts, the effectual maintenance cost who reduces the circuit.
Further, referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the short-circuit protection circuit of the present invention. The short-circuit protection circuit further includes a charge protection circuit 40; a first input end of the charging protection circuit 40 is connected with a power supply, and a first output end of the charging protection circuit 40 is connected with an input end of a battery; a second input terminal of the charging protection circuit 40 is connected to the output terminal of the battery, and a second output terminal of the charging protection circuit 40 is connected to the input terminal of the load.
Further, the charge protection circuit 40 includes a constant current charge circuit 41; the input end of the constant current charging sub-circuit 41 is connected with a power supply, and the output end of the constant current charging sub-circuit 41 is connected with the input end of the battery.
Further, the charge protection circuit 40 further includes a first diode D1; the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the output terminal of the battery, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the input terminal of the load.
In this embodiment, a charging protection circuit 40 is further provided, wherein the charging protection circuit 40 includes a constant-range charging sub-circuit and a first diode D1. As shown in fig. 2, the input terminal of the constant current charging sub-circuit 41 is connected to a power supply, and the output terminal of the constant current charging sub-circuit 41 is connected to the battery, so that the power supply can stably charge the battery through the constant current charging sub-circuit 41. Meanwhile, a first diode D1 is further arranged to be connected with the battery, the anode of the first diode D1 is connected with the output end of the battery, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected with the input end of the load, so that unidirectional circulation of the output current of the battery is ensured.
The constant current charging electronic circuit 41 is arranged in the embodiment to ensure that the power supply stably supplies power to the battery and ensure the safety of the battery in the charging process; the first diode D1 is arranged to ensure the unidirectional output current of the battery and protect the battery in the output process of the battery. That is, the present embodiment plays a role of protecting the safety of the battery during the charging and discharging processes by providing the charge protection circuit 40.
Further, with reference to fig. 2, the switch circuit 10 includes a second diode D2, an inductor L1 and a switch Q1; a first end of the inductor L1 is connected with an output end of the load, a second end of the inductor L1 is respectively connected with an anode of the second diode D2 and a first end of the switching tube Q1, and a cathode of the second diode D2 is connected with a cathode of the first diode D1; the second end of the switch tube Q1 is connected to the output end of the control unit 20, and the third end of the switch tube Q1 is connected to the input end of the sampling circuit 30.
In the embodiment, a second diode D2, an inductor L1 and a switching tube Q1 are arranged to jointly form a common positive BUCK circuit, in the common positive BUCK circuit, when the switching tube Q1 is driven to be in a high level, the switching tube Q1 is conducted, the inductor L1 is magnetized, and the current flowing through the inductor L1 is increased linearly; when the switching tube Q1 is driven to a low level, the switching tube Q1 is turned off, the inductor L1 discharges through the second diode D2, and the current of the inductor L1 linearly decreases. The switching tube Q1 may be an N-channel MOS tube, a gate of the MOS tube is connected to the control unit 20, a source of the MOS tube is connected to the sampling circuit 30, and a drain of the MOS tube is connected to the second end of the inductor L1.
In the embodiment, the second diode D2, the inductor L1 and the switching tube Q1 are arranged, and the whole components form a common positive BUCK circuit, so that the input of the load is adjusted when the load is in a short circuit by using the characteristics of the BUCK circuit, thereby playing a role in short circuit protection.
Further, the sampling circuit 30 includes a differential amplification sub-circuit 31; a first end of the differential amplifier sub-circuit 31 is connected to the input end of the control unit 20, and a second end and a third end of the differential amplifier sub-circuit 31 are connected to the third end of the switch tube Q1.
Further, the sampling circuit 30 further includes a resistor R1; a first end of the resistor R1 is connected to the second end of the differential amplifier sub-circuit 31, and a second end of the resistor R1 is connected to the third end of the differential amplifier sub-circuit 31.
Further, the short-circuit protection circuit further comprises a capacitor C1; a first end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the cathode of the second diode D2, and a second end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the first end of the inductor L1.
The sampling circuit 30 in this embodiment includes a differential amplification sub-circuit 31 and a resistor R1, and it is easily understood that the resistor R1 is used as the sampling resistor R1, as a preferred mode, the differential amplification sub-circuit 31 includes an operational amplifier, the differential amplification sub-circuit 31 converts the current on the sampling resistor R1 into a sampling voltage and transmits the sampling voltage to the control unit 20, and the control unit 20 determines whether the load is short-circuited according to the obtained value of the sampling voltage. In addition, a capacitor C1 functioning as a filter is also provided in the present embodiment. It is easy to understand that when the load is short-circuited, the current on the resistor R1 increases, the sampling voltage output by the corresponding differential amplifier sub-circuit 31 also increases, and when the current exceeds a certain value, the control unit 20 adjusts the duty ratio of the output PWM signal to protect the load.
Further, the present invention also protects a short-circuit protection system, which includes a short-circuit protection circuit, and the structure of the short-circuit protection circuit can refer to the above embodiments, and is not described herein again. It should be noted that, since the short-circuit protection system of the present embodiment adopts the technical solution of the short-circuit protection circuit, the short-circuit protection system has all the beneficial effects of the short-circuit protection circuit.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising a," "8230," "8230," or "comprising" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or system comprising the element.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are only for description, and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes performed by the present invention or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are also included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A short-circuit protection circuit is characterized by comprising a load, a switch circuit, a control unit, a sampling circuit, a capacitor, a charging protection circuit and a constant-current charging sub-circuit;
the first input end of the switch circuit is connected with the output end of the load, the second input end of the switch circuit is connected with the output end of the control unit, the output end of the switch circuit is connected with the input end of the sampling circuit, two ends of the capacitor are respectively connected to the input end and the output end of the load, and the input end of the load is connected with the output end of the power supply;
the input end of the control unit is connected with the sampling end of the sampling circuit, and the output end of the sampling circuit is connected with the battery;
a first input end of the charging protection circuit is connected with the power supply, a first output end of the charging protection circuit is connected with an input end of the battery, a second input end of the charging protection circuit is connected with an output end of the battery, and a second output end of the charging protection circuit is connected with an input end of the load;
the input end of the constant current charging sub-circuit is connected with the power supply, and the output end of the constant current charging sub-circuit is connected with the input end of the battery;
the charge protection circuit comprises a first diode;
the anode of the first diode is connected with the output end of the battery, and the cathode of the first diode is connected with the input end of the load;
the switching circuit comprises a second diode, an inductor and a switching tube;
a first end of the inductor is connected with an output end of the load, a second end of the inductor is respectively connected with an anode of the second diode and a first end of the switch tube, and a cathode of the second diode is connected with a cathode of the first diode;
the second end of the switch tube is connected with the output end of the control unit, and the third end of the switch tube is connected with the input end of the sampling circuit;
the sampling circuit is used for sending a high-voltage sampling signal to the control unit when the circuit is short-circuited;
the control unit is used for controlling the switch tube in the switch circuit to be disconnected after the high-voltage sampling signal is received;
and the switching circuit is used for controlling the inductor to discharge through the second diode when the switching tube is disconnected, and reducing the voltage at two ends of the capacitor so as to adjust the input of the load.
2. The short-circuit protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the sampling circuit comprises a differential amplification sub-circuit;
the first end of the differential amplification sub-circuit is connected with the input end of the control unit, and the second end and the third end of the differential amplification sub-circuit are connected with the third end of the switch tube.
3. The short-circuit protection circuit of claim 2, wherein the sampling circuit further comprises a resistor;
the first end of the resistor is connected with the second end of the differential amplification sub-circuit, and the second end of the resistor is connected with the third end of the differential amplification sub-circuit.
4. The short-circuit protection circuit of claim 3, further comprising a capacitor;
and the first end of the capacitor is connected with the cathode of the second diode, and the second end of the capacitor is connected with the first end of the inductor.
5. The short-circuit protection circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the switching tube is an N-channel MOS tube.
6. A short-circuit protection system, characterized in that it comprises a short-circuit protection circuit configured as a short-circuit protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010459769.5A CN111614063B (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2020-05-26 | Short-circuit protection circuit and short-circuit protection system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010459769.5A CN111614063B (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2020-05-26 | Short-circuit protection circuit and short-circuit protection system |
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| CN111614063A CN111614063A (en) | 2020-09-01 |
| CN111614063B true CN111614063B (en) | 2023-02-17 |
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| CN112600169B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2023-09-12 | 西安易朴通讯技术有限公司 | Protection device, buck circuit and control method of Buck circuit |
| CN114725893B (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2024-02-27 | 杭州华塑科技股份有限公司 | Short-circuit protection system and method for battery and electronic equipment |
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| CN104779583B (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2017-09-29 | 西安科技大学 | The design method of switch power supply die mould output short circuit protection circuit |
| CN205960760U (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2017-02-15 | 重庆鼎工机电有限公司 | Portable power protection control system that synthesizes |
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Effective date of registration: 20231108 Address after: Room 101, 3rd Floor, Building 11, Phase II of Weisheng Science and Technology Park, No. 468 Tongzipo West Road, High tech Development Zone, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410205 Patentee after: Hunan Shenghe Intelligent Control Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 1-8, 3rd floor, No. 101, Building 11, Phase II, Weisheng Science Park, No. 468, Tongzipo West Road, High-tech Development Zone, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410000 Patentee before: HUNAN SEEHRE POWER TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. |
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