CN111612190A - Intelligent energy settlement system and method based on block chain technology - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides an intelligent energy settlement system based on a block chain technology, which comprises an energy supply node and an energy consumption node; each energy supply node is connected with each energy consumption node through a power supply circuit; the energy supply nodes and the energy consumption nodes are communicated through the Internet of things; and the settlement mode between each energy supply node and each energy consumption node is a decentralized point-to-point settlement mode. Meanwhile, the invention provides an intelligent energy settlement method based on the block chain technology. The intelligent energy resource management system reasonably classifies a plurality of intelligent energy resource participating main bodies, has clear functions and clear roles, promotes efficient operation in various aspects such as transaction, authentication and the like by taking guarantee trust as a core, provides important technical means for transaction settlement and the like in a distributed micro-grid system based on the technical characteristics of block chains, promotes the cooperation of the participating main bodies, realizes diversification and low cost of transaction, and adapts to the development of intelligent energy resources under new situation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of block chains, in particular to an intelligent energy settlement system based on a block chain technology; meanwhile, the invention also relates to a block chain-based intelligent energy settlement method.
Background
In a traditional power system, power is mainly generated by thermal power, hydropower and the like, and new energy becomes an important energy strategy all over the world under the background of increased environmental protection pressure. Photovoltaic, wind power, renewable energy and other new energy technologies are becoming mature, and with the ever-increasing market scale, users with scattered individual capacity increase, and new energy market trading has become market demand. The development of the energy Internet further promotes the rapid application of distributed energy, energy storage, electric vehicles and the like, the energy production is changed into a centralized production mode and a distributed production mode which exist harmoniously, and the traditional power grid structure is changed. The rapid rise of distributed new energy, energy storage, electric vehicles, carbon transaction and the like has more diverse participants, so that the energy source flow, the information flow and the fund flow in the energy internet are more complex. Due to the fact that all main bodies are dispersed and a network trust mechanism is lost, the problems that metering, interaction, control and decision making of all participating main bodies of a power system are difficult are effectively solved, and no relevant research exists at present. Traditional settlement systems have failed to meet or hinder the development of intelligent energy.
The 'Internet plus' intelligent energy tries to establish a new energy industry development form with deep integration of the Internet and energy production, transmission, storage, consumption and energy market, and realizes 'equipment intelligence, multi-energy cooperation, information symmetry, supply and demand dispersion, system flatness and open transaction'. The block chain technology is used for innovating the traditional internet pattern and mode, promoting efficient operation in various aspects such as transaction, authentication and the like by taking guarantee trust as a core, and providing an important technical means for solving the problem of transaction settlement in a distributed micro-grid system and the like based on the technical characteristics of the block chain.
Therefore, developing a multi-subject intelligent energy settlement system, especially in a distributed microgrid system, is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a smart energy settlement system based on a block chain technology, which is suitable for a multi-subject participating, especially a distributed micro-grid system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a smart energy settlement system based on block chain technology comprises
An energy supply node for providing an electrical power resource;
an energy consumption node for using an electrical power resource;
the energy supply nodes are connected with the energy consumption nodes through power supply lines, and energy supply and energy consumption are realized through the power supply lines;
the energy supply nodes and the energy consumption nodes are communicated through the Internet of things;
and the settlement mode between each energy supply node and each energy consumption node is a decentralized point-to-point settlement mode.
Further, the energy supply nodes comprise a micro-grid system, an energy storage company, a national grid power plant, a photovoltaic power generation user, a wind power generation user and a national grid company; the energy consumption node comprises an energy storage company and an electricity consumption unit.
Further, the energy storage company stores energy in a power utilization valley period and pays a fee to the energy supply node; the national grid company is supplied with power and charged a fee during peak periods of power usage.
Further, the energy consumption node establishes transactions with a plurality of energy supply nodes simultaneously.
Furthermore, each energy supply node and each energy consumption node are provided with an intelligent electric meter and a light terminal matched with the intelligent electric meter.
Furthermore, the intelligent electric meter has a metering function, and the light terminal is used for acquiring metering data, storing electricity utilization information data, trading, interacting with a block chain network, positioning geography and interacting with a mobile phone.
Further, it is characterized in that: the intelligent energy settlement system based on the block chain technology further comprises a plurality of data backup centers, and each data backup center is connected to each light terminal and used for finishing the storage and the distribution of transaction data.
Further, if the energy supply node cannot meet the power demand reservation, the national grid company provides power to the energy supply node.
Further, the energy consumption node and the national grid limited company do not need to reserve electricity.
Meanwhile, the invention provides an intelligent energy settlement method based on the block chain.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a block chain-based intelligent energy settlement method comprises the following steps:
step one, the energy consumption node appoints electricity to the energy supply node;
step two, after the energy consumption relay receives the response of the energy supply node, the two parties negotiate the transaction details and reach the preliminary transaction, and block information is formed and broadcasted;
step three, using electricity and completing;
and step four, after the agreed transaction is finished, the two parties finish payment, and block information is formed and broadcasted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the intelligent energy settlement system based on the block chain technology is characterized in that distributed energy, energy storage, charging piles, a power grid, power utilization units and the like are taken as participating main bodies, a plurality of participating main bodies of intelligent energy are reasonably classified, functions are clear, roles are clear, guarantee trust is taken as a core to promote efficient operation in various aspects such as transaction, authentication and the like, based on the technical characteristics of the block chain, important technical means are provided for solving the problem of transaction settlement in a distributed micro-grid system and the like, the cooperation of multi-form energy and each participating main body is promoted, further fusion of information and a physical system is promoted, diversification and low cost of transaction are realized, open sharing of intelligent energy and safe and efficient internet transaction systems and commercial operation platforms are realized, and the development of intelligent energy in new situation is adapted.
2. The block chain technology is adopted, the traditional Internet pattern and mode are changed, the credit of both trading parties is guaranteed through the technology, and the trading cost is reduced; secondly, the invention adopts a decentralized point-to-point payment mode, does not need a center to participate in settlement, and greatly simplifies the functional design of the center; finally, as settlement does not involve a center, both parties of the transaction agree prices by themselves, competition is promoted, and electricity consumption cost is reduced.
3. According to the invention, the intelligent ammeter and the light terminal matched with the intelligent ammeter are configured on each node, the existing equipment and resources are fully utilized, the system function is completed, and the upgrading is simple on the basis of the existing system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic node division diagram of an intelligent energy settlement system based on block chain technology according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a smart energy settlement system based on the block chain technology according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a block chain based intelligent energy settlement method according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a transaction process between an energy consumption node and a national grid company limited according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a smart energy settlement system based on the block chain technology according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a data model diagram of a light terminal in the intelligent energy settlement system based on the block chain technology according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the connection may be direct or indirect via an intermediate medium, and may be a communication between the two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Example 1
The embodiment relates to an intelligent energy settlement system based on a block chain technology, which comprises an energy supply node for providing power resources and an energy consumption node for using the power resources. The main design comprises: node classification design of intelligent energy, communication modes among nodes, settlement modes among nodes and equipment configuration on the nodes. In particular, the amount of the solvent to be used,
firstly, node classification design of intelligent energy is carried out.
The wisdom energy includes multiple main parts such as distributed energy, energy storage, fills electric pile, electric wire netting, power consumption unit, and above-mentioned multi-main-part classification can be power plant, photovoltaic power generation user, wind energy power generation user, national grid limited company, energy storage company, power supply network, power consumption unit. Photovoltaic power generation users and wind power generation users are distributed micro-grid systems and can be classified into one category. The above participating subjects are divided into nodes.
Therefore, according to the functions of the above-described subjects, the present embodiment divides the nodes into an energy supply node and an energy consumption node (one of which is shown in fig. 1 in an exemplary configuration). The power generation system comprises a power plant, a photovoltaic power generation user, a wind power generation user, a national power grid limited company and an energy storage company, wherein the power plant, the photovoltaic power generation user, the wind power generation user, the national power grid limited company and the energy storage company provide power resources and are energy supply nodes, and power consumption units use the power resources and are energy consumption nodes. The nodes are connected through power supply lines, and energy supply and energy consumption are realized through the power supply lines. In fig. 1, the direction of the arrow indicates the flow direction of the electrical energy source.
Preferably, the energy consumption node establishes transactions with a plurality of the energy supply nodes at the same time. Notably, the power supply line is not within both the supply and demand parties, which is a third party that provides service. In particular, an energy storage company as an energy supply node, which can store energy during a power consumption valley period and pay a fee to a power generation side (the above-mentioned energy supply node); the national grid limited is supplied with electricity during peak hours and charged a fee.
And secondly, designing a communication mode between the nodes. And the nodes are communicated through the Internet of things. Networking is carried out through a communication line, and information is transmitted.
And designing a settlement mode between the nodes again. The settlement mode among the nodes is a decentralized point-to-point settlement mode. The points can directly reserve and purchase the electricity consumption, and after the electricity consumption is completed, both trading parties can directly settle accounts without a center, thereby simplifying the settlement process. Transaction content is recorded using blockchain techniques. Generating a block every time when reservation is started, and recording information of both transaction parties; and updating the block information after the transaction is completed.
And finally, designing the equipment configuration on the node. Each node is connected to a power supply line through access equipment and is provided with a light terminal. Specifically, the devices on the node include a smart meter and a light terminal (as shown in fig. 2) that cooperates with the smart meter. The intelligent electric meter finishes a metering function, and the light terminal acquires metering data, stores electricity consumption information data, interacts with the blockchain network, and finishes functions of transaction, geographic positioning and mobile phone interaction in the blockchain network. The light terminal completes the interaction, negotiation and transaction among the units, and the signed negotiation and transaction information is submitted to the block chain network by the light terminal for verification. The block chain information is stored on the light terminal to form distributed storage, so that verification and query are facilitated. The intelligent electric meter and the light terminal are in communication connection in a communication mode of the intelligent electric meter, and preferably, the intelligent electric meter and the light terminal are connected through a 485 port.
The conventional smart meter is used in the present invention. The device comprises a sampling module, an I/O module, a metering module, a central processing module and a communication module. Specifically, the sampling module samples the current and the voltage, respectively. The I/O module connects the display device and the input device, such as a liquid crystal display and a keyboard. The communication module can be externally connected with 485 modules, Bluetooth modules, GPRS modules and infrared modules, and is connected with participating equipment such as a mobile phone. The metering module is used for metering the electricity consumption. The central processing module is used for finishing man-machine interaction, external communication and calculation.
A data model associated with the blockchain in the light terminal is shown in fig. 6. As can be seen in FIG. 6, the data model includes a data layer, a network layer, a consensus layer, a contract layer, and an application layer.
And (3) a data layer: the chain structure of the bottom layer data block is packaged, and related technologies such as asymmetric public and private key data encryption technology and time stamp are used, and the chain structure is the bottom layer data structure in the whole block chain technology. These techniques are the basis for building settlement systems, and their use for decades has proven its reliability to be very secure. And the block chain formally and skillfully combines the technologies together. A block federation chain is utilized to ensure that the block chain is not fully disclosed. The data is computed at least once using an irreversible encryption algorithm to generate a unique blockchain ID, i.e., a Hash value.
Network layer: including P2P networking mechanisms, data propagation mechanisms, data verification mechanisms, and the like. The early application of P2P networking technology in P2P downloaded software such as BT means that the blockchain has an automatic networking function. The units are equal in status and communicated with each other, and have the characteristics of distribution, autonomy, openness, free access and the like. Each unit in the block chain network can participate in the checking and accounting process of the block data, and the block chain can be recorded only after the block data passes the verification of most units in the whole network. The decentralized design of the block chain ensures that the file data cannot be tampered and forged.
A consensus layer: and various consensus mechanism algorithms of the network unit are encapsulated. The consensus mechanism algorithm is the core technology of the blockchain, because the decision is made on who to perform the accounting, and the accounting decision mode influences the safety and reliability of the whole system. More than ten consensus mechanism algorithms have appeared, among which the most well-known ones are the workload Proof mechanism (PoW), the equity Proof mechanism (PoS), the equity Proof mechanism (DPoS), and the released Proof mechanism (post). The data layer, the network layer and the consensus layer are essential elements for constructing the blockchain technology, and the lack of any layer cannot be called the blockchain technology in the true sense.
And (3) contract layer: and various scripts, algorithms and intelligent contracts are packaged, and are the basis of the programmable characteristic of the block chain. The bitcoin has the writing function of a simple script, and the Ethengfang greatly strengthens a programming language protocol and can write application for realizing any function theoretically. If the bitcoin is regarded as a global account book, the ether house can be regarded as a 'global computer', any person can upload and execute any application program, and the effective execution of the program can be guaranteed. In the invention, the contract layer is packaged with a contract code for electric power settlement, when the condition in the contract code is triggered, the corresponding transaction is automatically executed, and meanwhile, the corresponding electric power transaction price, settlement rule and the like can be specified through the contract content.
An application layer: various application scenes and cases of the block chain are packaged, for example, various block chain applications built on an Ethermen are deployed on an application layer, and future programmable finance and programmable society are built on the application layer. In the invention, the application layer applies the block chain technology to the light terminal, such as user management, bill management, data management and the like.
Some data models are also provided with an incentive layer, and economic factors are integrated into a block chain technology system, including an economic incentive issuing mechanism, an economic incentive distributing mechanism and the like, which mainly appear in a public chain. Units that are subject to rules of compliance must be incentivized in the public chain to participate in billing, and units that are not subject to rules are penalized for the overall system to evolve toward virtuous circle. In the private chain, the incentive is not necessarily needed, because the units participating in the accounting are often gambled out of the chain, requiring participation in accounting by force or voluntary. In this embodiment, the excitation layer is not provided.
It can be seen that the blockchain network uses a decentralized approach to protect transaction information of the light terminal using the blockchain network and to attach the information to the blockchain. Each unit is only one part of the network system, and each unit records block information, so that only one unit can control the whole network system.
In summary, in the smart energy settlement system based on the block chain technology of the embodiment, distributed energy, energy storage, charging piles, a power grid, power consumption units and the like are taken as participating main bodies, a plurality of participating main bodies of the smart energy are reasonably classified, functions are clear, roles are clear, and efficient operation in various aspects such as transaction, authentication and the like is promoted by taking guarantee trust as a core.
Secondly, the block chain technology is adopted in the embodiment, the traditional Internet pattern and mode are changed, the credit of both trading parties is guaranteed through the technology, and the trading cost is reduced; secondly, the invention adopts a decentralized point-to-point payment mode, does not need a center to participate in settlement, and greatly simplifies the functional design of the center; finally, as settlement does not involve a center, both parties of the transaction agree prices by themselves, competition is promoted, and electricity consumption cost is reduced.
Finally, the intelligent electric meter and the light terminal matched with the intelligent electric meter are configured on each node, existing equipment and resources are fully utilized, system functions are completed, and upgrading is simple on the basis of the existing system.
Example 2
The present embodiment relates to a block chain-based intelligent energy settlement method (as shown in fig. 3), which is based on the above settlement system to complete power consumption and settlement. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
step one, the energy consumption node applies for power utilization to the energy supply node in a reservation mode, and the energy consumption node sends out reservation including information such as power utilization time and power consumption to the energy supply node providing power according to self demand and peak-valley time.
And step two, after receiving the reservation, the energy supply node responds to the reservation according to the running condition of the energy supply node and the reservation condition of other energy consumption nodes.
And step three, after the two parties respond, negotiating transaction details including time, electric quantity, price and the like, and forming a transaction after the negotiation is finished. Transaction information is stored in blocks and broadcast. After other participating bodies in the system receive the broadcast information, the block chain information is updated. The transaction information formed after price agreement is the basis for final settlement. If the electricity consumption unit refuses not to pay the fee, the micro-grid unit can request the right of the micro-grid unit according to the transaction information.
And step four, after the electricity consumption is finished, the two transaction parties pay according to the agreement price to finish point-to-point settlement. After settlement is completed, a transaction is formed. Transaction information is stored in blocks and broadcast.
According to the above, two block information are generated and are uplink stored every time electricity is used, one is a transaction agreement determined by negotiation, and the other is payment information completed according to the agreement after the electricity utilization transaction is completed. And in each node, the light terminal completes the release, response, negotiation, payment, block information generation, uplink transmission and information storage of the reservation information. The application of blockchains requires that blockchain information be stored on every node.
Particularly, the national grid company is used as a supplement for the power consumption of the energy consumption node, and the energy consumption node uses the power provided by the national grid under the condition that the reserved micro-grid energy cannot meet the requirement, namely when the reserved amount of the power consumption unit cannot meet the actual requirement, the part of the power needs to be acquired from the national grid company. However, since the usage amount cannot be determined, the energy consumption node does not need to make a reservation with the national grid limited company, and a transaction record is generated after power consumption. Settlement of the energy consumption node with the national grid company limited occurs after settlement with the microgrid unit. The specific transaction process is as follows (as shown in fig. 4):
first, the trade between the national grid company and the microgrid can be completed.
And secondly, calculating the actual electricity consumption in a certain time by the energy consumption node, and subtracting the reserved electricity quantity provided by the microgrid user by the energy consumption node, wherein the difference is the electricity quantity obtained from the national power grid company Limited.
Again, the difference forms a transaction record,
and finally, after the electricity consumption unit finishes payment to the national grid company, generating block information and broadcasting the block information.
Therefore, the electricity utilization unit and the national grid company can be regarded as point-to-point settlement.
The settlement formula of the energy consumption node and the energy supply node is as follows:
s is the transaction price, Q is the amount of power consumed during the transaction, and P is the negotiated price.
The energy consumption node can establish transactions with a plurality of energy supply nodes at the same time.
The settlement amount varies according to the electricity consumption time and the energy supply node due to the difference of peak and valley and different negotiation and bargaining results.
The power consumption of the energy consumption node is as follows: reserved electricity consumption + amount of electricity obtained from national grid limited.
Different transaction records are generated for different energy supply nodes at different time periods. The energy consumption node pays for each completed electricity consumption transaction respectively to complete point-to-point transactions, and formed transaction records are recorded in a block chain in the form of block information.
Example 3
The present embodiment relates to an intelligent energy settlement system based on block chain technology, which has substantially the same components as those of embodiment 1, except that: the intelligent energy settlement system based on the block chain technology further comprises a plurality of data backup centers, and each data backup center is connected to each light terminal and used for finishing the storage and the distribution of transaction data.
The Internet of things is characterized by small information amount and high frequency. Under the condition of small user quantity, the storage capacity of the light terminal and the dependent Internet of things can meet the communication requirement. However, as the number of users increases, the system scale increases and the concurrent transaction events increase exponentially, in this case, if the requirement that each node stores the blockchain information is to be met, the storage scale of the light terminal needs to be increased, and the bandwidth of the communication network is increased. In order to solve the above problems, the intelligent energy settlement system of this embodiment establishes a plurality of data backup centers, and each data backup center is connected to the light terminals on a plurality of nodes to complete the storage and distribution of transaction data. The light terminal completes negotiation, establishment of transaction and settlement. And the block chain information is stored on the light terminal to form distributed storage, so that verification and query are facilitated.
All data backup centers are connected through a backbone communication network, and a perfect storage mechanism is arranged to complete the storage and the distribution of data. The configuration of the system is shown in fig. 5. Preferably, the backbone communication network is preferably an optical fiber network.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a wisdom energy settlement system based on block chain technique which characterized in that: comprises that
An energy supply node for providing an electrical power resource;
an energy consumption node for using an electrical power resource;
the energy supply nodes are connected with the energy consumption nodes through power supply lines, and energy supply and energy consumption are realized through the power supply lines;
the energy supply nodes and the energy consumption nodes are communicated through the Internet of things;
and the settlement mode between each energy supply node and each energy consumption node is a decentralized point-to-point settlement mode.
2. The intelligent block-chain-technology-based energy settlement system of claim 1, wherein: the energy supply nodes comprise a micro-grid system, an energy storage company, a national grid power plant, a photovoltaic power generation user, a wind power generation user and a national grid company; the energy consumption node comprises an energy storage company and an electricity consumption unit.
3. The intelligent block-chain-technology-based energy settlement system of claim 2, wherein: the energy storage company stores energy in the electricity consumption valley period and pays the cost to the energy supply node; the national grid company is supplied with power and charged a fee during peak periods of power usage.
4. The intelligent block-chain-technology-based energy settlement system of claim 1, wherein: and the energy consumption nodes establish transactions with a plurality of energy supply nodes at the same time.
5. The intelligent block-chain-technology-based energy settlement system of claim 1, wherein: each energy supply node and each energy consumption node are provided with an intelligent electric meter and a light terminal matched with the intelligent electric meter.
6. The intelligent block-chain-technology-based energy settlement system of claim 5, wherein: the intelligent electric meter has a metering function, and the light terminal is used for acquiring metering data, storing electricity utilization information data, trading, interacting with a block chain network, positioning geography and interacting with a mobile phone.
7. The intelligent block chain technology-based energy settlement system according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein: the intelligent energy settlement system based on the block chain technology further comprises a plurality of data backup centers, and each data backup center is connected to each light terminal and used for finishing the storage and the distribution of transaction data.
8. The intelligent block-chain-technology-based energy settlement system of claim 2, wherein: and if the energy supply node cannot meet the reserved power utilization, the national grid company limited supplies power to the energy supply node.
9. The intelligent block-chain-technology-based energy settlement system of claim 8, wherein: the energy consumption node and the national grid company do not need to reserve electricity.
10. A block chain-based intelligent energy settlement method is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps:
step one, the energy consumption node appoints electricity to the energy supply node;
step two, after the energy consumption relay receives the response of the energy supply node, the two parties negotiate the transaction details and reach the preliminary transaction, and block information is formed and broadcasted;
step three, using electricity and completing;
and step four, after the agreed transaction is finished, the two parties finish payment, and block information is formed and broadcasted.
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