CN111610186B - Method and device for rapidly and quantitatively detecting mica in concrete fine aggregate - Google Patents
Method and device for rapidly and quantitatively detecting mica in concrete fine aggregate Download PDFInfo
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- CN111610186B CN111610186B CN202010317865.6A CN202010317865A CN111610186B CN 111610186 B CN111610186 B CN 111610186B CN 202010317865 A CN202010317865 A CN 202010317865A CN 111610186 B CN111610186 B CN 111610186B
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for rapidly and quantitatively detecting mica in concrete fine aggregate, which comprises the following steps: taking a digital photo of a sample to be detected; (2) Comparing the memory space occupied by the photo with the corresponding relation between the mica content and the memory size of the image, so as to obtain the mica content in the concrete fine aggregate; the mica content-image memory size correspondence is obtained as follows: step I, taking concrete fine aggregate with known mica content, and manufacturing a detection sample under the same shooting condition as in the step 1; II, taking a photo of the detection sample in the step I, and recording the memory space occupied by the photo and the mica content corresponding to the memory space; and III, taking concrete fine aggregate samples with continuously changed mica content, and repeating the steps I and II to obtain the corresponding relation between the mica content and the memory size of the image. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the detection method is fast, reliable in result and has good engineering application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of detection of harmful components of concrete raw materials, in particular to a method and a device for rapidly and quantitatively detecting mica in concrete fine aggregate.
Background
Mica is a natural mineral, and is associated with various rocks, and has certain content in natural sand and machine-made sand. Mica is a harmful component in concrete fine aggregate, and after the content exceeds a certain value, the mica has adverse effects on the workability, mechanical properties and durability of the concrete. Therefore, the related specifications of the fields of construction, water conservancy, bridges and the like in China limit the mica content not to be more than 2 percent, and the mica content index is a necessary control index. Based on the method, the mica content is detected according to detection standards in different fields, and the method is selected by manually selecting the amplified mica by using a magnifying glass, so that the speed is low, and the artificial influence is remarkable. Therefore, the technology for detecting the mica content of the concrete fine aggregate rapidly and efficiently is particularly important.
Chinese patent document CN206132638U discloses an aggregate mica content measuring system, which detects the mica content by using an image recognition technology, recognizes each particle in the aggregate and counts the pixel value thereof, and then calculates the proportion of the mica pixels therein, but the specification describes that the mode requires that the measured aggregate particles have gaps and cannot overlap each other, that is, the used samples need to be screened and rearranged, thus not only having great operation difficulty, but also being easy to cause errors with the true value. The existing image recognition technology relies on an algorithm to extract image information, the requirement on hardware is high, and errors are larger for edges of images, particularly fine aggregates because of smaller particle diameters.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for rapidly and quantitatively detecting mica in concrete fine aggregate, which are used for solving the technical problems of high implementation difficulty and easy error generation of mica detection in the existing concrete.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for rapidly and quantitatively detecting mica in concrete fine aggregate is designed, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Taking a digital photo of the sample to be detected;
(2) Comparing the memory space occupied by the photo with the corresponding relation between the mica content and the image memory space size, and obtaining the mica content in the concrete fine aggregate;
the mica content-image memory space corresponding relation is obtained by the following steps:
step I, taking concrete fine aggregate with known mica content, and manufacturing a detection sample under the same shooting condition as in the step 1;
II, taking a photo of the detection sample in the step I, and recording the memory space occupied by the photo and the mica content corresponding to the memory space;
and III, taking concrete fine aggregate samples with continuously changed mica content, and repeating the steps I and II to obtain the corresponding relation between the mica content and the memory size of the image.
Preferably, the mica content in the concrete fine aggregate of the above known mica content is measured according to the SL352-2006 mica content test method.
Preferably, the mica content-image memory space size correspondence is arranged according to the mica content of 0% -N% and with a% as the change rate; wherein N% is the maximum value +1% of the mica content contained in the sand source, and a% is 0.5% or 1%.
Preferably, each group of samples shoots 5 images, and an average value of the memory space occupied by the 5 images is taken; if the difference between the memory space occupied by one image and the average value exceeds 5%, the maximum and minimum memory values are removed, the average value of the remaining 3 memory sizes is taken again as a final result, and if the difference between the memory space occupied by 2 or more images and the average value exceeds 5%, the obtained result is invalid, and the resampling test is performed.
Preferably, the method for manufacturing the detection sample comprises the following steps:
a. drying a concrete fine aggregate sample to constant weight, wherein the total mass of the sample is not less than 1000g;
b. randomly extracting the dried sample, placing the dried sample in a funnel, and placing a sample test box under the funnel;
c. and opening the funnel, and scraping the surface of the sample after the sample is freely filled in the sample test box to obtain a detection sample.
Preferably, the sample test box is a round test box with the diameter not smaller than 10cm or a square test box with the side length not smaller than 7 cm; the depth of the sample box is not less than 2cm, and the volume of the sample box is not more than 200cm 3 。
Preferably, the largest inscribed square image of the circular cartridge or the image formed by the inner edges of the square cartridge is taken as the resultant image.
Preferably, the camera pixel values used to take the picture are not less than 2000 ten thousand.
Still design a quick quantitative determination device of mica in concrete fine aggregate, be equipped with the hole that holds the camera lens including the panel that the support is fixed in support upper portion on the panel, the panel below is equipped with the sample box that corresponds with the hole.
Preferably, the panel is provided with illumination lamps on both sides of the hole.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the invention discovers that the compression mode is adopted when the digital photo is stored, under the same condition, the more single the image color is, the larger the compression ratio is, and the smaller the memory space occupied by the obtained image is; therefore, the higher the mica content in the concrete is, the more complex the content of the shot photo is, the larger the memory space occupied by the photo is, the two are in positive correlation, the corresponding mica content is obtained by checking the memory size of the image, the method is simple, convenient and visual, the sample is not required to be manually processed in the mode, the image is processed without complex algorithm, the artificial and equipment errors are reduced, the detection method is fast, the result is reliable, the detection cost is low, and the method has good engineering application prospect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a left side view of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the change of the relationship between the river sand mica content and the memory space occupied by the image.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the change of the mechanical sand mica content in relation to the memory space occupied by the image.
In the above figures, 1 is a bottom plate, 2 is a bracket, 3 is a horizontal panel, 4 is a digital camera, 5 is a lens, 6 is a sample placing table, 7 is a sample box, 8 is a test sample, and 9 is an LED white light source.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given to illustrate the invention in detail, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.
Example 1: the utility model provides a quick quantitative determination device of mica in concrete fine aggregate, see fig. 1 and 2, including fixing the support 2 on horizontal bottom plate 1, two sets of supports 2 are installed perpendicularly relatively, fixed horizontal plane board 3 in support 2 upper portion, set up the hole that holds digital camera 4's camera lens 5 in the center department of horizontal plane board, place the position that digital camera 4 set up spacing and retrain digital camera 4's position on horizontal plane board 3, guarantee the shooting angle.
A sample placing table 6 is arranged below the hole of the horizontal plane plate 3, a sample box 7 is placed on the sample placing table 6, and the sample box 7 is opposite to the lens 5. The sample box 7 is a round sample box with the diameter not smaller than 10cm, square sample boxes with the side length not smaller than 7cm can be used, the depth of the sample box 7 is not smaller than 2cm, and the total volume is not larger than 200cm 3 . To ensure that each group of photos is illuminated identically, 3W LED white light sources 9 are arranged on two sides of the hole of the horizontal panel 3 for light supplementing. Further, in order to reduce interference of external light, a light shielding plate may be disposed along edges of the horizontal plane plate 3 and the bottom plate 1 to seal the sample cartridge 7 in the device.
The digital camera used in the embodiment is a mobile phone digital camera, the pixels are 3200 ten thousand, and the format of the photographed picture is JPG. The fine aggregate is river sand and machine-made sand, the mica is mica extracted from the corresponding fine aggregate, the photo processing software is photoshop software, and the drawing and fitting tool is origin drawing software.
The method for measuring the mica content in the concrete fine aggregate by using the device comprises the following steps:
(1) And the mobile phone is stably placed at the digital camera position of the test support, the camera is aligned to the center position of the object placing table below, and the LED light sources at the two sides are turned on.
(2) Taking fine aggregate with mica content detected according to SL352-2006 mica content test standard as a test sample, drying the test sample in an oven at 105+/-5 ℃ to constant weight, cooling the test sample to room temperature, taking a certain amount of test sample to be placed in a sand bulk density test funnel, placing a sample box 7 under the funnel, opening the funnel, freely filling the test sample into the sample test box, and scraping the surface of the test sample by a steel ruler.
(3) And the test sample box is stably placed on the sample placing table, the distance between the digital camera and the surface of the sample is adjusted, the good imaging quality is ensured, and then photographing is carried out.
(4) Selecting test samples according to the mica content of 0% -N% (wherein N% is the maximum value of the mica content contained in the sand source plus 1%), taking a% (0.5% or 1%) as the change rate, and repeating the steps (2) and (3), wherein the test times of each sample are 5.
(5) And (3) processing the digital photo obtained in the step (4) by using Photoshop software, wherein in the embodiment, a round test box with the diameter of 10cm is used, and in order to avoid the influence of the memory size on the test result caused by the photo, the memory space size result obtained by obtaining the pure sample picture by adopting image processing software is the test result. The method specifically comprises the steps of intercepting the largest inscribed square in the center of a test box through Photoshop software, generating a new digital picture, numbering and storing the new digital picture in a corresponding position of a computer, intercepting the largest inscribed square picture by utilizing a Photoshop reference line tool to select corresponding points along the inner edge of a round test box in the processing process, recording the length of the intercepted largest square side, and ensuring that the pixel height h and the pixel width b of all pictures are correspondingly equal.
(6) Registering the memory size of each digital photo intercepted in the step (5), and obtaining a corresponding average value. If the difference between 1 average value and the memory space value of the 5 images is more than 5%, the maximum value and the minimum value are removed, and the average value of the rest 3 images is calculated as a final value; if there are more than 2 memory values differing from the average by more than 5%, the test results are invalid and resampling is required.
(7) And (3) carrying out drawing processing on the image memory size data obtained in the step (6) by adopting Origin software to obtain a change curve of mica content-image memory size.
(8) And (3) processing the sample to be tested with unknown mica content according to the steps (1) - (6) to obtain corresponding memory space values, and comparing the memory space values with the change curve in the step (7) to find out the corresponding mica content.
Experimental example 1: river sand is taken as a test sample, the mica content in the sample and the memory space size of a corresponding image are shown in table 1, and a change curve of mica content manufactured by Origin and the memory size of the image is shown in fig. 3. The memory space size of the sample image with unknown mica content is 1.533M, the mica content value corresponding to the check chart 3 is 4.3%, the detection result by using the SL352-2006 fine aggregate detection method is 4.2%, the absolute error is 0.1%, the relative error value is 2.3%, and the test result meets the engineering detection requirement.
TABLE 1 Hesha mica content Standard measurement test results
Experimental example 2: the machine-made sand is taken as a test sample, the mica content and the memory size of the corresponding image in the sample are shown in table 2, and the change curve of the mica content manufactured by Origin and the memory size of the image is shown in fig. 4. The memory size of the sample image with unknown mica content is 1.615M, the mica content value corresponding to the check chart 4 is 2.3%, the detection result obtained by using the SL352-2006 fine aggregate mica content detection method is 2.3%, the absolute error is 0%, the relative error value is 0%, and the test result meets the engineering detection requirement.
Table 2 machine-made sandy mica content Standard test results
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings and the embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various specific parameters in the above embodiments may be changed without departing from the spirit of the invention, and a plurality of specific embodiments are common variation ranges of the present invention, and will not be described in detail herein.
Claims (1)
1. A method for rapidly and quantitatively detecting mica in concrete fine aggregate is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprising
(1) The mobile phone is stably placed at the digital camera position of the test support, the camera is aligned to the center position of the placement table below, and the LED light sources at the two sides are turned on;
(2) Taking fine aggregate with mica content detected according to SL352-2006 mica content test standard as a test sample, drying the test sample in an oven at 105+/-5 ℃ to constant weight, cooling the test sample to room temperature, taking a certain amount of test sample to be placed in a sand bulk density test funnel, placing a sample box under the funnel, opening the funnel, freely filling the test sample into the sample box, and scraping the surface of the test sample by a steel ruler;
(3) The test sample box is stably placed on a sample placing table, the distance between the digital camera and the surface of the sample is adjusted, the good imaging quality is ensured, and then photographing is carried out;
(4) Selecting test samples according to the mica content of 0% -N%, wherein N% is the maximum value of the mica content contained in the sand source and is more than +1%, a% is the change rate, a% is 0.5% or 1%, and repeating the steps (2) and (3), wherein the test times of each sample are 5;
(5) Processing the digital photo obtained in the step (4) by using Photoshop software, using a circular test box with the diameter of 10cm, and obtaining a memory space value result obtained by obtaining a pure sample picture by adopting image processing software as a test result; intercepting the largest inscribed square in the center of the test box through Photoshop software, generating a new digital picture, numbering and storing the new digital picture in a corresponding position of a computer, and recording the side length of the intercepted largest square, wherein the pixel height h and the pixel width b of all the pictures are correspondingly equal;
(6) Registering the memory space value of each digital photo intercepted in the step (5), and obtaining a corresponding average value; if the difference between 1 of the obtained 5 images and the average value in the memory space values exceeds 5%, the maximum value and the minimum value are removed, and the average value of the rest 3 images is calculated as a final value; if the difference between the memory space values and the average value exceeds 5%, the measured result is invalid and the resampling test is needed;
(7) Carrying out drawing processing on the image memory space value data obtained in the step (6) by adopting Origin software to obtain a change curve of mica content-image memory space value;
(8) Processing the sample to be tested with unknown mica content according to steps (1) - (6) to obtain corresponding memory space values, and then comparing the memory space values with the change curve in step (7) to find out the corresponding mica content;
the detection device used in the detection method comprises a bracket fixed on a horizontal bottom plate, wherein two groups of brackets are vertically arranged relatively, a horizontal panel is fixed on the upper part of the bracket, a hole for accommodating a lens of a digital camera is arranged in the center of the horizontal panel, and a limit bar is arranged at the position of the horizontal panel where the digital camera is placed to restrict the position of the digital camera; a sample placing table is arranged below the hole of the horizontal panel, a sample box is placed on the sample placing table, and the sample box is opposite to the lens; the sample box is a round sample box with the diameter not smaller than 10cm, the depth of the sample box is not smaller than 2cm, and the total volume is not larger than 200cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Mounting 3W LED white light sources on two sides of a hole of a horizontal plane board for light supplementing; a light shielding plate is arranged on the edges of the horizontal plane plate and the bottom plate, and the sample box is sealed in the device; the pixel value of the digital camera is not lower than 2000 ten thousand.
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| JP2002014039A (en) * | 2000-04-24 | 2002-01-18 | Shibaura Institute Of Technology | Method and apparatus for measurement of percentage of moisture content of fine aggregate for concrete |
| CN102519886A (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2012-06-27 | 浙江大学 | Method for detecting contents of chlorophyll a and carotinoid in crop laminas |
| AT514106A1 (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2014-10-15 | Emco Test Prüfmaschinen Gmbh | Method for focusing contrasting image details |
| CN203786045U (en) * | 2014-02-11 | 2014-08-20 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Device for rapidly determining area content of mortar/aggregate in concrete slices |
| CN204286487U (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-04-22 | 中国铁道科学研究院铁道建筑研究所 | A kind of fine aggregate structural parameters device for quick testing |
| CN204788280U (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2015-11-18 | 山西省交通科学研究院 | Faller gill that gathers materials form assay system based on image processing techniques |
| CN206132638U (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2017-04-26 | 贵州省交通规划勘察设计研究院股份有限公司 | Mica assay system gathers materials |
| JP7014370B2 (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2022-02-01 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | Concrete evaluation control device, concrete evaluation control program |
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