CN111609958A - Device and method for measuring lightning stroke impact force and lightning fracture damage of carbon fiber laminated plate with common-mode interference suppression performance - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring lightning stroke impact force and lightning fracture damage of carbon fiber laminated plate with common-mode interference suppression performance Download PDFInfo
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- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/16—Measuring force or stress, in general using properties of piezoelectric devices
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring lightning stroke impact force and lightning rupture damage of a carbon fiber laminated plate with common-mode interference suppression performance, wherein the device transmits impact force acting on a tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate through lightning current pulses with controllable intensity to a piezoelectric sensing unit with a shielding shell through a lightning impact force transmission insulating column with a certain length and a certain section, so that the measurement of the impact force of the tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate can be free from the influence of strong lightning current electromagnetic interference; by adjusting the amplitude of the lightning current output by the lightning current generator with controllable intensity, a mathematical analysis formula between the lightning impact force born by the tested carbon fiber composite material laminated plate and the lightning current electrical parameter can be obtained; meanwhile, the response time characteristic of the lightning impact force can be obtained by changing the distance between the tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate and the piezoelectric sensor, and theoretical support is provided for the mechanism research of the lightning damage effect of the tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a technology for measuring the mechanical effect of lightning stroke on materials, relates to a method for measuring the effect of lightning stroke impact force on a carbon fiber composite material, and particularly relates to a device and a method for measuring the lightning stroke impact force and the lightning fracture damage of a carbon fiber laminated plate with common-mode interference suppression performance.
Background
The carbon fiber composite material has the characteristics of low density, high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance, chemical corrosion resistance and the like, and is widely applied to various fields of aerospace, military, civil industry and the like. With the increasing use of carbon fiber composites in aircraft, such as large aircraft structures, high intensity lightning strikes can cause severe damage to the carbon fiber composites such as fiber breakage, resin pyrolysis, deep delamination, and the like. Therefore, the lightning damage and protection of the carbon fiber composite material become technical problems which restrict the performance improvement and application of the carbon fiber composite material.
The direct effect of lightning on the airplane comprises the magnetic field force and the joule heat effect caused by large current and the impact force effect of lightning high-voltage shock waves. The SAE of the American society of mechanical Engineers, the MIL STD of the American military standard and the EUROCAE of the European civil aviation organization make detailed regulations on test waveforms and test methods of lightning direct effects of airplanes and parts thereof, and the damage caused by resin pyrolysis and carbon fiber sublimation under the condition of lightning thermal effect of the carbon fiber composite material is explained through experiments and simulation calculation research of the lightning damage of the carbon fiber composite material at present. But for the lightning strike adhesion process, whether the lightning strike force formed by the ionization of the channel gas due to high voltage is related to the fracture delamination damage of the carbon fibers? The current publications are not well defined. Meanwhile, the lightning damage calculated on the basis of the tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate modeled by the thermoelectric coupling can only reflect the lightning damage generated by joule heat injected by lightning current after the lightning strikes the attachment point, and cannot be represented due to other mechanical effects, such as lightning impact force before the attachment point, implosion impact force formed by resin pyrolysis gas of the tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate and the like; in addition, the patent ZL201510579759.4 discloses a method for lightning impact force of carbon fiber composite materials, but has the following problems:
(1) the clamping method of the tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate comprises the step of clamping up and down, namely lightning strike is injected from one surface of the tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate and flows out from the other plane of the tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate, and the lightning impact force measured by the clamping mode cannot completely represent the impact force when the actual large airplane structure is subjected to lightning.
(2) The carbon fiber laminated plate below is the metal flat plate electrode, set up the circular or square slotted hole of installation insulation board in flat plate electrode central authorities, set up the slotted hole of installation piezoelectric sensor in the central authorities of insulation board, the surface parallel and level of piezoelectric sensor and the surface of insulation board and with the carbon-fibre composite laminated plate in close contact with of being tried, but because in the experimental study, the weight of carbon fiber laminated plate is lighter for carbon fiber laminated plate is not fastening contact with impact force piezoelectric sensor's contact, it is great to cause the impact force dispersibility that measures, the thunder and lightning impact force of the thunderbolt to carbon fiber laminated plate of unable accurate representation.
(3) Because the lightning impulse force piezoelectric sensor is placed in a strong electromagnetic environment of lightning impulse of the carbon fiber laminated plate, strong electromagnetic interference exists in a signal of lightning impulse force extracted by the piezoelectric sensor, and large deviation of impulse force measurement is caused.
(4) In the action process of lightning stroke and the carbon fiber composite material, the instantaneous relation of lightning impact force to lightning current response time cannot be accurately given, and the research on the lightning damage mechanism of the lightning stroke and the carbon fiber composite material and the design of the carbon fiber lightning protection material and the protection structure are directly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides the device and the method for measuring the lightning stroke impact force and the lightning fracture damage of the carbon fiber laminated plate with the common-mode interference suppression performance, so that the relation rule between the lightning stroke impact force and the lightning damage of the tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate is obtained, and a foundation is laid for the research on the lightning damage mechanism of the carbon fiber composite material and the design of a lightning protection material and a protection structure.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical application:
the device for measuring the lightning stroke impact force and the lightning breakage damage of the carbon fiber laminated plate with the common-mode interference suppression performance comprises a controllable-strength lightning current generator, a piezoelectric sensing unit, a computer measurement and control and data management unit and an experimental clamp;
the experimental clamp comprises an insulating support, metal connecting strips or blocks on two sides and an insulating cover plate; the horizontal two ends of the carbon fiber composite material laminated plate are connected with the low-voltage end of the controllable strength lightning current generator through respective metal connecting strips or blocks on the two sides of the experiment clamp, and a lightning current measuring sensor is sleeved on an electrical connecting line of the metal connecting strips or blocks and the controllable strength lightning current generator;
the high-voltage end of the controllable-intensity lightning current generator is connected with a metal rod-shaped electrode arranged on an insulating cover plate in the experiment clamp, and the metal rod-shaped electrode is vertical to the upper surface of the tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate and is opposite to the center of the tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate at a certain distance;
the piezoelectric sensing unit comprises a metal shielding shell, a piezoelectric sensor and two BNC coaxial connectors; the piezoelectric sensor is arranged on an insulating plate fixed on the lower bottom surface of the metal shielding shell, the upper end of the lightning impact force transmission unit is tightly contacted with the center of the lower surface of the tested carbon fiber composite material laminated plate, and the lower end of the lightning impact force transmission unit penetrates through the metal shielding shell to be tightly contacted with the piezoelectric sensor; the two BNC coaxial connectors are arranged on one side of the piezoelectric sensor and are respectively and electrically connected with the upper electrode and the lower electrode of the piezoelectric sensor; the lightning impact force acting on the tested carbon fiber composite material laminated plate is transmitted to the computer measurement and control and data management unit through two BNC coaxial connectors through a piezoelectric signal formed between an upper electrode and a lower electrode of the piezoelectric sensor by the lightning impact force transmission unit;
the computer measurement and control and data management unit is used for monitoring and controlling the work of the controllable intensity lightning current generator, receiving a lightning current signal of the controllable intensity lightning current generator extracted by the lightning current measuring sensor and acting on the tested carbon fiber composite laminated board, and obtaining the lightning impact force formed by the lightning current impact detected by the piezoelectric sensing unit on the tested carbon fiber composite laminated board.
Furthermore, the controllable intensity lightning current generator comprises a controllable charging power supply, an energy storage capacitor, a discharge switch, a waveform forming component and a discharge voltage sensor.
Furthermore, the computer measurement and control and data management unit comprises a programmable control unit, an oscilloscope and an industrial control computer; the programmable control unit is used for controlling the work of the lightning current generator with controllable intensity; the oscilloscope is used for receiving lightning current signals output by the lightning current generator with controllable strength and extracted by the lightning current measuring sensor and receiving piezoelectric signals of the upper electrode and the lower electrode of the piezoelectric sensor output by the two BNC coaxial connectors, and the oscilloscope respectively transmits the collected and recorded lightning current and piezoelectric signals to the industrial control computer and analyzes, processes and outputs results of the lightning current signals and the lightning impact force signals.
Further, the distance between the metal rod-shaped electrode and the upper surface of the carbon fiber composite material laminated plate to be tested can be adjusted.
Further, the lightning impact force transmission unit is an insulating rod made of polytetrafluoroethylene, epoxy or nylon, and the cross section of the insulating rod is circular or square.
Further, the piezoelectric sensor is made of piezoelectric crystal, piezoelectric ceramic or piezoelectric film material, and the shell of the coaxial connector is mounted on the side surface of the metal shielding shell.
The method for measuring the lightning stroke impact force and the lightning breakage damage of the carbon fiber laminated plate with the common-mode interference suppression performance comprises the following steps that a computer measurement and control and data management unit controls a controllable-strength lightning current generator to carry out lightning current discharge on a tested carbon fiber laminated plate; the lightning current parameters acting on the carbon fiber composite laminated plate to be tested and lightning impact force formed by lightning strike are extracted through the lightning current measuring sensor and the piezoelectric sensor respectively and then are sent to the computer measurement and control and data management unit, rules between the lightning impact force borne by the carbon fiber composite laminated plate to be tested and the lightning current parameters flowing through the carbon fiber composite laminated plate to be tested are obtained through processing and analysis, the lightning fracture damage surface of the carbon fiber composite laminated plate to be tested under different lightning current amplitudes is obtained through C scanning, and the relation between the lightning impact force and the lightning fracture damage is obtained.
Further, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) connecting a controllable strength lightning current generator, a metal rod-shaped electrode, a tested carbon fiber composite material laminated plate, a lightning impact force transmission unit and a piezoelectric sensing unit together according to requirements;
(2) controlling the charging voltage at two ends of an energy storage capacitor of the controllable-strength lightning current generator through a programmable control unit of the computer measurement and control and data management unit, so that lightning current applied to the tested carbon fiber composite material laminated plate reaches different amplitudes;
(3) the industrial control computer receives a lightning current signal from a lightning current measuring sensor through an oscilloscope and simultaneously receives a piezoelectric output signal corresponding to lightning current electrical parameters from a piezoelectric sensor;
(4) the industrial control computer processes and analyzes the received signals to obtain a group of deformation or impact force borne by the tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate and lightning current electrical parameters acting on the tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate, and a mathematical analytic formula between the lightning impact force and the lightning current parameters of the tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate is obtained after the analysis and the processing of the industrial control computer;
(5) the lightning current of the controllable strength lightning current generator output different amplitudes is controlled by the computer measurement and control and data management unit to act on the carbon fiber composite laminated board to be tested, the lightning breaking damage of the carbon fiber composite laminated board to be tested under the action of different lightning currents is obtained by C scanning, the lightning breaking damage data of the lightning current electric parameters and the carbon fiber composite laminated board to be tested are analyzed, the lightning impact force response time characteristic parameters are obtained, and therefore the influence law of the lightning impact force on the carbon fiber composite lightning breaking damage is obtained.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention relates to a device and a method for measuring the lightning stroke impact force and the lightning rupture damage of a carbon fiber laminated plate with common-mode interference suppression performance, wherein the lightning stroke impact force of the lightning stroke on the carbon fiber laminated plate to be tested is transmitted to a piezoelectric sensor through an insulating column with a certain length and a certain end section, the piezoelectric sensor is arranged in a metal shielding shell with strong electromagnetic interference, and the signals of the upper electrode and the lower electrode of the piezoelectric sensor are respectively output to two channels of the oscilloscope through a BNC coaxial connector and a coaxial measuring cable with a shield, the lightning impact force of the lightning on the carbon fiber composite material is finally obtained through the difference operation of the two channels, the measuring method enables the lightning impulse force of the tested carbon fiber composite material laminated plate to be measured, the influence of common mode interference under strong lightning current electromagnetic environment can be obviously reduced, and the uncertainty of measurement of the lightning impulse force is greatly improved.
On the basis, by adjusting the amplitude of the lightning current output by the lightning current generator with controllable intensity, a mathematical analysis formula between the lightning impact force born by the tested carbon fiber composite material laminated plate and the lightning current electrical parameter can be obtained; by changing the lightning current intensity acting on the carbon fiber composite laminated board to be tested and measuring the lightning rupture damage of lightning to the carbon fiber composite laminated board to be tested by adopting C scanning, the relationship between the lightning impact force and the lightning rupture damage of the carbon fiber composite laminated board to be tested can be obtained, and meanwhile, by changing the distance between the carbon fiber composite laminated board to be tested and the piezoelectric sensor, namely structural parameters such as the length of the lightning impact force transmission insulating column, the response time characteristic of the lightning impact force can also be obtained, so that theoretical support is provided for the mechanism research of the lightning damage effect of the carbon fiber composite laminated board to be tested.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a device for measuring lightning strike impact force and lightning rupture damage of a carbon fiber laminated plate with common-mode interference suppression performance according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the experimental fixture of the present invention for clamping a test sample;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a piezoelectric sensing unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a controllable intensity lightning current generator according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the computer measurement and control and data management unit of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method for measuring lightning strike impact force and lightning break damage of a carbon fiber laminate with common mode interference rejection performance according to the present invention;
wherein: 1 is a controllable strength lightning current generator; 2, a tested carbon fiber composite material laminated plate; 3 is a piezoelectric sensing unit; 4 is a computer measurement and control and data management unit; 5 is an experiment clamp; 6 is an insulating cover plate; 7 is a metal rod-shaped electrode; 8 is a lightning impact force transmission unit; 9 is a metal shielding shell; 10 is a piezoelectric sensor; 11 is a BNC coaxial connector; 12 is a controllable charging power supply; 13 an energy storage capacitor; 14 is a discharge switch; 15 is a waveform forming element; 16 is a discharge voltage sensor; 17 is a metal connecting strip or block; 18 is a lightning current measuring sensor; 19 is a programmable control unit; 20 is an oscilloscope; and 21 is an industrial control computer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, which are not intended to limit the invention thereto.
Referring to fig. 1, the device for measuring lightning stroke impact force and carbon fiber lightning breakage damage with common mode interference suppression performance under strong electromagnetic interference comprises a controllable strength lightning current generator 1, a carbon fiber composite material laminated plate to be tested 2, a piezoelectric sensing unit 3 and a computer measurement and control and data management unit 4. The high-voltage end of the controllable-intensity lightning current generator 1 is connected with a metal rod-shaped electrode 7 arranged on an insulating cover plate 6 in an experimental clamp 5, the metal rod-shaped electrode 7 is perpendicular to the upper surface of the tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate 2 and is opposite to the center of the tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate 2, and a certain distance is reserved between the metal rod-shaped electrode 7 and the center and can be adjusted; the impact force of lightning current on the tested carbon fiber composite material laminated plate 2 is transmitted to the piezoelectric sensing unit 3 with extremely strong common-mode interference suppression performance by the lightning impact force transmission unit 8.
Referring to fig. 2, the experimental fixture 5 is composed of a U-shaped insulating support, metal connecting strips or blocks 17 on two sides, an insulating cover plate 6 and the like. The tested carbon fiber composite material laminated plate 2 is clamped by the two horizontal ends of the experiment clamp 5 and is connected with the low-voltage end of the controllable-intensity lightning current generator 1 through respective metal connecting strips or blocks 17 on the two sides of the experiment clamp 5, or the two ends of the experiment clamp 5 are firstly electrically connected with the metal connecting strips or blocks 17 and then are connected with the low-voltage end of the controllable-intensity lightning current generator 1, and a lightning current measuring sensor 18 is sleeved on an electrical connection line.
Referring to fig. 3, the piezoelectric sensing unit 3 is mainly composed of a metal shielding case 9, a piezoelectric sensor 10, and two BNC coaxial connectors 11. The piezoelectric sensor 10 is made of piezoelectric crystal, piezoelectric ceramic or piezoelectric film material, and is installed on an insulating plate fixed on the lower bottom surface of the metal shielding shell 9, and the insulating rod of the lightning impact force transmission unit 8 penetrates through the upper plane of the metal shielding shell 9 of the piezoelectric sensing unit 3 and a hole matched with the end section of the insulating rod, and is installed between the carbon fiber composite material laminate 2 to be tested and the piezoelectric sensor 10 of the piezoelectric sensing unit 3. The upper end of the lightning impact force transmission unit 8 is in close contact with the center of the bottom surface of the carbon fiber composite laminated plate 2 to be tested, and the lower end of the lightning impact force transmission unit 8 is in close contact with the piezoelectric sensor 10 of the lightning impact force sensing unit 3.
The lightning impact force acting on the tested carbon fiber composite material laminated plate 2 is respectively and electrically led out to core wires of two BNC coaxial connectors arranged on the side surface of the metal shielding shell 9 through piezoelectric signals formed between an upper electrode and a lower electrode of the piezoelectric sensor 10 by the lightning impact force transmission unit 8, the core wire signals of the two BNC coaxial connectors are transmitted to the computer measurement and control and data management unit 4 through coaxial connecting cables, and the shell of the coaxial connector 11 is directly arranged on the side surface of the metal shielding shell 9.
Referring to fig. 4, the controllable intensity lightning current generator 1 is composed of a controllable charging power supply 12, an energy storage capacitor 13, a discharge switch 14, a waveform forming element 15 and a discharge voltage sensor 16.
Referring to fig. 5, the computer measurement and control and computer management unit 4 is composed of a programmable control unit 19, an oscilloscope unit 20 and an industrial control computer unit 21, and its working principle is as follows:
(1) the work of the controllable strength lightning current generator 1 is monitored by a discharge voltage sensor 16 of a computer measurement and control and data management unit 4 and is controlled by a programmable control unit 19, the lightning current strength acting on the tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate 2 is detected by a lightning current measuring sensor 18, and the lightning impact force formed by the lightning current output by the controllable strength lightning current generator 1 on the tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate 2 is transmitted to the piezoelectric sensing unit 3 through a lightning impact force transmission unit 8;
(2) the lightning current and the impact force acting on the tested carbon fiber composite material laminated plate 2 are extracted by a lightning current measuring sensor and a piezoelectric sensor 10 respectively and then input into an oscilloscope 20, and the oscilloscope 20 transmits the acquisition result to an industrial control computer 21;
(3) the industrial control computer 21 processes and analyzes the received lightning current and impact force signals acting on the carbon fiber composite material laminate 2 to obtain the relationship between the lightning impact force borne by the carbon fiber composite material laminate 2;
referring to fig. 6, the control process of the method for measuring lightning stroke impact force and carbon fiber lightning rupture damage with common-mode interference suppression performance under electromagnetic interference of the invention is as follows:
the computer measurement and control and data management unit 4 controls the magnitude of the charging voltage of the energy storage capacitor 13 by the adjustable charging power supply 12 of the controllable-intensity lightning current generator 1 through controlling the programmable control unit 19; when the discharge voltage sensor 16 monitors that the charge voltage rises to a preset value, the computer measurement and control and data management unit 4 controls the programmable logic control unit 19 to close the discharge switch 14, and the energy storage capacitor 13 discharges lightning current to the carbon fiber composite material laminated plate 2 to be tested through the discharge switch 14 and the waveform forming component 15.
The specific control and measurement procedures are as follows:
(1) and connecting the controllable strength lightning current generator 1, the metal rod-shaped electrode 7, the carbon fiber composite material laminated plate 2 to be tested, the lightning impact force transmission unit 8 and the piezoelectric sensing unit 3 into a loop shown in the figure 1.
(2) And inputting the lightning current intensity or the discharge voltage value on a computer human-computer interaction display interface.
(3) And the computer measurement and control and data management unit 4 controls the charging voltage at two ends of the energy storage capacitor 12 of the lightning current generator 1 with controllable intensity through the programmable control unit 19, so that the lightning current applied to the carbon fiber composite material laminated plate 2 to be tested reaches different amplitudes.
(4) The lightning current signal from the lightning current measuring sensor 18 is received by the industrial control computer 21 through the oscilloscope 20, and meanwhile, the industrial control computer 21 can also receive the piezoelectric output signal corresponding to the lightning current electrical parameter from the piezoelectric sensor 10.
(5) The industrial control computer 21 processes and analyzes the received signals to obtain a set of deformation or impact force borne by the carbon fiber composite laminate 2 to be tested and lightning current electrical parameters (the amplitude of lightning current is one of the main parameters) acting on the carbon fiber composite laminate 2 to be tested, and then the mathematical analytic expression between the lightning impact force and the lightning current parameters of the carbon fiber composite laminate to be tested can be obtained through the analysis and processing of the special software of the industrial control computer 21.
(6) And similarly, the process of the process (1-5) is also suitable for researching the relationship between the lightning impact force and the lightning fracture damage of the carbon fiber composite laminated plate to be tested: the computer observes and controls the lightning current of the different amplitudes of controllable intensity lightning current generator 1 output with data management unit 4, with the 2 effects of carbon-fibre composite material of being tried, adopt C scanning to obtain the thunder and lightning rupture damage of 2 carbon-fibre composite material of being tried under the different lightning current effects, carry out the analysis to the thunder and lightning rupture damage data of thunder and lightning galvanic electricity parameter and carbon-fibre composite material of being tried laminate, the experiment of thunder and lightning impact force response time characteristic parameter with acquire, obtain the influence law of thunder and lightning impact force to carbon-fibre composite material thunder and lightning rupture damage from this.
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. Carbon fiber laminate thunderbolt impact force and thunder and lightning rupture damage's measuring device with common mode interference rejection performance, its characterized in that: the lightning protection device comprises a controllable strength lightning current generator (1), a piezoelectric sensing unit (3), a computer measurement and control and data management unit (4) and an experimental clamp (5);
the experimental clamp (5) comprises an insulating support, metal connecting strips or blocks (17) on two sides and an insulating cover plate (6); the carbon fiber composite material laminated plate (2) to be tested is clamped by two horizontal ends of an experimental clamp (5), an insulating cover plate (6) is arranged above the carbon fiber composite material laminated plate (2) to be tested, the two horizontal ends of the carbon fiber composite material laminated plate (2) to be tested are connected with the low-voltage end of the controllable-intensity lightning current generator (1) through respective metal connecting strips or blocks (17) on two sides of the experimental clamp (5), and a lightning current measuring sensor (18) is sleeved on an electric connecting line of the metal connecting strips or blocks (17) and the controllable-intensity lightning current generator (1);
the high-voltage end of the lightning current generator (1) with controllable intensity is connected with a metal rod-shaped electrode (7) arranged on an insulating cover plate (6) in an experimental clamp (5), and the metal rod-shaped electrode (7) is vertical to the upper surface of the carbon fiber composite material laminate (2) to be tested and is opposite to the center of the carbon fiber composite material laminate (2) to be tested at a certain distance;
the piezoelectric sensing unit (3) comprises a metal shielding shell (9), a piezoelectric sensor (10) and two BNC coaxial connectors (11); the piezoelectric sensor (10) is arranged on an insulating plate fixed on the lower bottom surface of the metal shielding shell (9), the upper end of the lightning impact force transmission unit (8) is tightly contacted with the center of the lower surface of the tested carbon fiber composite material laminated plate (2), and the lower end of the lightning impact force transmission unit penetrates through the metal shielding shell (9) to be tightly contacted with the piezoelectric sensor (10); the two BNC coaxial connectors (11) are arranged on one side of the piezoelectric sensor (10) and are respectively and electrically connected with the upper electrode and the lower electrode of the piezoelectric sensor (10); the lightning impact force acting on the tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate (2) is transmitted to the computer measurement and control and data management unit (4) through two BNC coaxial connectors by a piezoelectric signal formed between an upper electrode and a lower electrode of the piezoelectric sensor (10) through the lightning impact force transmission unit (8);
the computer measurement and control and data management unit (4) is used for monitoring and controlling the work of the controllable intensity lightning current generator (1), receiving lightning current signals of the controllable intensity lightning current generator (1) extracted by the lightning current measuring sensor (18) and acting on the tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate (2), and obtaining lightning impact force formed by lightning current impact detected by the piezoelectric sensing unit (3) on the tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate (2).
2. The apparatus for measuring lightning strike impact force and lightning break damage of a carbon fiber laminate with common mode interference rejection performance according to claim 1, wherein: the controllable intensity lightning current generator (1) comprises a controllable charging power supply (12), an energy storage capacitor (13), a discharge switch (14), a waveform forming component (15) and a discharge voltage sensor (16).
3. The apparatus for measuring lightning strike impact force and lightning break damage of a carbon fiber laminate with common mode interference rejection performance according to claim 1, wherein: the computer measurement and control and data management unit (4) comprises a programmable control unit (19), an oscilloscope (20) and an industrial control computer (21); the programmable control unit (19) is used for controlling the operation of the controllable intensity lightning current generator; the oscilloscope (20) is used for receiving lightning current signals which are extracted by the lightning current measuring sensor (18) and output by the lightning current generator (1) with controllable intensity, receiving piezoelectric signals of an upper electrode and a lower electrode of the piezoelectric sensor (10) which are output by the two BNC coaxial connectors (11), and respectively transmitting the collected and recorded lightning current and piezoelectric signals to the industrial control computer (21) by the oscilloscope (20) and analyzing, processing and outputting results of the lightning current signals and lightning impact force signals.
4. The apparatus for measuring lightning strike impact force and lightning break damage of a carbon fiber laminate with common mode interference rejection performance according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the distance between the metal rod-shaped electrode (7) and the upper surface of the tested carbon fiber composite material laminated plate (2) can be adjusted.
5. The apparatus for measuring lightning strike impact force and lightning break damage of a carbon fiber laminate with common mode interference rejection performance according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the lightning impact force transmission unit (8) is an insulating rod made of polytetrafluoroethylene, epoxy or nylon, and the cross section of the insulating rod is circular or square.
6. The apparatus for measuring lightning strike impact force and lightning break damage of a carbon fiber laminate with common mode interference rejection performance according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the piezoelectric sensor (10) is made of piezoelectric crystals, piezoelectric ceramics or piezoelectric film materials, and the shell of the coaxial connector (11) is arranged on the side face of the metal shielding shell (9).
7. The method for measuring the lightning strike impact force and the lightning break damage of the carbon fiber laminated plate with the common-mode interference suppression performance based on the measuring device of the claims 1-6 is characterized in that: the computer measurement and control and data management unit (4) controls the lightning current generator (1) with controllable intensity to perform lightning current discharge on the carbon fiber composite material laminated plate (2) to be tested; lightning current parameters acting on the carbon fiber composite laminated plate to be tested (2) and lightning impact force formed by lightning strike are extracted by a lightning current measuring sensor (18) and a piezoelectric sensor (10) respectively and then are sent to a computer measurement and control and data management unit (4), rules between the lightning impact force born by the carbon fiber composite laminated plate to be tested (2) and lightning current parameters flowing through are obtained through processing and analyzing, and the lightning fracture damage surface of the carbon fiber composite laminated plate to be tested under different lightning current amplitudes is obtained through C scanning, so that the relation between the lightning impact force and the lightning fracture damage is obtained.
8. The method for measuring the lightning strike impact force and the lightning rupture damage of the carbon fiber laminated plate with the common-mode interference suppression performance according to claim 7 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) connecting a controllable strength lightning current generator (1), a metal rod-shaped electrode (7), a tested carbon fiber composite material laminated plate (2), a lightning impact force transmission unit (8) and a piezoelectric sensing unit (3) together according to requirements;
(2) controlling the charging voltage at two ends of an energy storage capacitor (12) of the lightning current generator (1) with controllable intensity through a programmable control unit (19) of a computer measurement and control and data management unit (4), so that the lightning current applied to the tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate (2) reaches different amplitudes;
(3) the industrial control computer (21) receives a lightning current signal from the lightning current measuring sensor (18) through the oscilloscope (20), and simultaneously receives a piezoelectric output signal corresponding to a lightning current electrical parameter from the piezoelectric sensor (10);
(4) the industrial control computer (21) processes and analyzes the received signals to obtain a group of deformation or impact force borne by the tested carbon fiber composite material laminated plate (2) and lightning current electrical parameters acting on the tested carbon fiber composite material laminated plate (2), and a mathematical analytic formula between the lightning impact force and the lightning current parameters of the tested carbon fiber composite material laminated plate is obtained by analyzing and processing the deformation or impact force and the lightning current electrical parameters by the industrial control computer (21);
(5) the lightning current of the controllable strength lightning current generator (1) output different amplitudes is controlled by the computer measurement and control and data management unit (4) to act on the tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate (2), the lightning breakage damage of the tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate (2) under the action of different lightning currents is obtained by C scanning, the lightning breakage damage data of the lightning current electric parameters and the tested carbon fiber composite laminated plate are analyzed, the lightning impact force response time characteristic parameters are obtained, and therefore the influence law of the lightning impact force on the carbon fiber composite material lightning breakage damage is obtained.
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