CN111609712A - High-temperature crude tin cooling device and method for efficient and energy-saving tin smelting furnace - Google Patents
High-temperature crude tin cooling device and method for efficient and energy-saving tin smelting furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN111609712A CN111609712A CN202010582200.8A CN202010582200A CN111609712A CN 111609712 A CN111609712 A CN 111609712A CN 202010582200 A CN202010582200 A CN 202010582200A CN 111609712 A CN111609712 A CN 111609712A
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- water
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- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- CKHUMILJZKSHJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethane;tin Chemical compound CC[Sn] CKHUMILJZKSHJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- CSHCPECZJIEGJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltin Chemical compound [Sn]C CSHCPECZJIEGJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101100298225 Caenorhabditis elegans pot-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009856 non-ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/0806—Charging or discharging devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B25/00—Obtaining tin
- C22B25/02—Obtaining tin by dry processes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D15/00—Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
- F27D15/02—Cooling
- F27D15/0206—Cooling with means to convey the charge
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/0806—Charging or discharging devices
- F27B2014/0818—Discharging
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B2014/0837—Cooling arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
- F27D2017/006—Systems for reclaiming waste heat using a boiler
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature crude tin cooling device and a high-temperature crude tin cooling method for a high-efficiency and energy-saving tin smelting furnace, wherein the device is a rapid cooling chute arranged between a crude tin discharge port of the smelting furnace and a tin receiving pot, and is an arc-shaped tin-plated chute made of boiler steel; a boiler steel water inlet header, a boiler steel heat exchange tube bundle and a boiler steel steam-water mixture header are sequentially welded at the bottom of the rapid cooling chute along the radian of the rapid cooling chute; the water inlet header and the steam-water mixture header are communicated through a heat exchange tube bundle; the water inlet header is provided with a water inlet, and the steam-water mixture header is provided with a steam-water mixture outlet; the water inlet, the water inlet pump and the make-up water are sequentially connected, the steam-water mixture outlet is communicated with the steam-water separator, and the water inlet pump is communicated with the steam-water separator; the top of the steam-water separator is provided with a steam discharge pipeline, and a water inlet is provided with a valve. The invention can shorten the operation time, improve the work efficiency, avoid generating a large amount of dust and water vapor containing harmful elements such as arsenic and the like, and has obvious safety and environmental protection effects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of non-ferrous metallurgy, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency and energy-saving high-temperature crude tin cooling device and method for a tin smelting furnace.
Background
The temperature of the crude tin smelted by the smelting furnace of tin is generally above 1000 ℃, and the components of the crude tin include lead, arsenic, iron, copper, antimony, lead, bismuth, gold, silver, indium and the like besides tin.
The traditional operation method comprises the steps of enabling high-temperature crude tin to flow into a tin receiving pot through a heat-preservation chute made of refractory materials, pouring cold water on the surface of high-temperature liquid crude tin with the temperature of more than 1000 ℃ in the tin receiving pot for cooling, enabling the temperature of the high-temperature crude tin to be reduced to about 500 ℃, enabling the crude tin with high impurities such as arsenic, iron and the like to form ethyl tin to float on crude methyl tin with high tin content, fishing out the ethyl tin, and pumping and transferring the crude methyl tin with the temperature of about 500 ℃ to a refining system for refining through a tin pump.
In the operation process, in order to accelerate the cooling speed of the crude tin, a large amount of cold water is required to be sprayed into the tin receiving pot for cooling. Cold water is in direct contact with the high-temperature crude tin, a large amount of dust and water vapor containing harmful elements such as arsenic can be generated, the risk of explosion caused by direct contact with water of the high-temperature crude tin exists, and the problems of environmental protection and safety are obvious. Meanwhile, the cooling process is slow, the operation time is long, and the work efficiency is low. The poured water is directly changed into steam containing dust, dust collection and other treatment are needed, heat in the crude tin is wasted in a whitish mode, and energy consumption of tin smelting is increased. Meanwhile, the temperature of the high-temperature crude tin directly flowing into the tin receiving pot is over 1000 ℃, the requirement on the material of the tin receiving pot is high, some tin receiving pots even need to be lined with temperature-resistant materials, the high-temperature tin receiving pot is difficult to avoid being damaged by high temperature, the service life of the tin receiving pot is short, frequent maintenance is needed, the left and right production cost is increased, and the work efficiency is further reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a high-temperature crude tin cooling device and method for a high-efficiency and energy-saving tin smelting furnace.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a high-temperature crude tin cooling device of a high-efficiency energy-saving tin smelting furnace is a rapid cooling chute arranged between a crude tin discharge port of the smelting furnace and a tin receiving pot; the rapid cooling chute is an arc-groove-shaped tin plating chute made of boiler steel, a water inlet header made of the boiler steel, a heat exchange tube bundle made of the boiler steel and a steam-water mixture header made of the boiler steel are sequentially welded along the radian of the rapid cooling chute from one end close to a tin receiving pot to one end close to a crude tin discharge port of a smelting furnace at the bottom of the rapid cooling chute, and the water inlet header and the steam-water mixture header are communicated through the heat exchange tube bundle; the water inlet header is provided with a water inlet, and the steam-water mixture header is provided with a steam-water mixture outlet; the water inlet, the water inlet pump and the make-up water are sequentially connected, the steam-water mixture outlet is communicated with the steam-water separator, and the water inlet pump is communicated with the steam-water separator; the top of the steam-water separator is provided with a steam discharge pipeline, and a water inlet is provided with a valve.
Preferably, the length of the rapid cooling chute is 3m-9m, and the inclination angle is 5-15 degrees.
Preferably, the water used in the apparatus is demineralized water.
The invention also discloses a high-temperature crude tin cooling method of the high-efficiency energy-saving tin smelting furnace, which comprises the following steps:
1) opening a valve and a water inlet pump at a water inlet of the rapid cooling chute to enable the water inlet header and the heat exchange tube bundle to be filled with softened cooling water;
2) opening a smelting furnace crude tin discharge port to discharge high-temperature crude tin, wherein the high-temperature crude tin flows along a rapid cooling chute and rapidly exchanges heat with softened cooling water on a water inlet header and a heat exchange tube bundle;
3) softened cooling water absorbs a large amount of heat in the high-temperature crude tin in the heat exchange tube bundle, is vaporized into steam and enters a steam-water mixture header along with water flow;
4) the steam-water mixture enters the steam-water separator from the steam-water mixture outlet for steam-water separation, steam is discharged to a steam using end for use through a steam discharging pipeline arranged at the top of the steam-water separator, and water circulates to the water inlet pump and is recycled together with make-up water through the water inlet.
The invention can reduce the temperature of the high-temperature crude tin to 500 ℃ by controlling the length and the inclination angle of the rapid cooling chute.
The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
1) the invention can reduce the temperature of high-temperature liquid crude tin with the temperature of more than 1000 ℃ to about 500 ℃ when the high-temperature liquid crude tin flows into a tin receiving pot, can directly carry out the operations of fishing out tin-B and transferring tin-A without spraying water on the surface of the high-temperature liquid crude tin for cooling, shortens the operation time, improves the work efficiency, and simultaneously avoids directly pouring a large amount of water on the surface of the crude tin for cooling, thereby avoiding generating a large amount of dust and vapor containing harmful elements such as arsenic and the like, also preventing the risk of the high-temperature crude tin directly encountering water for explosion, and having obvious safety and environmental protection effects;
2) a large amount of heat in the high-temperature crude tin is efficiently recovered in the process of flowing through the rapid cooling chute, and is converted into clean steam for a heating system to use, so that the heat utilization rate is greatly improved, and the energy-saving effect is obvious;
3) the temperature of the high-temperature liquid crude tin discharged by the smelting furnace and having the temperature of over 1000 ℃ is reduced to about 500 ℃ when the high-temperature liquid crude tin flows into the tin receiving pot, so that the damage of the high temperature to the tin receiving pot is reduced, the service life of the tin receiving pot is prolonged, and the maintenance cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic connection diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the rapid cooling chute of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-rapid cooling chute, 2-tin receiving pot, 3-smelting furnace crude tin discharge port, 4-steam-water separator, 5-water inlet pump, 6-water inlet, 7-water inlet header, 8-heat exchange tube bundle, 9-steam-water mixture header, 10-steam-water mixture outlet and 11-crude tin.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the invention only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. The specific techniques, connections, conditions, or the like, which are not specified in the examples, are performed according to the techniques, connections, conditions, or the like described in the literature in the art or according to the product specification. The materials, instruments or equipment are not indicated by manufacturers, and all the materials, instruments or equipment are conventional products which can be obtained by purchasing.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the high-temperature crude tin cooling device of the tin smelting furnace with high efficiency and energy saving is a rapid cooling chute 1 arranged between a crude tin discharge port 3 of the smelting furnace and a tin receiving pot 2; the rapid cooling chute 1 is an arc-groove-shaped tin-plated chute made of boiler steel, a water inlet header 7 made of boiler steel, a heat exchange tube bundle 8 made of boiler steel and a steam-water mixture header 9 made of boiler steel are sequentially welded along the radian of the rapid cooling chute 1 from one end (low end) close to a tin-receiving boiler 2 to one end (high end) close to a crude tin discharge port 3 of a smelting furnace, and the water inlet header 7 and the steam-water mixture header 9 are communicated through the heat exchange tube bundle 8; the water inlet header 7 is provided with a water inlet 6, and the steam-water mixture header 9 is provided with a steam-water mixture outlet 10; the water inlet 6, the water inlet pump 5 and the make-up water are sequentially connected, the steam-water mixture outlet 10 is communicated with the steam-water separator 4, and the water inlet pump 5 is communicated with the steam-water separator 4 to form a cycle; a steam discharging pipeline is arranged at the top of the steam-water separator 4, and a valve is arranged at the water inlet 6; the water inlet pump 5 adopts a hot water circulating pump. The water used in the device is softened water, so that the device can be prevented from scaling.
Further, the length of the rapid cooling chute 1 is 3m-9m, the inclination angle is 5-15 degrees, the flow speed and the residence time of the high-temperature crude tin in the rapid cooling chute 1 are controlled through the design of the length and the inclination angle of the rapid cooling chute 1, and the temperature of the high-temperature crude tin is reduced to 500 ℃. The combination of chute length and inclination angle commonly used in the present invention is: the length is 3m, the inclination angle is 5 degrees, the length is 6m, the inclination angle is 10 degrees, the length is 9m, the inclination angle is 15 degrees, and the like.
The invention also discloses a method for cooling the high-temperature crude tin by using the cooling device, which comprises the following steps:
1) opening a valve and a water inlet pump 5 at a water inlet 6 of the rapid cooling chute 1 to fill softened cooling water into a water inlet header 7 and a heat exchange tube bundle 8;
2) opening a smelting furnace crude tin discharge port 3 to discharge high-temperature crude tin, wherein the high-temperature crude tin flows along a rapid cooling chute 1 and rapidly exchanges heat with softened cooling water on a water inlet header 7 and a heat exchange tube bundle 8;
3) the softened cooling water absorbs a large amount of heat in the high-temperature crude tin in the heat exchange tube bundle 8, is vaporized into steam and enters the steam-water mixture header 9 along with water flow;
4) the steam-water mixture enters the steam-water separator 4 from the steam-water mixture outlet 10 for steam-water separation, steam is discharged to a steam using end for use through a steam discharge pipeline arranged at the top of the steam-water separator 4, and water circulates to the water inlet pump 5 and is recycled together with make-up water through the water inlet 6.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, therefore, the present invention is not limited by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a thick tin heat sink of high-efficient energy-conserving tin smelting furnace high temperature which characterized in that: the device is a rapid cooling chute (1) arranged between a crude tin discharge port (3) of the smelting furnace and a tin receiving pot (2); the rapid cooling chute (1) is an arc-groove-shaped tin-plated chute made of boiler steel, a water inlet header made of boiler steel (7), a heat exchange tube bundle made of boiler steel (8) and a steam-water mixture header made of boiler steel (9) are sequentially welded along the radian of the rapid cooling chute (1) from one end close to a tin receiving pot (2) to one end close to a crude tin discharge port (3) of a smelting furnace, and the water inlet header (7) is communicated with the steam-water mixture header (9) through the heat exchange tube bundle (8); a water inlet (6) is arranged on the water inlet header (7), and a steam-water mixture outlet (10) is arranged on the steam-water mixture header (9); the water inlet (6), the water inlet pump (5) and the make-up water are sequentially connected, the steam-water mixture outlet (10) is communicated with the steam-water separator (4), and the water inlet pump (5) is communicated with the steam-water separator (4); a steam discharging pipeline is arranged at the top of the steam-water separator (4), and a valve is arranged at the water inlet (6).
2. The high-temperature crude tin cooling device for the efficient and energy-saving tin smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length of the rapid cooling chute (1) is 3m-9m, and the inclination angle is 5-15 degrees.
3. The high-temperature crude tin cooling device for the efficient and energy-saving tin smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water used in the device is demineralized water.
4. A method of using a cooling device according to any of claims 1-3, characterized by the steps of:
1) opening a valve and a water inlet pump (5) at a water inlet (6) of the rapid cooling chute (1) to fill softened cooling water into a water inlet header (7) and a heat exchange tube bundle (8);
2) opening a smelting furnace crude tin discharge port (3) to discharge high-temperature crude tin, wherein the high-temperature crude tin flows along a rapid cooling chute (1) and rapidly exchanges heat with softened cooling water on a water inlet header (7) and a heat exchange tube bundle (8);
3) softened cooling water absorbs a large amount of heat in the high-temperature crude tin in the heat exchange tube bundle (8), is vaporized into steam and enters a steam-water mixture header (9) along with water flow;
4) the steam-water mixture enters the steam-water separator (4) from the steam-water mixture outlet (10) for steam-water separation, steam is discharged to a steam using end for use through a steam discharging pipeline arranged at the top of the steam-water separator (4), and water circulates to the water inlet pump (5) and is recycled together with the supplementing water through the water inlet (6).
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: the temperature of the high-temperature crude tin can be reduced to 500 ℃ by controlling the length and the inclination angle of the rapid cooling chute (1).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010582200.8A CN111609712A (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | High-temperature crude tin cooling device and method for efficient and energy-saving tin smelting furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN202010582200.8A CN111609712A (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | High-temperature crude tin cooling device and method for efficient and energy-saving tin smelting furnace |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN111609712A true CN111609712A (en) | 2020-09-01 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN202010582200.8A Withdrawn CN111609712A (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | High-temperature crude tin cooling device and method for efficient and energy-saving tin smelting furnace |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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CN (1) | CN111609712A (en) |
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2020
- 2020-06-23 CN CN202010582200.8A patent/CN111609712A/en not_active Withdrawn
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