CN111609019B - Automobile locknut and processing technology thereof - Google Patents
Automobile locknut and processing technology thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111609019B CN111609019B CN202010493689.1A CN202010493689A CN111609019B CN 111609019 B CN111609019 B CN 111609019B CN 202010493689 A CN202010493689 A CN 202010493689A CN 111609019 B CN111609019 B CN 111609019B
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 105
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N Inositol-hexakisphosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]1[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phytic acid Natural products OP(O)(=O)OC1C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium metasilicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052912 lithium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
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- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/02—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down
- F16B39/12—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down by means of locknuts
- F16B39/126—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down by means of locknuts causing radial forces on the bolt-shaft
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
- B22C9/24—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings for hollow articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/60—Aqueous agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/34—Anodisation of metals or alloys not provided for in groups C25D11/04 - C25D11/32
Abstract
The invention discloses an automobile locknut and a processing technology thereof, which have the characteristics of good locknut effect and easy disassembly, have high efficiency and environmental protection, and can meet the required performance requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuts, and particularly relates to an automobile locknut and a processing technology thereof.
Background
The automobile anti-loose nut is a common fastener in an automobile, and in order to avoid the phenomena of loosening and fastening failure of a screw and a nut in the using process, the anti-loose function of the screw and the nut is greatly improved in the industry; the traditional anti-loose measures of the anti-loose nut are divided into two types, one type is that an auxiliary washer such as a spring washer, an anti-loose washer and the like is adopted, the effect of the method is not obvious, and especially the anti-loose is not reliable under the working condition of severe vibration; the other type is to endow the nut with the self anti-loosening function, so that various anti-loosening nuts appear, and the anti-loosening capacity of the anti-loosening nuts is enhanced by adopting two methods, namely, the structure of the nut is changed, and the thread form of the nut is changed; although the anti-loosening capability of the anti-loosening nuts is enhanced, the effect is not obvious enough, and part of the anti-loosening nuts play an anti-loosening role in a mode of destroying thread shapes after being screwed, and although the anti-loosening effect is good, the anti-loosening nuts are difficult to disassemble; therefore, the design is improved aiming at the defects of the existing locknut, and a new process and corresponding equipment are adopted, so that the locknut can meet the required performance requirements, and the processing process is efficient and environment-friendly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automobile locknut and a processing technology thereof, which have the characteristics of good locking effect and easiness in disassembly, and the processing technology is efficient and environment-friendly and can meet the required performance requirements.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the utility model provides an automobile locknut, including inlayer nut and outer nut, the center of inlayer nut is equipped with first internal thread hole, the inlayer nut is cylindricly, one of outer nut serves and is equipped with the cavity, the inlayer nut is installed in the cavity, be equipped with second internal thread hole on the other end of outer nut, the internal diameter in first internal thread hole is the same with the internal diameter in second internal thread hole, still be equipped with the clearance compensation subassembly in the cavity, the clearance compensation subassembly includes metal casing and inflation rubber, metal casing is including arranging the first main part between inlayer nut and the outer nut are radial and arranging the second main part between inlayer nut and the outer nut axial in, first main part and second main part communicate each other and form and hold the chamber, the appearance structure of inflation rubber is the same with holding the chamber structure and install in holding the chamber, the one end of keeping away from second internal thread hole on the metal.
The invention is further configured to: one of the inner nut close to the second internal threaded hole is provided with a plurality of notches, and the notches penetrate through the inner wall and the outer wall of the inner nut.
The invention is further configured to: and a screwing groove is also formed in the peripheral wall of one end, away from the second internal thread hole, of the outer-layer nut.
The invention is further configured to: the inner wall of the cavity is welded with a tin layer, and the melting point temperature of the tin layer is 70-80 ℃.
Through the setting of clearance compensation subassembly for play the expanding effect through the mode of absorbing water or oil, make the nut can play good locking effect, and when needing to dismantle, through heating melting tin layer, produce the clearance, can reach the effect of light dismantlement.
A processing technology of an automobile locknut comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing materials: the inner-layer nut and the outer-layer nut are made of the following materials in percentage by mass:
c: 1.0-1.5%, Si: 1.0-2.0%, Cr: 1-1.3%, Cu: 1.0 to 1.5%, Mn: 0.3-0.5%, Ni: 0.5-1.0%, Mo: 0.2-0.5%, Ti 0.8-0.12%, Nb: 0.1-0.3%, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities;
secondly, casting: injecting the melted raw materials into a forming die for casting at the casting temperature of 1400 ℃ and 1450 ℃, and then cooling and demoulding to form a blank;
thirdly, heat treatment: putting the blank into a heating furnace for heating treatment, and firstly, putting the blank into the furnace at the temperature of 200-; secondly, placing the mixture into a furnace with the temperature of 400-450 ℃, and preserving heat for 1 hour; thirdly, placing the mixture into a furnace temperature of 600-650 ℃, and preserving heat for 1 hour; then quenching treatment is carried out, and the quenching agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3% and potassium nitrate: 5%, potassium hydroxide: 5 percent of water and the balance of water; after cleaning, tempering the blank, keeping the temperature at the tempering temperature of 250-280 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2-3 hours, and air cooling;
fourthly, fine machining: tapping and performing finish machining on the external dimension to obtain an inner nut and an outer nut;
fifthly, rust prevention treatment: carrying out anodic oxidation treatment on the inner-layer nut and the outer-layer nut, cleaning, immersing the inner-layer nut and the outer-layer nut into a sealant solution for 5-8 minutes, and then drying;
sixthly, tin plating treatment: and spraying tin alloy liquid on the inner wall of the cavity of the outer-layer nut, solidifying to form a tin layer with the thickness of 0.5-2mm, polishing the inner wall of the tin layer, and then filling a clearance compensation assembly, wherein the clearance compensation assembly is in transition fit or interference fit with the tin layer.
The invention is further configured to: in the third step, the heating furnace adopts a temperature automatic control heating furnace, the temperature automatic control heating furnace comprises a furnace body and an air supply system, a chimney is arranged at the top of the furnace body, a plurality of air-permeable partition plates are arranged in the furnace body, the furnace body is divided into a first heating cavity, a second heating cavity, a third heating cavity and a fourth heating cavity by the air-permeable partition plates from top to bottom, furnace doors are all arranged on the first heating cavity, the second heating cavity, the third heating cavity and the fourth heating cavity, an air supply spray head communicated with the air supply system is arranged at the bottom of the fourth heating cavity, and in the heating process, the material blank is sequentially sent into the first heating cavity, the second heating cavity, the third heating cavity and the;
the invention is further configured to: the gas supply system comprises a gas storage tank, a gas supply branch, an air storage tank, an air supply branch and a microcontroller for controlling the states of the gas supply branch and the air supply branch, the gas supply branch comprises a first pressure regulating unit and a first gas supply unit which are sequentially arranged, the first pressure regulating unit comprises a first throttle valve which is sequentially connected in series, the air supply branch comprises a second pressure regulating unit and a second air supply unit which are sequentially arranged in series, the second pressure regulating unit comprises a second throttle valve, a second pressure regulating valve and a third on-off valve which are sequentially arranged in series, the second air supply unit comprises a second proportional solenoid valve, a second air flow meter and a fourth on-off valve which are sequentially arranged in series, and the air outlet ends of the second on-off valve and the fourth on-off valve are communicated with the air supply sprayer.
The invention is further configured to: still be equipped with first gas storage jar between first gas flowmeter and the second on-off valve, still be equipped with the second gas storage jar between second gas flowmeter and the fourth on-off valve, first gas storage jar and second gas storage jar all include the cylinder body, are used for separating into the piston that has the pole chamber and no pole chamber with the cylinder body, are equipped with inlet port and venthole on the no pole chamber, have the pole intracavity to be equipped with reset spring.
The invention is further configured to: the air feed shower nozzle is including the air feed valve and the air supply pipe that are connected, the air feed valve is including the input part of establishing in proper order in series, the hybrid chamber, the input part includes two input channel, two input channel communicate with the end of giving vent to anger of second break valve and fourth break valve respectively, two input channel's end and hybrid chamber intercommunication, be equipped with check valve and fifth break valve between hybrid chamber and the air supply pipe, all be equipped with the impeller subassembly in two transfer passage, the impeller subassembly includes wheel body and transmission shaft, connect through the gear train meshing that sets up between two transfer passage between two transmission shafts, transfer passage's the outside still is equipped with one of them transmission shaft pivoted motor of control, the motor is controlled by microcontroller.
The invention is further configured to: the utility model discloses a furnace body, including the furnace body, the furnace body is provided with a fixed plate, a movable plate, a furnace body outer layer, a furnace body inner layer, a furnace body outer layer, a furnace body inner layer, a ventilation baffle, a first heating chamber, a second heating chamber, a third heating chamber and a fourth heating chamber, the ventilation baffle includes fixed plate and movable plate of upper and lower coincide, fixed plate is fixed in the furnace body, movable plate slidable mounting is in the furnace body, be equipped with the bleeder vent that corresponds the setting on fixed plate and the movable plate, fixed plate and movable plate are double-deck composite construction, the outer steel frame layer that is, the inlayer is clay brick flame retardant.
The invention is further configured to: in the third step, the temperature self-control heating furnace comprises an air supply preparation stage and an air supply combustion stage:
a gas supply preparation stage: the first on-off valve and the third on-off valve are opened, gas in the gas storage tank enters the first gas storage cylinder through the first proportional solenoid valve and the first gas flowmeter, air in the air storage tank enters the second gas storage cylinder through the second proportional solenoid valve and the second gas flowmeter, the first gas flowmeter and the second gas flowmeter measure flow signals passing correspondingly and feed the signals back to the microcontroller, and the microcontroller adjusts the opening degrees of the first proportional solenoid valve and the second proportional solenoid valve according to the preset ratio of the gas to the air;
and (3) gas supply and combustion stage: when flow signals obtained by measurement of the first gas flowmeter and the second gas flowmeter are calculated by the microcontroller to meet requirements, the microcontroller controls the third on-off valve, the fourth on-off valve and the fifth on-off valve to be opened, the microcontroller controls the motor to be started at the same time, the motor drives the impeller assembly to rotate, and the impeller sends gas and air into the mixing cavity for gas supply and combustion;
the fourth temperature sensor detects the temperature change of the furnace body in the fourth heating cavity, and if the temperature is lower than a preset value, the microcontroller adjusts the rotating speed of the motor fast and increases the air supply amount; if the temperature is higher than the preset value, the microcontroller slows down the rotating speed of the motor and reduces the air supply amount;
the third temperature sensor detects the temperature change of the furnace body in the third heating cavity, and if the temperature is lower than a preset value, the microcontroller controls the corresponding servo electric cylinder to control the movable plate to move horizontally, so that the pore area between the movable plate and the fixed plate is increased; if the temperature is higher than the preset value, reducing the pore area between the movable plate and the fixed plate;
the second temperature sensor detects the temperature change of the furnace body in the second heating cavity, and if the temperature is lower than a preset value, the microcontroller controls the corresponding servo electric cylinder to control the movable plate to move horizontally, so that the pore area between the movable plate and the fixed plate is increased; if the temperature is higher than the preset value, reducing the pore area between the movable plate and the fixed plate;
the first temperature sensor detects the temperature change of the furnace body in the first heating cavity, and if the temperature is lower than a preset value, the microcontroller controls the corresponding servo electric cylinder to control the movable plate to move horizontally, so that the pore area between the movable plate and the fixed plate is increased; if the temperature is higher than the preset value, the pore area between the movable plate and the fixed plate is reduced.
The product obtained by adopting the process has the advantages of good toughness, wear resistance and the like, meets the basic use requirements, can meet the corresponding deformation requirements through the self high toughness, and has good anti-loosening performance; and a specific heating furnace is adopted in the heat treatment process, so that the requirement of the heat treatment temperature can be met, the overall energy consumption is low, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an automotive locknut of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the furnace body in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the air supply system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the construction of the air supply valve in the present invention;
the reference numbers in the figures are: 1. an inner nut; 2. an outer nut; 3. a metal housing; 4. an expanded rubber; 5. a first body; 6. a second body; 7. opening a hole; 8. a notch; 9. screwing grooves; 10. a tin layer; 11. a flow guide hole; 12. a furnace body; 13. a chimney; 14. a first heating chamber; 15. a second heating cavity; 16. a third heating cavity; 17. a fourth heating cavity; 20. a gas storage tank; 21. a first throttle valve; 22. a first pressure regulating valve; 23. a first on-off valve; 24. a first proportional solenoid valve; 25. a first gas flow meter; 26. a second on-off valve; 27. a first air reservoir; 30. an air reservoir; 31. a second throttle valve; 32. a second pressure regulating valve; 33. a third shutoff valve; 34. a second proportional solenoid valve; 35. a second gas flow meter; 36. a fourth shutoff valve; 37. a second air reservoir; 38. a rodless cavity; 39. a rod cavity; 40. a return spring; 41. an air supply valve; 42. a gas supply pipe; 43. an input channel; 44. a mixing chamber; 45. a one-way valve; 46. a fifth on-off valve; 47. a wheel body; 48. a drive shaft; 49. a gear set; 50. a motor; 51. fixing a plate; 52. a movable plate; 53. a servo electric cylinder; 54. a first temperature sensor.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in the following with specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, see fig. 1-5:
the utility model provides an automobile locknut which characterized in that: including inlayer nut 1 and outer nut 2, the center of inlayer nut 1 is equipped with first internal thread hole, inlayer nut 1 is cylindricly, one of outer nut 2 serves and is equipped with the cavity, inlayer nut 1 is installed in the cavity, be equipped with second internal thread hole on outer nut 2's the other end, the internal diameter in first internal thread hole is the same with the internal diameter in second internal thread hole, still be equipped with the clearance compensation subassembly in the cavity, the clearance compensation subassembly includes metal casing 3 and inflation rubber 4, metal casing 3 is including arranging first main part 5 between inlayer nut 1 and outer nut 2 are radial and arranging second main part 6 between inlayer nut 1 and outer nut 2 are axial in, first main part 5 and second main part 6 communicate each other and form and hold the chamber, the appearance structure of inflation rubber 4 is the same with holding the chamber structure and install in holding the chamber, the one end of keeping away from second internal thread hole on the metal casing 3 is equipped with a plurality of trom.
The clearance compensation component is clamped in the containing cavity of the outer-layer nut 2, the expansion rubber 4 can be oil absorption expansion rubber 4 or water absorption expansion rubber 4, and the plurality of openings 7 can be arranged in an annular array; when the nut is installed, the inner nut 1 is screwed in, the outer nut 2 is screwed in, water or oil is injected into the opening 7, when the nut expands, the first main body 5 generates expansion force between the inner nut 1 and the outer nut 2 in the radial direction, and the second main body 6 generates expansion force between the inner nut 1 and the outer nut 2 in the axial direction, so that the occlusion force of threads between the nut and the screw rod is increased, and the anti-loosening effect is achieved; the tensile strength of the expansion rubber 4 is preferably 8-10MPa, the use temperature is 150-200 ℃, the material of the metal shell 3 can be stainless steel, the metal shell 3 is driven to deform through the expansion deformation of the expansion rubber 4, and then extrusion force is generated on the inner-layer nut 1, so that the anti-loosening effect is achieved.
Be equipped with a plurality of notches 8 on the one end that is close to second internal thread hole on the inner nut 1, notch 8 runs through inner nut 1's inner wall and outer wall, still be equipped with on the periphery wall of the one end of second internal thread hole is kept away from to inner nut 1 and revolve wrong groove 9, setting through notch 8, make the tip of inner nut 1 can play better radial deformation effect, can be under the expansion pressure of inflation rubber 4, radial contraction, rethread matched with screw thread closely interlocks, reach better locking effect, the axial length of inner nut 1 can be greater than the axial depth who holds the chamber, make revolve wrong groove 9 and be located the outside of outer nut 2, revolve wrong groove 9 and be used for cooperating with instruments such as spanner, be used for revolving soon.
The expansion rubber 4 is provided with a flow guide hole 11 which is right opposite to the open hole 7, when water or oil is injected, the flow guide hole 11 is convenient to play a role in quick flow guide, so that water or oil can quickly permeate into the other end of the expansion rubber 4 from one end of the expansion rubber 4, and the expansion rubber can uniformly expand.
The inner wall of cavity has welded tin layer 10, and the material of tin layer 10 is mainly for selecting for use the tin alloy that melting point temperature is 70-80 ℃, when the nut needs to be unscrewed, through heating outer nut 2 for tin layer 10 melts, produces the clearance between outer nut 2 and the clearance compensation subassembly, and extrusion force between it reduces, easily unscrews outer nut 2, then can destroy the clearance compensation subassembly, unscrews inlayer nut 1 again, makes it can reach the effect of simple dismantlement under the needs dismantlement condition.
A processing technology of an automobile locknut comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing materials: the inner nut 1 and the outer nut 2 are made of the following materials in percentage by mass:
c: 1.0-1.5%, Si: 1.0-2.0%, Cr: 1-1.3%, Cu: 1.0 to 1.5%, Mn: 0.3-0.5%, Ni: 0.5-1.0%, Mo: 0.2-0.5%, Ti 0.8-0.12%, Nb: 0.1-0.3%, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities;
secondly, casting: injecting the melted raw materials into a forming die for casting at the casting temperature of 1400 ℃ and 1450 ℃, and then cooling and demoulding to form a blank;
thirdly, heat treatment: putting the blank into a heating furnace for heating treatment, and firstly, putting the blank into the furnace at the temperature of 200-; secondly, placing the mixture into a furnace with the temperature of 400-450 ℃, and preserving heat for 1 hour; thirdly, placing the mixture into a furnace temperature of 600-650 ℃, and preserving heat for 1 hour; fourthly, placing the mixture into a furnace temperature of 800-850 ℃ for heat preservation for 1 hour; then quenching treatment is carried out, and the quenching agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3% and potassium nitrate: 5%, potassium hydroxide: 5 percent of water and the balance of water; after cleaning, tempering the blank, keeping the temperature at the tempering temperature of 250-280 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2-3 hours, and air cooling;
fourthly, fine machining: tapping and performing finish machining on the external dimension to obtain an inner nut 1 and an outer nut 2;
fifthly, rust prevention treatment: carrying out anodic oxidation treatment on the inner-layer nut 1 and the outer-layer nut 2, cleaning, immersing into a sealant solution for 5-8 minutes, and then drying;
sixthly, tin plating treatment: and spraying tin alloy liquid on the inner wall of the cavity of the outer-layer nut 2, solidifying to form a tin layer 10 with the thickness of 0.5-2mm, polishing the inner wall of the tin layer 10, and then filling a clearance compensation assembly, wherein the clearance compensation assembly is in transition fit or interference fit with the tin layer 10.
The C content in the nut material is 1.0-1.5%, and Ti and Ni are added simultaneously, so that the intergranular corrosion resistance and the stress resistance of the nut material can be obviously improved; the added Mo element can improve the pitting corrosion resistance and the crevice corrosion resistance; the added Cr element may increase wear resistance.
In the heat treatment process, a multi-section step-by-step heat preservation mode is adopted to enable the blank to be austenitized, then the blank is sent into a nitric acid A solution for quenching, and through reasonable selection of a quenching agent, the quenching agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3 percent; potassium nitrate: 5 percent; potassium hydroxide: 5 percent; the balance of water is proportioned, the high specific heat capacity of the water is utilized to carry out rapid cooling, so that austenite is converted into bainite, the toughness of the material blank is improved, and simultaneously, the hardness and the wear resistance of the material blank are increased and the crack resistance is improved in a low-temperature tempering mode, so that the comprehensive performance is best.
In the process of antirust treatment, the hardness and the wear resistance of the surface of the antirust material are increased by anodic oxidation treatment, and then the antirust performance of the antirust material is increased by antirust sealing treatment, wherein the sealant solution comprises 5 parts by mass of phytic acid, 5 parts by mass of lithium silicate, 2 parts by mass of sodium silicate, 1 part by mass of polyethylene glycol, 2 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol, 1 part by mass of triethanolamine and 100 parts by mass of deionized water.
The nut manufactured by the process has good toughness, is easy to deform along with the expansion of the expansion rubber 4, is easy to play a role in preventing loosening, but has good comprehensive performance because the surface wear resistance and the hardness can meet the use requirements.
In the third step, the heating furnace adopts a temperature self-control heating furnace, the temperature self-control heating furnace comprises a furnace body 12 and an air supply system, a chimney 13 is arranged at the top of the furnace body 12, a plurality of air-permeable clapboards are arranged in the furnace body 12, the furnace body 12 is divided into a first heating cavity 14, a second heating cavity 15, a third heating cavity 16 and a fourth heating cavity 17 by the air-permeable clapboards from top to bottom, furnace doors are respectively arranged on the first heating cavity 14, the second heating cavity 15, the third heating cavity 16 and the fourth heating cavity 17, an air supply spray head communicated with an air supply system is arranged at the bottom of the fourth heating cavity 17, in the heating process, the material embryos are sequentially sent into the first heating cavity 14, the second heating cavity 15, the third heating cavity 16 and the fourth heating cavity 17 to realize heat preservation treatment, each group of material embryos can be simultaneously heated in each heating cavity, and the heating can be realized by adopting the same heating furnace, so that the energy consumption can be saved, and the environment is protected;
the gas supply system comprises a gas storage tank 20, a gas supply branch, an air storage tank 30, an air supply branch and a microcontroller for controlling the states of the gas supply branch and the air supply branch, the gas supply branch comprises a first pressure regulating unit and a first gas supply unit which are sequentially arranged, the first pressure regulating unit comprises a first throttle valve 21 which is sequentially connected in series, the air supply device comprises a first pressure regulating valve 22 and a first on-off valve 23, the first air supply unit comprises a first proportional electromagnetic valve 24, a first gas flowmeter 25 and a second on-off valve 26 which are sequentially arranged in series, the air supply branch comprises a second pressure regulating unit and a second air supply unit which are sequentially arranged in series, the second pressure regulating unit comprises a second throttle valve 31, a second pressure regulating valve 32 and a third on-off valve 33 which are sequentially arranged in series, the second air supply unit comprises a second proportional electromagnetic valve 34, a second gas flowmeter 35 and a fourth on-off valve 36 which are sequentially arranged in series, and the air outlet ends of the second on-off valve 26 and the fourth on-off valve 36 are communicated with an air supply sprayer.
The first pressure regulating unit is mainly used for regulating the gas outlet pressure of the gas storage tank 20, the second pressure regulating unit is mainly used for regulating the gas outlet pressure of the air storage tank 30, the first on-off valve 23, the second on-off valve 26, the third on-off valve 33 and the fourth on-off valve 36 can be two-position two-way valves and are used for controlling the opening or closing of each branch, the first gas flowmeter 25 and the second gas flowmeter 35 are used for monitoring the gas supply quantity of gas and air, detection signals of the gas supply quantity can be fed back to the microcontroller, and then the microcontroller compares the detected gas supply quantity with a preset gas mixing proportion, so that the first proportional solenoid valve 24 and the second proportional solenoid valve 34 are regulated, and the real-time control and conveying according to the preset proportion can be realized.
A first air storage cylinder 27 is further arranged between the first gas flowmeter 25 and the second on-off valve 26, a second air storage cylinder 37 is further arranged between the second gas flowmeter 35 and the fourth on-off valve 36, the first air storage cylinder 27 and the second air storage cylinder 37 both comprise cylinder bodies and pistons used for separating the cylinder bodies into rod cavities 39 and rodless cavities 38, air inlet holes and air outlet holes are formed in the rodless cavities 38, and return springs 40 are arranged in the rod cavities 39.
Before the supply gas combustion starts, the second on-off valve 26 and the fourth on-off valve 36 are still in a closed state, corresponding gas flows into the first air cylinder 27 and the second air cylinder 37 for temporary storage, and at the moment, the return spring 40 is compressed; after the supplied air starts to burn, the second on-off valve 26 and the fourth on-off valve 36 are opened, and the internal gas of the first air cylinder 27 and the second air cylinder 37 is discharged under the elastic pressure of the return spring 40, so that the supplied air effect is achieved; the first air cylinder 27 and the second air cylinder 37 have the function that the air is buffered by the air cylinders before flowing to the heating furnace, so that the measurement accuracy of the flowmeter can be improved.
Meanwhile, pressure sensors can be arranged in the first air cylinder 27 and the second air cylinder 37 and used for detecting the pressure values in the first air cylinder 27 and the second air cylinder 37, and when the pressure values are in a preset range, the opening degrees of the first proportional solenoid valve 24 and the second proportional solenoid valve 34 are kept; if the pressure drops, the opening degrees of the first proportional solenoid valve 24 and the second proportional solenoid valve 34 are proportionally increased at the same time, and if the pressure rises, the opening degrees of the first proportional solenoid valve 24 and the second proportional solenoid valve 34 are proportionally decreased at the same time; the method has the advantages that the consumption of gas and air due to combustion can float to a certain extent according to the temperature requirement, the required gas supply amount can also float, if a gas supply system does not directly supply gas through the gas storage cylinder, the opening degrees of the first proportional solenoid valve 24 and the second proportional solenoid valve 34 need to be adjusted in real time, through the arrangement of the gas storage cylinder, the gas storage cylinder has a temporary storage effect, when the gas supply amount required by combustion is reduced, the gas and the air can enter the corresponding gas storage cylinder for temporary storage, when the gas supply amount required by combustion is increased, the temporary storage in the gas storage cylinder can play a gas supplementing effect, the number of times of adjusting the first proportional solenoid valve 24 and the second proportional solenoid valve 34 in real time can be reduced, the gas supply stability is increased, the temperature fluctuation in the heating furnace is small when the gas supply is stable, and the quality of blanks is.
The air feed shower nozzle is including the air feed valve 41 and the air supply pipe 42 that are connected, air feed valve 41 is including the input part of establishing in proper order in series, mixing chamber 44, the input part includes two input channel 43, two input channel 43 communicate with the second break-over valve 26 and the end of giving vent to anger of fourth break-over valve 36 respectively, the end and the mixing chamber 44 intercommunication of two input channel 43, still be equipped with check valve 45 and fifth break-over valve 46 between mixing chamber 44 and the air supply pipe 42, all still be equipped with the impeller subassembly in two transfer passage, the impeller subassembly includes wheel body 47 and transmission shaft 48, connect through the gear train 49 meshing that sets up between two transfer passage between two transmission shaft 48, transfer passage's the outside still is equipped with one of them transmission shaft 48 pivoted motor 50 of control, motor 50 is controlled by microcontroller.
Gas and air enter the mixing cavity 44 through the two input channels 43 respectively, so that premixing is realized, and the combustion sufficiency is improved; the one-way valve 45 is used for avoiding gas backflow and increasing safety; a fifth on-off valve 46 for controlling the on-off of the gas supply terminal; the transmission ratio of the gear set 49 can be set according to the mixing ratio of the fuel gas and the air, so that the fuel gas and the air are driven to enter the mixing cavity 44 in proportion when the impeller rotates, and mixing is realized; when the fifth on-off valve 46 is opened, the motor 50 drives the two impeller assemblies to rotate, the gas in the two input channels 43 can be pressurized and accelerated, and is discharged into the mixing cavity 44, the mixing effect is good, the mixing is uniform, the gas output can be increased or reduced through adjusting the rotating speed of the motor 50, and the control is easy.
The ventilation baffle plate comprises a fixed plate 51 and a movable plate 52 which are vertically overlapped, the fixed plate 51 is fixed in the furnace body 12, the movable plate 52 is slidably installed in the furnace body 12, ventilation holes which are correspondingly formed in the fixed plate 51 and the movable plate 52 are respectively of a double-layer composite structure, the outer layer of the fixed plate 51 and the movable plate 52 is a steel frame layer, the inner layer of the fixed plate is a clay brick fire-resistant layer, a servo electric cylinder 53 for driving the movable plate 52 to horizontally slide is further arranged on the outer side of the furnace body 12, the servo electric cylinder 53 is controlled by a microcontroller, and a first temperature sensor 54, a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor and a fourth temperature sensor are respectively arranged in the first heating cavity 14, the second heating cavity 15, the third heating cavity 16 and.
The movable plate 52 is translated relative to the fixed plate 51, so that the hole between the movable plate 52 and the fixed plate 51 is increased or reduced, when the hole is increased, the heat in the lower heating cavity easily enters the upper heating cavity, the temperature of the upper heating cavity is easily increased, and otherwise, the temperature is reduced, so that the effect of adjusting the temperature can be achieved, and the fixed plate 51 and the movable plate 52 are both of a double-layer composite structure, have high structural strength, better heat insulation property and good application effect; the first temperature sensor 54, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor and the fourth temperature sensor can be thermocouple sensors, the temperature of the corresponding heating cavity is monitored and fed back to the microcontroller, the microcontroller controls the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the servo electric cylinder 53 according to a preset temperature value, the size of a gap between the movable plate 52 and the fixed plate 51 is adjusted, and automatic temperature adjustment is achieved.
In the third step, the temperature self-control heating furnace comprises an air supply preparation stage and an air supply combustion stage:
a gas supply preparation stage: the first on-off valve 23 and the third on-off valve 33 are opened, the fuel gas in the fuel gas storage tank 20 enters the first air storage tank 27 through the first proportional electromagnetic valve 24 and the first gas flowmeter 25, the air in the air storage tank 30 enters the second air storage tank 37 through the second proportional electromagnetic valve 34 and the second gas flowmeter 35, the first gas flowmeter 25 and the second gas flowmeter 35 measure flow signals passing correspondingly and feed back the signals to the microcontroller, and the microcontroller adjusts the opening degrees of the first proportional electromagnetic valve 24 and the second proportional electromagnetic valve 34 according to the preset ratio of the fuel gas to the air;
and (3) gas supply and combustion stage: when the flow signals obtained by the measurement of the first gas flowmeter 25 and the second gas flowmeter 35 meet the requirements after the calculation of the microcontroller, that is, after the preset proportion conveying is achieved, the microcontroller controls the third on-off valve 33, the fourth on-off valve 36 and the fifth on-off valve 46 to be opened, meanwhile, the microcontroller controls the motor 50 to be started, the motor 50 drives the impeller assembly to rotate, and the impeller sends gas and air into the mixing cavity 44 for gas supply and combustion;
the fourth temperature sensor detects the temperature change of the fourth heating cavity 17 in the furnace body 12, if the temperature is lower than a preset value, the microcontroller adjusts the rotating speed of the motor 50 fast, and the air supply amount is increased; if the temperature is higher than the preset value, the microcontroller slows down the rotating speed of the motor 50 and reduces the air supply amount; the temperature presetting can be 820-;
the third temperature sensor detects the temperature change of the third heating cavity 16 in the furnace body 12, if the temperature is lower than a preset value, the microcontroller controls the corresponding servo electric cylinder 53 to control the movable plate 52 to move horizontally, and the pore area between the movable plate 52 and the fixed plate 51 is increased; if the temperature is higher than the preset value, the area of the gap between the movable plate 52 and the fixed plate 51 is reduced;
the second temperature sensor detects the temperature change of the second heating cavity 15 in the furnace body 12, if the temperature is lower than a preset value, the microcontroller controls the corresponding servo electric cylinder 53 to control the movable plate 52 to move horizontally, and the pore area between the movable plate 52 and the fixed plate 51 is increased; if the temperature is higher than the preset value, the area of the gap between the movable plate 52 and the fixed plate 51 is reduced;
the first temperature sensor 54 detects the temperature change of the first heating cavity 14 in the furnace body 12, if the temperature is lower than a preset value, the microcontroller controls the corresponding servo electric cylinder 53 to control the movable plate 52 to move horizontally, and the pore area between the movable plate 52 and the fixed plate 51 is increased; if the temperature is higher than the preset value, the area of the gap between the movable plate 52 and the stationary plate 51 is reduced.
By the method, the temperature can be automatically controlled and adjusted, the heat preservation temperature fluctuation in the heat treatment process is small, the temperature is stable, the austenitizing effect of the material blank can be improved, and the temperature automatic control and adjustment automation degree is high and the energy consumption is low.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The processing technology of the automobile locknut is characterized in that: the automobile anti-loose nut comprises an inner nut (1) and an outer nut (2), a first internal threaded hole is formed in the center of the inner nut (1), the inner nut (1) is cylindrical, a cavity is formed in one end of the outer nut (2), the inner nut (1) is installed in the cavity, a second internal threaded hole is formed in the other end of the outer nut (2), the inner diameter of the first internal threaded hole is identical to that of the second internal threaded hole, a clearance compensation assembly is further arranged in the cavity and comprises a metal shell (3) and expansion rubber (4), the metal shell (3) comprises a first main body (5) and a second main body (6), the first main body (5) and the second main body are arranged between the inner nut (1) and the outer nut (2) in the radial direction, the second main body (6) is arranged between the inner nut (1) and the outer nut (2) in the axial direction, and the first main body (5) and the, the shape structure of the expanded rubber (4) is the same as that of the containing cavity and is arranged in the containing cavity, and a plurality of open holes (7) are formed in one end, far away from the second internal threaded hole, of the metal shell (3);
a plurality of notches (8) are formed in one end, close to the second internal threaded hole, of the inner-layer nut (1), and the notches (8) penetrate through the inner wall and the outer wall of the inner-layer nut (1);
the outer peripheral wall of one end, far away from the second internal thread hole, of the outer layer nut (2) is also provided with a screwing groove (9);
a tin layer (10) is welded on the inner wall of the cavity, and the melting point temperature of the tin layer (10) is 70-80 ℃;
the processing technology comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing materials: the inner-layer nut (1) and the outer-layer nut (2) are made of the following materials in percentage by mass:
c: 1.0-1.5%, Si: 1.0-2.0%, Cr: 1-1.3%, Cu: 1.0 to 1.5%, Mn: 0.3-0.5%, Ni: 0.5-1.0%, Mo: 0.2-0.5%, Ti 0.8-0.12%, Nb: 0.1-0.3%, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities;
secondly, casting: injecting the melted raw materials into a forming die for casting at the casting temperature of 1400 ℃ and 1450 ℃, and then cooling and demoulding to form a blank;
thirdly, heat treatment: putting the blank into a heating furnace for heating treatment, and firstly, putting the blank into the furnace at the temperature of 200-; secondly, placing the mixture into a furnace with the temperature of 400-450 ℃, and preserving heat for 1 hour; thirdly, placing the mixture into a furnace temperature of 600-650 ℃, and preserving heat for 1 hour; then quenching treatment is carried out, and the quenching agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3% and potassium nitrate: 5%, potassium hydroxide: 5 percent of water and the balance of water; after cleaning, tempering the blank, keeping the temperature at the tempering temperature of 250-280 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2-3 hours, and air cooling;
fourthly, fine machining: tapping and performing finish machining on the external dimension to obtain an inner nut (1) and an outer nut (2);
fifthly, rust prevention treatment: carrying out anodic oxidation treatment on the inner-layer nut (1) and the outer-layer nut (2), cleaning, immersing into a sealant solution for 5-8 minutes, and then drying;
sixthly, tin plating treatment: and spraying tin alloy liquid on the inner wall of the cavity of the outer-layer nut (2), solidifying to form a tin layer (10) with the thickness of 0.5-2mm, polishing the inner wall of the tin layer (10), and then filling a clearance compensation component into the clearance compensation component, wherein the clearance compensation component is in transition fit or interference fit with the tin layer (10).
2. The processing technology of the automobile locknut as claimed in claim 1, wherein the processing technology comprises the following steps: in the third step, the heating furnace adopts a temperature self-control heating furnace, the temperature self-control heating furnace comprises a furnace body (12) and an air supply system, a chimney (13) is arranged at the top of the furnace body (12), a plurality of air-permeable partition plates are arranged in the furnace body (12), the furnace body (12) is divided into a first heating cavity (14), a second heating cavity (15), a third heating cavity (16) and a fourth heating cavity (17) by the air-permeable partition plates from top to bottom, furnace doors are respectively arranged on the first heating cavity (14), the second heating cavity (15), the third heating cavity (16) and the fourth heating cavity (17), an air supply spray head communicated with the air supply system is arranged at the bottom of the fourth heating cavity (17), and in the heating process, the material embryo is sequentially sent into the first heating cavity (14), the second heating cavity (15), the third heating cavity (16) and the fourth heating;
the air supply system comprises a gas storage tank (20), a gas supply branch, an air storage tank (30), an air supply branch, a microcontroller for controlling the states of the gas supply branch and the air supply branch, the gas supply branch comprises a first pressure regulating unit and a first air supply unit which are sequentially arranged, the first pressure regulating unit comprises a first throttle valve (21), a first pressure regulating valve (22) and a first on-off valve (23), the first air supply unit comprises a first proportional electromagnetic valve (24), a first gas flowmeter (25) and a second on-off valve (26), the first pressure regulating unit comprises a second pressure regulating unit and a second air supply unit, the second pressure regulating unit comprises a second throttle valve (31), a second pressure regulating valve (32) and a third on-off valve (33), the second air supply unit comprises a second proportional electromagnetic valve (34), The gas outlet ends of the second gas flowmeter (35) and the fourth on-off valve (36), the second on-off valve (26) and the fourth on-off valve (36) are communicated with the gas supply sprayer.
3. The processing technology of the automobile locknut as claimed in claim 2, wherein the processing technology comprises the following steps: still be equipped with first gas cylinder (27) between first gas flowmeter (25) and second break-over valve (26), still be equipped with second gas cylinder (37) between second gas flowmeter (35) and fourth break-over valve (36), first gas cylinder (27) and second gas cylinder (37) all include the cylinder body, be used for separating into the piston that has pole chamber (39) and no pole chamber (38) with the cylinder body, be equipped with inlet port and venthole on no pole chamber (38), be equipped with reset spring (40) in having pole chamber (39).
4. The processing technology of the automobile locknut as claimed in claim 3, wherein the processing technology comprises the following steps: the air supply nozzle comprises an air supply valve (41) and an air supply pipe (42) which are connected, the air supply valve (41) comprises an input part which is sequentially connected in series, a mixing cavity (44), the input part comprises two input channels (43), the two input channels (43) are respectively communicated with the air outlet ends of a second on-off valve (26) and a fourth on-off valve (36), the tail ends of the two input channels (43) are communicated with the mixing cavity (44), a one-way valve (45) and a fifth on-off valve (46) are arranged between the mixing cavity (44) and the air supply pipe (42), impeller assemblies are respectively arranged in the two conveying channels, each impeller assembly comprises a wheel body (47) and a transmission shaft (48), the two transmission shafts (48) are connected in a meshed mode through a gear set (49) arranged between the two conveying channels, and a motor (50) for controlling one of the transmission shafts (48) to rotate is further arranged on the outer, the motor (50) is controlled by a microcontroller.
5. The processing technology of the automobile locknut as claimed in claim 4, wherein the processing technology comprises the following steps: the ventilating partition plate comprises a fixed plate (51) and a movable plate (52) which are overlapped up and down, the fixed plate (51) is fixed in the furnace body (12), the movable plate (52) is installed in the furnace body (12) in a sliding mode, ventilating holes which are correspondingly formed in the fixed plate (51) and the movable plate (52) are formed in the fixed plate and the movable plate, the fixed plate (51) and the movable plate (52) are of double-layer composite structures, the outer layer is a steel frame layer, the inner layer is a clay brick fire-resistant layer, a servo electric cylinder (53) used for driving the movable plate (52) to horizontally slide is further arranged on the outer side of the furnace body (12), the servo electric cylinder (53) is controlled by a microcontroller, and a first heating cavity (14), a second heating cavity (15), a third heating cavity (16) and a fourth heating cavity (17) are internally provided with a first temperature sensor (54.
6. The processing technology of the automobile locknut as claimed in claim 5, wherein the processing technology comprises the following steps: in the third step, the temperature self-control heating furnace comprises an air supply preparation stage and an air supply combustion stage:
a gas supply preparation stage: the first on-off valve (23) and the third on-off valve (33) are opened, gas in the gas storage tank (20) enters the first air storage cylinder (27) through the first proportional solenoid valve (24) and the first gas flowmeter (25), air in the air storage tank (30) enters the second air storage cylinder (37) through the second proportional solenoid valve (34) and the second gas flowmeter (35), the first gas flowmeter (25) and the second gas flowmeter (35) measure flow signals passing correspondingly and feed the signals back to the microcontroller, and the microcontroller adjusts the opening degrees of the first proportional solenoid valve (24) and the second proportional solenoid valve (34) according to the preset ratio of the gas to the air;
and (3) gas supply and combustion stage: when flow signals obtained by measurement of the first gas flowmeter (25) and the second gas flowmeter (35) meet requirements after calculation of the microcontroller, the microcontroller controls the third on-off valve (33), the fourth on-off valve (36) and the fifth on-off valve (46) to be opened, the microcontroller controls the motor (50) to be started, the motor (50) drives the impeller assembly to rotate, and the impeller sends gas and air into the mixing cavity (44) to supply gas and burn;
the fourth temperature sensor detects the temperature change of a fourth heating cavity (17) in the furnace body (12), and if the temperature is lower than a preset value, the microcontroller adjusts the rotating speed of the motor (50) fast to increase the air supply quantity; if the temperature is higher than the preset value, the microcontroller slows down the rotating speed of the motor (50) and reduces the air supply amount;
the third temperature sensor detects the temperature change of a third heating cavity (16) in the furnace body (12), if the temperature is lower than a preset value, the microcontroller controls a corresponding servo electric cylinder (53) to control the movable plate (52) to move horizontally, and the pore area between the movable plate (52) and the fixed plate (51) is increased; if the temperature is higher than the preset value, the pore area between the movable plate (52) and the fixed plate (51) is reduced;
the second temperature sensor detects the temperature change of a second heating cavity (15) in the furnace body (12), if the temperature is lower than a preset value, the microcontroller controls the corresponding servo electric cylinder (53) to control the movable plate (52) to move horizontally, and the pore area between the movable plate (52) and the fixed plate (51) is increased; if the temperature is higher than the preset value, the pore area between the movable plate (52) and the fixed plate (51) is reduced;
the first temperature sensor (54) detects the temperature change of the first heating cavity (14) in the furnace body (12), if the temperature is lower than a preset value, the microcontroller controls the corresponding servo electric cylinder (53) to control the movable plate (52) to move horizontally, and the pore area between the movable plate (52) and the fixed plate (51) is increased; if the temperature is higher than the preset value, the pore area between the movable plate (52) and the fixed plate (51) is reduced.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010493689.1A CN111609019B (en) | 2020-06-03 | 2020-06-03 | Automobile locknut and processing technology thereof |
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| CN202010493689.1A CN111609019B (en) | 2020-06-03 | 2020-06-03 | Automobile locknut and processing technology thereof |
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| CN111609019A CN111609019A (en) | 2020-09-01 |
| CN111609019B true CN111609019B (en) | 2021-03-12 |
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| CN114473389B (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2023-02-03 | 义乌市长新传动科技有限公司 | Nut production process |
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| US20060112818A1 (en) * | 2002-12-12 | 2006-06-01 | Paul Lothar A | Gun tube support assembly |
| CN2893280Y (en) * | 2005-11-25 | 2007-04-25 | 韩中桥 | Nut |
| CN200989361Y (en) * | 2006-12-04 | 2007-12-12 | 成都天保机械制造有限公司 | Pressure locking nut |
| CN109026962A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2018-12-18 | 浙江赛日机电科技有限公司 | Combine stop nut |
| CN210165033U (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2020-03-20 | 云南滇淮科技发展有限公司 | Environment-friendly leak protection tubular product |
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| US20060112818A1 (en) * | 2002-12-12 | 2006-06-01 | Paul Lothar A | Gun tube support assembly |
| CN2893280Y (en) * | 2005-11-25 | 2007-04-25 | 韩中桥 | Nut |
| CN200989361Y (en) * | 2006-12-04 | 2007-12-12 | 成都天保机械制造有限公司 | Pressure locking nut |
| CN109026962A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2018-12-18 | 浙江赛日机电科技有限公司 | Combine stop nut |
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