CN111608629B - Carbon dioxide pulse type fracturing device and fracturing method thereof - Google Patents
Carbon dioxide pulse type fracturing device and fracturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111608629B CN111608629B CN202010549475.1A CN202010549475A CN111608629B CN 111608629 B CN111608629 B CN 111608629B CN 202010549475 A CN202010549475 A CN 202010549475A CN 111608629 B CN111608629 B CN 111608629B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
- E21C37/06—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole
- E21C37/14—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole by compressed air; by gas blast; by gasifying liquids
Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon dioxide pulse type fracturing device which comprises a rod-shaped device body, wherein the device body comprises a pressure release end, a deflagration cabin and a fuel adding end which are arranged in a straight line from left to right and are communicated, the other ends of the pressure release end and the fuel adding end are respectively provided with a first oil pressure system and a second oil pressure system, the other ends of the first oil pressure system and the second oil pressure system are respectively connected with a first oil pressure controller and a second oil pressure controller, and the first oil pressure controller and the second oil pressure controller are both connected with a display. By the device, the deflagration material can be automatically filled, and the operation efficiency is improved; the invention also provides a fracturing method of the carbon dioxide pulse type fracturing device, and by the method, high-pressure gas generated by carbon dioxide phase change can be automatically and continuously utilized to fracture the deep rock mass, the fractured rock mass is continuously subjected to pulsating impact, and the efficiency of deep rock breaking is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rock mechanical equipment, in particular to a carbon dioxide pulse type fracturing device and a fracturing method thereof.
Background
According to a set of latest data given by medium petroleum, unconventional resources occupy most of the days of medium petroleum in domestic oil and gas resources, and the reserves of hypotonic and ultra-hypotonic crude oil account for 94 percent in the newly-increased explorations of 2017. In addition, the newly issued Chinese mineral resource report (2018) shows that by the end of the 4 th month in this year, the cumulative exploration of the geological reserves of shale gas in China already exceeds billions of cubic meters. As an important technical means in the unconventional resource exploitation process, the hydraulic fracturing has an irreplaceable position in national economic construction till now due to the characteristics of high efficiency, economy and simple operation.
However, with the improvement of the scientific and technological level and the improvement of the living standard, people pay more attention to health and people have an increased awareness of environmental protection, and the defects and the generated hazards of hydraulic fracturing are increasingly paid more attention by people. Firstly, the oil layer is damaged, and the oil-gas seepage channel is blocked, so that the diversion capacity of the fracture is reduced, and the like. Second, hydraulic fracturing techniques require the consumption of large amounts of water and are not recyclable. Each shale gas well takes 400 thousand gallons (1 gallon to about 3.78 liters) of water to fracture the shale. But at the same time, the market for the industry is expanding, and the market for water treatment for hydraulic fracturing for producing shale gas will increase 9 times in 2020 to 90 billion dollars. Meanwhile, chemical substances used in the gas and hydraulic fracturing process pollute an aquifer providing drinking water, so that serious water pollution is caused, even public health of people is endangered, and natural disasters such as earthquakes are caused.
The carbon dioxide combustion stamping technology has the advantages of quite large pressure output capacity and no crushing damage caused by excessive power. However, since the technical research starts late, most of the explosive containers are filled with explosive materials, and the explosive containers need to be refilled after one explosion. Compared with the traditional hydraulic fracturing, the hydraulic fracturing method has certain improvement, but the operation efficiency of the hydraulic fracturing method is probably far lower than that of the hydraulic fracturing.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a carbon dioxide pulse type fracturing device, through which a deflagration material can be automatically filled, and the operation efficiency is improved; the invention also provides a fracturing method of the carbon dioxide pulse type fracturing device, and by the method, high-pressure gas generated by carbon dioxide phase change can be automatically and continuously utilized to fracture the deep rock mass, the fractured rock mass is continuously subjected to pulsating impact, and the efficiency of deep rock breaking is improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a carbon dioxide pulse type fracturing device comprises a rod-shaped device body, wherein the device body comprises a pressure release end, a detonation cabin and a fuel adding end which are arranged in a straight line from left to right and are communicated, the pressure release end comprises a first shell, a first oil pressure end and a pressure release end are arranged in the first shell, the pressure release end is communicated with the first oil pressure end, an electromagnetic detonator is arranged in the wall of the first shell, and the other end of the electromagnetic detonator extends into the detonation cabin; the fuel adding end comprises a second shell, a second oil pressure end arranged in the second shell, a feeding channel and an exhaust channel, wherein the feeding channel and the exhaust channel are connected with the second oil pressure end; and a filtering device is arranged in the deflagration cabin, and the other end of the filtering device is fixedly communicated with the exhaust channel. The other end of pressure release end and fuel interpolation end is equipped with first oil pressure system and second oil pressure system respectively, the other end of first oil pressure system and second oil pressure system links to each other with first oil pressure controller and second oil pressure controller respectively, first oil pressure controller and second oil pressure controller all link to each other with the display.
Through the arrangement, the fuel is conveyed into the deflagration cabin through the fuel adding end, and high-pressure gas generated by deflagration of the fuel in the deflagration cabin is released onto the rock through the pressure releasing end, so that the primary blasting effect on the rock is completed; through the oil pressure in first oil pressure end of first oil pressure controller and the second oil pressure controller automatically regulated respectively end of second oil pressure, can carry out the interpolation of fuel and the release of high-pressure gas many times automatically, can utilize the high-pressure gas fracturing deep rock mass that the carbon dioxide phase transition produced in succession automatically, the continuous pulsation strikes fracturing rock mass, improves the blasting efficiency to the rock.
The first oil pressure end comprises a first oil filling port arranged at the left end in the first shell and a first oil pressure chamber communicated with the right end of the first oil filling port, and a first piston valve is arranged in the first oil pressure chamber; the pressure release end includes pressure release mouth and pressure release channel d that the right-hand member was equipped with in the first casing, first oil pressure chamber right side and pressure release channel d's left end intercommunication, pressure release channel d's right port communicates with each other with the detonation storehouse, is located all be equipped with the pressure release mouth on the first casing wall of both sides about pressure release channel d, pressure release mouth one end communicates with each other with the external world, the pressure release mouth other end communicates with each other with pressure release channel d.
Through the arrangement, the first oil pressure chamber is filled with oil through the first oil filling port, the first piston valve moves rightwards to enter the pressure relief channel d under the driving of the oil pressure in the first oil pressure chamber, the lower end of the pressure relief port communicated with the pressure relief channel d is blocked, and the communication between the pressure relief port and the pressure relief channel d is blocked;
one end of an electromagnetic initiator is fixedly connected in the first shell wall on the upper side and the lower side of the pressure relief channel d, the electromagnetic initiator comprises an electromagnetic rod and an electromagnetic coil sleeved on the electromagnetic rod, one end of the electromagnetic rod transversely penetrates through the through hole in the first shell wall leftwards, continuously penetrates through the first shell wall and enters the pressure relief opening, then penetrates through the first shell wall and enters a channel b in the first shell wall, the other end of the electromagnetic rod extends rightwards into the detonation cabin, the upper end of the channel b is communicated with the outside, and the electromagnetic rod is connected with a power supply through a lead extending out of the upper end of the channel b.
Through the arrangement, the electromagnetic initiator is connected with the power supply, and fuel in the deflagration bin is stimulated to generate deflagration reaction through electromagnetic induction of the electromagnetic initiator.
The second oil pressure end comprises a pipeline passage, a second oil filling port and a second oil pressure chamber, wherein the pipeline passage is sequentially communicated with the second casing from right to left, and a second piston valve is arranged in the second oil pressure chamber.
The feeding channel and the exhaust channel respectively comprise a channel e and a channel g, the channel e and the channel g respectively transversely penetrate through the second shell on the upper side and the lower side of the second oil filling port, and the channel e and the channel g both extend leftwards and are respectively and movably communicated with a channel h and a channel i which extend from the surface of the second piston valve to the interior of the second piston valve; the left ports of the channel h and the channel i are communicated with the second oil pressure chamber, and the right ports of the channel e and the channel g are communicated with the pipeline channel.
The filter device comprises a filter cartridge, and the other end of the filter cartridge extends rightwards into the second oil pressure chamber and is fixedly communicated with the channel i.
The filter cartridge was made of 400 mesh stainless steel mesh, which allows only gas to pass through, but not powder.
Through the above arrangement, the second oil filling port is used for filling oil into the second oil pressure chamber, the second piston valve is driven by the oil pressure in the second oil pressure chamber to move towards the left end of the second oil pressure chamber until the oil pressure can not move, the right end port of the channel i is communicated with the left end port of the channel g in the second shell, the right end port of the channel h arranged in the second piston valve is communicated with the left end port of the channel e in the second shell, and fuel can enter the deflagration cabin from the channel e and the channel h.
The detonation cabin comprises a third shell, the first shell, the third shell and the second shell are sequentially and fixedly connected from left to right, external threads are arranged on the outer wall of the right end of the first shell and the outer wall of the left end of the second shell, and internal threads matched with the external threads are arranged on the inner walls of the two ends of the third shell; the pressure relief channel d and the right part of the electromagnetic initiator extend into the third shell from the left port of the third shell; the left side portion of the second oil pressure chamber extends into the third housing from a right port of the third housing.
Through the arrangement, the explosion chamber can be ensured to be respectively and tightly connected and communicated with the fuel adding end and the pressure releasing end; the fuel injected through the fuel adding end can completely enter the deflagration cabin, and high-pressure gas generated in the deflagration cabin can be fully released.
The first piston valve and the second piston valve respectively comprise a vertical end and a transverse end connected with the vertical end, and the vertical ends of the first piston valve and the second piston valve are respectively matched with the right end and the left end of the second oil pressure chamber and the left end of the first oil pressure chamber in inner diameter;
through the arrangement, the tightness between the first oil pressure chamber and the second oil pressure chamber and between the first piston valve and the second piston valve is ensured, and the oil in the first oil pressure chamber and the oil in the second oil pressure chamber cannot flow into the detonation cabin along the first piston valve and the second piston valve respectively, so that the oil pressure in the first oil pressure chamber and the second oil pressure chamber cannot be formed.
The end of the transverse end of the first piston valve is matched with the inner diameter of the left end of the pressure relief channel d, and the end of the transverse end of the second piston valve is matched with the inner diameter of the left end of the second oil pressure chamber.
Through the arrangement, the end head of the transverse end of the first piston valve can be ensured to completely block the lower end of the pressure relief opening; the end of the transverse end of the second piston valve can be ensured to completely block the left end of the second oil pressure chamber, so that the airtightness of the detonation cabin can be ensured.
The diameters of the vertical ends of the first piston valve and the second piston valve are larger than the diameters of the transverse ends of the first piston valve and the second piston valve.
Through above setting, ensure that second piston valve and first piston valve respectively with the second oil pressure room and the area of contact of first oil pressure room all be greater than far than with the area of contact of high-pressure gas in the detonation storehouse, consequently carry out the first time after burning the punching press, after high-pressure gas in the detonation storehouse is discharged, only need littleer oil pressure, just can push back first piston valve to pressure release passageway d left end department, push back second piston valve to the left end of second oil pressure room, the oil charge volume of second oil pressure room and first oil pressure room is few promptly, and the cost is saved.
And a plurality of grooves are formed in the second piston valves on two sides of the right end openings of the channel h and the channel i, and sealing rings matched with the grooves are arranged in the grooves.
A cracking method of a carbon dioxide pulse type cracking device is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) drilling a hole in the rock, wherein the diameter of the hole is slightly larger than that of the rod-shaped device body;
(2) putting the pressure release end of the fracturing device into the rock hole downwards;
(3) injecting oil into the first oil pressure chamber through the first oil injection port until the other end of the pressure relief port is blocked by the first piston valve, and stopping injecting the oil; injecting oil into the second oil pressure chamber through a second oil injection port until the feeding channel and the exhaust channel are communicated with the detonation cabin, and stopping injecting the oil;
(4) firstly, the energy-gathering agent is conveyed into the deflagration bin from the feeding channel through gaseous carbon dioxide, then liquid carbon dioxide is conveyed into the deflagration bin from the feeding channel, and the weight ratio of the energy-gathering agent and the liquid carbon dioxide added into the deflagration bin is 1 (1-2);
(5) pumping the oil injected into the second oil pressure chamber reversely through the second oil injection port until the feeding channel and the exhaust channel are disconnected from the detonation cabin, and stopping pumping the oil; the electromagnetic detonator is connected with a power supply to detonate the energy-gathering agent and the liquid carbon dioxide in the detonation cabin, the generated high-pressure gas acts on the rock from the pressure relief port, and the power supply of the electromagnetic detonator is disconnected after the detonation in the rock cave cannot be heard;
(6) and (5) repeating the operations from (3) to (5) and performing punching blasting on the rock again.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) because the holes drilled in the rock stratum are cylindrical holes, the device body is designed into a rod shape; the rod-shaped device body can be directly installed in the drill hole, so that the device is very convenient to use, and other shapes such as a box body are inconvenient to use in the actual application of rock blasting due to the fact that the shape of the device is different from that of the drill hole.
(2) The fuel is conveyed into the deflagration cabin through the fuel adding end by arranging the fuel adding end, the deflagration cabin and the pressure releasing end, and high-pressure gas generated by deflagration of the fuel in the deflagration cabin is released onto the rock through the pressure releasing end, so that the primary blasting effect on the rock is completed; through the oil pressure in first oil pressure end of first oil pressure controller and the second oil pressure controller automatically regulated respectively end of second oil pressure, can carry out the interpolation of fuel and the release of high-pressure gas many times automatically, can utilize the high-pressure gas fracturing deep rock mass that the carbon dioxide phase transition produced in succession automatically, the continuous pulsation strikes fracturing rock mass, improves the blasting efficiency to the rock.
(3) After the gaseous carbon dioxide is conveyed to the deflagration cabin, the gaseous carbon dioxide in the energy collecting agent is continuously discharged from the deflagration cabin, so that the powder can be continuously conveyed into the deflagration cabin; the filter cartridge is arranged in the deflagration chamber, one end of the filter cartridge is connected with the exhaust passage, and the filter cartridge only can allow gas to pass through but cannot allow powder to pass through; therefore, when gaseous carbon dioxide is discharged along the filter cartridge and the exhaust channel consisting of the channel g and the channel i, powder in the energy collecting agent still stays in the deflagration cabin, and the powder loss rate in the energy collecting agent is reduced.
(4) By the cracking method, high-pressure gas generated by carbon dioxide phase change can be automatically and continuously utilized to fracture the deep rock mass, the fractured rock mass is continuously subjected to pulsating impact, and the efficiency of deep rock breaking is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the fuel addition end of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a pressure relief end of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.
In the figure, 1 pressure release end, 1-1 first oil filling port, 1-2 first oil pressure chamber, 1-3 first piston valve, 1-4 electromagnetic rod, 1-5 electromagnetic coil, 1-6 pressure release passage d, 1-7 passage b, 1-8 pressure release port, 2 deflagration bin, 3 fuel adding end, 3-1 filter cartridge, 3-2 second oil pressure chamber, 3-3 second piston valve, 3-4 second oil filling port, 3-5 pipeline passage, 3-6 passage e, 3-7 passage g, 3-8 passage h, 3-9 passage i.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will be described more fully and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments below.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms of art used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, a pulse type carbon dioxide fracturing device comprises a rod-shaped device body, wherein the device body comprises a pressure release end 1, a detonation cabin 2 and a fuel adding end 3 which are arranged in a straight line from left to right and are communicated, the pressure release end 1 comprises a first shell, a first oil pressure end and a pressure release end are arranged in the first shell, the pressure release end is communicated with the first oil pressure end, an electromagnetic initiator is arranged in the wall of the first shell, and the other end of the electromagnetic initiator extends into the detonation cabin 2; the fuel adding end 3 comprises a second shell, a second oil pressure end arranged in the second shell, and a feeding channel and an exhaust channel which are connected with the second oil pressure end; and a filtering device is arranged in the deflagration cabin 2, and the other end of the filtering device is fixedly communicated with the exhaust channel.
Through the arrangement, the fuel is conveyed into the deflagration cabin 2 through the fuel adding end 3, and high-pressure gas generated by deflagration of the fuel in the deflagration cabin 2 is released onto the rock through the pressure releasing end 1, so that the primary blasting effect on the rock is completed;
the other end of pressure release end 1 and fuel adding end 3 is equipped with first oil pressure system and second oil pressure system respectively, the other end of first oil pressure system and second oil pressure system links to each other with first oil pressure controller and second oil pressure controller respectively, first oil pressure controller and second oil pressure controller all link to each other with the display. The first oil pressure system comprises a first oil pressure pump and a first oil pressure pipeline connected with the first oil pressure pump; the second hydraulic system comprises a second hydraulic pump and a second hydraulic pipeline connected with the second hydraulic pump.
The pressure relief channel d1-6 and the right side part of the electromagnetic initiator extend into the third housing from the left port of the third housing; the left side portion of the second oil pressure chamber 3-2 extends into the third housing from the right port of the third housing.
Through the arrangement, the explosion chamber 2 can be respectively and tightly connected and communicated with the fuel adding end 3 and the pressure releasing end 1; the fuel injected through the fuel adding end 3 can completely enter the detonation cabin 2, and high-pressure gas generated in the detonation cabin 2 can be fully released.
As shown in fig. 2, the first oil pressure end includes a first oil filling port 1-1 provided at the left end in the first housing and a first oil pressure chamber 1-2 communicated with the right end of the first oil filling port 1-1, and a first piston valve 1-3 is provided in the first oil pressure chamber 1-2; the pressure relief end comprises a pressure relief opening 1-8 and a pressure relief channel d1-6 which are arranged at the inner right end of the first shell, the right side of the first oil pressure chamber 1-2 is communicated with the left end of the pressure relief channel d1-6, the right end opening of the pressure relief channel d1-6 is communicated with the detonation cabin 2, the first shell walls at the upper side and the lower side of the pressure relief channel d1-6 are respectively provided with the pressure relief opening 1-8, one end of the pressure relief opening 1-8 is communicated with the outside, the other end of the pressure relief opening is communicated with the pressure relief channel d1-6, and the other end of the first oil pressure pipeline is communicated with the first oil injection opening 1-1.
Through the arrangement, oil is injected into the first oil pressure chamber 1-2 through the first oil injection port 1-1, the first piston valve 1-3 moves rightwards to enter the pressure relief channel d1-6 under the driving of the oil pressure in the first oil pressure chamber 1-2, the other end of the pressure relief port 1-8 communicated with the pressure relief channel d1-6 is blocked, and the communication between the pressure relief port 1-8 and the pressure relief channel d1-6 is blocked.
Electromagnetic initiators are fixedly connected in the first shell walls on the upper side and the lower side of the pressure relief channel d1-6 respectively, each electromagnetic initiator comprises an electromagnetic rod 1-4 and an electromagnetic coil 1-5 sleeved on the electromagnetic rod 1-4, one end of each electromagnetic rod 1-4 transversely penetrates through a through hole in the first shell wall leftwards and continuously penetrates through the first shell wall, after entering a pressure relief opening 1-8, the electromagnetic rod finally enters a channel b1-7 in the first shell wall, and the other end of each electromagnetic rod 1-4 extends into the deflagration bin 2 rightwards; the upper end of the channel b1-7 is communicated with the outside, and the electromagnetic rod 1-4 is connected with a power supply through a lead wire extending out of the upper end of the channel b 1-7.
Through the arrangement, the electromagnetic initiator is connected with a power supply, and fuel in the detonation cabin 2 is excited to generate detonation reaction through electromagnetic induction of the electromagnetic initiator.
As shown in fig. 3, the second oil pressure end includes a pipeline passage 3-5, a second oil filling port 3-4 and a second oil pressure chamber 3-2 which are sequentially communicated from right to left in the second housing, a second piston valve 3-3 is arranged in the second oil pressure chamber 3-2, and the other end of the second oil pressure pipeline is communicated with the second oil filling port 3-4.
The feed channel and the exhaust channel respectively comprise a channel e3-6 and a channel g3-7, the channel e3-6 and the channel g3-7 respectively transversely penetrate through the second housing wall on the upper side and the lower side of the second oil filling port 3-4, the channel e3-6 and the channel g3-7 respectively extend leftwards and are respectively in movable communication with a channel h3-8 and a channel i3-9 which extend from the surface of the second piston valve 3-3 to the interior of the second piston valve 3-3; the left ports of the channel h3-8 and the channel i3-9 are communicated with the interior of the second oil pressure chamber 3-2, the right ports of the channel e3-6 and the channel g3-7 are communicated with a pipeline channel 3-5 at the right end of the second shell, and the channel e3-6 is communicated with a fuel input pipeline.
Through the arrangement, oil is injected into the second oil pressure chamber 3-2 through the second oil injection port 3-4, the second piston valve 3-3 moves towards the left end of the second oil pressure chamber 3-2 under the driving of the oil pressure in the second oil pressure chamber 3-2 until the second piston valve cannot move any more, the right end port of the channel i3-9 is communicated with the left end port of the channel g3-7 in the second shell, the right end port of the channel h3-8 arranged in the second piston valve 3-3 is communicated with the left end port of the channel e3-6 in the second shell, and the fuel can be driven to be conveyed into the deflagration cabin 2 from the channel e3-6 and the channel h3-8 due to the fact that the pressure of the second oil pressure chamber 3-2 is greater than the pressure in the deflagration cabin 2 and the pressure difference is formed between the second oil pressure chamber 3-2 and the deflagration cabin 2.
The filter device comprises a filter cylinder 3-1, and the other end of the filter cylinder 3-1 enters the second oil pressure chamber 3-2 rightwards and is fixedly communicated with a channel i 3-9. The filter cartridge 3-1 is made of a stainless steel mesh of 400 meshes, one end of the filter cartridge 3-1 is in a closed and non-communicated state, and the other end of the filter cartridge 3-1 is fixedly communicated with the channel i 3-9.
The fuel in the embodiment comprises the energy gathering agent and liquid carbon dioxide, and powder in the energy gathering agent is heavy and is easy to deposit in a feeding channel formed by a channel e3-6 and a channel h3-8, so that the fuel cannot enter the deflagration bin 2; therefore, the powder in the energy collecting agent can rapidly enter the deflagration cabin 2 only by blowing gaseous carbon dioxide; however, a large amount of gaseous carbon dioxide enters the deflagration bin 2, if the gaseous carbon dioxide is not discharged in time, the pressure in the deflagration bin 2 is increased, so that the powder can be prevented from being continuously conveyed to the deflagration bin 2, therefore, the gaseous carbon dioxide is required to be continuously discharged from the deflagration bin 2 through an exhaust passage formed by a passage i3-9 and a passage g3-7, and the powder in the energy collecting agent is prevented from being brought out of the deflagration bin 2 by the gaseous carbon dioxide in the process of discharging the gaseous carbon dioxide; by arranging the filter cylinder 3-1, the filter cylinder 3-1 only can allow gas to pass through, but powder cannot pass through; therefore, when gaseous carbon dioxide is discharged along the filter cylinder 3-1 and the exhaust passage communicated with the filter cylinder 3-1, powder in the energy collecting agent still stays in the deflagration bin 2.
The first piston valve 1-3 and the second piston valve 3-3 respectively comprise a vertical end and a transverse end connected with the vertical end, and the vertical ends of the first piston valve 1-3 and the second piston valve 3-3 are respectively matched with the right end and the left end of the second oil pressure chamber 3-2 and the first oil pressure chamber 1-2 in inner diameter;
through the arrangement, the tightness between the first oil pressure chamber 1-2 and the second oil pressure chamber 3-2 and the first piston valve 1-3 and the second piston valve 3-3 respectively is ensured, and the oil in the first oil pressure chamber 1-2 and the second oil pressure chamber 3-2 cannot flow into the detonation cabin 2 along the first piston valve 1-3 and the second piston valve 3-3 respectively, so that the oil pressure cannot be formed in the first oil pressure chamber 1-2 and the second oil pressure chamber 3-2.
The end of the transverse end of the first piston valve 1-3 is matched with the inner diameter of the left end of the pressure relief channel d1-6, and the end of the transverse end of the second piston valve 3-3 is matched with the inner diameter of the left end of the second oil pressure chamber 3-2.
Through the arrangement, the end head of the transverse end of the first piston valve 1-3 can be ensured to completely block the lower end of the pressure relief opening; the end of the transverse end of the second piston valve 3-3 can be ensured to completely block the left end of the second oil pressure chamber 3-2, so that the airtightness of the detonation cabin 2 can be ensured.
The diameters of the vertical ends of the first piston valve 1-3 and the second piston valve 3-3 are larger than the diameters of the transverse ends of the first piston valve 1-3 and the second piston valve 3-3.
Through the arrangement, the contact areas of the second piston valve 3-3 and the first piston valve 1-3 with the second oil pressure chamber 3-2 and the first oil pressure chamber 1-2 respectively are far larger than the contact area with gas in the detonation cabin 2, so that after the first combustion stamping is carried out, after high-pressure gas in the detonation cabin 2 is exhausted, the pressure in the detonation cabin 2 is reduced, and the pressure difference between the first oil pressure chamber 1-2, the second oil pressure chamber 3-2 and the detonation cabin 2 is increased; the first piston valve 1-3 can be pushed back to the left end of the pressure relief passage d1-6 by only needing smaller oil pressure, and the second piston valve 3-3 can be pushed back to the left end of the second oil pressure chamber 3-2, namely, the oil charge of the second oil pressure chamber 3-2 and the first oil pressure chamber 1-2 is reduced, and the cost is saved.
And a plurality of grooves are formed in the second piston valves 3-3 positioned on two sides of the right ports of the channel h3-8 and the channel i3-9, and sealing rings matched with the grooves are arranged in the grooves.
The fracturing method in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) drilling a hole in the rock, wherein the diameter of the hole is slightly larger than that of the device body;
(2) putting the cracking device with the carded pipeline into a rock hole, wherein a pressure release end 1 of the cracking device faces downwards and is put into the rock hole;
(3) the first oil pressure controller controls the first oil pressure system, oil is injected into the first oil pressure chamber 1-2 through the first oil injection port 1-1, and when the amount of the oil injected into the first oil pressure chamber 1-2 is not increased any more and the other end of the pressure relief port 1-8 is blocked by the first piston valve 1-3, oil injection is stopped; the second oil pressure controller controls a second oil pressure system, oil is injected into the second oil pressure chamber 3-2 through a second oil injection port 3-4, and when the quantity of the oil injected into the second oil pressure chamber 3-2 is not increased any more and the feeding channel and the exhaust channel are both communicated with the detonation cabin 2, the oil injection is stopped;
(4) firstly, the energy-gathering agent is conveyed into the deflagration bin 2 from the feeding channel through gaseous carbon dioxide, then the liquid carbon dioxide is conveyed into the deflagration bin 2 from the feeding channel, the weight ratio of the energy-gathering agent and the liquid carbon dioxide added into the deflagration bin 2 is 1:1, and at the moment, the pressure in the deflagration bin 2 is about 8 MPa; gaseous carbon dioxide is only used as a powder conveying agent in the energy gathering agent and does not participate in deflagration reaction.
(5) The second oil pressure controller controls the second oil pressure system, and oil injected into the second oil pressure chamber 3-2 is reversely pumped out through the second oil injection port 3-4 until the left ports of the channel e3-6 and the channel g3-7 are blocked by the sealing ring, namely the oil pumping is stopped after the feed channel and the exhaust channel are disconnected and communicated with the detonation cabin 2; the electromagnetic detonator is connected with a power supply to detonate the energy-gathering agent and the liquid carbon dioxide in the detonation cabin 2, the generated high-pressure gas acts on the rock from the pressure relief port, and the power supply of the electromagnetic detonator is disconnected after the detonation in the rock cave cannot be heard;
(6) and (5) repeating the operations from (3) to (5) and performing punching blasting on the rock again.
The working principle is as follows: injecting oil into the first oil pressure chamber 1-2 through the first oil injection port 1-1, driving the first piston valve 1-3 to move rightwards under the driving of the oil pressure in the first oil pressure chamber 1-2 to enter a pressure relief channel d1-6, blocking the other end of the pressure relief port 1-8 communicated with the pressure relief channel d1-6, and blocking the communication between the pressure relief port 1-8 and the pressure relief channel d1-6, so that the pressure release end 1 is disconnected from the detonation cabin 2; oil is injected into the second oil pressure chamber 3-2 through the second oil injection port 3-4, the second piston valve 3-3 moves towards the left end of the second oil pressure chamber 3-2 under the driving of the oil pressure in the second oil pressure chamber 3-2 until the second piston valve can not move any more, the right port of the channel i3-9 is communicated with the left port of the channel g3-7 in the second shell, namely the exhaust channel is communicated with the detonation cabin 2; the right port of the channel h3-8 is communicated with the left port of the channel e3-6 in the second shell, namely the feeding channel is communicated with the detonation cabin 2; after the feeding channel and the exhaust channel are communicated with the deflagration bin 2, the energy collecting agent is conveyed through gaseous carbon dioxide firstly and enters the deflagration bin 2 from the feeding channel, the gaseous carbon dioxide is continuously discharged from the deflagration bin 2 through the filter cartridge 3-1 and the exhaust channel, and after the energy collecting agent is conveyed, the liquid carbon dioxide is injected into the deflagration bin 2 through the feeding channel. After the fuel is added, the oil injected into the second oil pressure chamber 3-2 is reversely pumped out through the second oil filling port 3-4, so that the oil pressure in the second oil pressure chamber 3-2 is reduced, the second piston valve 3-3 moves towards the second oil filling port 3-4, the right port of the channel h3-8 is staggered with the left port of the channel e3-6, and the right port of the channel i3-9 is staggered with the left port of the channel g 3-7; the left ports of the channel e3-6 and the channel g3-7 are blocked by sealing rings arranged on the second piston valve 3-3, so that the exhaust channel and the feeding channel are disconnected and communicated with the detonation cabin 2; the electromagnetic initiator is powered on, fuel consisting of energy collecting agents and liquid carbon dioxide in the deflagration bin 2 is started, deflagration reaction is triggered, high-pressure gas generated in the deflagration bin 2 rushes into the pressure relief channel d1-6 and pushes the first piston valve 1-3 to move towards the direction of the first oil filling port 1-1, at the moment, the pressure relief port 1-8 is communicated with the pressure relief channel d1-6, pressure generated by the high-pressure gas is relieved to rock through the pressure relief port 1-8, and meanwhile waste gas and waste materials generated after deflagration are exhausted to the outside through the pressure relief port 1-8.
And after the first pressure relief is finished, repeating the operation and carrying out the next pressure relief operation.
The energy gathering agent in the embodiment consists of strong active metal powder, a high-energy oxidant, a quasi-explosive agent and inert gas, wherein the mass ratio of the components is 12:3:1: 1; the metal powder is metal magnesium powder and metal aluminum powder, and the mass ratio is 2: 1; the particle size of the metal powder is 1um magnesium powder and 50nm aluminum powder; the high-energy oxidant is sodium peroxide powder; the quasi-explosive is calcium chloride; the inert gas is helium.
The principle of obtaining power energy by the reaction of the energy gathering agent and carbon dioxide is as follows: the energy-concentrating agent is uniformly distributed in the supercritical carbon dioxide in a suspended state, thereby forming a mixture of the carbon dioxide and the energy-concentrating agent. On one hand, the energy gathering agent can have violent oxidation-reduction reaction with a part of carbon dioxide to release a large amount of heat instantly to form a high-temperature and high-pressure environment, and further, the violent combustion reaction can be converted into explosion shock waves; on the other hand, carbon dioxide which does not participate in the reaction is subjected to instantaneous phase change under the high-temperature condition, and carbon dioxide phase change explosion shock waves are generated. In the invention, by controlling the components of the energy gathering agent and the grain size grading of the metal powder, the oxidation-reduction reaction rate can be adjusted, the combustion rate and the combustion reaction intensity of the mixture of the carbon dioxide and the strong-activity energy gathering agent can be adjusted, and the accurate control of the gas explosion temperature and pressure can be realized. Wherein, the reaction intensity of the carbon dioxide and the metal powder with strong activity can be enhanced by adding the high-energy oxidant; the addition of the quasi-explosive particles can more effectively adjust parameters such as gas explosion speed, gas explosion upper and lower limits, minimum ignition energy, electrostatic spark sensitivity and the like generated by the reaction of carbon dioxide and the energy gathering agent; the addition of inert gas can improve the safety of the strong-activity energy-gathering agent during transportation, mixing, storage and filling.
Example 2
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the weight ratio of the energy gathering agent and the liquid carbon dioxide added into the deflagration cabin is 1:2, and the pressure in the deflagration cabin is about 12 MPa.
The energy gathering agent in the embodiment consists of strong active metal powder, a high-energy oxidant, a quasi-explosive agent and inert gas, wherein the mass ratio of the components is 12:0:1: 1; the metal powder is magnesium powder; the particle size of the metal powder is 10um magnesium powder; the high-energy oxidant is sodium peroxide powder; the quasi-explosive is calcium chloride; the inert gas is nitrogen.
Example 3
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the energy gathering agent in the embodiment is composed of strong active metal powder, a high-energy oxidant, a quasi-explosive agent and inert gas, and the mass ratio of the components is 12:1:0: 2; the metal powder is magnesium powder; the particle size of the metal powder is 50 um; the high-energy oxidant is oxygen; the inert gas is helium.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a carbon dioxide pulse type fracturing device which characterized in that: the device comprises a rod-shaped device body, wherein the device body comprises a pressure release end, a deflagration bin and a fuel adding end which are arranged in a straight line from left to right and are communicated, the pressure release end comprises a first shell, a first oil pressure end arranged in the first shell and a pressure release end communicated with the first oil pressure end, an electromagnetic initiator is arranged in the wall of the first shell, and one end of the electromagnetic initiator extends into the deflagration bin; the fuel adding end comprises a second shell, a second oil pressure end arranged in the second shell, a feeding channel and an exhaust channel, wherein the feeding channel and the exhaust channel are connected with the second oil pressure end; a filtering device is arranged in the detonation cabin, and one end of the filtering device is fixedly communicated with the exhaust channel; the other end of pressure release end and fuel interpolation end is equipped with first oil pressure system and second oil pressure system respectively, the other end of first oil pressure system and second oil pressure system links to each other with first oil pressure controller and second oil pressure controller respectively, first oil pressure controller and second oil pressure controller all link to each other with the display.
2. The carbon dioxide pulse type fracturing device of claim 1, wherein the first oil pressure end comprises a first oil injection port arranged at the left end in the first housing and a first oil pressure chamber communicated with the right end of the first oil injection port, and a first piston valve is arranged in the first oil pressure chamber; pressure release end includes pressure release mouth and pressure release channel d that the right-hand member was equipped with in the first casing, first oil pressure chamber right side communicates with each other with pressure release channel d's left end, pressure release channel d's right port communicates with each other with the detonation storehouse, is located all be equipped with the pressure release mouth on the first casing wall of both sides about pressure release channel d, pressure release mouth one end communicates with each other with the external world, the pressure release mouth other end communicates with each other with pressure release channel d.
3. The carbon dioxide pulse type fracturing device of claim 2, wherein an electromagnetic initiator is fixedly connected in the first housing wall on the upper side and the lower side of the pressure relief channel d, the electromagnetic initiator comprises an electromagnetic rod and an electromagnetic coil sleeved on the electromagnetic rod, one end of the electromagnetic rod transversely penetrates through the through hole in the first housing wall leftwards, continues to penetrate through the first housing wall and enters the pressure relief port, then penetrates through the first housing wall and enters the channel b in the first housing wall, and the other end of the electromagnetic rod extends rightwards into the detonation cabin.
4. The carbon dioxide pulse type fracturing device of claim 2, wherein: the second oil pressure end comprises a pipeline channel, a second oil filling port and a second oil pressure chamber which are sequentially communicated from right to left in the second shell, and a second piston valve is arranged in the second oil pressure chamber.
5. The carbon dioxide pulse type fracturing device of claim 4, wherein: the feed channel and the exhaust channel respectively comprise a channel e and a channel g, the channel e and the channel g respectively transversely penetrate through the second housing walls at the upper side and the lower side of the second oil filling port, and the channel e and the channel g both extend leftwards and are respectively in movable communication with a channel h and a channel i which extend from the surface of the second piston valve to the interior of the second piston valve; the left ports of the channel h and the channel i are communicated with the second oil pressure chamber, and the right ports of the channel e and the channel g are communicated with the pipeline channel.
6. The carbon dioxide pulse type fracturing device of claim 4, wherein: the filter device comprises a filter cartridge, wherein one end of the filter cartridge extends rightwards into the second oil pressure chamber and is fixedly communicated with the channel i.
7. The carbon dioxide pulse type fracturing device of claim 1, wherein: deflagration storehouse includes the third casing, first casing, third casing and second casing from left to right are fixed continuous in proper order, all be equipped with the external screw thread on the right-hand member outer wall of first casing and on the left end outer wall of second casing, all be equipped with on the both ends inner wall of third casing with external screw thread assorted internal thread.
8. The carbon dioxide pulse type fracturing device of claim 4, wherein: the detonation cabin comprises a third shell, and the pressure relief channel d and the right part of the electromagnetic initiator extend into the third shell from a left port of the third shell; the left side portion of the second oil pressure chamber extends into the third housing from a right port of the third housing.
9. The fracturing method of the carbon dioxide pulse fracturing device of claim 4, wherein the fracturing method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) drilling a hole in the rock, wherein the diameter of the hole is slightly larger than that of the rod-shaped device body;
(2) putting the fracturing device into the rock hole;
(3) injecting oil into the first oil pressure chamber through the first oil injection port until the other end of the pressure relief port is blocked by the first piston valve, and stopping injecting the oil; injecting oil into the second oil pressure chamber through a second oil injection port until the feeding channel and the exhaust channel are communicated with the detonation cabin, and stopping injecting the oil;
(4) firstly, conveying the energy-gathering agent to the deflagration bin from the feeding channel through gaseous carbon dioxide, then conveying liquid carbon dioxide to the deflagration bin from the feeding channel, wherein the weight ratio of the energy-gathering agent to the liquid carbon dioxide added to the deflagration bin is 1 (1-2);
(5) pumping the oil injected into the second oil pressure chamber reversely through the second oil injection port until the feeding channel and the exhaust channel are disconnected from the detonation cabin, and stopping pumping the oil; the electromagnetic detonator is connected with a power supply to detonate the energy-gathering agent and the liquid carbon dioxide in the detonation cabin, the generated high-pressure gas acts on the rock from the pressure relief port, and the power supply of the electromagnetic detonator is disconnected after the detonation in the rock cave cannot be heard;
(6) and (5) repeating the operations from (3) to (5) and performing punching blasting on the rock again.
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| US9677358B2 (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2017-06-13 | Stemlock, Incorporated | Fluid release mechanism for a chemically-inflatable bag |
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| CN106401553A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-02-15 | 胡少斌 | Carbon dioxide-energy gathering agent detonation impacting phase-change jet device and method thereof |
| CN106978996A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-07-25 | 太原理工大学 | Automatic energy storage high pressure fluid injection CO2Phase conversion pulse coal and rock fracturing device |
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