CN111607980A - Artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111607980A
CN111607980A CN202010451271.4A CN202010451271A CN111607980A CN 111607980 A CN111607980 A CN 111607980A CN 202010451271 A CN202010451271 A CN 202010451271A CN 111607980 A CN111607980 A CN 111607980A
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parts
layer
pvc
artificial leather
coating
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CN202010451271.4A
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李彬
熊芬
张旭
付丹
谢德钰
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Dongfeng Motor Corp
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Dongfeng Motor Corp
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06N3/06—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds with polyvinylchloride or its copolymerisation products
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    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
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    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0006—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using woven fabrics
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0009—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using knitted fabrics
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    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0011—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using non-woven fabrics
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0043—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers
    • D06N3/005—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers obtained by blowing or swelling agent
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    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
    • D06N3/0059—Organic ingredients with special effects, e.g. oil- or water-repellent, antimicrobial, flame-resistant, magnetic, bactericidal, odour-influencing agents; perfumes
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
    • D06N3/0063—Inorganic compounding ingredients, e.g. metals, carbon fibres, Na2CO3, metal layers; Post-treatment with inorganic compounds
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/007—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by mechanical or physical treatments
    • D06N3/0077—Embossing; Pressing of the surface; Tumbling and crumbling; Cracking; Cooling; Heating, e.g. mirror finish
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0086—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique
    • D06N3/0095—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique by inversion technique; by transfer processes
    • D06N3/0097—Release surface, e.g. separation sheets; Silicone papers
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/18—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with two layers of different macromolecular materials
    • D06N3/183—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with two layers of different macromolecular materials the layers are one next to the other
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    • D06N2205/10—Particulate form, e.g. powder, granule
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    • D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
    • D06N2209/12—Permeability or impermeability properties
    • D06N2209/121—Permeability to gases, adsorption
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    • D06N2211/00—Specially adapted uses
    • D06N2211/12—Decorative or sun protection articles
    • D06N2211/26—Vehicles, transportation
    • D06N2211/261—Body finishing, e.g. headliners
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    • D06N2211/00—Specially adapted uses
    • D06N2211/12—Decorative or sun protection articles
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of automotive interior materials. The artificial leather comprises a base cloth layer, a PVC bonding layer, a PVC compact layer and a surface layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the PVC compact layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 50-70 parts of plasticizer, 4-14 parts of infrared reflection auxiliary agent, 1-7 parts of stabilizer and 2-8 parts of color paste, the artificial leather material not only provides enough punching freedom degree and ensures higher strength after punching, but also has an infrared reflection function, and when the artificial leather material is applied to automobile interior products, the surface of the artificial leather is not heated too fast when the artificial leather material is used in hot summer.

Description

Artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to artificial leather, belongs to the technical field of automotive interior materials, and particularly relates to artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
At present, with economic development, automobile requirements are further expanded, and meanwhile, the requirements of most consumers on automobile quality and cost performance are further improved. Therefore, the competition of various large main engine plants is more and more intense, the cost reduction pressure is higher and higher, and the application of the high-performance PVC leather for replacing leather and microfiber materials on the A surface of the seat and reducing the cost becomes a trend. The PVC artificial leather material coated on the automobile seat is taken as an important visual part of an automobile, and the mechanical property, the environmental protection property and the durability of the PVC artificial leather material are widely concerned by consumers.
For automotive interior materials, it is required to have good performance indexes: mechanical property, high and low temperature aging resistance, illumination resistance, wear resistance, environmental protection, atomization property, relevant regulations and the like, wherein the wear resistance, the environmental protection property and the mechanical property residue after punching of the PVC leather for the seat surface A are currently concerned. In the existing automobile interior material market, the PVC artificial leather is widely applied to the surface of the auxiliary material area of the seat due to poor wear resistance and air permeability, and the main material area is easy to wear and break due to frequent contact with body clothes, so that the use amount is small.
Chinese invention patent application (application publication No. CN110373912A, application publication date: 2019-10-25) discloses PVC artificial leather, a preparation method thereof and an automobile seat containing the PVC artificial leather. The PVC artificial leather comprises a base cloth layer, a PVC bonding layer, a PVC foaming layer, a PVC compact layer and a surface layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the PVC bonding layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 55-90 parts of plasticizer, 1-5 parts of calcium-zinc stabilizer and 1-3 parts of AC foaming agent. The PVC artificial leather provided by the invention not only meets the technical standard of common PVC leather, but also has the advantages of high wear resistance, environmental friendliness, high strength residue after punching and the like, and meets the increasingly strict requirements of industry environmental protection regulations.
Chinese invention patent application (application publication No. CN101624783A, application publication date: 2010-1-13) discloses highly infrared-reflective polyvinyl chloride artificial leather, and in particular relates to highly infrared-reflective polyvinyl chloride artificial leather comprising a surface layer comprising a black pigment mixture of a flower black pigment and a carbon black pigment, a foam layer comprising a white titanium dioxide pigment and a polyvinyl chloride resin, and a base layer comprising polyester fibers comprising a white titanium dioxide pigment. The surface layer of the artificial leather designed by the invention projects infrared rays, and the foam layer and the base layer reflect the infrared rays, thereby reducing the temperature rise of the artificial leather of the invention.
Chinese invention patent application (application publication No. CN107237163A, application publication date: 2017-10-10) discloses a heat-reflecting artificial leather. It comprises a surface layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer which are arranged in sequence. The surface layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight; 95-105 parts of polyurethane resin, 95-105 parts of solvent, 5-10 parts of color paste and 5-15 parts of heat reflection additive, wherein the middle layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 95-105 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 5-10 parts of color paste and 5-15 parts of heat reflection additive, wherein the bottom layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 95-105 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 135-145 parts of filler, 4-6 parts of foaming agent, 5-10 parts of color paste and 5-15 parts of heat reflection additive. The heat reflection artificial leather designed by the invention can effectively reflect infrared light in sunlight, effectively control the temperature rise speed of the leather surface and reduce the leather surface temperature.
However, the above-mentioned application documents do not disclose an artificial leather material having both an infrared reflection function and an air-permeable effect even when used in summer after being perforated. Especially in hot summer, the surface temperature rise of the existing materials such as genuine leather, artificial leather and the like is obvious after a period of sunshine irradiation. In summer, the vehicle is stopped outdoors and exposed for a period of time, the temperature in the vehicle can almost reach about 65 ℃, the leather material on the seat can almost reach the same temperature, and in order to ensure the driving comfort, the vehicle often needs to be driven to start an air conditioner for cooling for a period of time, so that the energy and the time waste are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention discloses artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability and a preparation method and application thereof. Wherein, this synthetic leather material not only provides enough degree of freedom that punches, guarantees the higher intensity after punching, but also possesses the infrared reflection function, uses it to the automotive interior product, is unlikely to make its surface heating up too fast when using in hot summer, uses in winter and still possesses the heat preservation effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability, which comprises a base cloth layer, a PVC bonding layer, a PVC compact layer and a surface layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top;
the PVC dense layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 50-70 parts of plasticizer, 4-14 parts of infrared reflection auxiliary agent, 1-7 parts of stabilizer and 2-8 parts of color paste.
Further, the synthetic leather still including being located the PVC tie coat with the PVC foaming layer between the closely knit layer of PVC, the PVC foaming layer includes each raw materials of following parts by mass:
100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 60-80 parts of plasticizer, 4.8-16 parts of infrared reflection auxiliary agent, 0.5-4 parts of stabilizer, 1-10 parts of color paste, 10-20 parts of calcium carbonate filler, 5-20 parts of glass bead filler and 1-5 parts of AC foaming agent.
Furthermore, the infrared reflection auxiliary agent in the PVC foaming layer and the infrared reflection auxiliary agent in the PVC compact layer are the same and are formed by dispersing infrared reflection particles in a plasticizer DOA, and the particle size of the infrared reflection particles is 1000-1500 nm. The material of the infrared reflection particles is preferably titanium dioxide.
Further, the density of the glass bead filler is 0.25-0.6 g/cm3The grain size is 2-125 μm, the compressive strength is 5-80 Mpa, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.0534-0.10W/m.
Furthermore, the adhesive in the PVC bonding layer is polyvinyl chloride paste or polyurethane paste, the viscosity of the polyvinyl chloride paste is 12000-25000 cps, and the viscosity of the polyurethane paste is 8000-15000 cps.
Further, the polyvinyl chloride paste is prepared by mixing polyvinyl chloride, a plasticizer and other auxiliary agents, and the polyurethane paste is prepared by mixing polyurethane resin and a solvent.
Further, the base cloth layer is a suede nap layer, the suede nap layer is one of suede woven fabric, knitted fabric or non-woven fabric, and the surface density is more than or equal to 250g/m2；
The mass percent of the polyester resin in the base cloth layer is 50-70%, the mass percent of the carbamate is 30-50%, and the mass percent of the flame retardant is 2-8%.
In order to better realize the technical purpose of the invention, the invention also discloses a preparation method of the artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the artificial leather comprises a base cloth layer, a PVC bonding layer, a PVC foaming layer, a PVC compact layer and a surface layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) preparing PVC compact layer slurry, PVC foaming layer slurry, PVC bonding layer slurry and surface layer slurry according to a formula, and selecting base cloth and release paper;
2) coating the PVC compact layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on release paper at one time or multiple times, and controlling the drying temperature to be 165-205 ℃;
3) coating the PVC foaming layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on the surface of the product obtained in the step 2), and controlling the drying temperature to be 170-200 ℃;
4) coating the PVC bonding layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on the surface of the product obtained in the step 3), and then attaching a base fabric, wherein the drying temperature is controlled to be 190-205 ℃; then removing the release paper to obtain a semi-finished product of the artificial leather coating;
5) coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the artificial leather coating semi-finished product obtained in the step 4) twice, and controlling the drying temperature to be 80-120 ℃; obtaining a semi-finished product of the artificial leather surface;
6) embossing and punching the semi-finished product on the surface of the artificial leather obtained in the step 5) to obtain the artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability.
Further, the PVC compact layer slurry and/or the PVC foaming layer slurry contain an infrared reflection aid, the infrared reflection aid is formed by dispersing infrared reflection particles in a plasticizer DOA, and the particle size of the infrared reflection particles is 1000-1500 nm. In addition, the invention also discloses application of the artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability in automobile interior ornaments. In particular for applications such as car seats.
Has the advantages that:
1. the artificial leather material designed by the invention has the advantages that the base cloth layer adopts the suede nap layer, the suede nap layer has high punching freedom degree, high strength and good ventilation effect after punching can be ensured, and meanwhile, the suede nap layer also has acid resistance, alkali resistance, wear resistance and certain flame retardant property.
2. The artificial leather material designed by the invention has the infrared reflection function due to the synergistic effect of the infrared reflection auxiliary agent and the glass bead filler, cannot cause quick temperature rise when used in summer, has a certain heat preservation effect when used in winter, is applied to automotive interior products, and is favorable for ensuring the driving comfort.
3. The preparation method designed by the invention has simple process and is convenient to popularize.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an artificial leather material designed according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the manufacturing process of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a distribution diagram of each sample piece in a surface temperature rise test according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numbers in the above figures are as follows:
the PVC base fabric comprises a base fabric layer 1, a PVC bonding layer 2, a PVC foaming layer 3, a PVC dense layer 4 and a surface layer 5.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability, which structurally comprises a base cloth layer, a PVC bonding layer, a PVC compact layer and a surface layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; or as shown in the attached figure 1 of the specification, the artificial leather structure can further comprise a base cloth layer 1, a PVC bonding layer 2, a PVC foaming layer 3, a PVC compact layer 4 and a surface layer 5 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top.
The thickness of each layer is not particularly limited, and the invention only needs to ensure the smooth proceeding of the preparation process and the performance of the product.
The raw materials and the formula composition of each layer are as follows:
the base cloth layer is suede layer, which can be suede woven fabric, knitted fabric or non-woven fabric, and has surface density of 250g/m or more2The suede nap layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50-70% of carbamate: 30-50%, flame retardant: 2-8%; this imitative chamois leather fine hair layer not only possesses the high degree of freedom that punches, still possesses higher intensity and better ventilation effect after can guaranteeing to punch, and this imitative chamois leather fine hair layer still possesses acidproof, alkali-proof, wear-resisting and certain flame retardant property simultaneously.
The PVC compact layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 50-70 parts of plasticizer, 4-14 parts of infrared reflection auxiliary agent, 1-7 parts of stabilizer and 2-8 parts of color paste. The infrared reflection auxiliary agent has good compatibility with polyvinyl chloride, and the compatibility among the components in the infrared reflection auxiliary agent is also good, so that the stability is good even after long-term use, and the infrared reflection auxiliary agent can not be influenced to play the infrared reflection function.
Meanwhile, the polyvinyl chloride is preferably polyvinyl chloride powder, and the K value of the polyvinyl chloride powder is 65-80.
The plasticizer is o-benzene plasticizer, and specifically comprises one or more of DINP, DPHP, DOA, 911 and 124.
The stabilizer is calcium-zinc stabilizer.
The color paste is a common color paste, and the invention is not specially limited for explanation.
The PVC foaming layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 60-80 parts of plasticizer, 4.8-16 parts of infrared reflection auxiliary agent, 0.5-4 parts of stabilizer, 1-10 parts of color paste, 10-20 parts of calcium carbonate filler, 5-20 parts of glass bead filler and 1-5 parts of AC foaming agent;
the infrared reflection auxiliary agent and the polyvinyl chloride have good compatibility. And because the PVC foaming layer and the PVC compact layer are added with different amounts of infrared reflection aids, when sunlight irradiates the surface of the material, infrared rays in light are reflected by the PVC compact layer and the PVC foaming layer in sequence, so that the temperature rising effect of the material is not obvious, and the material can still show a cool effect when being used in summer.
Furthermore, the infrared reflection auxiliary agent in the PVC foaming layer and the infrared reflection auxiliary agent in the PVC compact layer are the same and are formed by dispersing infrared reflection particles in a plasticizer DOA, and the particle size of the infrared reflection particles is 1000-1500 nm. The material of the infrared reflection particles is preferably titanium dioxide. The titanium dioxide with the granularity forms a stably dispersed auxiliary agent in the plasticizer, and the auxiliary agent can be stably dispersed in the polyvinyl chloride, so that the infrared reflection function of the polyvinyl chloride is well exerted.
Meanwhile, the K value of the polyvinyl chloride is 55-70.
The plasticizer is o-benzene plasticizer, and specifically comprises one or more of DINP, DPHP, DOA, 911 and 124.
The stabilizer is calcium-zinc stabilizer.
The color paste is a common color paste, and the invention is not specially limited for explanation.
The density of the glass bead filler is 0.25-0.6 g/cm3The grain size is 2-125 μm, the compressive strength is 5-80 Mpa, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.0534-0.10W/m. According to the invention, a certain amount of glass beads with the physicochemical characteristics are used as fillers instead of calcium carbonate, so that the strength of the material is ensured, and meanwhile, as the glass beads are internally provided with hollow layers and externally provided with spherical shapes, the glass beads not only have a certain infrared ray reflection function together with an infrared ray reflection auxiliary agent, but also have extremely low heat conductivity, can reflect infrared rays in summer, and can have a certain heat preservation effect in winter.
In addition, the PVC tie layer consists essentially of an adhesive, which may be a polyvinyl chloride paste or a polyurethane-based paste; the polyvinyl chloride paste consists of the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 55-90 parts of plasticizer and 1-8 parts of other additives, wherein the K value of the polyvinyl chloride is 55-75; mixing the components, stirring for 10-15 minutes, and controlling the viscosity to be 12000-25000 cps to obtain the polyvinyl chloride paste.
The polyurethane paste comprises the following components in parts by mass:
100 parts of polyurethane resin and 20-70 parts of solvent, wherein the solvent is preferably toluene, the components are uniformly mixed and stirred for 30 minutes, and the viscosity is controlled to be 8000-15000 cps.
For the surface treatment layer, the surface treatment layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 parts of waterborne polyurethane polyester, 6-12 parts of a bridging agent and 1-10 parts of other auxiliary agents, wherein the waterborne polyurethane polyester is polycarbonate, the solid content is 20-35%, and the bridging agent is polycarbodiimide PCDI; the other auxiliary agents comprise a thickening agent, a defoaming agent, a leveling agent, a slipping agent and the like, and the thickening agent, the defoaming agent, the leveling agent and the slipping agent are all commonly used in the field, and the invention is not particularly limited.
In addition, the invention also discloses a preparation method of the artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability, wherein the artificial leather comprises a base cloth layer 1, a PVC bonding layer 2, a PVC foaming layer 3, a PVC compact layer 4 and a surface layer 5 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top as shown in figure 1; the whole process is shown in figure 2;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) preparing PVC compact layer slurry, PVC foaming layer slurry, PVC bonding layer slurry and surface layer slurry according to a formula, and selecting base cloth and release paper;
the PVC compact layer slurry is prepared by mixing the above components in proportion, then conveying the mixture to an internal mixer for mixing and plasticizing, and conveying the mixture to a coating and scraping station for later use after open mixing and filtering.
The PVC foaming layer slurry is prepared by mixing the above formula in proportion, then conveying the mixture to an internal mixer for mixing and plasticizing, and conveying the mixture to a coating and scraping station for later use through open mixing and filtering.
The PVC bonding layer slurry is prepared by mixing the components according to the formula proportion.
The surface layer slurry is prepared by mixing the components according to the formula proportion.
2) Coating the PVC compact layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on release paper at one time or multiple times, and controlling the drying temperature to be 165-205 ℃;
specifically, when one-time coating is adopted, the baking temperature is controlled to be 180-205 ℃, and compared with a multiple-time coating mode, the baking time is properly prolonged.
When the second coating is adopted, the baking temperature is controlled to be 165-195 ℃ after the first coating, the polyvinyl chloride surface layer I is formed after drying, the surface of the polyvinyl chloride surface layer I is continuously coated, the baking temperature is controlled to be 165-195 ℃, and the polyvinyl chloride surface layer II is formed after drying.
The coating method has the advantages of being convenient to operate by adopting one-time coating, and the coating method is favorable for ensuring the uniformity of the coating layer and exerting the synergistic effect of each component by adopting secondary coating.
3) Coating the PVC foaming layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on the surface of the product obtained in the step 2), and controlling the drying temperature to be 170-200 ℃; and preparing the PVC foaming layer.
4) Coating the PVC bonding layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on the surface of the product obtained in the step 3), and then attaching a base fabric, wherein the drying temperature is controlled to be 190-205 ℃; then removing the release paper to obtain a semi-finished product of the artificial leather coating;
5) coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the artificial leather coating semi-finished product obtained in the step 4) twice, and controlling the drying temperature to be 80-120 ℃; obtaining a semi-finished product of the artificial leather surface; specifically, roller coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the artificial leather coating semi-finished product obtained in the step 4) by using a roller, controlling the temperature to be 80-120 ℃, and drying for 30 seconds to form a water-based adhesive layer on the surface of the semi-finished product; and (3) continuously and uniformly coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the water-based adhesive layer by adopting a roller, controlling the temperature to be 80-120 ℃, and drying for 2 minutes to obtain the semi-finished product of the artificial leather surface.
6) Embossing and punching the semi-finished product on the surface of the artificial leather obtained in the step 5) to obtain the artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability. Specifically, the color, pattern and hand feeling requirements of the finished product need to be met during embossing. When punching, the holes are punched according to the hole diameter of 0.8mm or 1.0mm or 1.1mm or 1.2mm and the pitch of the holes is 5mm multiplied by 5mm or 6mm multiplied by 6mm or 7mm multiplied by 7 mm.
In order to better explain the present invention, the following detailed description is given in conjunction with specific examples.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses a preparation method of artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability, which comprises a base cloth layer, a PVC bonding layer, a PVC foaming layer, a PVC compact layer and a surface layer from bottom to top.
The PVC compact layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, wherein the K value of the polyvinyl chloride is 65, 50 parts of plasticizer which is a mixture of DPHP and DOA, 4 parts of infrared reflection aid, 1 part of stabilizer which is specifically calcium-zinc stabilizer and 2 parts of color paste;
mixing the components of the formula, stirring for 10-15 minutes → grinding by a three-roll machine → vacuumizing and stirring for 40 minutes, controlling the viscosity to be 3000-12000 cps → filtering to prepare the slurry of the polyvinyl chloride compact layer;
the PVC foaming layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 55 parts of K value, 60 parts of plasticizer which is a mixture of DPHP and DOA, 4.8 parts of infrared reflection aid, 0.5 part of stabilizer which is calcium-zinc stabilizer, 1 part of color paste, 20 parts of calcium carbonate filler, 5 parts of glass bead filler and 1 part of AC foaming agent, wherein the density of the glass bead filler is 0.25-0.6 g/cm3The particle size is 2-125 mu m, the compressive strength is 5-80 Mpa, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.0534-0.10W/m;
mixing the components of the formula, stirring for 10-15 minutes → grinding by a three-roll machine → vacuumizing and stirring for 40 minutes, controlling the viscosity to be 3000-12000 cps → filtering to prepare polyvinyl chloride foaming layer slurry;
the surface treatment layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 parts of waterborne polyurethane polyester, specifically polycarbonate, 20-30% of solid content, 6 parts of bridging agent, specifically polycarbodiimide PCDI, and 1 part of other auxiliary agents, wherein the other auxiliary agents comprise a thickening agent, a defoaming agent, a leveling agent, a slipping agent and the like, and the thickening agent, the defoaming agent, the leveling agent and the slipping agent are commonly used in the field, and the invention is not particularly limited.
The PVC bonding layer mainly comprises an adhesive, wherein the adhesive is a polyvinyl chloride paste; the polyvinyl chloride paste consists of the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 55 parts of plasticizer, specifically phthalate and 1 part of other additives, wherein the K value of the polyvinyl chloride is 55; mixing the components, stirring for 10-15 minutes, and controlling the viscosity to be 12000-25000 cps to obtain the polyvinyl chloride paste.
The base cloth layer is specifically woven chamois leather which is prepared by impregnating woven fabric with carbamate and sanding, and the areal density is 250g/m2The base cloth comprises 50% of terylene resin, 50% of carbamate and 2% of flame retardant, and can be perforated according to the requirements of molding and air permeability.
The preparation method specifically comprises the following preparation steps:
1) preparing PVC compact layer slurry, PVC foaming layer slurry, PVC bonding layer slurry and surface layer slurry according to a formula, and selecting base cloth and release paper;
the PVC compact layer slurry is prepared by mixing the above components in proportion, then conveying the mixture to an internal mixer for mixing and plasticizing, and conveying the mixture to a coating and scraping station for later use after open mixing and filtering.
The PVC foaming layer slurry is prepared by mixing the above formula in proportion, then conveying the mixture to an internal mixer for mixing and plasticizing, and conveying the mixture to a coating and scraping station for later use through open mixing and filtering.
The PVC bonding layer slurry is prepared by mixing the components according to the formula proportion.
The surface layer slurry is prepared by mixing the components according to the formula proportion.
2) Coating the PVC compact layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on release paper twice, controlling the baking temperature to be 165 ℃ after the first coating, drying to form a first polyvinyl chloride surface layer, continuously coating the surface of the first polyvinyl chloride surface layer, controlling the baking temperature to be 165 ℃, and drying to form a second polyvinyl chloride surface layer.
The adoption of secondary coating is favorable for ensuring the uniformity of the coating layer and playing the synergistic effect of all the components.
3) Coating the PVC foaming layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on the surface of the product obtained in the step 2), and controlling the drying temperature to be 170 ℃; and preparing the PVC foaming layer.
4) Coating the PVC bonding layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on the surface of the product obtained in the step 3), then attaching suede nap base cloth, controlling the drying temperature to be 190 ℃, and baking for 40-70 s; then removing the release paper to obtain a semi-finished product of the artificial leather coating;
5) coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the artificial leather coating semi-finished product obtained in the step 4) twice, specifically, roll coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the artificial leather coating semi-finished product obtained in the step 4) by using a roller, controlling the temperature to be 80 ℃, and drying for 30 seconds to form a water-based adhesive layer on the surface of the semi-finished product; and (3) continuously and uniformly coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the water-based adhesive layer by adopting a roller, controlling the temperature to be 80 ℃, and drying for 2 minutes to obtain the semi-finished product of the artificial leather surface.
6) Embossing and punching the semi-finished product on the surface of the artificial leather obtained in the step 5) to obtain the artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability. Specifically, the color, pattern and hand feeling requirements of the finished product need to be met during embossing. When punching, the holes are punched according to the aperture of 1.0mm and the pitch of the holes is 5mm multiplied by 5 mm.
Example 2
The embodiment discloses a preparation method of artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability, which comprises a base cloth layer, a PVC bonding layer, a PVC foaming layer, a PVC compact layer and a surface layer from bottom to top.
The PVC compact layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 70 parts of plasticizer, 14 parts of infrared reflection aid, 7 parts of stabilizer, specifically calcium-zinc stabilizer, and 8 parts of color paste, wherein the K value of the polyvinyl chloride is 80, the plasticizer is a mixture of DPHP and DOA, and the color paste is a calcium-zinc stabilizer;
mixing the components of the formula, stirring for 10-15 minutes → grinding by a three-roll machine → vacuumizing and stirring for 40 minutes, controlling the viscosity to be 3000-12000 cps → filtering to prepare the slurry of the polyvinyl chloride compact layer;
the PVC foaming layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, the K value of the polyvinyl chloride is 70, 80 parts of plasticizer which is a mixture of DPHP and DOA, 16 parts of infrared reflection auxiliary agent, 4 parts of stabilizer which is calcium-zinc stabilizer, 10 parts of color paste, 10 parts of calcium carbonate filler, 20 parts of glass microsphere filler and 5 parts of AC foaming agent, wherein the density of the glass microsphere filler is 0.25-0.6 g/cm3The particle size is 2-125 mu m, the compressive strength is 5-80 Mpa, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.0534-0.10W/m;
mixing the components of the formula, stirring for 10-15 minutes → grinding by a three-roll machine → vacuumizing and stirring for 40 minutes, controlling the viscosity to be 3000-12000 cps → filtering to prepare polyvinyl chloride foaming layer slurry;
the surface treatment layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 parts of waterborne polyurethane polyester, wherein the waterborne polyurethane polyester is specifically polycarbonate, the solid content is 20-30%, 12 parts of bridging agent, specifically polycarbodiimide PCDI, and 1 part of other auxiliary agents, wherein the other auxiliary agents comprise a thickening agent, a defoaming agent, a leveling agent, a slipping agent and the like, and the thickening agent, the defoaming agent, the leveling agent and the slipping agent are commonly used in the field, and the invention is not particularly limited.
The PVC bonding layer mainly comprises an adhesive, wherein the adhesive is a polyvinyl chloride paste; the polyvinyl chloride paste consists of the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 90 parts of plasticizer, specifically phthalate and 8 parts of other additives, wherein the K value of the polyvinyl chloride is 75; mixing the components, stirring for 10-15 minutes, and controlling the viscosity to be 12000-25000 cps to obtain the polyvinyl chloride paste.
The base cloth layer is specifically knitted suede, the knitted cloth is prepared by soaking carbamate and sanding, and the surface density is 300g/m2The base cloth comprises 70% of terylene resin, 30% of carbamate and 8% of flame retardant, and can be shaped and air-permeablePunching is required.
The preparation method specifically comprises the following preparation steps:
1) preparing PVC compact layer slurry, PVC foaming layer slurry, PVC bonding layer slurry and surface layer slurry according to a formula, and selecting base cloth and release paper;
the PVC compact layer slurry is prepared by mixing the above components in proportion, then conveying the mixture to an internal mixer for mixing and plasticizing, and conveying the mixture to a coating and scraping station for later use after open mixing and filtering.
The PVC foaming layer slurry is prepared by mixing the above formula in proportion, then conveying the mixture to an internal mixer for mixing and plasticizing, and conveying the mixture to a coating and scraping station for later use through open mixing and filtering.
The PVC bonding layer slurry is prepared by mixing the components according to the formula proportion.
The surface layer slurry is prepared by mixing the components according to the formula proportion.
2) Coating the PVC compact layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on release paper twice, controlling the baking temperature to be 195 ℃ after the first coating, drying to form a first polyvinyl chloride surface layer, continuously coating the surface of the first polyvinyl chloride surface layer, controlling the baking temperature to be 195 ℃, and drying to form a second polyvinyl chloride surface layer.
The adoption of secondary coating is favorable for ensuring the uniformity of the coating layer and playing the synergistic effect of all the components.
3) Coating the PVC foaming layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on the surface of the product obtained in the step 2), and controlling the drying temperature to be 200 ℃; and preparing the PVC foaming layer.
4) Coating the PVC bonding layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on the surface of the product obtained in the step 3), then attaching suede nap base cloth, controlling the drying temperature to be 205 ℃, and baking for 70 s; then removing the release paper to obtain a semi-finished product of the artificial leather coating;
5) coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the artificial leather coating semi-finished product obtained in the step 4) twice, specifically, roll coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the artificial leather coating semi-finished product obtained in the step 4) by using a roller, controlling the temperature to be 120 ℃, and drying for 30 seconds to form a water-based adhesive layer on the surface of the semi-finished product; and (3) continuously and uniformly coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the water-based adhesive layer by adopting a roller, controlling the temperature to be 120 ℃, and drying for 2 minutes to obtain the semi-finished product of the artificial leather surface.
6) Embossing and punching the semi-finished product on the surface of the artificial leather obtained in the step 5) to obtain the artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability. Specifically, the color, pattern and hand feeling requirements of the finished product need to be met during embossing. When punching, the holes are punched according to the aperture of 1.2mm and the pitch of the holes is 6mm multiplied by 6 mm.
Example 3
The embodiment discloses a preparation method of artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability, which comprises a base cloth layer, a PVC bonding layer, a PVC foaming layer, a PVC compact layer and a surface layer from bottom to top.
The PVC compact layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 70 parts of plasticizer, 10.5 parts of infrared reflection aid, 7 parts of stabilizer, specifically calcium-zinc stabilizer, and 8 parts of color paste, wherein the K value of the polyvinyl chloride is 80, the plasticizer is a mixture of DPHP and DOA;
mixing the components of the formula, stirring for 10-15 minutes → grinding by a three-roll machine → vacuumizing and stirring for 40 minutes, controlling the viscosity to be 3000-12000 cps → filtering to prepare the slurry of the polyvinyl chloride compact layer;
the PVC foaming layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, the K value of the polyvinyl chloride is 70, 80 parts of plasticizer which is a mixture of DPHP and DOA, 12 parts of infrared reflection auxiliary agent, 4 parts of stabilizer which is calcium-zinc stabilizer, 10 parts of color paste, 10 parts of calcium carbonate filler, 20 parts of glass microsphere filler and 5 parts of AC foaming agent, wherein the density of the glass microsphere filler is 0.25-0.6 g/cm3The particle size is 2-125 mu m, the compressive strength is 5-80 Mpa, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.0534-0.10W/m;
mixing the components of the formula, stirring for 10-15 minutes → grinding by a three-roll machine → vacuumizing and stirring for 40 minutes, controlling the viscosity to be 3000-12000 cps → filtering to prepare polyvinyl chloride foaming layer slurry;
the surface treatment layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 parts of waterborne polyurethane polyester, wherein the waterborne polyurethane polyester is specifically polycarbonate, the solid content is 20-30%, 12 parts of bridging agent, specifically polycarbodiimide PCDI, and 5 parts of other auxiliary agents, wherein the other auxiliary agents comprise a thickening agent, a defoaming agent, a leveling agent, a slipping agent and the like, and the thickening agent, the defoaming agent, the leveling agent and the slipping agent are commonly used in the field, and the invention is not particularly limited.
The PVC bonding layer mainly comprises an adhesive, wherein the adhesive is a polyvinyl chloride paste; the polyvinyl chloride paste consists of the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 90 parts of plasticizer, specifically phthalate and 8 parts of other additives, wherein the K value of the polyvinyl chloride is 75; mixing the components, stirring for 10-15 minutes, and controlling the viscosity to be 12000-25000 cps to obtain the polyvinyl chloride paste.
The base cloth layer is specifically knitted suede, the knitted cloth is prepared by soaking carbamate and sanding, and the surface density is 300g/m2The terylene resin component in the base cloth is 70%, the carbamate component is 30%, the flame retardant content is 8%, and the base cloth can be perforated according to the requirements of molding and air permeability.
The preparation method specifically comprises the following preparation steps:
1) preparing PVC compact layer slurry, PVC foaming layer slurry, PVC bonding layer slurry and surface layer slurry according to a formula, and selecting base cloth and release paper;
the PVC compact layer slurry is prepared by mixing the above components in proportion, then conveying the mixture to an internal mixer for mixing and plasticizing, and conveying the mixture to a coating and scraping station for later use after open mixing and filtering.
The PVC foaming layer slurry is prepared by mixing the above formula in proportion, then conveying the mixture to an internal mixer for mixing and plasticizing, and conveying the mixture to a coating and scraping station for later use through open mixing and filtering.
The PVC bonding layer slurry is prepared by mixing the components according to the formula proportion.
The surface layer slurry is prepared by mixing the components according to the formula proportion.
2) Coating the PVC compact layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on release paper twice, controlling the baking temperature to be 195 ℃ after the first coating, drying to form a first polyvinyl chloride surface layer, continuously coating the surface of the first polyvinyl chloride surface layer, controlling the baking temperature to be 195 ℃, and drying to form a second polyvinyl chloride surface layer.
The adoption of secondary coating is favorable for ensuring the uniformity of the coating layer and playing the synergistic effect of all the components.
3) Coating the PVC foaming layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on the surface of the product obtained in the step 2), and controlling the drying temperature to be 200 ℃; and preparing the PVC foaming layer.
4) Coating the PVC bonding layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on the surface of the product obtained in the step 3), then attaching suede nap base cloth, controlling the drying temperature to be 205 ℃, and baking for 70 s; then removing the release paper to obtain a semi-finished product of the artificial leather coating;
5) coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the artificial leather coating semi-finished product obtained in the step 4) twice, specifically, roll coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the artificial leather coating semi-finished product obtained in the step 4) by using a roller, controlling the temperature to be 120 ℃, and drying for 30 seconds to form a water-based adhesive layer on the surface of the semi-finished product; and (3) continuously and uniformly coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the water-based adhesive layer by adopting a roller, controlling the temperature to be 120 ℃, and drying for 2 minutes to obtain the semi-finished product of the artificial leather surface.
6) Embossing and punching the semi-finished product on the surface of the artificial leather obtained in the step 5) to obtain the artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability. Specifically, the color, pattern and hand feeling requirements of the finished product need to be met during embossing. When punching, the holes are punched according to the aperture of 1.2mm and the pitch of the holes is 6mm multiplied by 6 mm.
Example 4
The embodiment discloses a preparation method of artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability, which comprises a base cloth layer, a PVC bonding layer, a PVC foaming layer, a PVC compact layer and a surface layer from bottom to top.
The PVC compact layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 70 parts of plasticizer, 5.6 parts of infrared reflection aid, 7 parts of stabilizer, specifically calcium-zinc stabilizer, and 8 parts of color paste, wherein the K value of the polyvinyl chloride is 80, the plasticizer is a mixture of DPHP and DOA, and the color paste is calcium-zinc stabilizer;
mixing the components of the formula, stirring for 10-15 minutes → grinding by a three-roll machine → vacuumizing and stirring for 40 minutes, controlling the viscosity to be 3000-12000 cps → filtering to prepare the slurry of the polyvinyl chloride compact layer;
the PVC foaming layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, the K value of the polyvinyl chloride is 70, 80 parts of plasticizer which is a mixture of DPHP and DOA, 6.4 parts of infrared reflection aid, 4 parts of stabilizer which is calcium-zinc stabilizer, 10 parts of color paste, 10 parts of calcium carbonate filler, 20 parts of glass microsphere filler and 5 parts of AC foaming agent, wherein the density of the glass microsphere filler is 0.25-0.6 g/cm3The particle size is 2-125 mu m, the compressive strength is 5-80 Mpa, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.0534-0.10W/m;
mixing the components of the formula, stirring for 10-15 minutes → grinding by a three-roll machine → vacuumizing and stirring for 40 minutes, controlling the viscosity to be 3000-12000 cps → filtering to prepare polyvinyl chloride foaming layer slurry;
the surface treatment layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 parts of waterborne polyurethane polyester, wherein the waterborne polyurethane polyester is specifically polycarbonate, the solid content is 20-30%, 12 parts of bridging agent, specifically polycarbodiimide PCDI, and 10 parts of other auxiliary agents, wherein the other auxiliary agents comprise a thickening agent, a defoaming agent, a leveling agent, a slipping agent and the like, and the thickening agent, the defoaming agent, the leveling agent and the slipping agent are commonly used in the field, and the invention is not particularly limited.
The PVC bonding layer mainly comprises an adhesive, wherein the adhesive is a polyvinyl chloride paste; the polyvinyl chloride paste consists of the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 90 parts of plasticizer, specifically phthalate and 8 parts of other additives, wherein the K value of the polyvinyl chloride is 75; mixing the components, stirring for 10-15 minutes, and controlling the viscosity to be 12000-25000 cps to obtain the polyvinyl chloride paste.
The base cloth layer is specifically knitted suede, the knitted cloth is prepared by soaking carbamate and sanding, and the surface density is 300g/m2Base clothThe medium polyester resin component is 70%, the carbamate component is 30%, the flame retardant content is 8%, and the base cloth can be perforated according to the requirements of shaping and air permeability.
The preparation method specifically comprises the following preparation steps:
1) preparing PVC compact layer slurry, PVC foaming layer slurry, PVC bonding layer slurry and surface layer slurry according to a formula, and selecting base cloth and release paper;
the PVC compact layer slurry is prepared by mixing the above components in proportion, then conveying the mixture to an internal mixer for mixing and plasticizing, and conveying the mixture to a coating and scraping station for later use after open mixing and filtering.
The PVC foaming layer slurry is prepared by mixing the above formula in proportion, then conveying the mixture to an internal mixer for mixing and plasticizing, and conveying the mixture to a coating and scraping station for later use through open mixing and filtering.
The PVC bonding layer slurry is prepared by mixing the components according to the formula proportion.
The surface layer slurry is prepared by mixing the components according to the formula proportion.
2) Coating the PVC compact layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on release paper twice, controlling the baking temperature to be 195 ℃ after the first coating, drying to form a first polyvinyl chloride surface layer, continuously coating the surface of the first polyvinyl chloride surface layer, controlling the baking temperature to be 195 ℃, and drying to form a second polyvinyl chloride surface layer.
The adoption of secondary coating is favorable for ensuring the uniformity of the coating layer and playing the synergistic effect of all the components.
3) Coating the PVC foaming layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on the surface of the product obtained in the step 2), and controlling the drying temperature to be 200 ℃; and preparing the PVC foaming layer.
4) Coating the PVC bonding layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on the surface of the product obtained in the step 3), then attaching suede nap base cloth, controlling the drying temperature to be 205 ℃, and baking for 70 s; then removing the release paper to obtain a semi-finished product of the artificial leather coating;
5) coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the artificial leather coating semi-finished product obtained in the step 4) twice, specifically, roll coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the artificial leather coating semi-finished product obtained in the step 4) by using a roller, controlling the temperature to be 120 ℃, and drying for 30 seconds to form a water-based adhesive layer on the surface of the semi-finished product; and (3) continuously and uniformly coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the water-based adhesive layer by adopting a roller, controlling the temperature to be 120 ℃, and drying for 2 minutes to obtain the semi-finished product of the artificial leather surface.
6) Embossing and punching the semi-finished product on the surface of the artificial leather obtained in the step 5) to obtain the artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability. Specifically, the color, pattern and hand feeling requirements of the finished product need to be met during embossing. When punching, the holes are punched according to the aperture of 1.2mm and the pitch of the holes is 6mm multiplied by 6 mm.
Example 5
The embodiment discloses a preparation method of artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability, which comprises a base cloth layer, a PVC bonding layer, a PVC foaming layer, a PVC compact layer and a surface layer from bottom to top.
The PVC compact layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, wherein the K value of the polyvinyl chloride is 75, 56 parts of plasticizer which is a mixture of DPHP and 124, 6.72 parts of infrared reflection aid and 4 parts of stabilizer which is calcium-zinc stabilizer specifically and 6 parts of color paste;
mixing the components of the formula, stirring for 10-15 minutes → grinding by a three-roll machine → vacuumizing and stirring for 40 minutes, controlling the viscosity to be 3000-12000 cps → filtering to prepare the slurry of the polyvinyl chloride compact layer;
the PVC foaming layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 60 parts of K value, 66 parts of plasticizer which is a mixture of DPHP and DOA, 7.92 parts of infrared reflection aid, 2 parts of stabilizer which is calcium-zinc stabilizer, 6 parts of color paste, 14 parts of calcium carbonate filler, 10 parts of glass microsphere filler and 3 parts of AC foaming agent, wherein the density of the glass microsphere filler is 0.25-0.6 g/cm3The particle size is 2-125 mu m, the compressive strength is 5-80 Mpa, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.0534-0.10W/m;
mixing the components of the formula, stirring for 10-15 minutes → grinding by a three-roll machine → vacuumizing and stirring for 40 minutes, controlling the viscosity to be 3000-12000 cps → filtering to prepare polyvinyl chloride foaming layer slurry;
the surface treatment layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 parts of waterborne polyurethane polyester, specifically polycarbonate, 20-35% of solid content, 7 parts of bridging agent, specifically polycarbodiimide PCDI, and 10 parts of other auxiliary agents, wherein the other auxiliary agents comprise a thickening agent, a defoaming agent, a leveling agent, a slipping agent and the like, and the thickening agent, the defoaming agent, the leveling agent and the slipping agent are commonly used in the field, and the invention is not particularly limited.
The PVC bonding layer mainly comprises an adhesive, wherein the adhesive is a polyvinyl chloride paste; the polyvinyl chloride paste consists of the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 90 parts of plasticizer, specifically phthalate and 6 parts of other additives, wherein the K value of the polyvinyl chloride is 55; mixing the components, stirring for 10-15 minutes, and controlling the viscosity to be 12000-25000 cps to obtain the polyvinyl chloride paste.
The base cloth layer is specifically knitted suede, the knitted cloth is prepared by soaking carbamate and sanding, and the surface density is 350g/m2The base cloth comprises 65% of terylene resin, 35% of carbamate and 5% of flame retardant, and can be perforated according to the requirements of molding and air permeability.
The preparation method specifically comprises the following preparation steps:
1) preparing PVC compact layer slurry, PVC foaming layer slurry, PVC bonding layer slurry and surface layer slurry according to a formula, and selecting base cloth and release paper;
the PVC compact layer slurry is prepared by mixing the above components in proportion, then conveying the mixture to an internal mixer for mixing and plasticizing, and conveying the mixture to a coating and scraping station for later use after open mixing and filtering.
The PVC foaming layer slurry is prepared by mixing the above formula in proportion, then conveying the mixture to an internal mixer for mixing and plasticizing, and conveying the mixture to a coating and scraping station for later use through open mixing and filtering.
The PVC bonding layer slurry is prepared by mixing the components according to the formula proportion.
The surface layer slurry is prepared by mixing the components according to the formula proportion.
2) Coating the PVC compact layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on release paper twice, controlling the baking temperature to be 185 ℃ after the first coating, drying to form a first polyvinyl chloride surface layer, continuously coating the surface of the first polyvinyl chloride surface layer, controlling the baking temperature to be 185 ℃, and drying to form a second polyvinyl chloride surface layer.
The adoption of secondary coating is favorable for ensuring the uniformity of the coating layer and playing the synergistic effect of all the components.
3) Coating the PVC foaming layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on the surface of the product obtained in the step 2), and controlling the drying temperature to be 180 ℃; and preparing the PVC foaming layer.
4) Coating the PVC bonding layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on the surface of the product obtained in the step 3), then attaching suede nap base cloth, controlling the drying temperature to be 195 ℃, and baking for 50 s; then removing the release paper to obtain a semi-finished product of the artificial leather coating;
5) coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the artificial leather coating semi-finished product obtained in the step 4) twice, specifically, roll coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the artificial leather coating semi-finished product obtained in the step 4) by using a roller, controlling the temperature to be 100 ℃, and drying for 30 seconds to form a water-based adhesive layer on the surface of the semi-finished product; and (3) continuously and uniformly coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the water-based adhesive layer by adopting a roller, controlling the temperature to be 100 ℃, and drying for 2 minutes to obtain the semi-finished product of the artificial leather surface.
6) Embossing and punching the semi-finished product on the surface of the artificial leather obtained in the step 5) to obtain the artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability. Specifically, the color, pattern and hand feeling requirements of the finished product need to be met during embossing. When punching, the holes are punched according to the aperture of 1.1mm and the pitch of the holes is 6mm multiplied by 6 mm.
Example 6
The embodiment discloses a preparation method of artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability, which comprises a base cloth layer, a PVC bonding layer, a PVC foaming layer, a PVC compact layer and a surface layer from bottom to top.
The PVC compact layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 64 parts of plasticizer, 911 parts of plasticizer, 10.24 parts of infrared reflection aid, 5 parts of stabilizer, specifically calcium-zinc stabilizer, and 4 parts of color paste;
mixing the components of the formula, stirring for 10-15 minutes → grinding by a three-roll machine → vacuumizing and stirring for 40 minutes, controlling the viscosity to be 3000-12000 cps → filtering to prepare the slurry of the polyvinyl chloride compact layer;
the PVC foaming layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 65 parts of K value, 75 parts of plasticizer which is a mixture of DPHP and 911, 12 parts of infrared reflection auxiliary agent, 3 parts of stabilizer which is calcium-zinc stabilizer, 8 parts of color paste, 13 parts of calcium carbonate filler, 17 parts of glass bead filler and 4 parts of AC foaming agent, wherein the density of the glass bead filler is 0.25-0.6 g/cm3The particle size is 2-125 mu m, the compressive strength is 5-80 Mpa, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.0534-0.10W/m;
mixing the components of the formula, stirring for 10-15 minutes → grinding by a three-roll machine → vacuumizing and stirring for 40 minutes, controlling the viscosity to be 3000-12000 cps → filtering to prepare polyvinyl chloride foaming layer slurry;
the surface treatment layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 parts of waterborne polyurethane polyester, wherein the waterborne polyurethane polyester is specifically polycarbonate, the solid content is 20-35%, 9 parts of bridging agent is specifically polycarbodiimide PCDI, and 10 parts of other auxiliary agents are included, wherein the other auxiliary agents comprise thickening agent, defoaming agent, leveling agent, slipping agent and the like, and the thickening agent, the defoaming agent, the leveling agent and the slipping agent are all commonly used in the field, and the invention is not particularly limited.
The PVC bonding layer mainly consists of an adhesive, and the adhesive is an aqueous polyurethane paste; 100 parts of waterborne polyurethane paste, wherein about 40 percent of the waterborne polyurethane paste is a polyurethane body, 1-2 percent of weak solvent, about 58 percent of moisture and 5 parts of isocyanate bridging agent, and the waterborne polyurethane paste is mixed and stirred for 30 minutes, and the integral viscosity is controlled to be 8000-15000 cps.
The base cloth layer is specifically non-woven suede, the non-woven cloth is prepared by soaking carbamate and sanding, and the areal density is 350g/m2The base cloth comprises 68% of polyester resin, 32% of carbamate and 7% of flame retardant, and can be perforated according to the requirements of shaping and air permeability.
The preparation method specifically comprises the following preparation steps:
1) preparing PVC compact layer slurry, PVC foaming layer slurry, PVC bonding layer slurry and surface layer slurry according to a formula, and selecting base cloth and release paper;
the PVC compact layer slurry is prepared by mixing the above components in proportion, then conveying the mixture to an internal mixer for mixing and plasticizing, and conveying the mixture to a coating and scraping station for later use after open mixing and filtering.
The PVC foaming layer slurry is prepared by mixing the above formula in proportion, then conveying the mixture to an internal mixer for mixing and plasticizing, and conveying the mixture to a coating and scraping station for later use through open mixing and filtering.
The PVC bonding layer slurry is prepared by mixing the components according to the formula proportion.
The surface layer slurry is prepared by mixing the components according to the formula proportion.
2) Coating the PVC compact layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on release paper in one step, controlling the baking temperature to be 195 ℃ after coating, and drying to form a polyvinyl chloride surface layer.
3) Coating the PVC foaming layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on the surface of the product obtained in the step 2), and controlling the drying temperature to be 190 ℃; and preparing the PVC foaming layer.
4) Coating the PVC bonding layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on the surface of the product obtained in the step 3), then attaching suede nap base cloth, controlling the drying temperature to be 195 ℃, and baking for 60 ℃; then removing the release paper to obtain a semi-finished product of the artificial leather coating;
5) coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the artificial leather coating semi-finished product obtained in the step 4) twice, specifically, roll coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the artificial leather coating semi-finished product obtained in the step 4) by using a roller, controlling the temperature to be 100 ℃, and drying for 30 seconds to form a water-based adhesive layer on the surface of the semi-finished product; and (3) continuously and uniformly coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the water-based adhesive layer by adopting a roller, controlling the temperature to be 100 ℃, and drying for 2 minutes to obtain the semi-finished product of the artificial leather surface.
6) Embossing and punching the semi-finished product on the surface of the artificial leather obtained in the step 5) to obtain the artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability. Specifically, the color, pattern and hand feeling requirements of the finished product need to be met during embossing. When punching, the holes are punched according to the aperture of 0.8mm and the pitch of the holes is 5mm multiplied by 5 mm.
And (4) relevant testing:
and (3) performing temperature rise test on the surface of the material, namely irradiating the front surface (250W) of the sample by using an infrared lamp, and testing the temperature of the surface of the material by using an infrared ray warm gun after the material is irradiated for 30min and is at a distance of 40cm from the infrared lamp. And the sample distribution for each example and comparative example is shown in fig. 3.
And (3) testing air permeability: the air permeability of the material is tested according to the measurement of the air permeability of GB/T5453 fabric, and the area of a sample piece is 20cm2The pressure drop was 200 pa.
And (3) testing the strength of the material, wherein the size of the sample piece is 300 multiplied by 50mm, the sample piece is tested by adopting a universal electronic tensile machine, the jaw distance is 200mm, and the testing speed is 100 mm/min.
Heat aging conditions, through an oven to provide 85 degrees, 165 degrees test environment.
The weathering condition is provided by a weathering box, 1 cycle is 40 ℃ 95% RH16 h-20 ℃ 3 h-85 ℃ 6h, each section of program conversion is within 0.5h, and 10 cycles are performed in total.
Comparative example 1
The material has the same formula and process as those of the example 1, except that no infrared reflecting agent or glass beads are added into the PVC compact layer and the PVC foaming layer.
Comparative example 2
The material has the same formula and process as those of the example 1, except that the PVC compact layer and the PVC foaming layer are not added with infrared reflecting agents and glass beads, and the material is not perforated.
Comparative example 3
The material has the same formula and process as those of the example 2, except that the PVC compact layer and the foaming layer are directly mixed with titanium dioxide particles or zinc oxide particles according to a conventional mode, and meanwhile, the hollow glass beads in the same parts as those in the example 1 are added into the foaming layer.
Comparative example 4
The material has the same formula and process as those of the example 2, the PVC compact layer and the foaming layer are directly mixed with titanium dioxide particles or zinc oxide particles according to the conventional mode, and glass beads are not added into the foaming layer
The artificial leather prepared in the above examples 1 to 6 was tested by the above test method, and the specific test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 Performance test results for examples 1-6
Figure BDA0002507639610000241
Figure BDA0002507639610000251
As can be seen from table 1, in the artificial leather formula system for automobiles, the content of the infrared reflector system is higher in a certain range, the higher the content of the glass beads is in a certain range, the better the cooling effect is, and the cooling effect is represented by titanium dioxide with infrared reflection and the glass beads together; the infrared reflection particles are directly added into the PVC powder, so that the dispersion effect is not good, and the cooling effect and the aging effect of the obtained material are not obvious in the embodiment of the invention; the infrared reflector is reflective particles contained in a plasticizer, so that the addition amount of a reflecting system in the plasticizer is required to be within a certain proportion, and the higher the addition ratio of the infrared reflecting system is, the better the cooling effect is; the plasticizer content has no influence on the cooling effect.
Therefore, the cold and breathable artificial leather provided by the invention has an obvious cooling effect in summer, presents a cold feeling, and is influenced by the addition amount of the infrared reflection auxiliary agent; the suede base cloth keeps higher intensity after punching remaining residual, and provides higher design degree of freedom that punches, promotes synthetic leather gas permeability greatly through punching. After the material is used on an automobile seat, the material has obvious cooling and ventilating effects in summer and is high in comfort.

Claims (10)

1. An artificial leather having cool air permeability, characterized in that: the PVC fabric comprises a base cloth layer, a PVC bonding layer, a PVC compact layer and a surface layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top;
the PVC dense layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 50-70 parts of plasticizer, 4-14 parts of infrared reflection auxiliary agent, 1-7 parts of stabilizer and 2-8 parts of color paste.
2. The artificial leather having cool air permeability according to claim 1, wherein: the artificial leather further comprises a PVC foaming layer positioned between the PVC bonding layer and the PVC compact layer, wherein the PVC foaming layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 60-80 parts of plasticizer, 4.8-16 parts of infrared reflection auxiliary agent, 0.5-4 parts of stabilizer, 1-10 parts of color paste, 10-20 parts of calcium carbonate filler, 5-20 parts of glass bead filler and 1-5 parts of AC foaming agent.
3. The artificial leather having cool air permeability according to claim 2, wherein: the infrared reflection auxiliary agent in the PVC foaming layer and the infrared reflection auxiliary agent in the PVC compact layer are the same and are formed by dispersing infrared reflection particles in a plasticizer DOA, and the particle size of the infrared reflection particles is 1000-1500 nm.
4. The artificial leather having cold air permeability according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: the density of the glass bead filler is 0.25-0.6 g/cm3The grain size is 2-125 μm, the compressive strength is 5-80 Mpa, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.0534-0.10W/m.
5. Artificial leather with cooling breathability according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the adhesive in the PVC bonding layer is polyvinyl chloride paste or polyurethane paste, the viscosity of the polyvinyl chloride paste is 12000-25000 cps, and the viscosity of the polyurethane paste is 8000-15000 cps.
6. The artificial leather having cool air permeability according to claim 5, wherein: the polyvinyl chloride paste is prepared by mixing polyvinyl chloride, a plasticizer and other auxiliary agents, and the polyurethane paste is prepared by mixing polyurethane resin and a solvent.
7. Artificial leather with cold air permeability according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 6, characterized in that: the base cloth layer is a suede-like suede layer, the suede-like suede layer is one of suede-like woven fabric, knitted fabric or non-woven fabric, and the surface density is more than or equal to 250g/m2；
The mass percent of the polyester resin in the base cloth layer is 50-70%, the mass percent of the carbamate is 30-50%, and the mass percent of the flame retardant is 2-8%.
8. A preparation method of artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability is characterized by comprising the following steps: the artificial leather comprises a base cloth layer, a PVC bonding layer, a PVC foaming layer, a PVC compact layer and a surface layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) preparing PVC compact layer slurry, PVC foaming layer slurry, PVC bonding layer slurry and surface layer slurry according to a formula, and selecting base cloth and release paper;
2) coating the PVC compact layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on release paper at one time or multiple times, and controlling the drying temperature to be 165-205 ℃;
3) coating the PVC foaming layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on the surface of the product obtained in the step 2), and controlling the drying temperature to be 170-200 ℃;
4) coating the PVC bonding layer slurry obtained in the step 1) on the surface of the product obtained in the step 3), and then attaching a base fabric, wherein the drying temperature is controlled to be 190-205 ℃; then removing the release paper to obtain a semi-finished product of the artificial leather coating;
5) coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the artificial leather coating semi-finished product obtained in the step 4) twice, and controlling the drying temperature to be 80-120 ℃; obtaining a semi-finished product of the artificial leather surface;
6) embossing and punching the semi-finished product on the surface of the artificial leather obtained in the step 5) to obtain the artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability.
9. The method for preparing artificial leather having cool air permeability according to claim 8, wherein: the PVC compact layer slurry and/or the PVC foaming layer slurry contain an infrared reflection auxiliary agent, the infrared reflection auxiliary agent is formed by dispersing infrared reflection particles in a plasticizer DOA, and the particle size of the infrared reflection particles is 1000-1500 nm.
10. An application of artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability in automobile interior decoration.
CN202010451271.4A 2020-05-25 2020-05-25 Artificial leather with ice-cold air permeability and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN111607980A (en)

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