CN111607688B - Method for laser phase change hardening of surface of shot blasting machine blade - Google Patents
Method for laser phase change hardening of surface of shot blasting machine blade Download PDFInfo
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- CN111607688B CN111607688B CN202010640356.7A CN202010640356A CN111607688B CN 111607688 B CN111607688 B CN 111607688B CN 202010640356 A CN202010640356 A CN 202010640356A CN 111607688 B CN111607688 B CN 111607688B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D5/00—Heat treatments of cast-iron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for laser phase change hardening of the surface of a shot blasting machine blade, which comprises the steps of putting raw material components of the shot blasting machine blade into a medium-frequency induction resistance furnace for smelting, heating to 1535-1555 ℃, pouring the smelted molten iron into a shot blasting machine blade mould made of sand in advance for casting; cooling and molding the molten iron to obtain a shot blasting machine blade, taking the shot blasting machine blade out of the sand mold, removing sand and a casting head remained on the surface, and cleaning burrs and fins on the shot blasting machine blade; selecting laser processing parameters according to performance requirements and cooling control conditions of different areas of the shot blasting machine blade; and preheating the blades of the shot blasting machine to 120 ℃ on a laser phase change hardening device, and then carrying out phase change strengthening on the blades of the shot blasting machine according to a scanning path. The laser phase change hardening has the characteristic of 'extremely fast and extremely cold', the structure of the quenching layer of the shot blasting machine blade is changed into acicular martensite from original columnar martensite in extremely short time, and other brittle structures caused by long-time transition are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a laser phase change hardening method for the surface of a shot blasting machine blade.
Background
Currently, with the rapid development of our country's industry, wear is one of the important factors causing mechanical part failure and energy loss, and data indicate that about 30% of the world's primary energy is lost due to wear and about 70% of electromechanical devices are damaged due to various forms of wear.
The shot blasting machine is widely applied, and the shot is acted by the blades, so that the parts meet the performance requirements of certain wear resistance, high strength and the like. The blade on the impeller head is the most critical part for the whole impeller head, and the loss of the blade is aggravated due to the influence of continuous high-speed impact and periodic stress of the shot, so that the blade is the most easily ground part in the impeller head, the material cost consumed by the abrasion of the blade is continuously increased in China every year, and the cost is tens of millions, and huge economic losses are brought to the country and corresponding enterprises.
The quenching aims to convert super-cooled austenite into martensite or bainite to obtain martensite or bainite tissues, a box-type resistance furnace is adopted in the traditional quenching process of the shot blasting machine blade to quench the shot blasting machine blade, so that the wear resistance of the shot blasting machine blade is prolonged, but most enterprises also have heavy heating and light cooling in developed countries, the research and development efforts on the quenching and cooling process are not great, and the technical obstacle of the complex quenching and cooling process is avoided, so that the standard quenching and cooling process flow is not formed, the quality of the shot blasting machine blade after quenching is unstable, and even brittle fracture occurs, and the production efficiency is delayed.
In summary, to ensure that the blade has high impact toughness and hardness, the chemical components and contents in the blade material need to be controlled well, the balance between the matrix and the carbide in the microstructure of the blade needs to be ensured, and the stability of the quenching process needs to be ensured to avoid surface cracking.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a method for laser phase change hardening of the surface of a shot blasting machine blade.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the laser phase change hardening method for the surface of the shot blasting machine blade is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) putting the raw material components of the shot blasting machine blade into a medium-frequency induction resistance furnace for smelting, heating to 1535-1555 ℃, pouring the smelted molten iron into a shot blasting machine blade mould made of sand in advance for casting;
2) cooling and molding the molten iron to obtain a shot blasting machine blade, taking the shot blasting machine blade out of the sand mold, removing sand and a casting head remained on the surface, and cleaning burrs and fins on the shot blasting machine blade;
3) selecting laser processing parameters according to performance requirements and cooling control conditions of different areas of the shot blasting machine blade;
4) and preheating the blades of the shot blasting machine to 120 ℃ on a laser phase change hardening device, and then carrying out phase change strengthening on the blades of the shot blasting machine according to a scanning path.
Further, the method for laser phase change hardening of the surface of the shot blasting machine blade comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 2.8-3.2%, Cr: 4-5%, Si: 0.4-0.8%, Mn: 0.5-1.2%, P is less than or equal to 0.035%, S is less than or equal to 0.035%, Re is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the balance is Fe and chemical elements existing in common steel making.
Further, the method for laser phase change hardening of the surface of the shot blasting machine blade comprises the step of pouring the molten iron into a shot blasting machine blade mold made of sand in advance for casting when the temperature of the molten iron is reduced to 100-1420 DEG C
Further, according to the method for laser phase change hardening of the surface of the shot blasting machine blade, the performance requirements of different areas of the shot blasting machine blade are met, the shot is continuously impacted to generate cyclic stress in the working process of the shot blasting machine blade, the shot generates rolling friction and sliding friction on the shot blasting machine blade, according to the performance requirements of the shot blasting machine blade, the surface of the blade is divided into an impact area, a sliding area and a wear area, the incident angle of the shot in the impact area is 20 degrees, the incident angle of the shot in the wear area is 0 degree, the abrasion of the sliding area and the wear area is higher than that of the impact area, so that deformation of a base material and expansion and fracture failure of carbide are caused, the shot generates impact abrasive wear on the impact area and the shot blasting machine blade, the radius of the centrifugal force in the sliding area and the wear area is large, large sliding friction is generated, the sliding area and the wear area need to have high impact toughness and wear resistance, and the impact area need to have higher impact toughness and wear resistance than that of the sliding area and the sliding area, Low impact toughness and wear resistance in the wear zone.
Further, in the method for laser phase change hardening of the surface of the shot blasting machine blade, cooling conditions are controlled in different areas of the shot blasting machine blade, the longest cooling time or the smallest cooling rate for obtaining a tissue reaching a temperature is obtained according to a supercooled austenite isothermal cooling transformation curve, namely a TTT curve, or a supercooled austenite continuous cooling transformation curve, namely a CCT curve of a material, and an expected tissue within a distance range is set according to the position of one end of the shot blasting machine blade ejecting shot as a starting point; the cooling speed of the surface and the core of the shot blasting machine blade is different, the shot blasting machine blade is divided into a surface layer area, a sub-surface layer area and a core from the surface to the center along the cross section, the surface layer area obtains an expected structure by controlling the cooling speed so as to meet the requirement of mechanical property, and the sub-surface layer area and the core are cooled slowly so as to avoid the phenomenon that the martensite or bainite structure which is transformed in the cooling speed area is over-tempered due to the fact that the temperature is excessively raised, so that the use performance of the shot blasting machine blade is influenced.
Further, the laser phase change hardening method for the surface of the shot blasting machine blade is characterized in that the laser phase change hardening device comprises a workbench for carrying the shot blasting machine blade and a heater for preheating the shot blasting machine blade, a broadband scanning rotating mirror and a laser head are sequentially arranged on an output light path of the optical fiber laser, and the broadband scanning rotating mirror converts laser into broadband laser, namely linear light spots, and the broadband laser is focused on the surface of the shot blasting machine blade on the workbench through the laser head.
Further, in the method for laser phase change hardening of the surface of the shot blasting machine blade, the laser phase change hardening device is used for performing phase change strengthening on the shot blasting machine blade, and the steps are as follows:
41) carrying out blackening treatment on the shot blasting machine blade;
42) preheating the shot blasting machine blade to 120 ℃ by using a heater;
43) starting the fiber laser, enabling a light beam output by the fiber laser to enter a broadband scanning rotating mirror, converting laser into broadband laser by the broadband scanning rotating mirror, namely linear light spots, and focusing the laser on the surface of a workpiece on a workbench through a laser head;
44) and setting the processing power, scanning speed, spot size and scanning path of the laser according to the calculation result of the cooling speed of the different areas divided by the blades of the shot blasting machine.
Further, according to the laser phase change hardening method for the surface of the shot blasting machine blade, the processing power of a laser is 2.5KW, the scanning speed is 5mm/s, the spot size is 10mm multiplied by 4mm, and a non-overlapping scanning path is selected.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has obvious advantages and beneficial effects, and is embodied in the following aspects:
according to the laser phase change hardening process for the surface of the shot blasting machine blade, as the laser phase change hardening has the characteristics of being fast in heating and cooling, the quenching layer structure of the shot blasting machine blade can be changed from original columnar martensite to needle-shaped martensite in a very short time, and other brittle structures caused by long-time transition are avoided, so that the performance of the shot blasting machine blade is greatly improved;
the shot blasting machine blade obtains required performance or organization on the premise of avoiding cracking, is suitable for laser phase change hardening treatment of the surface of shot blasting machine blades with different components, and the columnar martensite on the surface is changed into needle-shaped martensite, so that the hardness, the wear resistance and the quenching depth of the shot blasting machine blade are greatly improved, the defects brought by the traditional quenching-tempering treatment technology are avoided, the residual compressive stress is generated on the surface of a material or a part, and the mechanical performance of the surface layer is improved; the efficiency of shot blasting machine is improved, and the service performance of the shot blasting machine blade is greatly improved, so that the production cost is reduced.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims thereof.
Drawings
FIG. 1: schematic diagram of a shot blasting machine blade surface laser phase change hardening device;
FIG. 2: a schematic diagram of a laser phase change hardening scanning path on the surface of the shot blasting machine blade;
FIG. 3: the process flow schematic diagram of laser phase change hardening of the surface of the shot blasting machine blade.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments will now be described in detail.
Referring to fig. 1, the laser phase change hardening device comprises a workbench 5 for carrying shot blasting machine blades 4 and a heater 6 for preheating the shot blasting machine blades, a broadband scanning rotating mirror 2 and a laser head 3 are sequentially arranged on an output light path of an optical fiber laser 1, and the broadband scanning rotating mirror 3 converts laser into broadband laser, namely linear light spots, and the broadband laser is focused on the surfaces of the shot blasting machine blades on the workbench through the laser head 3.
The laser phase change hardening method for the surface of the shot blasting machine blade, as shown in FIG. 3, comprises the following steps:
1) putting the raw material components of the shot blasting machine blade into a medium-frequency induction resistance furnace for smelting, heating to 1535-1555 ℃, cooling the smelted molten iron to 100-1420 ℃, and pouring into a shot blasting machine blade mould made of sand in advance for casting;
2) cooling and molding the molten iron to obtain a shot blasting machine blade, taking the shot blasting machine blade out of the sand mold, removing sand and a casting head remained on the surface, and cleaning burrs and fins on the shot blasting machine blade;
3) selecting laser processing parameters according to performance requirements and cooling control conditions of different areas of the shot blasting machine blade;
the method comprises the steps that different areas of the blades of the shot blasting machine are required to have high performance, the blades of the shot blasting machine are continuously impacted to generate cyclic stress, the shot generates rolling friction and sliding friction on the blades of the shot blasting machine, according to the performance requirements of the blades of the shot blasting machine, the surfaces of the blades are divided into an impact area and a sliding and abrasion area, the shot incident angle of the impact area is 20 degrees, the shot incident angle of the sliding and abrasion area is 0 degree, the abrasion of the sliding and abrasion area is higher than that of the impact area, so that deformation of a base material and expansion and fracture failure of carbide are caused, the shot generates impact abrasive material abrasion with the blades of the shot blasting machine in the impact area, the sliding and abrasion area also generates larger sliding friction due to larger acting radius of centrifugal force, the sliding and abrasion area needs to have high impact toughness and abrasion resistance, and the impact area needs to have smaller impact toughness and abrasion resistance than the sliding and abrasion area;
controlling cooling conditions in different areas of the shot blasting machine blade, obtaining the longest cooling time or the minimum cooling rate for obtaining a tissue reaching a temperature according to a supercooled austenite isothermal cooling transformation curve (TTT curve) or supercooled austenite continuous cooling transformation curve (CCT curve) of a material, and setting an expected tissue within a distance range by taking one end position of the shot ejected by the shot blasting machine blade as a starting point; the cooling speed of the surface and the core of the shot blasting machine blade is different, the shot blasting machine blade is divided into a surface layer area, a sub-surface layer area and a core from the surface to the center along the cross section, the surface layer area obtains an expected structure by controlling the cooling speed so as to meet the requirement on mechanical property, and the sub-surface layer area and the core are cooled slowly so as to avoid the phenomenon that the martensite or bainite structure which is transformed in the cooling speed area is over-tempered due to the overhigh temperature rise so as to influence the use performance of the shot blasting machine blade;
4) preheating the blades of the shot blasting machine to 120 ℃ on a laser phase change hardening device, and then carrying out phase change strengthening on the blades of the shot blasting machine according to a scanning path; the specific process steps are as follows:
41) carrying out blackening treatment on the shot blasting machine blade;
42) preheating a workpiece (shot blasting machine blade) 4 to 120 ℃ by using a heater 6;
43) starting the optical fiber laser 1, enabling a light beam output by the optical fiber laser 1 to enter a broadband scanning rotating mirror 2, converting laser into broadband laser by the broadband scanning rotating mirror 2, namely linear light spots, and focusing the laser on the surface of a workpiece (shot blasting machine blade) 4 on a workbench 5 through a laser head 3;
44) according to the calculation result of the cooling speed requirements of different areas divided by the shot blasting machine blade, the processing power of the laser is set to be 2.5KW, the scanning speed is 5mm/s, the spot size is 10mm multiplied by 4mm, and a non-lap joint scanning path is selected, as shown in figure 2.
Example (b):
when the shot blasting machine blade is subjected to phase change strengthening, a supercooled austenite isothermal cooling transformation curve (TTT curve) or supercooled austenite continuous cooling transformation curve (CCT curve) of a shot blasting machine blade material is known through a sample, and finally, laser quenching process parameters can be determined through calculation of a cooling temperature field.
S1, according to the chemical components and the content in the shot blasting machine blade, the chemical components and the mass percentage are as follows: c: 2.8-3.2%, Cr: 4-5%, Si: 0.4-0.8%, Mn: 0.5-1.2 percent of iron, less than or equal to 0.035 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.035 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Re, and the balance of Fe and chemical elements in common steel making, smelting and heating the mixture in a medium-frequency induction resistance furnace to 1535-1555 ℃, cooling the generated molten iron to 1400 ℃, and pouring the molten iron into a shot blasting machine blade mold which is made of sand in advance for casting;
s2, cooling and molding molten iron to obtain shot blasting machine blades, taking the shot blasting machine blades out of the sand mold, removing sand and casting heads remained on the surface, and cleaning burrs and fins generated on the shot blasting machine blades;
s3, selecting proper laser processing parameters according to performance requirements and cooling condition control of different areas of the shot blasting machine blade, wherein the laser power is 2.5Kw, the scanning speed is 5mm/S, and the spot size is 10mm multiplied by 4 mm;
according to the requirements of stress and service performance of the blade, the surface of the blade is divided into an impact area (the shot incident angle is 20 degrees) and a sliding and abrasion area (the shot incident angle is 0 degree), and the abrasion of the sliding and abrasion area is more serious than that of the abrasion area, so that deformation of a base material and expansion fracture failure of carbide are caused;
the shot generates impact abrasive wear with the shot blasting machine blade in the impact area, and also generates larger sliding friction in the sliding and wear area due to larger acting radius of centrifugal force, so that the sliding and wear area of the blade surface has high impact toughness and wear resistance, and the impact area has smaller impact toughness and wear resistance than the sliding and wear area, therefore, the blade surface of the sliding and wear area is predicted to contain more acicular martensite tissues than the needle martensite tissues contained in the impact area;
in combination with a super-cooled austenite isothermal cooling transformation curve (TTT curve) of the material, a proper transformation temperature and a corresponding transformation time can be selected according to a relation curve of transformation amount and transformation time in the heat preservation process of austenite cooling below a critical point A1 at different temperatures;
by combining the continuous cooling transformation curve (CCT curve) of the super-cooled austenite of the material, the laser heating is completed within a very short time interval, and the subsequent laser quenching structure cannot be influenced, so the selectable heating temperature range is wide, and a proper critical quenching speed Vc (upper critical speed) can be selected from the CCT curve, and when the cooling speed is higher than the critical quenching speed Vc, the super-cooled austenite only undergoes martensite transformation;
the method comprises the steps that a shot blasting machine blade is divided into a surface layer area, a sub-surface layer area and a core part from the surface to the center along the cross section, an expected structure in a proper distance range is set according to the position of one end, ejected out of a shot, of the shot blasting machine blade as a starting point, the surface layer area is cooled at a controlled cooling speed to obtain the expected structure so as to meet the requirement on mechanical property due to the fact that the cooling speed of the surface of the shot blasting machine blade is different from that of the core part of the shot blasting machine blade, the sub-surface layer area and the core part of the shot blasting machine blade are cooled at a slow speed, and therefore the phenomenon that the martensite or bainite structure converted in the cooling speed area is over-tempered due to the fact that the temperature rises too high is avoided, and the performance of the shot blasting machine blade is reduced;
numerical simulation is carried out on the temperature field of the shot blasting machine blade in the cooling process according to the surface heat exchange coefficient, the proper distance of the divided areas and the laser quenching processing parameters are further determined, the surface area is prevented from being brittle and cracked, and the center position is prevented from being quenched and not hardened;
s4, performing preheating treatment on a laser phase change hardening device, and performing phase change strengthening on the shot blasting machine blade according to a preset scanning path, wherein the laser phase change hardening device is shown in figure 1, and the scanning path is shown in figure 2;
sampling the shot blasting machine blades by using a wire cutting machine, removing surface impurities by using acetone, and carrying out blackening treatment and air drying by using graphite and carbon ink;
heating the blackened blades of the shot blasting machine by a heater, and heating the temperature of the blades of the shot blasting machine to 120 ℃;
starting a laser, converting laser into broadband laser by using a scanning rotating mirror, focusing on the surface of a workpiece, verifying a result calculated according to the requirement of dividing different areas of the impeller head blade into cooling speeds according to the relation between the quenching depth and the specific energy density of the laser, setting the laser power required by phase change strengthening processing of the laser to be 2.5KW, the scanning speed to be 5mm/s and the spot size to be 10mm multiplied by 4mm, adopting non-lap joint, reducing the softening of lap joints due to repeated heating, and avoiding the uneven hardness of the surface.
The shot blasting machine blades prepared in the examples were compared with shot blasting machine blades quenched in a conventional resistance furnace and shot blasting machine blades not quenched, and microhardness was measured using a vickers hardness tester, and the test results are shown in the following table:
as can be seen from the above table, the laser phase change hardening process is adopted to strengthen the surface of the shot blasting machine blade, and the hardness value is obviously improved, so that the service performance of the shot blasting machine blade is ensured.
In conclusion, the laser phase change hardening process for the surface of the shot blasting machine blade has the characteristics of being fast in heating and fast in cooling due to the fact that the laser phase change hardening process has the characteristics of being fast in heating and fast in cooling, the structure of the quenching layer of the shot blasting machine blade can be changed from original columnar martensite to needle-shaped martensite in a short time, and other brittle structures caused by long-time transition are avoided, so that the performance of the shot blasting machine blade is greatly improved;
the shot blasting machine blade obtains required performance or organization on the premise of avoiding cracking, is suitable for laser phase change hardening treatment of the surface of shot blasting machine blades with different components, and the columnar martensite on the surface is changed into acicular martensite, so that the hardness, the wear resistance and the quenching depth of the shot blasting machine blade are greatly improved, the defects brought by the traditional quenching-tempering treatment technology are avoided, the residual compressive stress is generated on the surface of a material or a part, and the mechanical performance of the surface layer is improved. The efficiency of shot blasting machine is improved, and the service performance of the shot blasting machine blade is greatly improved, so that the production cost is reduced.
It should be noted that: the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; while the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow.
Claims (5)
1. The laser phase change hardening method for the surface of the shot blasting machine blade is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) putting the raw material components of the shot blasting machine blade into a medium-frequency induction resistance furnace for smelting, heating to 1535-1555 ℃, pouring the smelted molten iron into a shot blasting machine blade mould made of sand in advance for casting;
2) cooling and molding the molten iron to obtain a shot blasting machine blade, taking the shot blasting machine blade out of the sand mold, removing sand and a casting head remained on the surface, and cleaning burrs and fins on the shot blasting machine blade;
3) selecting laser processing parameters according to performance requirements and cooling control conditions of different areas of the shot blasting machine blade;
4) preheating the blades of the shot blasting machine to 120 ℃ on a laser phase change hardening device, and then carrying out phase change strengthening on the blades of the shot blasting machine according to a scanning path, wherein the steps are as follows:
41) carrying out blackening treatment on the shot blasting machine blade;
42) preheating the shot blasting machine blade to 120 ℃ by using a heater;
43) starting the fiber laser, enabling a light beam output by the fiber laser to enter a broadband scanning rotating mirror, converting laser into broadband laser by the broadband scanning rotating mirror, namely linear light spots, and focusing the laser on the surface of a workpiece on a workbench through a laser head;
44) setting the processing power, scanning speed, spot size and scanning path of a laser according to the calculation result of the cooling speed requirements of different areas divided by the shot blasting machine blades;
the method comprises the steps that different areas of the blades of the shot blasting machine are required to have high performance, the blades of the shot blasting machine are continuously impacted to generate cyclic stress, the shot generates rolling friction and sliding friction on the blades of the shot blasting machine, according to the performance requirements of the blades of the shot blasting machine, the surfaces of the blades are divided into an impact area and a sliding and abrasion area, the shot incident angle of the impact area is 20 degrees, the shot incident angle of the sliding and abrasion area is 0 degree, the abrasion of the sliding and abrasion area is higher than that of the impact area, so that deformation of a base material and expansion and fracture failure of carbide are caused, the shot generates impact abrasive material abrasion with the blades of the shot blasting machine in the impact area, the sliding and abrasion area generates large sliding friction due to large acting radius of centrifugal force, the sliding and abrasion area needs to have high impact toughness and abrasion resistance, and the impact area needs to have smaller impact toughness and abrasion resistance than the sliding and abrasion area;
controlling cooling conditions in different areas of the shot blasting machine blade, obtaining the longest cooling time or the minimum cooling rate when the obtained tissue reaches a certain temperature according to a supercooled austenite isothermal cooling transformation curve (TTT curve) or supercooled austenite continuous cooling transformation curve (CCT curve) of the material, and setting an expected tissue in a distance range by taking one end position of the shot ejected by the shot blasting machine blade as a starting point; the cooling speed of the surface and the core of the shot blasting machine blade is different, the shot blasting machine blade is divided into a surface layer area, a sub-surface layer area and a core from the surface to the center along the cross section, the surface layer area obtains an expected structure by controlling the cooling speed so as to meet the requirement of mechanical property, and the sub-surface layer area and the core are cooled slowly, so that the phenomenon that the martensite or bainite structure converted in the cooling speed area is over-tempered due to the fact that the temperature rises back to be too high and the use performance of the shot blasting machine blade is influenced is avoided.
2. The method for laser phase change hardening of the surface of the shot blasting machine blade as recited in claim 1, wherein: the shot blasting machine blade comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 2.8-3.2%, Cr: 4-5%, Si: 0.4-0.8%, Mn: 0.5-1.2%, P is less than or equal to 0.035%, S is less than or equal to 0.035%, Re is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the balance is Fe and chemical elements existing in common steel making.
3. The method for laser phase change hardening of the surface of the shot blasting machine blade as recited in claim 1, wherein: and when the temperature of the smelted molten iron is reduced to 100-1420 ℃, pouring the molten iron into a shot blasting machine blade mould made of sand in advance for casting.
4. The method for laser phase change hardening of the surface of the shot blasting machine blade as recited in claim 1, wherein: the laser phase change hardening device comprises a workbench for carrying the shot blasting machine blades and a heater for preheating the shot blasting machine blades, a broadband scanning rotating mirror and a laser head are sequentially arranged on an output light path of the optical fiber laser, and the broadband scanning rotating mirror converts laser into broadband laser, namely linear light spots, and the broadband laser is focused on the surfaces of the shot blasting machine blades on the workbench through the laser head.
5. The method for laser phase change hardening of the surface of the shot blasting machine blade as recited in claim 1, wherein: the power of laser processing is 2.5KW, the scanning speed is 5mm/s, the spot size is 10mm multiplied by 4mm, and a non-overlapping scanning path is selected.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1034225A (en) * | 1987-11-09 | 1989-07-26 | 华中工学院 | The LASER HEAT TREATMENT of outer wall of cylinder jachet of diesel engine |
| CN100391680C (en) * | 2003-09-29 | 2008-06-04 | 浙江工业大学 | Laser strengthening process for metal leaf |
| CN101634000A (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2010-01-27 | 何汉欣 | Nickel-containing cast steel with high chromium and application thereof |
| CN103817607B (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2016-01-20 | 江苏久联冶金机械制造有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of wear-resisting shot blast machine blade |
| CN103934422B (en) * | 2014-04-08 | 2016-06-15 | 大丰市飞腾铸造机械有限公司 | A kind of casting technique of wear-resisting low pore shot blast machine blade |
| CN104120329A (en) * | 2014-08-16 | 2014-10-29 | 罗建华 | CADI blade of shot blasting machine and production process of CADI blade |
| CN105969946B (en) * | 2016-06-12 | 2018-05-04 | 江苏丰东热处理及表面改性工程技术研究有限公司 | A kind of composite treatment process of shot blasting device blades |
| CN207888468U (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-09-21 | 潍坊兴泰机械有限公司 | A kind of wear-resisting shot blast machine blade |
| WO2019186603A1 (en) * | 2018-03-31 | 2019-10-03 | Bharat Forge Limited | Nozzle guide vane and manufacturing method for the same |
| CN108977626A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-12-11 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | The laser quenching on steam turbine blade surface and ageing treatment composite strengthening method |
| KR101984062B1 (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-06-04 | (주)대코 | A Method of Manufacturing the Blade for the Impeller of a Shot Peeing Machine and a Impeller Blade |
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