CN111605013A - Preparation method of high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood Download PDFInfo
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- CN111605013A CN111605013A CN202010473491.7A CN202010473491A CN111605013A CN 111605013 A CN111605013 A CN 111605013A CN 202010473491 A CN202010473491 A CN 202010473491A CN 111605013 A CN111605013 A CN 111605013A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/001—Heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K1/00—Damping wood
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/08—Impregnating by pressure, e.g. vacuum impregnation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/08—Impregnating by pressure, e.g. vacuum impregnation
- B27K3/10—Apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/0085—Thermal treatments, i.e. involving chemical modification of wood at temperatures well over 100°C
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/04—Combined bleaching or impregnating and drying of wood
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
- B27M1/06—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by burning or charring, e.g. cutting with hot wire
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
- B27M1/08—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by multi-step processes
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood, and belongs to the technical field of wood processing. In the wood thermal modification treatment process, firstly, the hemicellulose is subjected to deacetylation to release acetic acid, the hemicellulose and cellulose polysaccharide are further degraded under the catalytic action of organic acid, the cellulose crystallinity is increased due to the degradation of cellulose in an amorphous area, the lignin is split into aldehydes such as formaldehyde, furfural and the like, the organic acid and the warp base of the wood cell wall are subjected to acetification reaction to form cross-linking between lignin and carbohydrate, hydrophilic hydroxyl is reduced, the corrosion resistance is improved, and after the wood board is subjected to deep carbonization treatment, the molecular structure of the wood is recombined to different degrees, part of hydrophilic groups on the basic molecular structure of the glucose group of the wood board are converted into ether bonds to release water, thereby destroying the molecular structure of glucose, leading the water content of the carbonized wood to reach the fiber saturation point through temperature reduction and moisture preservation treatment, and reinforcing by using an aluminum silicon reinforcing agent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a preparation method of high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood, and belongs to the technical field of wood processing.
Background
Carbonized wood is called physical "anticorrosive wood" and is also called heat-treated wood. The carbonized wood has a history of more than ten years of use in Europe, and is introduced into China in 5 years, and is deeply favored by users due to the superior performance of the carbonized wood different from common wood and environmental protection. The carbonized wood is obtained by performing long-time pyrolysis treatment on wood at high temperature of 180-250 ℃. The carbonized wood treated by high temperature has prominent texture, luxurious color and woody fragrance, and is a noble decorative material.
The wood is divided into outdoor carbonized wood and indoor carbonized wood according to the using environment. According to the using function, the carbonized wood for decoration and the carbonized wood for structure are divided. The surface carbonized wood is baked by an oxygen welding gun, so that the surface of the wood is provided with a thin carbonized layer, the change of the performance of the wood can be similar to the paint of the wood, but the concave-convex wood grain on the surface can be highlighted, and the three-dimensional effect is generated. The application aspect focuses on handicraft, finishing materials and aquarium products. Also called as process carbonized wood and charcoal burned wood. Deeply carbonized wood is also called fully carbonized wood, homogeneous carbonized wood. The wood treated by the high-temperature carbonization technology at the temperature of about 200 ℃ has better functions of corrosion prevention and insect prevention because the nutrient components of the wood are damaged, has better physical properties because the hemicellulose of the water-absorbing functional group is recombined, is a real green and environment-friendly product, does not contain any harmful substance although the product has the performances of corrosion prevention and insect prevention, not only prolongs the service life of the wood, but also does not have any negative influence on human bodies, animals and environment in the use process and after the waste treatment in the production process.
Deeply carbonized wood has nearly ten years of experience in europe and is the main generation product after CCA-prohibited preservation of wood. The carbonization production process principle is that wood is rapidly heated to 100 ℃, the moisture content of the wood is dried to 3-4% through the drying process, and the temperature of the wood is heated to 190-212 ℃ according to different carbonization grade requirements; then the temperature in the drying kiln is reduced to be lower than 100 ℃; the water vapor replaces air to fill the whole drying kiln. After the carbonization and cooling processes, the wood absorbs water vapor, the water content is improved, and the wood is cooled after being stabilized.
In most of the conventional deep-carbonized woods, a deep-carbonized wood is obtained by performing a deep-carbonized treatment at a high temperature, and the deep-carbonized treatment is not only a depth of a geometric dimension but mainly includes a depth of a carbonization degree, that is, a degree of a carbonization ratio. For example, Chinese patent application (publication No. CN 101069972A) discloses a method for heat-treating carbonized wood, which comprises drying a material with a water content of 12% or less by a conventional method, preheating at 50-80 deg.C, heating to 95-105 deg.C at a speed of 10-18 deg.C/h, heating to 120-130 deg.C at a speed of 3-8 deg.C/h, drying until the water content is reduced to 0%, and carbonizing at high temperature to obtain carbonized wood. However, the carbonized wood after the carbonization treatment has the following defects: firstly, in the aspect of wet expansion resistance, although the wet expansion rate is greatly reduced, in rainy seasons, the indoor relative humidity can possibly reach more than 95 percent or serious deformation can still occur after the carbonized wood floor is repeatedly washed by water, and the corrosion resistance is general; secondly, the strength and the surface hardness are reduced after the deep carbonization treatment, so that the carbon powder on the surface is easy to fall off.
Therefore, the invention of the carbonized wood with good corrosion resistance and high strength is necessary for the technical field of wood processing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem and provides a preparation method of high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood aiming at the defects that the existing carbonized wood still contains cellulose and lignin, has certain water absorption characteristic and general anticorrosive property, and the carbonized wood on the market has limited strength and hardness and cannot expand the market.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the log board between the laminas of the carbonization box, filling ammonia water solution in a crucible below the carbonization box, heating to 130-140 ℃, continuing to heat to 190-200 ℃ after the relative humidity of air in the carbonization box rises to 80-90 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for 3-4 hours to obtain the thermally modified wood;
(2) placing the thermally modified wood board into a carbonization kiln, preheating to 80-90 ℃, drying for 2-3 hours to obtain an absolutely dry wood board, continuously heating, preserving heat for deep carbonization, then cooling to 100-130 ℃, humidifying, and cooling to 40-50 ℃ for moisturizing to obtain fiber saturated wet carbonized wood;
(3) placing the fiber saturated wet carbonized wood in an impregnation tank, vacuumizing the impregnation tank, injecting an aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent to completely immerse the aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent, impregnating for 1-4 h under vacuum pressure, emptying, discharging the aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent, adding a protein binder into the impregnation tank, pressurizing, continuously impregnating for 2-3 h, taking out, placing in a ventilation place, and airing to obtain the high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood;
the preparation method of the protein adhesive comprises the following specific steps:
adding 180-200 parts by weight of distilled water into a four-neck flask, adjusting the pH to 9-10 by using a 35% sodium hydroxide solution, heating to 90-100 ℃, adding 40-50 parts by weight of soybean meal, carrying out heat preservation and stirring for 10-15 min, cooling to 60-70 ℃, then adding 10-12 parts by weight of phenol, carrying out heat preservation for 15-20 min, adding 100-120 parts by weight of a 30% formaldehyde aqueous solution, reacting for 1-2 h, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a protein binder;
the aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent is prepared by the following specific steps:
dispersing 20-30 parts by weight of light calcined bauxite into 100-150 parts by weight of water, stirring and dispersing to prepare a dispersion liquid, adding a phosphoric acid solution with the mass fraction of 20% into the dispersion liquid, adjusting the pH value of the dispersion liquid to 5-6 to obtain an aluminum-containing liquid, and mixing the aluminum-containing liquid and silicon dioxide hydrosol slurry to obtain the aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent.
The mass fraction of the ammonia water solution used in the specific preparation step (1) of the high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood is preferably 20%.
The raw wood board in the specific preparation step (1) of the high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood is preferably a softwood board, and can be one of a masson pine board, a larch board, a Korean pine board and a spruce board.
The deep carbonization treatment temperature in the specific preparation step (2) of the high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood is controlled to be 195-220 ℃.
The high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood is characterized in that the relative humidity of air in a carbonization kiln is controlled to be 90-95% in the process of moisturizing in the step (2).
The internal pressure of the impregnation tank after the high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood is vacuumized in the step (3) is controlled to be 0.003-0.005 MPa.
The pressure of the high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood is controlled to be 2.0-2.5 MPa when the protein binder is added and the wood is pressurized and impregnated in the specific preparation step (3).
The raw materials of the protein binder in the specific preparation step comprise, by weight, 180-200 parts of distilled water, 35% sodium hydroxide solution, 40-50 parts of soybean meal, 10-12 parts of phenol and 100-120 parts of 30% formaldehyde aqueous solution.
The aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent is prepared by mixing aluminum-containing liquid and silicon dioxide hydrosol slurry in a volume ratio of 2: 1.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) in the wood thermal modification treatment process, firstly, the hemicellulose is subjected to deacetylation to release acetic acid, under the catalytic action of organic acid, the hemicellulose and cellulose polysaccharide are further degraded, the cellulose crystallinity is increased due to the degradation of cellulose in an amorphous area, lignin is split into aldehydes such as formaldehyde, furfural and the like, condensation polymerization and crosslinking reaction are simultaneously carried out, quinone and ketone are formed, the color is deepened, the content is increased, the cellulose participates in the degradation reaction with the increase of the concentration of the organic acid, the molecular weight is reduced, the crystallinity is increased, the organic acid and the warp base of the wood cell wall are subjected to acetification reaction to form crosslinking between lignin and carbohydrate, hydrophilic hydroxyl is also reduced, the corrosion resistance is improved, and an ammonia water solution is used in the thermal modification process to enable the acetic acid and ammonia gas generated in the thermal modification process to react to reduce the concentration of acetic acid vapor, thereby improving the degradation rate of hemicellulose, and the hemicellulose is a nutrient substance which is easier to decompose and utilize in the wood, so that the wood preservative property is improved in the aspect of microorganisms;
(2) the invention can make the molecular structure of the wood get different degrees of recombination after the deep carbonization treatment, and make part of the hydrophilic groups on the basic molecular structure of the glucose group of the wood board convert into ether bonds to release water, thereby destroying the molecular structure of glucose, and the dry shrinkage and wet swelling characteristics of the hydrophilicity are reduced in the wood fiber and the lignin, and simultaneously the nutrition components of the nourishing organism are lost, thereby being capable of preventing shrinkage and swelling and immunizing entomogenous fungi, but the wood has certain quality loss after the thermal modification and the deep carbonization treatment, and the hardness and the strength can be reduced, therefore, the invention uses the needle-leaved wood with low acetyl content, and the moisture content of the carbonized wood reaches the fiber saturation point through the temperature reduction and moisture retention treatment and is enhanced by using the aluminum silicon reinforcing agent, thereby the aluminum silicon reinforcing agent can better penetrate into the carbonized wood, and the effect of improving the strength and the hardness of the carbonized wood is achieved, the protein adhesive for pressure impregnation is waterproof resin generated by the reaction of hydroxymethylated protein and phenol, can effectively fill wood cracks, is adhesive and reinforced, and has wide application prospect.
Detailed Description
Placing a log board between laminas of a carbonization box, filling an ammonia water solution with the mass fraction of 20% into a crucible below the carbonization box, heating to 130-140 ℃, continuing to heat to 190-200 ℃ when the relative humidity of air in the carbonization box is increased to 80-90 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for 3-4 hours to obtain a thermally modified wood, wherein the log board is preferably a needle-leaved wood board and can be one of a masson pine board, a larch board, a Korean pine board and a spruce board; placing the thermally modified wood into a carbonization kiln, preheating to 80-90 ℃, drying for 2-3 hours to obtain an absolutely dry wood plate, continuously heating to 195-220 ℃, preserving heat, performing deep carbonization treatment, then cooling to 100-130 ℃, performing humidification treatment, controlling the relative humidity of air in the carbonization kiln to be more than 90-95%, and then cooling to 40-50 ℃ for moisturizing treatment to obtain fiber saturated wet carbonized wood for later use; adding 180-200 parts by weight of distilled water into a four-neck flask, adjusting the pH to 9-10 by using a 35% sodium hydroxide solution, heating to 90-100 ℃, adding 40-50 g of soybean meal, carrying out heat preservation and stirring for 10-15 min, cooling to 60-70 ℃, then adding 10-12 parts of phenol, carrying out heat preservation for 15-20 min, adding 100-120 parts of a 30% formaldehyde aqueous solution, reacting for 1-2 h, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a protein binder for later use; dispersing 20-30 parts by weight of light-burned bauxite in 100-150 parts by weight of water, stirring and dispersing to prepare a dispersion liquid, adding a phosphoric acid solution with the mass fraction of 20% into the dispersion liquid, adjusting the pH value of the dispersion liquid to be 5-6 to obtain an aluminum-containing liquid, and mixing the aluminum-containing liquid and silicon dioxide hydrosol slurry according to the volume ratio of 2: 1 to obtain an aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent; and (2) placing the standby fiber saturated wet carbonized wood in an impregnation tank, vacuumizing the impregnation tank to 0.003-0.005 MPa, injecting the aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent to completely immerse the aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent, impregnating for 1-4 h under vacuum pressure, then emptying, draining the aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent, adding the standby protein binder into the impregnation tank, pressurizing to 2.0-2.5 MPa, continuing to impregnate for 2-3 h, taking out, placing in a ventilation place, and airing to obtain the high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood.
Example 1
The raw wood board is preferably: masson pine board
Preparing fiber saturated wet carbonized wood:
placing the masson pine boards between the laminas of the carbonization box, filling an ammonia water solution with the mass fraction of 20% into a crucible below the carbonization box, heating to 130 ℃ firstly, continuing to heat to 190 ℃ when the relative humidity of air in the carbonization box rises to 80%, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for 3 hours to obtain the thermally modified wood;
placing the thermally modified wood into a carbonization kiln, preheating and heating to 80 ℃, drying for 2h to obtain an absolutely dry wood plate, continuously heating to 195 ℃, preserving heat for deep carbonization, then cooling to 100 ℃, humidifying, controlling the relative humidity of air in the carbonization kiln to be more than 90%, and cooling to 40 ℃ for moisturizing to obtain fiber saturated wet carbonized wood for later use;
preparation of protein binder:
adding 180 parts by weight of distilled water into a four-neck flask, adjusting the pH to 9 by using a 35% sodium hydroxide solution, heating to 90 ℃, adding 40g of soybean meal, carrying out heat preservation and stirring treatment for 10min, cooling to 60 ℃, then adding 10 parts of phenol, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 15min, then adding 100 parts of a 30% formaldehyde aqueous solution, reacting for 1h, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a protein binder for later use;
preparing high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood:
dispersing 20 parts by weight of light-burned bauxite in 100 parts by weight of water, stirring and dispersing to prepare a dispersion liquid, adding a phosphoric acid solution with the mass fraction of 20% into the dispersion liquid, adjusting the pH value of the dispersion liquid to be 5 to obtain an aluminum-containing liquid, and mixing the aluminum-containing liquid and silica hydrosol slurry according to the volume ratio of 2: 1 to obtain an aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent;
and (2) placing the standby fiber saturated wet carbonized wood in an impregnation tank, vacuumizing the impregnation tank to 0.003MPa, injecting the aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent to completely immerse the aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent, impregnating for 1 hour under vacuum pressure, emptying, draining the aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent, adding the standby protein binder into the impregnation tank, pressurizing to 2.0MPa, continuing impregnating for 2 hours, taking out, placing in a ventilation place, and airing to obtain the high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood.
Example 2
The raw wood board is preferably: larch board
Preparing fiber saturated wet carbonized wood:
placing larch plates between the laminas of a carbonization box, filling an ammonia water solution with the mass fraction of 20% into a crucible below the carbonization box, heating to 135 ℃, continuing to heat to 195 ℃ when the relative humidity of air in the carbonization box rises to 85 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for 3.5 hours to obtain thermally modified wood;
placing the thermally modified wood into a carbonization kiln, preheating and heating to 85 ℃, drying for 2.5 hours to obtain an absolutely dry wood plate, continuously heating to 210 ℃, preserving heat, performing deep carbonization treatment, then cooling to 115 ℃, performing humidification treatment, controlling the relative humidity of air in the carbonization kiln to be more than 92%, and then cooling to 45 ℃ for moisturizing treatment to obtain fiber saturated wet carbonized wood for later use;
preparation of protein binder:
adding 190 parts of distilled water into a four-neck flask, adjusting the pH to 9 by using a 35% sodium hydroxide solution, heating to 95 ℃, adding 45g of soybean meal, carrying out heat preservation and stirring treatment for 12min, cooling to 65 ℃, then adding 11 parts of phenol, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 17min, then adding 110 parts of a 30% formaldehyde aqueous solution, reacting for 1.5h, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a protein binder for later use;
preparing high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood:
dispersing 25 parts by weight of light-burned bauxite in 120 parts by weight of water, stirring and dispersing to prepare a dispersion liquid, adding a phosphoric acid solution with the mass fraction of 20% into the dispersion liquid, adjusting the pH value of the dispersion liquid to be 5 to obtain an aluminum-containing liquid, and mixing the aluminum-containing liquid and silica hydrosol slurry according to the volume ratio of 2: 1 to obtain an aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent;
and (2) placing the standby fiber saturated wet carbonized wood in an impregnation tank, vacuumizing the impregnation tank to 0.004MPa, injecting the aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent to completely immerse the aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent, impregnating for 2 hours under vacuum and negative pressure, emptying, draining the aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent, adding the standby protein binder into the impregnation tank, pressurizing to 2.2MPa, continuing to impregnate for 2.5 hours, taking out, placing in a ventilation place, and airing to obtain the high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood.
Example 3
The raw wood board is preferably: korean pine wood board
Preparing fiber saturated wet carbonized wood:
placing Korean pine boards between the laminas of a carbonization box, filling an ammonia water solution with the mass fraction of 20% into a crucible below the carbonization box, heating to 140 ℃ firstly, continuing to heat to 200 ℃ when the relative humidity of air in the carbonization box rises to 90%, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for 4 hours to obtain thermally modified wood;
placing the thermally modified wood into a carbonization kiln, preheating and heating to 90 ℃, drying for 3 hours to obtain an absolutely dry wood plate, continuously heating to 220 ℃, preserving heat, performing deep carbonization, then cooling to 130 ℃, performing humidification treatment, controlling the relative humidity of air in the carbonization kiln to be more than 95%, and then cooling to 50 ℃ for moisturizing treatment to obtain fiber saturated wet carbonized wood for later use;
preparation of protein binder:
adding 200 parts by weight of distilled water into a four-neck flask, adjusting the pH value to 10 by using a 35% sodium hydroxide solution, heating to 100 ℃, adding 50g of soybean meal, carrying out heat preservation and stirring treatment for 15min, cooling to 70 ℃, then adding 12 parts of phenol, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 20min, adding 120 parts of a 30% formaldehyde aqueous solution, reacting for 2h, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a protein binder for later use;
preparing high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood:
dispersing 30 parts by weight of light-burned bauxite in 150 parts by weight of water, stirring and dispersing to prepare a dispersion liquid, adding a phosphoric acid solution with the mass fraction of 20% into the dispersion liquid, adjusting the pH value of the dispersion liquid to be 6 to obtain an aluminum-containing liquid, and mixing the aluminum-containing liquid and silica hydrosol slurry according to the volume ratio of 2: 1 to obtain an aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent;
and (2) placing the standby fiber saturated wet carbonized wood in an impregnation tank, vacuumizing the impregnation tank to 0.005MPa, injecting the aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent to completely immerse the aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent, impregnating for 4 hours under vacuum and negative pressure, emptying, draining the aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent, adding the standby protein binder into the impregnation tank, pressurizing to 2.5MPa, continuing to impregnate for 3 hours, taking out, placing in a ventilation place, and airing to obtain the high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood.
Comparative example 1: essentially the same procedure as in example 2 was followed except that the protein binder was absent.
Comparative example 2: essentially the same procedure as in example 2, except that high strength, corrosion resistant, carbonized wood was absent.
Comparative example 3: high-strength antiseptic carbonized wood produced by Zhejiang company.
Water absorption: the carbonized wood is soaked in water for 10 days, and then the ratio of the increased mass to the original mass is tested.
Hardness test is expressed in pencil hardness.
The physical and mechanical properties of the carbonized wood are measured according to the national standard GB/T1927-1991 test method for physical and mechanical properties of wood.
And (3) fungal corrosion resistance test: the carbonized wood in the examples and comparative examples was inoculated with wood-rot fungi and allowed to attack wood, and the weight loss rate of the carbonized wood was measured after 24 hours.
Table 1: results of measurement of properties of carbonized wood
| Detecting items | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 |
| Water absorption (%) | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 3.0 | 2.2 | 2.0 |
| Hardness of pencil | 4H | 4H | 4H | H | HB | H |
| Static bending strength (MPa) | 63 | 66 | 68 | 45 | 40 | 48 |
| Weight loss ratio (%) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 1.8 |
From the above, it can be seen from table 1 that the carbonized wood of the present invention has low water absorption, high hardness, high static bending strength, good fungal corrosion resistance, low weight loss rate, and wide application prospect.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, but rather as the subject matter of the invention is to be construed in all aspects and as broadly as possible, and all changes, equivalents and modifications that fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood is characterized by comprising the following specific preparation steps:
(1) placing the log board between the laminas of the carbonization box, filling ammonia water solution in a crucible below the carbonization box, heating to 130-140 ℃, continuing to heat to 190-200 ℃ after the relative humidity of air in the carbonization box rises to 80-90 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for 3-4 hours to obtain the thermally modified wood;
(2) placing the thermally modified wood board into a carbonization kiln, preheating to 80-90 ℃, drying for 2-3 hours to obtain an absolutely dry wood board, continuously heating, preserving heat for deep carbonization, then cooling to 100-130 ℃, humidifying, and cooling to 40-50 ℃ for moisturizing to obtain fiber saturated wet carbonized wood;
(3) placing the fiber saturated wet carbonized wood in an impregnation tank, vacuumizing the impregnation tank, injecting an aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent to completely immerse the aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent, impregnating for 1-4 h under vacuum pressure, emptying, discharging the aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent, adding a protein binder into the impregnation tank, pressurizing, continuously impregnating for 2-3 h, taking out, placing in a ventilation place, and airing to obtain the high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood;
the preparation method of the protein adhesive comprises the following specific steps:
adding 180-200 parts by weight of distilled water into a four-neck flask, adjusting the pH to 9-10 by using a 35% sodium hydroxide solution, heating to 90-100 ℃, adding 40-50 parts by weight of soybean meal, carrying out heat preservation and stirring for 10-15 min, cooling to 60-70 ℃, then adding 10-12 parts by weight of phenol, carrying out heat preservation for 15-20 min, adding 100-120 parts by weight of a 30% formaldehyde aqueous solution, reacting for 1-2 h, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a protein binder;
the aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent is prepared by the following specific steps:
dispersing 20-30 parts by weight of light calcined bauxite into 100-150 parts by weight of water, stirring and dispersing to prepare a dispersion liquid, adding a phosphoric acid solution with the mass fraction of 20% into the dispersion liquid, adjusting the pH value of the dispersion liquid to 5-6 to obtain an aluminum-containing liquid, and mixing the aluminum-containing liquid and silicon dioxide hydrosol slurry to obtain the aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent.
2. The preparation method of the high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass fraction of the ammonia water solution used in the specific preparation step (1) of the high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood is preferably 20%.
3. The preparation method of the high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood according to claim 1, characterized in that: the raw wood board in the specific preparation step (1) of the high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood is preferably a softwood board, and can be one of a masson pine board, a larch board, a Korean pine board and a spruce board.
4. The preparation method of the high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood according to claim 1, characterized in that: the deep carbonization treatment temperature in the specific preparation step (2) of the high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood is controlled to be 195-220 ℃.
5. The preparation method of the high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood is characterized in that the relative humidity of air in a carbonization kiln is controlled to be 90-95% in the process of moisturizing in the step (2).
6. The preparation method of the high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood according to claim 1, characterized in that: the internal pressure of the impregnation tank after the high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood is vacuumized in the step (3) is controlled to be 0.003-0.005 MPa.
7. The preparation method of the high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pressure of the high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood is controlled to be 2.0-2.5 MPa when the protein binder is added and the wood is pressurized and impregnated in the specific preparation step (3).
8. The preparation method of the high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood according to claim 1, characterized in that: the raw materials of the protein binder in the specific preparation step comprise, by weight, 180-200 parts of distilled water, 35% sodium hydroxide solution, 40-50 parts of soybean meal, 10-12 parts of phenol and 100-120 parts of 30% formaldehyde aqueous solution.
9. The preparation method of the high-strength anticorrosive carbonized wood according to claim 1, characterized in that: the aluminum-silicon reinforcing agent is prepared by mixing aluminum-containing liquid and silicon dioxide hydrosol slurry in a volume ratio of 2: 1.
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