CN109366670A - A kind of processing method of rapid densification charing enhancing wood performance - Google Patents
A kind of processing method of rapid densification charing enhancing wood performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN109366670A CN109366670A CN201811538964.6A CN201811538964A CN109366670A CN 109366670 A CN109366670 A CN 109366670A CN 201811538964 A CN201811538964 A CN 201811538964A CN 109366670 A CN109366670 A CN 109366670A
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- Prior art keywords
- timber
- wood
- charing
- processing method
- stainless steel
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
- B27M1/06—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by burning or charring, e.g. cutting with hot wire
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/001—Heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
- B27M1/08—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by multi-step processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
- B27K2240/70—Hydrophobation treatment
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of processing method of rapid densification charing enhancing wood performance of the present invention, comprising the following steps: (1) by the drying of wood；(2) timber is put on stainless steel electric boiling plate, is placed in above timber with one block of perforated metal, carrying out heating pressurization compression to timber makes the rate control of timber in 6%-25%, the pressure state is maintained to be heat-treated 1-30min, cooling, release, obtaining closely knit charing enhances timber.Processing method of the invention realizes the compression compact of timber, density increases, and then enhances the surface hardness and the bending strength of wood of timber, i.e. the mechanical property of timber is improved while handling the carbonization of wood.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to treating of wood field more particularly to a kind of processing sides of rapid densification charing enhancing wood performance
Method.
Background technique
Due to timber resource shortage, timber industry is increasingly dependent on fast growing wood and juvenile wood.However, fast growing wood and young age
There are many natural defects for material: there is more free hydroxyl group and some polar functional groups and capillary in cell wall,
Enter timber such that regardless of be that vaporous water or liquid water can be easy, cause timber in processing use process by
In moisture absorption or desorption cause wood dimensional stability it is poor, due to moisture invade and cause durability poor；Meanwhile wood
Material is also easy to produce rupture, buckling deformation phenomenon, and apt to rot, easy mildew.For this purpose, wood-processing industry always searches for high efficiency, low
The good wood processing treatment mode of cost, sustainable and effect, to reduce the effect of timber or wood-based plate moisture, thus to mention
The dimensional stability of high timber, enhancing fungus-proof antisepsis, durability etc., the service life of prolonging wood widens the use of timber
Range.
Charing process technology is considered as the effective ways for reducing Wood moisture and absorbing.Charing process makes the ingredient of timber
(such as hemicellulose and amorphous cellulose) preferential degradation, greatly reduces the hydroxyl quantity in timber.Due to hemicellulose and
Amorphous cellulose is the ingredient that hydroxyl quantity is most in timber, and hydroxyl passes through physics Hydrogenbond adsorbed water molecule.Therefore,
Charing process effectively reduces the moisture absorption of timber, and it is more preferable than the hydrophobicity of untreated material to handle material.Currently used wood
Material charing method is mostly pot type, kiln formula.Timber burns during high temperature carbonization in order to prevent, and pot type, the kiln formula carbonization of wood are equal
It needs to carry out in the absence of oxygen, such as uses normal pressure overheat steam, high pressure superheated steam, hot oil or nitrogen.At these charings
It is big to manage method and process equipment investment, the production cycle is long (generally at least needing 48h), and charring process is complicated, high production cost, thermal energy
Consumption is big, and risk is big, and generates a large amount of volatile matter during the carbonization of wood and can be blended in steam and be discharged into atmosphere and cause greatly
Gas pollution.Meanwhile the defect that timber generates in carbonization process is also more serious, as knot falls off, deform, crack, parting bead becomes
Color, color difference etc.；Density of wood, bending strength, toughness and nail-holding ability reduce after these method charing process, affect
The service performance of timber.Therefore, research and develop that a kind of at low cost, high efficiency, sustainable, effect is good and it is excellent simultaneously to handle wood performance
And harmless Wood treatment method has been particularly important to human and environment.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of to mention in background above technology and defect, provide one
The processing method of kind rapid densification charing enhancing wood performance.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical solution proposed by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of processing method of rapid densification charing enhancing wood performance, comprising the following steps:
(1) by the drying of wood；
(2) timber is put on stainless steel electric boiling plate, is placed in above timber with one block of perforated metal, timber is carried out
Heating pressurization compression makes the rate control of timber in 6%-25%, and the pressure state is maintained to be heat-treated 1-30min, cooling, unloads
Pressure, obtaining closely knit charing enhances timber.One piece of perforated metal is innovatively arranged in the present invention above timber between pressurizing device
Plate, for adjusting the vapor in heat treatment process.
Above-mentioned processing method, it is preferred that place timber again after the stainless steel heater plate to set temperature.Work as wood
After material is put on heat treatment plate, the temperature of heating plate can be transmitted in timber rapidly, be brought rapidly up timber, the hydroxyl in timber
Concentration, polysaccharide of base etc. are reduced, and complicated variation occurs for chemical structure, reduces the hygroscopicity of timber, reduce the expansion of timber with
It shrinks, improves the dimensional stability of carbonized wood；High temperature carbonization processing makes the nutritional ingredient of domestomycetes destroy, lose, to reach
To corrosion-resistant purpose；Timber has also carried out compression compactization processing while charing, and densification processing makes to become between wood cell
Must be closer, the density and hardness of timber significantly improves, and then improve the supine human body of timber, bending strength etc..
Above-mentioned processing method, it is preferred that the temperature that the stainless steel electric boiling plate is heated is 150-350 DEG C.
Above-mentioned processing method, it is preferred that stainless steel electric boiling plate bottom is furnished with water cooling system, can make electric heating
Plate temperature drops to 100 DEG C hereinafter, to make the temperature for handling timber drop to 100 DEG C or less in 0.5-2min from 150-350 DEG C.
Above-mentioned processing method, it is preferred that the cooling procedure refers to drops to timber in 0.5-2min from 150-350 DEG C
100 DEG C or less.The present invention takes out closely knit charcoal after keeping pressure until temperature of heating plate lower than 100 DEG C or less from heating plate
Change processing timber, log shapes may be implemented in this way and fix, eliminate timber size rebound, improve the stable purpose of timber size.
Above-mentioned processing method, it is preferred that in the step (1), the moisture content of timber is 9%-20% after drying.
Above-mentioned processing method, it is preferred that in the step (2), timber is carried out to the compression ratio for being compressed to timber
The control of required time is 0.5-5min when for 6%-25%.
Above-mentioned processing method, it is preferred that in the step (2), the thickness of timber to be processed is consistent.
Above-mentioned processing method, it is preferred that in the step (2), wood compression rate is controlled by finger gauge.
Processing method of the invention, heating plate are first heated to preset temperature, after timber is put into heating plate, immediately plus
Pressure, reaches the thickness (and preset thickness) of finger gauge in 0.5-5min, and the temperature of heating plate can be transmitted to rapidly timber
In, make timber softening, charing, and compressed carbonized processing time 1-30min is kept, then leading to recirculated water in 0.5-2min makes timber
Cooling rapidly reduces the size rebound for the generation that cools down after taking out, entire to handle the time less than 40min, when substantially reducing processing
Between.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
(1) processing method of the invention, closely knit charing process process are not in timber deformation, the change of cracking, color difference, parting bead
Color and knot, which fall off, waits defects in timber, and product quality is high.
(2) processing method of the invention overcomes limitation of the conventional charing to lumber thickness, can realize wood in a short time
The closely knit charing process on material surface, there is the closely knit carbonization device of timber to invest, and small, production site is small, treatment process is simple, processing
Period short feature；In addition, polluting during charing process, small, production safety, high production efficiency, thermal energy consumption be small, energy-saving ring
It protects, the advantage that production cost is low.
(3) processing method of the invention forms one layer of charring layer in wood surface, improves the hydrophobicity of wood surface
Can, the living environment of microorganism is destroyed, and then improve the dimensional stability and anti-corrosive antibacterial performance of timber；Wood surface forms
Densification layer improves the physical and mechanical properties such as density, hardness, bending strength, toughness and the nail-holding ability of timber, in room
The industries such as outer Wood construction, indoor and outdoor floor, furniture, garden landscape and indoor decorating have broad application prospects.
(4) present invention realizes the compression compact of timber while handling the carbonization of wood, and density increases, into
And enhancing the surface hardness and the bending strength of wood of timber, i.e. the mechanical property of timber is improved.
(5) processing method of the invention, operating procedure is simple, at low cost, environmentally friendly, has stronger operate
Property, it is a kind of sustainable Wood treatment method of green.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the cross section scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of (b) and unseasoned timber (a) after the embodiment of the present invention 2 is handled；
Fig. 2 is that timber contact angle changes with time figure after processing of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, invention herein is done below in conjunction with Figure of description and preferred embodiment more complete
Face meticulously describes, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following specific embodiments.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter are generally understood meaning phase with those skilled in the art
Together.Technical term used herein is intended merely to the purpose of description specific embodiment, and it is of the invention to be not intended to limitation
Protection scope.
Unless otherwise specified, various raw material, reagent, the instrument and equipment etc. used in the present invention can pass through city
Field is commercially available or can be prepared by existing method.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of processing method of rapid densification charing enhancing wood performance of the invention, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) timber sawing is processed into using required size, spontaneously dries control moisture content 20%；
(2) stainless steel electric boiling plate is heated to 150 DEG C of set temperature, is then put into the timber of same thickness batch not
It becomes rusty on steel electric boiling plate, is placed between timber and pressure plate with one block of perforated metal, to adjust the steaming of the water in heat treatment process
Gas；Pressure plate (the obstructed electric heating of pressure plate) pressurizes to timber so that the control of wood compression rate (uses finger gauge for 25%
The thickness of control processing timber, the closing time of wood compression to finger gauge are 5min)；
(3) persistently processing is the water after 30min, below opening stainless steel electric boiling plate to timber under compression, heated condition
Cooling system makes Wood temperature drop to 100 DEG C from 150 DEG C in 0.5min hereinafter, then slow pressure release, takes out timber, obtain
Closely knit charing process timber.
The microcosmic of closely knit charing process front and back wood transverse section manufactured in the present embodiment is observed using scanning electron microscope
Structure change, the results showed that, wood surface is obviously compressed after closely knit charing process, and cell is got together with cell tight.
Measure wood surface dynamic contact angle, surface hygroscopicity before and after closely knit charing process, as the result is shown with untreated material
It compares, the contact angle of closely knit charing process timber significantly increases, and illustrates that the water resistance for handling timber has obtained apparent improvement
(as shown in Figure 2), surface moisture pick-up properties are reduced to the 9% of untreated material.
Hardness, bending strength and the wood surface for measuring timber before and after closely knit charing process are averaged closely knit charring layer thickness,
The hardness of timber improves 92% after closely knit charing process, and bending strength improves 55%, and wood surface is averaged closely knit charring layer
With a thickness of 800 μm or so.
Referring to standard GB/T/T 13942.1-2009 " durability of wood energy part 1: natural decay resistance laboratory examination
Proved recipe method " to the corrosion resistant anti-microbial property for measuring closely knit charred wood, closely knit charing process material be up to state standards requirement I grade by force
Corrosion resistant.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of processing method of rapid densification charing enhancing wood performance of the invention, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) timber sawing is processed into using required size, dry kiln drying control moisture content 15%；
(2) stainless steel heater is heated to 250 DEG C of set temperature, then the timber of same thickness batch is put into stainless steel
It on electric boiling plate, is placed between timber and pressure plate with one block of perforated metal, to adjust the vapor in heat treatment process；Add
Pressing plate (pressure plate does not heat) pressurizes to timber so that the control of wood compression rate (handles wood using finger gauge control for 15%
The thickness of material, the closing time of wood compression to finger gauge are 2.5min)；
(3) persistently processing is the water after 10min, below opening stainless steel electric boiling plate to timber under compression, heated condition
Cooling system makes Wood temperature drop to 100 DEG C from 250 DEG C in 1.0min hereinafter, then slow pressure release, takes out timber, obtain
Closely knit charing process timber.
The microcosmic of closely knit charing process front and back wood transverse section manufactured in the present embodiment is observed using scanning electron microscope
Structure change, as shown in Figure 1, the results showed that, wood surface is obviously compressed after closely knit charing process, cell and cell tight
It gets together.
Measure wood surface dynamic contact angle, surface hygroscopicity before and after closely knit charing process, as the result is shown with untreated material
It compares, the contact angle of closely knit charing process timber significantly increases, and illustrates that the water resistance for handling timber has obtained apparent improvement
(as shown in Figure 2), surface moisture pick-up properties are reduced to the 14% of untreated material.
Hardness, bending strength and the wood surface for measuring timber before and after closely knit charing process are averaged closely knit charring layer thickness,
The hardness of timber improves 83% after closely knit charing process, and bending strength improves 43%, and wood surface is averaged closely knit charring layer
With a thickness of 690 μm or so.
Referring to standard GB/T/T 13942.1-2009 " durability of wood energy part 1: natural decay resistance laboratory examination
Proved recipe method " to the corrosion resistant anti-microbial property for measuring closely knit charred wood, closely knit charing process material be up to state standards requirement I grade by force
Corrosion resistant.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of processing method of rapid densification charing enhancing wood performance of the invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) timber sawing is processed into using required size, naturally dries to moisture content 9%；
(2) stainless steel is heated to 350 DEG C of set temperature, then the timber of same thickness batch is put into stainless steel electric heating
It is heated on plate, is placed between timber and pressure plate with one block of perforated metal, to adjust the vapor in heat treatment process；
Pressure plate (pressure plate does not heat) pressurizes to timber so that the control of wood compression rate (is handled for 6% using finger gauge control
The thickness of timber, the closing time of wood compression to finger gauge are 0.5min)；
(3) persistently processing is the water cooling after 1min, below opening stainless steel electric boiling plate to timber under compression, heated condition
But system makes Wood temperature drop to 100 DEG C from 350 DEG C in 2.0min hereinafter, then slow pressure release, takes out timber, obtain close
Real charing process timber.
The microcosmic of closely knit charing process front and back wood transverse section manufactured in the present embodiment is observed using scanning electron microscope
Structure change, the results showed that, wood surface is obviously compressed after closely knit charing process, and cell is got together with cell tight.
Measure wood surface dynamic contact angle, surface hygroscopicity before and after closely knit charing process, as the result is shown with untreated material
It compares, the contact angle of closely knit charing process timber significantly increases, and illustrates that the water resistance for handling timber has obtained apparent improvement
(as shown in Figure 2), surface moisture pick-up properties are reduced to the 22% of untreated material.
Hardness, bending strength and the wood surface for measuring timber before and after closely knit charing process are averaged closely knit charring layer thickness,
The hardness of timber improves 67% after closely knit charing process, and bending strength improves 36%, and wood surface is averaged closely knit charring layer
With a thickness of 450 μm or so.
Referring to standard GB/T/T 13942.1-2009 " durability of wood energy part 1: natural decay resistance laboratory examination
Proved recipe method " to the corrosion resistant anti-microbial property for measuring closely knit charred wood, closely knit charing process material be up to state standards requirement I grade by force
Corrosion resistant.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of processing method of rapid densification charing enhancing wood performance, which comprises the following steps:
(1) by the drying of wood；
(2) timber is put on stainless steel electric boiling plate, is placed in above timber with one block of perforated metal, timber is heated
Pressurization compression makes the rate control of timber in 6%-25%, and the pressure state is maintained to be heat-treated 1-30min, and cooling, release obtains
Obtaining closely knit charing enhances timber.
2. preparation method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the temperature that the stainless steel electric boiling plate is heated is
150-350℃。
3. preparation method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that after the stainless steel heater plate to set temperature again
Place timber.
4. preparation method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that be furnished with water cooling system in stainless steel electric boiling plate bottom
System.
5. preparation method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the cooling procedure refer to timber in 0.5-2min from
150-350 DEG C drops to 100 DEG C or less.
6. processing method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (1), the moisture content of timber is after drying
9%-20%.
7. processing method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (2), timber be compressed to
The control of required time is 0.5-5min when the compression ratio of timber is 6%-25%.
8. such as the described in any item processing methods of claim 1-7, which is characterized in that in the step (2), timber to be processed
Thickness be consistent.
9. such as the described in any item processing methods of claim 1-7, which is characterized in that in the step (2), wood compression rate is logical
Finger gauge is crossed to be controlled.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111015854A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-17 | 中山市东成家具有限公司 | Equipment and method for drying and carbonizing wood by heating with electric heating plate under negative pressure environment |
| CN111037686A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 河南农业大学 | Preparation method of silicate flame-retardant compact wood |
| US11498240B2 (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2022-11-15 | Ahf, Llc | Densified wood including process for preparation |
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| CN101700668A (en) * | 2009-10-23 | 2010-05-05 | 南京林业大学 | Wood compression carbonization sizing method |
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| CN103552142A (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2014-02-05 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Method for integrally densifying, drying and carbonizing wood |
| US20180345528A1 (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2018-12-06 | Abodo Wood Limited | Methods of treatment of laminated timber |
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| CN101700668A (en) * | 2009-10-23 | 2010-05-05 | 南京林业大学 | Wood compression carbonization sizing method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111037686A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 河南农业大学 | Preparation method of silicate flame-retardant compact wood |
| CN111037686B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-04-23 | 河南农业大学 | Preparation method of silicate flame-retardant compact wood |
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