CN111600471A - 开关电源过温保护电路及过温保护方法 - Google Patents

开关电源过温保护电路及过温保护方法 Download PDF

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CN111600471A
CN111600471A CN202010523443.4A CN202010523443A CN111600471A CN 111600471 A CN111600471 A CN 111600471A CN 202010523443 A CN202010523443 A CN 202010523443A CN 111600471 A CN111600471 A CN 111600471A
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temperature protection
voltage
protection circuit
power supply
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CN111600471B (zh
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周逊伟
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Joulwatt Technology Hangzhou Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
    • H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
    • H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
    • H02H5/042—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature using temperature dependent resistors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/1213—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for DC-DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/327—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection against abnormal temperatures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提出一种开关电源过温保护电路及过温保护方法，所述过温保护电路复用开关电源控制器的驱动引脚以实现过温保护；开关电源主功率管漏源端电压稳定时，所述过温保护电路使能。本发明过温保护电路可复用开关电源控制器的驱动引脚实现过温保护，不需要设置额外芯片引脚。

Description

开关电源过温保护电路及过温保护方法
技术领域
本发明涉及电力电子领域，特别涉及一种开关电源过温保护电路及过温保护方法。
背景技术
开关电源中，通常PWM控制芯片都自带芯片的内部过温保护，除了内部的过温保护，应用中还希望控制器能自带外部过温保护。外部过温保护通过温敏电阻(NTC)检测温敏电阻附近功率器件的温度，实现过温保护。为实现外部过温保护，通常需要控制器增加一个引脚来实现。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种实现开关电源控制器外部过温保护的开关电源过温保护电路及保护方法，用以解决现有技术存在的开关电源控制器外部过温及需要增加控制器额外引脚的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种开关电源过温保护电路，所述过温保护电路复用开关电源控制器的驱动引脚以实现过温保护；开关电源主功率管漏源端电压稳定时，所述过温保护电路使能。
可选的，所述过温保护电路包括与开关电源主功率管控制端相连的热敏电阻；过温保护电路使能时，若流过所述热敏电阻的电流或者主功率管控制端的电压达到相应阈值，则触发外部过温保护。
可选的，在所述主功率管导通阶段，所述过温保护电路使能时，若流过所述热敏电阻的电流大于第一阈值，则触发外部过温保护。
可选的，所述过温保护电路还包括检测电路，所述检测电路连接所述热敏电阻和所述主功率管控制端，所述检测电路集成在所述控制器内。
可选的，在所述主功率管关断阶段，所述过温保护电路使能时，所述检测电路给定第一电压，所述第一电压小于第二阈值；所述热敏电阻和所述主功率管的公共连接端接收所述第一电压，若流过热敏电阻的电流大于第三阈值，则触发外部过温保护。
可选的，所述检测电路包括一个电流源和一个稳压管，所述电流源输出端和所述稳压管阴极连接，所述电流源和所述稳压管的公共连接端连接所述热敏电阻和所述功率管控制端；在所述主功率管关断阶段，所述过温保护电路使能时，所述电流源导通，所述电流源输出电流小于第四阈值，若所述功率管控制端电压小于第五阈值，则触发外部过温保护；若所述功率管控制端电压大于第六阈值，则稳压管反向击穿，所述稳压管的稳压值小于所述主功率管的开启阈值。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：本发明复用开关电源控制器的驱动引脚以实现过温保护；开关电源主功率管漏源端电压稳定时，所述过温保护电路使能。
附图说明
图1为本发明带过温保护的开关电源原理图；
图2为本发明开关电源过温检测时序图；
图3为本发明过温保护电路实施例一原理图；
图4为本发明过温保护电路实施例二原理图；
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行详细描述，但本发明并不仅仅限于这些实施例。本发明涵盖任何在本发明的精神和范围上做的替代、修改、等效方法以及方案。
为了使公众对本发明有彻底的了解，在以下本发明优选实施例中详细说明了具体的细节，而对本领域技术人员来说没有这些细节的描述也可以完全理解本发明。
在下列段落中参照附图以举例方式更具体地描述本发明。需说明的是，附图均采用较为简化的形式且均使用非精准的比例，用以方便、明晰地辅助说明本发明实施例的目的。
如图1所示，示意了本发明带过温保护的开关电源原理图，开关电源为反激变换器，开关电源控制器集成在片内。功率管M0的栅源端并联一个热敏电阻NTC，通过外部复用驱动引脚DRV，实现控制器外部过温保护。驱动引脚DRV在原边功率管M0导通时实现正常的驱动功能，在原边功率管M0关断的一段区间内，实现检测外部过温保护(OTP)的功能。
在主功率管导通时，驱动引脚处输出原边功率管M0的驱动电压，在原边功率管M0漏源电压稳定时，若流过所述热敏电阻NTC的电流大于第一阈值，则控制器触发外部过温保护。
如图2所示，示意了本发明开关电源过温检测时序图，OTP采样在功率管M0关断时刻，通过DRV引脚实现。由于功率管M0的Vds波形有震荡时，会通过Miller电容耦合电流到驱动引脚DRV，从而影响检测。所以可检测OTP的区间是：MOSFET关断或导通后经过一blanking时间(此blanking时间是为了屏蔽MOSFET关断或导通带来的高频振荡)，在Vds平台区域内检测。
如图3所示，示意了本发明过温保护电路实施例一原理图，基于主功率管关断阶段实现，包括第一开关管M1和第二开关管M2，同时给定一个电压源Vcc_OTP。在OTP采样时间区间内，Q1关断，Q2导通。Q1关断使得芯片驱动器的灌电流能力降低为零，因为在这个区间内，功率管M0的驱动电压已经为零，控制器的灌电流能力为零不影响驱动电压。Q2导通后，则内部一个电压源Vcc_OTP(可以取为0.2V左右)加到DRV引脚，此电压源的输出电压小于第二阈值，此时检测流出DRV引脚的电流I_OTP，从而知道NTC的温度信息。当I_OTP电流大于内部设定的第三阈值，触发外部OTP保护。
如图4所示，示意了本发明过温保护电路实施例二原理图，基于主功率管关断阶段实现，在OTP采样时间区间内，Q1关断，Q2和Q3开通，一个内部设定的电流源I_OTP输出电流流出DRV引脚，该电流源的输出电流小于第四阈值。为防止DRV电压过高导致功率管M0误开工，需在此时间区间内，闭合Q3，通过一个稳压管D0让一个内部的驱动电压低电压钳位使能，此钳位电压可设定在0.2V左右，小于主功率管开启电压。在OTP采样时间区间内，通过检测DRV电压，与内部第五阈值做比较，如果DRV电压低于内部第五阈值，则触发外部OTP保护。如果DRV电压达到稳压管的钳位电压，则稳压管D0反向击穿，DRV电压稳定在钳位电压，避免功率管M0误导通。
以上所述的实施方式，并不构成对该技术方案保护范围的限定。任何在上述实施方式的精神和原则之内所作的修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在该技术方案的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种开关电源过温保护电路，其特征在于：所述过温保护电路复用开关电源控制器的驱动引脚以实现过温保护；开关电源主功率管漏源端电压稳定时，所述过温保护电路使能。
2.根据权利要求1所述的开关电源过温保护电路，其特征在于：所述过温保护电路包括与开关电源主功率管控制端相连的热敏电阻；过温保护电路使能时，若流过所述热敏电阻的电流或者主功率管控制端的电压达到相应阈值，则触发外部过温保护。
3.根据权利要求2所述的开关电源过温保护电路，其特征在于：在所述主功率管导通阶段，所述过温保护电路使能时，若流过所述热敏电阻的电流大于第一阈值，则触发外部过温保护。
4.根据权利要求2所述的开关电源过温保护电路，其特征在于：所述过温保护电路还包括检测电路，所述检测电路连接所述热敏电阻和所述主功率管控制端，所述检测电路集成在所述控制器内。
5.根据权利要求4所述的开关电源过温保护电路，其特征在于：在所述主功率管关断阶段，所述过温保护电路使能时，所述检测电路给定第一电压，所述第一电压小于第二阈值；所述热敏电阻和所述主功率管的公共连接端接收所述第一电压，若流过热敏电阻的电流大于第三阈值，则触发外部过温保护。
6.根据权利要求4所述的开关电源过温保护电路，其特征在于：所述检测电路包括一个电流源和一个稳压管，所述电流源输出端和所述稳压管阴极连接，所述电流源和所述稳压管的公共连接端连接所述热敏电阻和所述功率管控制端；在所述主功率管关断阶段，所述过温保护电路使能时，所述电流源导通，所述电流源输出电流小于第四阈值，若所述功率管控制端电压小于第五阈值，则触发外部过温保护；若所述功率管控制端电压大于第六阈值，则稳压管反向击穿，所述稳压管的稳压值小于所述主功率管的开启阈值。
7.一种开关电源过温保护方法，其特征在于：基于过温保护电路，所述过温保护电路复用开关电源控制器的驱动引脚以实现过温保护；开关电源主功率管漏源端电压稳定时，所述过温保护电路使能。
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Cited By (1)

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CN111799761A (zh) * 2020-06-24 2020-10-20 华源智信半导体(深圳)有限公司 基于管脚复用的温度保护方法及电路

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CN204068678U (zh) * 2014-06-19 2014-12-31 深圳市聚电电源技术有限公司 一种开关电源输出过压保护和过温保护电路
CN206250758U (zh) * 2016-12-07 2017-06-13 成都锦瑞芯科技有限公司 一种快速响应的功率管多重保护电路
CN208986655U (zh) * 2018-11-30 2019-06-14 天津品思途科技有限公司 一种采用过温度、过电流保护保护器件的锂电池保护电路
CN209896689U (zh) * 2019-06-04 2020-01-03 深圳市普德新星电源技术有限公司 过温保护电路及开关电源电路

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100315846A1 (en) * 2009-06-15 2010-12-16 Chien-Liang Lin Switching power supply and over-temperature protection method
CN204068678U (zh) * 2014-06-19 2014-12-31 深圳市聚电电源技术有限公司 一种开关电源输出过压保护和过温保护电路
CN206250758U (zh) * 2016-12-07 2017-06-13 成都锦瑞芯科技有限公司 一种快速响应的功率管多重保护电路
CN208986655U (zh) * 2018-11-30 2019-06-14 天津品思途科技有限公司 一种采用过温度、过电流保护保护器件的锂电池保护电路
CN209896689U (zh) * 2019-06-04 2020-01-03 深圳市普德新星电源技术有限公司 过温保护电路及开关电源电路

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111799761A (zh) * 2020-06-24 2020-10-20 华源智信半导体(深圳)有限公司 基于管脚复用的温度保护方法及电路

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