CN111596387A - Multiband compatible intelligent optical camouflage material based on gas-liquid control - Google Patents

Multiband compatible intelligent optical camouflage material based on gas-liquid control Download PDF

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CN111596387A
CN111596387A CN202010488036.4A CN202010488036A CN111596387A CN 111596387 A CN111596387 A CN 111596387A CN 202010488036 A CN202010488036 A CN 202010488036A CN 111596387 A CN111596387 A CN 111596387A
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film layer
dielectric film
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CN111596387B (en
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王龙
汪刘应
唐修检
刘顾
阳能军
田欣利
赵文博
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Rocket Force University of Engineering of PLA
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/002—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of materials engineered to provide properties not available in nature, e.g. metamaterials
    • G02B1/005—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of materials engineered to provide properties not available in nature, e.g. metamaterials made of photonic crystals or photonic band gap materials
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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Abstract

The invention discloses a multiband compatible intelligent optical camouflage material based on gas-liquid control, wherein the heterogeneous membrane system structure is represented by ① color changing membrane layer structure B [ AB [ ]]n② infrared and laser compatible camouflage regulation film layer structure [ CD ]]mD[CD]mOr/and ③ infrared camouflage regulation and control film layer structure [ EF]iCombining and forming; b, C, D, F is a solid material layer, which is selected from ZnS, ZnSe and other optical thin film materials; A. e is an air layer; the film layer arrangement coefficients n and i take the integer of 2-6, and m takes the value of 2. The invention firstly proposes to utilize filling gas and liquid to regulate and control the optical wave conduction characteristic of the artificial periodic dielectric medium structure, has the advantages of intelligent color change, adjustable infrared emissivity of 1-5 mu m and 8-14 mu m multiband, adjustable laser reflectivity of 1.06 mu m and 10.6 mu m and the like, and is a broadband pseudo-color dielectric mediumThe optical comprehensive camouflage protection requirements such as installation, multi-band compatibility, reversible dynamic adjustment and the like provide solutions.

Description

Multiband compatible intelligent optical camouflage material based on gas-liquid control
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multiband compatible intelligent optical camouflage material based on gas-liquid control, and relates to the technical field of multiband compatible stealth.
Background
The technology of precision guidance and reconnaissance on modern battlefields has become increasingly diverse, and modern warfare has failed to repudiate the fact that "targets are found, meaning that they will defeat". The stealth technology is an important means for avoiding and destroying and achieving a sudden attack, and can be divided into radar stealth, infrared stealth, laser stealth, visible light stealth and other forms. The existing stealth technology has the limitations of single function, not wide enough frequency band compatibility, poor dynamic adjustability and controllability and the like, cannot simultaneously deal with combined detection of multiple means, and cannot adapt to cross-space-time background change. At present, multi-spectrum compatible stealth of radar, infrared and visible light is gradually realized to a certain extent in European and American countries, but the engineering application of intelligent camouflage is not reported. The Chinese research starts late, and the multi-spectrum compatible stealth technology is not well applied to the actual installation. The current static camouflage technology can play a good role in hiding camouflage effect in a specific battlefield background environment, but cannot adapt to different multi-domain complex background changes in the maneuvering process of equipment. Therefore, the traditional stealth technology can not meet the dynamic camouflage requirement of a battlefield in the future gradually, and the intelligent camouflage technology and the multi-spectrum compatible camouflage technology are urgent to be developed in a cooperative way.
The basic key research of the current intelligent color-changing camouflage technology mainly focuses on the fields of functional materials such as electrochromism, photochromism and thermochromism, but the current intelligent color-changing camouflage technology has the difficulties of poor compatibility with other stealth wave bands, single color-changing function and the like. One of the difficulties in the research category of the multi-spectrum compatible stealth technology at present is that the compatibility of infrared stealth and laser stealth cannot be solved. The working waveband of the passive infrared detector utilizes three infrared atmospheric window wavebands of short wave 1-2.5 mu m, medium wave 3-5 mu m and long wave 8-14 mu m, and generally, the passive infrared detector is expected to have high reflectivity on thermal infrared light waves, reduce infrared heat absorption and realize low infrared emissivity so as to achieve a good infrared stealth effect. However, the laser detector is an active type, and the working wave band is also 1.06 μm or 10.6 μm of the infrared wave band, but it is just necessary to reduce the reflectivity of the stealth material to the laser to the maximum extent, and to avoid the signal returning to be received by the detectable feature. The hidden lance is a lance body which is difficult to realize and is wanted to overcome in the field of stealth material research so far, and the hidden danger of the discovered probability of the stealth target is increased.
The photonic crystal is a periodic dielectric structure artificially designed and manufactured on an optical scale, belongs to a super-structure material, and has the characteristics of photonic forbidden bands, photonic local area and the like. Similar to electronic wave function modulation of semiconductors, photonic crystals and devices thereof can be designed in principle to control the propagation state of light waves in the structure and further control the absorption, reflection, transmission and other conditions of photonic crystal materials to different light wave bands, and brand new photonic devices such as photonic crystal fibers, photonic crystal microwave antennas, photonic crystal waveguides and the like have been proposed in succession. By designing a novel photonic crystal structure, a certain solution can be expected to be provided for the multiband compatible optical camouflage technology.
In summary, the stealth technology gradually develops into two new directions of multi-spectrum compatible stealth and self-adaptive stealth, but the traditional stealth technology and the materials thereof are difficult to take steps in the face of the two new requirements. Therefore, the special artificial structural material with the visible light, infrared and laser compatible intelligent camouflage function is developed by adopting the modes of special structural design, multifunctional material compounding and the like, and has very important engineering practical value.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the prior art, the invention provides a multiband compatible intelligent optical camouflage material based on gas-liquid control. The invention designs a special artificial photonic crystal heterostructure material device, and regulates and controls the forbidden band and the local characteristic of the photonic crystal of the artificial periodic dielectric medium structure by adopting gas and liquid, so that the photonic crystal adapts to the background environment, the visible light color characteristic, the infrared and laser reflection characteristic of the target are further changed, and the multiband compatible intelligent optical camouflage function of visible light, infrared and laser is realized.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the gas-liquid control based multiband compatible intelligent optical camouflage material has a heterogeneous film system structure of ① color changing film layer structure B [ AB ]]n② infrared and laser compatible camouflage regulation film layer structure [ CD ]]mD[CD]mOr/and ③ infrared camouflage regulation and control film layer structure [ EF]iCombining and forming; b, C, D, F is solid material layer selected from ZnS, ZnSe, GaAs, PbTe and Al2O3、SiO2、TiO2、Si、Si3N4、MgF2、PbF2Optical film materials such as isopar; A. e is an air layer; the air layer can be filled with gas or/and liquid with different refractive indexes, so that the structure has the characteristics of regulating and controlling the color change and infrared reflection of the structure; the film layer arrangement coefficients n, m and i represent the periodic alternate arrangement times, the values of n and i are integers of 2-6, and the value of m is 2.
The color-changing film layer structure B [ AB ]]nIs a layered grid structure composed of alternating air layers A and solid material layers B (in the same way, [ CD ]]mD[CD]mIs a layered lattice structure composed of C and D alternately, [ EF ]]iA layered grid structure composed of E and F alternately); thickness d of air layer AATaking the thickness d of the solid material layer B of 80-180 nmBTaking 50-120 nm; the refractive index of the solid material B is nBD is more than or equal to 200nm and is larger than or equal to the thickness relation of the two film layers of the single-period ABA+nBdBLess than or equal to 300nm, and the unit of thickness is nm (the same below).
Further, the heterogeneous film system structure of the multiband compatible type intelligent optical camouflage material based on gas-liquid control comprises the following situations:
(1) the heterogeneous membrane system structure is B [ AB ]]n[CD]mD[CD]mIf C, D the refractive indexes of the two-layered medium are n respectivelyC、nDC, D the thicknesses of the two film layers are dC、dDThen the following relationship exists: first, when there is a relationship of nCdC≈nDdD2650nm, and nCdC+nDdDWhen the color of the structure is 5300nm, the compatible intelligent camouflage function of structural color change, 10.6 mu m laser and 8-14 mu m far infrared is realized; secondly, when the existing relationship is nCdC≈nDdDAbout 265nm, and nCdC+nDdDWhen the color of the film is 530nm, the structure color change, 1.06 mu m laser and 1-2.5 mu m near infrared compatible intelligent camouflage functions are realized.
(2) The heterogeneous membrane system structure is B [ AB ]]n[EF]iIf E, F the refractive indexes of the two-layered medium are n respectivelyE、nFThe thickness of the two EF film layers is dE、dFThen there is a relationship: n isEdE+nFdFLambda is selected within the range of 3-5 mu m and 10-12 mu m, and the compatible intelligent camouflage function of structural color change and different infrared band intervals can be realized.
(3) The heterogeneous membrane system structure is B [ AB ]]n[CD]mD[CD]m[EF]iOr B [ AB ]]n[EF]i[CD]mD[CD]mWherein, in the step (A),
if C, D the refractive indexes of the two-layer medium are n respectivelyC、nDThe thickness of two film layers of CD is dC、dDThen the following relationship exists: one, nCdC≈nDdD2650nm, and nCdC+nDdD5300 nm; two, n of the structureCdC≈nDdDAbout 265nm, and nCdC+nDdD＝530nm。
If E, F the refractive indexes of the two-layer medium are n respectivelyE、nFThe thickness of the two EF film layers is dE、dFThen there is a relationship: n isEdE+nFdFLambda is in the range of 3-5 μm and 10-12 μm.
In this case, the film structure can have the dual functions of (1) and (2), thereby realizing structural discoloration and a compatible intelligent camouflage function of 1.06 μm or 10.6 μm laser and infrared multiband.
(4) The heterogeneous membrane system structure is B [ AB ]]n[C1D1]mD1[C2D2]m[EF]i[C2D2]jD2[C2D2]jWherein j is also an integer greater than or equal to 2;
if C1、D1The refractive indexes of the two film mediums are n respectivelyC1、nD1，C1D1The thickness of the two film layers is dC1、dD1Then the following relationship exists:
①nC1dC1≈nD1dD12650nm, and nC1dC1+nD1dD1＝5300nm；
Or ② nC1dC1≈nD1dD1About 265nm, and nC1dC1+nD1dD1＝530nm；
If E, F the refractive indexes of the two-layer medium are n respectivelyE、nFThe thickness of the two EF film layers is dE、dFThen there is a relationship: n isEdE+nFdFLambda is in the range of 3-5 μm and 10-12 μm;
if C2、D2The refractive indexes of the two film mediums are n respectivelyC2、nD2，C2D2The thickness of the two film layers is dC2、dD2Then the following relationship exists:
②nC2dC2≈nD2dD22650nm, and nC2dC2+nD2dD2＝5300nm；
Or ② nC2dC2≈nD2dD2About 265nm, and nC2dC2+nD2dD2＝530nm。
At the moment, the film system structure can realize the structure color change, 1.06 mu m and 10.6 mu m laser and infrared multiband compatible intelligent camouflage function.
The gas-liquid controlled multiband compatible intelligent optical camouflage material is a visible light/infrared/laser compatible intelligent camouflage technology, and has the advantages of intelligent color change, adjustable multiband infrared emissivity of 1-5 mu m and 8-14 mu m, adjustable laser reflectivity of 1.06 mu m and 10.6 mu m and the like. According to the invention, through the refined design of the photonic crystal heterostructure material with the periodically arranged multi-film layers, the filling gas and the liquid are used for regulating and controlling the light wave conduction characteristic of the artificial periodic dielectric medium structure for the first time, the visible light color characteristic, the infrared and laser reflection characteristic of the regulated and controlled target can be realized at the same time, so that the camouflage target actively adapts to the optical characteristic of the background environment, and a solution is provided for the optical comprehensive camouflage protection requirements of broadband camouflage, multi-band compatibility, reversible dynamic adjustment and the like. Compared with the electrochromic materials which are researched more at present, the camouflage material has the advantages of large adjustment and control range of color change and infrared emissivity, simplicity and easiness in operation, laser compatibility camouflage and the like. Compared with the camouflage coating material which is widely applied at present, the camouflage material provided by the invention has the advantages of visible light/infrared/laser compatible camouflage, adaptive control of target optical characteristics, strong camouflage efficiency and the like.
The various terms and phrases used herein have the ordinary meaning as is well known to those skilled in the art. The thickness in the present invention refers to the thickness of a single period.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the heterogeneous membrane system structure is B [ AB ]]n[CD]mD[CD]mSchematic diagram of the structure (example 1).
FIG. 2: a graph showing the characteristics of the reflection spectrum in the visible light range of 380nm to 780nm (example 1).
FIG. 3: a schematic representation of the reflection spectrum characteristics in the infrared band of 750nm to 15000nm (example 1).
FIG. 4: the heterogeneous membrane system structure is B [ AB ]]n[CD]mD[CD]mSchematic diagram of the structure (example 2).
FIG. 5: the reflection spectrum characteristics in the visible light band of 380nm to 780nm are shown schematically (example 2).
FIG. 6: a schematic representation of the reflection spectrum characteristics in the infrared band of 750nm to 15000nm (example 2).
FIG. 7: the heterogeneous membrane system structure is B [ AB ]]n[EF]iSchematic diagram of the structure (example 3).
FIG. 8: a graph showing the characteristics of the reflection spectrum in the visible light range of 380nm to 780nm (example 3).
FIG. 9: a schematic representation of the reflection spectrum characteristics in the infrared band of 750nm to 15000nm (example 3).
FIG. 10: the heterogeneous membrane system structure is B [ AB ]]n[EF]i[CD]mD[CD]mSchematic diagram of the structure (example 4).
FIG. 11: a graph showing the characteristics of the reflection spectrum in the visible light range of 380nm to 780nm (example 4).
FIG. 12: a schematic representation of the reflection spectrum characteristics in the infrared band of 750nm to 15000nm (example 4).
FIG. 13: the heterogeneous membrane system structure is B [ AB ]]n[CD]mD[CD]m[EF]iSchematic diagram of the structure (example 5).
FIG. 14: a graph showing the characteristics of the reflection spectrum in the visible light range of 380nm to 780nm (example 5).
FIG. 15: a schematic representation of the reflection spectrum characteristics in the infrared band of 750nm to 15000nm (example 5).
FIG. 16: the heterogeneous membrane system structure is B [ AB ]]n[C1D1]mD1[C1D1]m[EF]i[C2D2]jD2[C2D2]jSchematic view of the structure (example 6).
FIG. 17: a graph showing the characteristics of the reflection spectrum in the visible light range of 380nm to 780nm (example 6).
FIG. 18: a schematic representation of the reflection spectrum characteristics in the infrared band of 750nm to 15000nm (example 6).
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
The instruments, reagents, materials and the like used in the following examples are conventional instruments, reagents, materials and the like in the prior art and are commercially available in a normal manner unless otherwise specified. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods, detection methods, and the like described in the following examples are conventional experimental methods, detection methods, and the like in the prior art.
Example 1
When the heterogeneous membrane system structure is B [ AB ]]n[CD]mD[CD]mAnd when n is 6 and m is 2, as shown in fig. 1, the function is used to realize a structure color change, a 10.6 μm laser, and a compatible intelligent camouflage function of a far infrared band. Wherein A is air layer, refractive index nAIs 1; B. d, the dielectric film layer is made of silicon oxide (SiO)2) Refractive index nB、nDIs 1.46; the C dielectric film layer is made of lead telluride (PbTe) with refractive index nDIs 5.6. Specifically, (1) color-changing film layer structure B [ AB [ ]]nThe thickness of the single film layer A, B is dA、dBThe designed dimensional relationship is d is more than or equal to 200A+nBdB300 or less, wherein the thickness d of the air layer A isAIs 100nm, and the thickness d of the dielectric film layerB100nm (all A thicknesses are consistent and all B thicknesses are consistent); (2) 8-14 mu m far infrared and 10.6 mu m laser compatible camouflage regulation and control film layer structure [ CD ]]mD[CD]mThe thickness of the single film layer C, D is dC、dDThe designed dimensional relationship is nCdC≈nDdD2650nm, and nCdC+nDdD5300, therefore, the thickness d of the C dielectric film layerCThe value is 473nm, D dielectric film layer thickness DDThe value was 1815nm (all C thicknesses were identical and all D thicknesses were identical).
When the A film layer is respectively filled with air and CO2During water filling, the vertical incidence of light rays is simulated and calculatedThe reflection spectrum characteristics of the visible light wave band of 380 nm-780 nm on the surface of the composite film layer material are shown in figure 2, and the reflection spectrum characteristics of the infrared wave band of 750 nm-15000 nm are shown in figure 3. As can be seen from the figure, after the gas and the liquid with different refractive indexes are filled, the optical reflection characteristics of visible light and infrared light of the composite film system structure can be changed, the structure can be colored to be changed between cyan-green-yellow, the high reflection of the middle and far infrared light of 3-5 mu m and 8-14 mu m is achieved, and the spectrum hole digging effect is formed at a laser wave band section near 10.6 mu m. Therefore, the multifunctional color-changing infrared laser has the compatible stealth function of intelligent color changing, infrared and 10.6 mu m laser wave bands.
Example 2
When the heterogeneous membrane system structure is B [ AB ]]n[CD]mD[CD]mAnd when n is 6 and m is 2, as shown in fig. 4, the function is used to realize a structure color change, a 1.06 μm laser, and a near-mid infrared band compatible smart camouflage function. Wherein A is air layer, refractive index nAIs 1; B. the C dielectric film layer is made of titanium oxide (TiO)2) Refractive index nB、nCIs 2.6; d, the dielectric film layer is made of silicon oxide (SiO)2) Refractive index nDIs 1.46. Specifically, (1) color-changing film layer structure B [ AB [ ]]nThe thickness of the two film layers of the monocycle AB is dA、dBThe designed dimensional relationship is d is more than or equal to 200A+nBdB300 or less, wherein the thickness d of the air layer A isAIs 140nm, and the thickness d of the B dielectric film layerBIs 60 nm. (2) 1-2.5 mu m near infrared and 1.06 mu m laser compatible camouflage regulation and control film layer structure [ CD ]]mD[CD]mThe thicknesses of two dielectric films of CD are respectively dC、dDThe designed dimensional relationship is nCdC≈nDdDAbout 265nm, and nCdC+nDdD530 f, therefore, C dielectric film layer thickness dCThe value is 102nm, and the thickness D of the dielectric film layerDThe value is 181 nm.
When the A film layer is respectively filled with air and CO2When the composite film is filled with the aqueous solution, the reflection spectrum characteristic of the 380 nm-780 nm visible light wave band of the light vertically incident on the surface of the composite film layer material is simulated and calculated as shown in figure 5 and is 750 nm-15 nmThe reflection spectrum characteristic in the infrared band of 000nm is shown in FIG. 6. After the gas and the liquid with different refractive indexes are filled, the optical reflection characteristics of visible light and infrared light of the composite film system structure can be changed, the structure coloring can be changed between green, yellow and red, the near-infrared high reflection of 1-2 mu m is achieved, and the spectrum hole digging effect is formed at a laser wave band section near 1.06 mu m. Therefore, the optical-compatibility stealth function of intelligent color change, near infrared and 1.06 mu m laser wave bands is achieved.
Example 3
When the heterogeneous membrane system structure is B [ AB ]]n[EF]iAnd when n is 4 and i is 4, as shown in fig. 7, the infrared multi-band compatible intelligent camouflage function is realized by color change of the structure. A, E is air layer with refractive index nA、nEIs 1; the material of the B dielectric film layer is zinc sulfide (ZnS), and the refractive index nBIs 2.2; the material of the F dielectric film layer is silicon oxide (SiO)2) Refractive index nFIs 1.46. Wherein, (1) the color-changing film layer structure B [ AB ]]nThe thickness of the two film layers of the monocycle AB is dA、dBThe designed dimensional relationship is d is more than or equal to 200A+nBdB300 or less, wherein the thickness d of the air layer A isAIs 100nm, and the thickness d of the dielectric film layerBIs 80 nm. (2) Infrared camouflage regulation and control film layer [ EF]iThe thickness of two EF dielectric films is dE、dFThe designed dimensional relationship is nEdE+nFdFLambda is in the range of 3-5 μm and 10-12 μm.
Lambda is 10 μm, thickness d of E dielectric film layerEThe value is 2375nm, and the thickness d of the F dielectric film layerFThe value was 1800 nm. When A, E film layers are respectively filled with air and CO2When the composite film is filled with the aqueous solution, the reflection spectrum characteristic of the visible light wave band of 380 nm-780 nm of the light vertically incident on the surface of the composite film layer material is simulated and calculated to be shown in figure 8, and the reflection spectrum characteristic of the infrared wave band of 750 nm-15000 nm is simulated and calculated to be shown in figure 9. After the gas and liquid with different refractive indexes are filled, the optical reflection characteristics of visible light and infrared light of the composite film system structure can be changed, the structure coloring can be changed between yellow-orange-red, and the red with the thickness of 1-5 mu m and 8-14 mu m can be simultaneously usedAnd high external reflection. Therefore, the intelligent color-changing infrared-compatible stealth function is achieved.
Example 4
When the heterogeneous membrane system structure is B [ AB ]]n[EF]i[CD]mD[CD]mAnd when n is 6, i is 4, and m is 2, as shown in fig. 10, the function is used to realize a structural discoloration, a 10.6 μm laser, and infrared multiband compatible intelligent camouflage function. A, E is air layer with refractive index nA、nEIs 1; the material of the B dielectric film layer is silicon oxide (SiO)2) Refractive index nBIs 1.46; F. c is lead telluride (PbTe) with refractive index nF、nCIs 5.6; d is zinc selenide (ZnSe) and has a refractive index nDIs 2.4. Wherein, (1) the color-changing film layer structure B [ AB ]]nThe thickness of the two film layers of the monocycle AB is dA、dBThe designed dimensional relationship is d is more than or equal to 200A+nBdB300 or less, wherein the thickness d of the air layer A isAIs 100nm, and the thickness d of the dielectric film layerBIs 120 nm. (2) Infrared camouflage regulation and control film layer [ EF]iThe thickness of two EF dielectric films is dE、dFThe designed dimensional relationship is nEdE+nFdFλ/2, λ 3 μm, thickness d of dielectric filmEThe value is 380nm, and the thickness d of the F dielectric film layerFThe value is 200 nm. (3) 8-14 mu m far infrared and 10.6 mu m laser compatible camouflage regulation and control film layer structure [ CD ]]mD[CD]mThe thicknesses of two dielectric films of CD are respectively dC、dDThe designed dimensional relationship is nCdC≈nDdD2650nm, and nCdC+nDdD5300, therefore, the thickness d of the C dielectric film layerCThe value is 473nm, D dielectric film layer thickness DDThe value is 1104 nm.
When A, E film layers are respectively filled with air and CO2When the composite film is filled with the aqueous solution, the reflection spectrum characteristic of the visible light wave band of 380 nm-780 nm of the light vertically incident on the surface of the composite film layer material is simulated and calculated to be shown in figure 11, and the reflection spectrum characteristic of the infrared wave band of 750 nm-15000 nm is simulated and calculated to be shown in figure 12. Gas and liquid filling with different refractive indexesAfter filling, the optical reflection characteristics of visible light and infrared of the composite film system structure can be changed, the structure can be colored in green-yellow, the infrared high reflection of 1-5 mu m and 8-14 mu m is achieved, and the spectrum hole digging effect is formed at the laser wave band section near 10.6 mu m. Therefore, the optical-compatible stealth function of intelligent color change, infrared and 10.6-micrometer laser wave bands is achieved.
Example 5
When the heterogeneous membrane system structure is B [ AB ]]n[CD]mD[CD]m[EF]iAnd when n is 6, m is 2, and i is 4, as shown in fig. 13, the function is used to realize structural discoloration, a 1.06 μm laser, and infrared multiband compatible intelligent camouflage function. A, E is air layer with refractive index nA、nEIs 1; B. d the dielectric film layer is made of aluminum oxide (Al)2O3) Refractive index nB、nDIs 1.63; C. f is titanium oxide (TiO)2) Refractive index nC、nFIs 2.6. Wherein, (1) the color-changing film layer structure B [ AB ]]nThe thickness of the two film layers of the monocycle AB is dA、dBThe designed dimensional relationship is d is more than or equal to 200A+nBdB300 or less, wherein the thickness d of the air layer A isA150nm, thickness d of B dielectric film layerBIs 75 nm. (2) 1-2.5 mu m near infrared and 1.06 mu m laser compatible camouflage regulation and control film layer structure [ CD ]]mD[CD]mC, D thickness of two dielectric films are dC、dDThe designed dimensional relationship is nCdC≈nDdDAbout 265nm, and nCdC+nDdD530 f, therefore, C dielectric film layer thickness dCThe value is 100nm, and the thickness D of the dielectric film layerDThe value was 165 nm. (3) Infrared camouflage regulation and control film layer [ EF]iE, F thickness of two dielectric films are dE、dFThe designed dimensional relationship is nEdE+nFdFLambda is selected from the range of 3-5 μm and 10-12 μm, wherein lambda is 10 μm, and the thickness d of the dielectric layer isEThe value is 2400nm, and the thickness d of the F dielectric film layerFThe value is 1000 nm.
When A is,E film layer is respectively coated by air and CO2When the composite film is filled with the aqueous solution, the reflection spectrum characteristic of the visible light wave band of 380 nm-780 nm of the light vertically incident on the surface of the composite film layer material is simulated and calculated to be shown in figure 14, and the reflection spectrum characteristic of the infrared wave band of 750 nm-15000 nm is simulated and calculated to be shown in figure 15. After the gas and the liquid with different refractive indexes are filled, the optical reflection characteristics of visible light and infrared light of the composite film system structure can be changed, the structure coloring can be changed between green, yellow and orange, the infrared high reflection of 1-5 micrometers and 8-14 micrometers is achieved, and the spectrum hole digging effect is formed at a laser wave band part near 1.06 micrometers. Therefore, the optical-compatible stealth function of intelligent color change, infrared and 1.06 mu m laser wave bands is achieved.
Example 6
When the heterogeneous membrane system structure is B [ AB ]]n[C1D1]mD1[C1D1]m[EF]i[C2D2]jD2[C2D2]jAnd n is 4, m is 2, i is 2, and j is 2, as shown in fig. 16, for realizing structural discoloration, a compatible intelligent camouflage function of 1.06 μm and 10.6 μm laser, and infrared multiband. A, E is air layer with refractive index nA、nEIs 1; the material of the B dielectric film layer is magnesium fluoride (MgF)2) Refractive index nBIs 1.38; c1、F、C2Is lead telluride (PbTe) with refractive index nC1、nF、nC2Is 5.6; d1、D2Is zinc sulfide (ZnS), refractive index nD1、nD2Is 2.2. Wherein, (1) the color-changing film layer structure B [ AB ]]nThe thickness of the two film layers of the monocycle AB is dA、dBThe designed dimensional relationship is d is more than or equal to 200A+nBdB300 or less, wherein the thickness d of the air layer A isAIs 100nm, and the thickness d of the dielectric film layerBIs 100 nm. (2) 1-2.5 mu m near infrared and 1.06 mu m laser compatible camouflage regulation and control film layer structure [ C ]1D1]mD1[C1D1]m，C1、D1The thicknesses of the two dielectric film layers are respectively dC1、dD1Ruler of designThe cun relationship is nC1dC1≈nD1dD1About 265nm, and nC1dC1+nD1dD1530, therefore, C1Thickness d of dielectric film layerC1The value is 50nm, D1Thickness d of dielectric film layerD1The value was 113 nm. (3) Infrared camouflage regulation and control film layer [ EF]iE, F thickness of two dielectric films are dE、dFThe designed dimensional relationship is nEdE+nFdFLambda is selected within the range of 2-4 mu m and 10-12 mu m, wherein lambda is 4 mu m, and the thickness d of the dielectric film layerEThe value is 880nm, and the thickness d of the F dielectric film layerFThe value is 200 nm. (4) 8-14 mu m far infrared and 10.6 mu m laser compatible camouflage regulation and control film layer structure [ C ]2D2]jD2[C2D2]j，C2、D2The thicknesses of the two dielectric film layers are respectively dC2、dD2The designed dimensional relationship is nC2dC2≈nD2dD22650nm, and nC2dC2+nD2dD25300, therefore, C2Thickness d of dielectric film layerGValues of 473nm, D2Thickness d of dielectric film layerHThe value was 1205 nm.
When A, E film layer is simultaneously coated with air and CO2When the composite film is filled with the aqueous solution, the reflection spectrum characteristic of the visible light wave band of 380 nm-780 nm of the light vertically incident on the surface of the composite film layer material is simulated and calculated to be shown in figure 17, and the reflection spectrum characteristic of the infrared wave band of 750 nm-15000 nm is simulated and calculated to be shown in figure 18. After the gas and the liquid with different refractive indexes are filled, the optical reflection characteristics of visible light and infrared light of the composite film system structure can be changed, the structure coloring can be changed between blue and green, the infrared high reflection of 1-5 mu m and 8-14 mu m is achieved, and the spectrum hole digging effect is formed at the laser wave band sections near 1.06 mu m and 10.6 mu m. Therefore, the optical-compatible stealth function of intelligent color change and infrared and 1.06 mu m and 10.6 mu m laser wave bands is achieved.
The above examples are provided to those of ordinary skill in the art to fully disclose and describe how to make and use the claimed embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure herein. Modifications apparent to those skilled in the art are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A multiband compatible intelligent optical camouflage material based on gas-liquid control is characterized in that the heterogeneous membrane system structure is a ① color changing membrane layer structure B [ AB ]]n② infrared and laser compatible camouflage regulation film layer structure [ CD ]]mD[CD]mOr/and ③ infrared camouflage regulation and control film layer structure [ EF]iCombining and forming; b, C, D, F is solid material layer selected from ZnS, ZnSe, GaAs, PbTe and Al2O3、SiO2、TiO2、Si、Si3N4、MgF2、PbF2(ii) a A. E is an air layer; the film layer arrangement coefficients n, m and i represent the periodic alternate arrangement times, the values of n and i are integers of 2-6, and the value of m is 2;
the color-changing film layer structure B [ AB ]]nThe air layer A and the solid material layer B are alternately formed into a layered grid structure; thickness d of air layer AA80-180 nm, thickness d of the solid material layer BB50 to 120 nm; the refractive index of the solid material B is nBD is more than or equal to 200nm and is larger than or equal to the thickness relation of the two film layers of the single-period ABA+nBdB≤300nm。
2. The gas-liquid control based multiband compatible type intelligent optical camouflage material according to claim 1, wherein: the heterogeneous membrane system structure is as follows: b [ AB ]]n[CD]mD[CD]mIf C, D the refractive indexes of the two-layered medium are n respectivelyC、nDC, D the thicknesses of the two film layers are dC、dDThen the following relationship exists:
①nCdC≈nDdD2650nm, and nCdC+nDdD＝5300nm；
Or ② nCdC≈nDdDAbout 265nm, and nCdC+nDdD＝530nm。
3. The gas-liquid control based multiband compatible type intelligent optical camouflage material according to claim 2, wherein: a is air layer with refractive index nAIs 1; B. d the dielectric film layer is made of silicon oxide and has a refractive index nB、nDIs 1.46; the C dielectric film layer is made of lead telluride with refractive index nCIs 5.6; n is 6, m is 2;
color-changing film layer structure B [ AB ]]nThe thickness of the two film layers of the monocycle AB is dA、dBThickness of air layer A dAIs 100nm, and the thickness d of the dielectric film layerBIs 100 nm;
8-14 mu m far infrared and 10.6 mu m laser compatible camouflage regulation and control film layer structure [ CD ]]mD[CD]mThe thicknesses of two dielectric films of CD are respectively dC、dDThickness d of dielectric film CC473nm, D dielectric film layer thickness DDIs 1815 nm;
or: a is air layer with refractive index nAIs 1; B. the C dielectric film layer is made of titanium oxide and has a refractive index nB、nCIs 2.6; d the dielectric film layer is made of silicon oxide and has a refractive index nDIs 1.46; n is 6, m is 2;
color-changing film layer structure B [ AB ]]nThe thickness of the two film layers of the monocycle AB is dA、dBThickness of air layer A dAIs 140nm, and the thickness d of the B dielectric film layerBIs 60 nm;
1-2.5 mu m near infrared and 1.06 mu m laser compatible camouflage regulation and control film layer structure [ CD ]]mD[CD]mThe thicknesses of two dielectric films of CD are respectively dC、dDThickness d of dielectric film CCIs 102nm, and has a dielectric film layer thickness DDIs 181 nm.
4. The gas-liquid control based multiband compatible type intelligent optical camouflage material according to claim 1, wherein: the heterogeneous membrane system structure is as follows: b [ AB ]]n[EF]iIf E, F the refractive indexes of the two-layered medium are n respectivelyE、nFThe thickness of the two EF film layers is dE、dFThen there is a relationship: n isEdE+nFdFLambda is in the range of 3-5 μm and 10-12 μm.
5. The gas-liquid control based multiband compatible type intelligent optical camouflage material according to claim 4, wherein: a, E is air layer with refractive index nA、nEIs 1; the material of the B dielectric film layer is zinc sulfide, the refractive index nBIs 2.2; the material of the F dielectric film layer is silicon oxide, the refractive index nFIs 1.46; n is 4, i is 4;
color-changing film layer structure B [ AB ]]nThe thickness of the two film layers of the monocycle AB is dA、dBThickness of air layer A dAIs 100nm, and the thickness d of the dielectric film layerBIs 80 nm;
infrared camouflage regulation and control film layer [ EF]iThe thickness of two EF dielectric films is dE、dFThickness d of dielectric film layer EE2375nm, thickness d of F dielectric film layerFIs 1800 nm.
6. The gas-liquid control based multiband compatible type intelligent optical camouflage material according to claim 1, wherein: the heterogeneous membrane system structure is as follows: b [ AB ]]n[CD]mD[CD]m[EF]iOr B [ AB ]]n[EF]i[CD]mD[CD]m；
If C, D the refractive indexes of the two-layer medium are n respectivelyC、nDThe thickness of two film layers of CD is dC、dDThen the following relationship exists:
①nCdC＝nDdD2650nm, and nCdC+nDdD＝5300nm；
Or ② nCdC＝nDdDAbout 265nm, and nCdC+nDdD＝530nm；
If E, F two-film mediumRespectively is nE、nFThe thickness of the two EF film layers is dE、dFThen there is a relationship: n isEdE+nFdFLambda is in the range of 3-5 μm and 10-12 μm.
7. The gas-liquid control based multiband compatible type intelligent optical camouflage material according to claim 6, wherein: the heterogeneous membrane system structure is as follows: b [ AB ]]n[EF]i[CD]mD[CD]mA, E is air layer with refractive index nA、nEIs 1; the material of the B dielectric film layer is silicon oxide, the refractive index nBIs 1.46; F. c is lead telluride, refractive index nF、nCIs 5.6; d is zinc selenide with refractive index nDIs 2.4; n is 6, i is 4, m is 2;
color-changing film layer structure B [ AB ]]nThe thickness of the two film layers of the monocycle AB is dA、dBThickness of air layer A dAIs 100nm, and the thickness d of the dielectric film layerBIs 120 nm;
infrared camouflage regulation and control film layer [ EF]iThe thickness of two EF dielectric films is dE、dFThickness d of dielectric film layer EE380nm, thickness d of F dielectric filmFIs 200 nm;
8-14 mu m far infrared and 10.6 mu m laser compatible camouflage regulation and control film layer structure [ CD ]]mD[CD]mThe thicknesses of two dielectric films of CD are respectively dC、dDThickness d of dielectric film CC473nm, D dielectric film layer thickness DD1104 nm.
8. The gas-liquid control based multiband compatible type intelligent optical camouflage material according to claim 6, wherein: the heterogeneous membrane system structure is as follows: b [ AB ]]n[CD]mD[CD]m[EF]iA, E is air layer with refractive index nA、nEIs 1; B. d the dielectric film layer is made of aluminum oxide and has a refractive index nB、nDIs 1.63; C. f is titanium oxide and has a refractive index nC、nFIs 2.6; n is 6, m is 2, i is 4;
color-changing film layer structure B [ AB ]]nThe thickness of the two film layers of the monocycle AB is dA、dBThickness of air layer A dA150nm, thickness d of B dielectric film layerBIs 75 nm;
1-2.5 mu m near infrared and 1.06 mu m laser compatible camouflage regulation and control film layer structure [ CD ]]mD[CD]mC, D thickness of two dielectric films are dC、dDThickness d of dielectric film CCIs 100nm, and has a dielectric film layer thickness DDIs 165 nm;
infrared camouflage regulation and control film layer [ EF]iE, F thickness of two dielectric films are dE、dFThickness d of dielectric film layer EE2400nm, thickness d of F dielectric filmFIs 1000 nm.
9. The gas-liquid control based multiband compatible type intelligent optical camouflage material according to claim 1, wherein: the heterogeneous membrane system structure is as follows: b [ AB ]]n[C1D1]mD1[C1D1]m[EF]i[C2D2]jD2[C2D2]jWherein j is an integer greater than or equal to 2;
if C1、D1The refractive indexes of the two film mediums are n respectivelyC1、nD1，C1D1The thickness of the two film layers is dC1、dD1Then the following relationship exists:
②nC1dC1≈nD1dD12650nm, and nC1dC1+nD1dD1＝5300nm；
Or ② nC1dC1≈nD1dD1About 265nm, and nC1dC1+nD1dD1＝530nm；
If E, F the refractive indexes of the two-layer medium are n respectivelyE、nFThe thickness of the two EF film layers is dE、dFThen there is a relationship: n isEdE+nFdFLambda is in the range of 3-5 μm and 10-12 μm;
if C2、D2The refractive indexes of the two film mediums are n respectivelyC2、nD2，C2D2The thickness of the two film layers is dC2、dD2Then the following relationship exists:
③nC2dC2≈nD2dD22650nm, and nC2dC2+nD2dD2＝5300nm；
Or ② nC2dC2≈nD2dD2About 265nm, and nC2dC2+nD2dD2＝530nm。
10. The gas-liquid control based multiband compatible type intelligent optical camouflage material according to claim 9, wherein: a, E is air layer with refractive index nA、nEIs 1; the material of the B dielectric film layer is magnesium fluoride, the refractive index nBIs 1.38; c1、F、C2Is lead telluride, refractive index nC1、nF、nC2Is 5.6; d1、D2Is zinc sulfide, refractive index nD1、nD2Is 2.2; n is 4, m is 2, i is 2, and j is 2;
color-changing film layer structure B [ AB ]]nThe thickness of the two film layers of the monocycle AB is dA、dBThickness of air layer A dAIs 100nm, and the thickness d of the dielectric film layerBIs 100 nm;
1-2.5 mu m near infrared and 1.06 mu m laser compatible camouflage regulation and control film layer structure [ C ]1D1]mD1[C1D1]m，C1、D1The thicknesses of the two dielectric film layers are respectively dC1、dD1，C1Thickness d of dielectric film layerC1Is 50nm, D1Thickness d of dielectric film layerD1Is 113 nm;
infrared camouflage regulation and control film layer [ EF]iE, F two dielectric film layerThickness is respectively dE、dFThickness d of dielectric film layer EE880nm, F dielectric film layer thickness dFIs 200 nm;
8-14 mu m far infrared and 10.6 mu m laser compatible camouflage regulation and control film layer structure [ C ]2D2]jD2[C2D2]j，C2、D2The thicknesses of the two dielectric film layers are respectively dC2、dD2，C2Thickness d of dielectric film layerGAt 473nm, D2Thickness d of dielectric film layerHIs 1205 nm.
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